PERMANENT RULES
Purpose: To amend the Washington State Energy Code, chapter 51-11 WAC, to update mechanical efficiency, envelope, and lighting requirements for consistency with national standards and increase energy efficiency; to provide for new technology and building science; and to help increase code clarity and flexibility.
Citation of Existing Rules Affected by this Order: Amending WAC 51-11-502, 51-11-1132, 51-11-1322, 51-11-1331, 51-11-1413, 51-11-1423, 51-11-1433, 51-11-1513, 51-11-1521, and Tables 10-6, 13-1, 13-2, 14-1A, B and D, and 15-1.
Statutory Authority for Adoption: RCW 19.27A.025 and 19.27A.045.
Other Authority: Chapters 19.27, 19.27A, and 34.05 RCW.
Adopted under notice filed as WSR 04-17-120 on August 17, 2004.
Changes Other than Editing from Proposed to Adopted Version: Section 1413.4, Humidification, was amended to provide additional clarity and flexibility; Option 1 was selected in Section 1433; the proposed amendment to Section 1437 was not adopted; and the proposed amendment to Table 15-1 was revised to retain the current lighting power allowance for schools.
Number of Sections Adopted in Order to Comply with Federal Statute: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; Federal Rules or Standards: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; or Recently Enacted State Statutes: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0.
Number of Sections Adopted at Request of a Nongovernmental Entity: New 0, Amended 13, Repealed 0.
Number of Sections Adopted on the Agency's Own Initiative: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0.
Number of Sections Adopted in Order to Clarify, Streamline, or Reform Agency Procedures: New 4, Amended 0, Repealed 0.
Number of Sections Adopted Using Negotiated Rule Making: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; Pilot Rule Making: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; or Other Alternative Rule Making: New 0, Amended 13, Repealed 0.
Date Adopted: November 12, 2004.
Stan Price
Council Chair
OTS-7374.4
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 04-01-106, filed 12/17/03,
effective 7/1/04)
WAC 51-11-0502
Building envelope requirements.
502.1 General:
502.1.1: The stated U- or F-factor of any component
assembly, listed in Table 5-1 or 5-2, such as roof/ceiling,
opaque wall or opaque floor may be increased and the U-factor
for other components decreased, provided that the total heat
gain or loss for the entire building envelope does not exceed
the total resulting from compliance to the U-factors specified
in this section.
The U-factors for typical construction assemblies are
included in Chapter 10. These values shall be used for all
calculations. Where proposed construction assemblies are not
represented in Chapter 10, values shall be calculated in
accordance with Chapters 23-30 in Standard RS-1 listed in
Chapter 7, using the framing factors listed in Chapter 10
where applicable.
For envelope assemblies containing metal framing, the
U-factor shall be determined by one of the following methods:
1. Results of laboratory or field measurements.
2. Standard RS-1, listed in Chapter 7, where the metal
framing is bonded on one or both sides to a metal skin or
covering.
3. The zone method as provided in Chapter 25 of Standard
RS-1, listed in Chapter 7.
4. Results of parallel path correction factors effective
framing/cavity R-values as provided in Table 10-5A - EFFECTIVE
R-VALUES FOR METAL FRAMING AND CAVITY ONLY for metal stud walls and
roof/ceilings.
502.1.2: For consideration of thermal mass effects, see
section 402.4.
502.1.3: When return air ceiling plenums are employed,
the roof/ceiling assembly shall:
a. For thermal transmittance purposes, not include the
ceiling proper nor the plenum space as part of the assembly;
and
b. For gross area purposes, be based upon the interior
face of the upper plenum surface.
502.1.4 Insulation:
502.1.4.1 General: All insulating materials shall comply
with sections 2603 and/or 719 of the International Building
Code. Substantial contact of the insulation with the surface
being insulated is required. All insulation materials shall
be installed according to the manufacturer's instructions to
achieve proper densities and maintain uniform R-values and
shall be installed in a manner which will permit inspection of
the manufacturer's R-value identification mark. To the
maximum extent possible, insulation shall extend over the full
component area to the intended R-value.
Alternatively, the thickness of roof/ceiling and wall
insulation that is either blown in or spray-applied shall be
identified by inches of thickness, density and R-value markers
installed at least one for every 300 square feet (28 m2)
through the attic, ceiling and/or wall space. In attics, the
markers shall be affixed to the trusses or joists and marked
with the minimum initial installed thickness and minimum
settled thickness with numbers a minimum 1.0 inch (25 mm) in
height. Each marker shall face the attic access. The
thickness of installed attic insulation shall meet or exceed
the minimum initial installed thickness shown by the marker. In cathedral ceilings and walls, the markers shall be affixed
to the rafter and wall frame at alternating high and low
intervals and marked with the minimum installed density and
R-value with numbers a minimum 1.0 inch (25 mm) in height. Each marker shall face the conditioned room area.
