Angle of loading. The acute angle between horizontal and the leg of the rigging, often referred to as horizontal angle. See Figures 7 and 22.

Anti two-block device. A device that, when activated, disengages all crane functions whose movement can cause two-blocking.

Basket hitch. A method of rigging a sling in which the sling is passed around the load and both loop eyes or end fittings are attached to the lifting device.

Below-the-hook lifting device. A device used for attaching loads to a hoist. The device may contain components such as slings, hooks, rigging hardware, and lifting attachments.

Bird caging. The twisting of fiber or wire rope in an isolated area of the rope in the opposite direction of the rope lay, thereby causing it to take on the appearance of a bird cage.

Braided wire rope. A wire rope formed by plaiting component wire ropes.

Bridle wire rope sling. A sling composed of multiple legs with the top ends gathered in a fitting that goes over the lifting hook.

Cable laid endless sling-mechanical joint. A wire rope sling made endless from one continuous length of cable laid rope with the ends joined by one or more metallic fittings.

Cable laid grommet-hand tucked. An endless wire rope sling made from one continuous length of rope formed to make a body composed of 6 ropes around a rope core. The rope ends are tucked into the body, thus forming the core. No sleeves are used.

Center of gravity. The center of gravity of any object is the point in the object around which its weight is evenly distributed. If you could put a support under that point, you could balance the object on the support.

Choker hitch. A method of rigging a sling in which the sling is passed around the load, then through one loop eye, end fitting, or other device, with the other loop eye or end fitting attached to the lifting device. This hitch can be done with a sliding choker hook or similar device.

Come-a-long. A mechanical device typically consisting of a chain or cable attached at each end that is used to facilitate movement of materials through leverage.

Competent person. One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.

Cross rod. A wire used to join spirals of metal mesh to form a complete fabric. See Figure 11.

Design factor. The ratio between nominal or minimum breaking strength and rated load.

Electrical contact. When a person, object, or equipment makes contact or comes close in proximity with an energized conductor or equipment that allows the passage of current.

Fabric (metal mesh). The flexible portion of the sling exclusive of end fittings consisting of a series of transverse spirals and cross rods.

Fall zone. The area (including, but not limited to, the area directly beneath the load) in which it is reasonably foreseeable that partially or completely suspended materials could fall in the event of an accident.

Flange points. A point of contact between rope and drum flange where the rope changes layers.

Hitch (hitched). A method of rigging (attaching) a sling temporarily to a load or object for the purpose of lifting.

Hoist. A mechanical device for lifting and lowering loads by winding rope onto or off a drum.

Hoisting. The act of raising, lowering or otherwise moving a load in the air with equipment covered by this standard. As used in this standard, "hoisting" can be done by means other than wire rope/hoist drum equipment.

Hoisting equipment. A machine for lifting and lowering a load and moving it horizontally. The machine may be fixed or mobile and be driven manually, by power, or by a combination of both.

Hook latch. A mechanical device used to close the throat opening of a hook.

Load. The weight of the object being lifted or lowered, including the weight of the load-attaching equipment such as the load block, ropes, slings, shackles, and any other auxiliary attachment.

Load ratings. A set of rated loads for stipulated hoisting equipment configurations and operating conditions.

Master coupling link. An alloy steel welded coupling link used as an intermediate link to join alloy steel chain to master links.

Master link. Forged or welded steel link used to support all members (legs) of an alloy steel chain sling or wire rope sling.

Mechanical coupling link (alloy steel chain). A nonwelded, mechanically closed link used primarily to attach fittings to alloy steel chain.

Operational controls. Levers, switches, pedals and other devices for controlling equipment operation.

Procedures. Include, but are not limited to: Instructions, diagrams, recommendations, warnings, specifications, protocols, and limitations.

Qualified person. A person who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training and experience, successfully demonstrated the ability to solve/resolve problems relating to the subject matter, the work, or the project.

Qualified rigger. A rigger who meets the requirements in WAC 296-155-33700.

Rated capacity. The maximum working load permitted by the manufacturer under specified working conditions. Such working conditions typically include a specific combination of factors such as equipment configuration, radii, boom length, and other parameters of use.

Rotation resistant rope. A type of wire rope construction which reduces the tendency of a rope to rotate about its axis under load. Usually, this consists of an inner system of core strands laid in one direction covered by an outer system of strands laid in the opposite direction.

RPE. A registered professional engineer licensed under RCW 18.43.040(1).

RPSE. A registered professional structural engineer licensed under RCW 18.43.040(1).

Running wire rope. A wire rope that moves over sheaves or drums.

Safety or health standard. A standard adopted under this chapter.

Section. A section of this part, unless otherwise specified.

Sling. An assembly to be used for lifting when connected to a lifting mechanism. The upper portion of the sling is connected to the lifting mechanism and the lower supports the load, as described in this part.

Spiral. A single transverse coil that is the basic element from which metal mesh is fabricated.

Standing wire rope. A supporting wire rope which maintains a constant distance between the points of attachment to the two components connected by the wire rope.

Two blocking. A condition in which a component that is uppermost on the hoist line such as the load block, hook block, overhaul ball, or similar component, comes in contact with the boom tip, fixed upper block or similar component. This binds the system and continued application of power can cause failure of the hoist rope or other component.

Vertical hitch. A method of rigging a sling in which the load is attached to the loop eye or end fitting at one end of the sling and the loop eye or end fitting at the other end is attached to the lifting device. Any hitch less than 5 degrees from the vertical may be considered a vertical hitch.

Wire rope. A flexible rope constructed by laying steel wires into various patterns of multiwired strands around a core system to produce a helically wound rope.

Working load. The external load applied to the hoisting equipment, including the personnel lifting platform, its contents, and the load attaching equipment, such as lowered load block, shackles, and slings.