502.1.4.2 Insulation Materials: All insulation materials
including facings such as vapor barriers or breather papers
installed within floor/ceiling assemblies, roof/ceiling
assemblies, walls, crawl spaces, or attics shall have a flame
spread rating of less than 25 and a smoke density not to
exceed 450 when tested in accordance with ASTM E84-01.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106,
§ 51-11-0502, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04. Statutory
Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, §
51-11-0502, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02; 01-03-010, §
51-11-0502, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, §
51-11-0502, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory
Authority: Chapters 19.27 and 19.27A RCW and 1994 c 226. 95-01-126, § 51-11-0502, filed 12/21/94, effective 6/30/95. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27, 19.27A and 34.05 RCW. 94-05-059, § 51-11-0502, filed 2/10/94, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, §
51-11-0502, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92. Statutory
Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, §
51-11-0502, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.] Reviser's note: The brackets and enclosed material in the text of the above section occurred in the copy filed by the agency and appear in the Register pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.08.040. TABLE 10-6 Frame Low-e(0.40),
Fixed Low-e(0.10),
Fixed Frame Frame Where a low-emissivity emittance is listed (i.e.: 0.40, 0.20, 0.10), that is the maximum allowed. Where a gas other than air is listed (i.e.: Argon), the gas fill shall be a minimum of 90%. Where an operator type is listed (i.e.: Fixed), the default is only allowed for that operator type. Where a frame type is listed (i.e.:
Wood/vinyl), the default is only allowed for that frame type. Wood/vinyl frame includes reinforced vinyl and
aluminum-clad wood. TABLE 10-6A Thermal Break7 TABLE 10-6B1 THERMAL BREAK9 WOOD/REINFORCED VINYL10 Footnotes to Table 10-6B 3/8" = a minimum dead air space of 0.375 inches between the panes of glass. 1/2" = a minimum dead air space of 0.5 inches between the panes of glass. Product with air spaces different than those listed above shall use the value for the next smaller air space;
i.e. 3/4 inch = 1/2 inch U-factors, 7/16 inch = 3/8 inch U-factors, 5/16 inch = 1/4 inch U-factors. Low-e2 (emissivity) shall be 0.2 or less. Low-e1 (emissivity) shall be 0.1 or less. thermal break meeting the criteria in a) and b) above. TABLE 10-6C Glazing Glazing Glazing with 1/4 in. Airspace Glazing with 1/2 in. Airspace Glazing with e = 0.10, 1/2 in. Argon
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Foam plastic insulation shall comply with section 2603 of the International Building Code.
2. When such materials are installed in concealed spaces of Types III, IV and V construction, the flame
spread and smoke developed limitations do not apply to facing, provided that the facing is installed in
substantial contact with the unexposed surface of the ceiling, floor or wall finish.
3. Cellulose insulation shall comply with section 719 of the International Building Code.
502.1.4.3 Clearances: Where required, insulation shall
be installed with clearances according to manufacturer's
specifications. Insulation shall be installed so that
required ventilation is unobstructed. For blown or poured
loose fill insulation, clearances shall be maintained through
installation of a permanent retainer.
502.1.4.4 Access Hatches and Doors: Access doors from
conditioned spaces to unconditioned spaces (e.g., attics and
crawl spaces) shall be weatherstripped and insulated to a
level equivalent to the insulation on the surrounding
surfaces. Access shall be provided to all equipment which
prevents damaging or compressing the insulation. A wood
framed or equivalent baffle or retainer must be provided when
loose fill insulation is installed, the purpose of which is to
prevent the loose fill insulation from spilling into the
living space when the attic access is opened, and to provide a
permanent means of maintaining the installed R-value of the
loose fill insulation.
502.1.4.5 Roof/Ceiling Insulation: Open-blown or poured
loose fill insulation may be used in attic spaces where the
slope of the ceiling is not more than 3 feet in 12 and there
is at least 30 inches of clear distance from the top of the
bottom chord of the truss or ceiling joist to the underside of
the sheathing at the roof ridge. When eave vents are
installed, baffling of the vent openings shall be provided so
as to deflect the incoming air above the surface of the
insulation. Baffles shall be, rigid material, resistant to
wind driven moisture. Requirements for baffles for ceiling
insulation shall meet the International Building Code section
1203.2 for minimum ventilation requirements. When feasible,
the baffles shall be installed from the top of the outside of
the exterior wall, extending inward, to a point 6 inches
vertically above the height of noncompressed insulation, and
12 inches vertically above loose fill insulation.
502.1.4.6 Wall Insulation: Insulation installed in
exterior walls shall comply with the provisions of this
section. All wall insulation shall fill the entire framed
cavity. Exterior wall cavities isolated during framing shall
be fully insulated to the levels of the surrounding walls. All faced insulation shall be face stapled to avoid
compression.
EXCEPTION:
Framed cavity can be empty or partially filled provided:
1. The wall assembly calculations are performed along with a completed performance calculation for
the whole building; and
2. Insulation installed in partially filled cavities is not included in the performance calculation.
502.1.4.7 Floor Insulation: Floor insulation shall be
installed in a permanent manner in substantial contact with
the surface being insulated. Insulation supports shall be
installed so spacing is no more than 24 inches on center. Foundation vents shall be placed so that the top of the vent
is below the lower surface of the floor insulation.
EXCEPTION:
Insulation may be omitted from floor areas over heated basements, heated garages or underfloor areas
used as HVAC supply plenums. When foundation walls are insulated, the insulation shall be attached in
a permanent manner. The insulation shall not block the airflow through foundation vents when
installed. When foundation vents are not placed so that the top of the vent is below the lower surface
of the floor insulation, a permanently attached baffle shall be installed at an angle of 30° from
horizontal, to divert air flow below the lower surface of the floor insulation.
502.1.4.8 Slab-On-Grade: Slab-on-grade insulation,
installed inside the foundation wall, shall extend downward
from the top of the slab for a minimum distance of 24 inches
or downward and then horizontally beneath the slab for a
minimum combined distance of 24 inches. Insulation installed
outside the foundation shall extend downward to a minimum of
24 inches or to the frostline. Above grade insulation shall
be protected.
EXCEPTION:
For monolithic slabs, the insulation shall extend downward from the top of the slab to the bottom of
the footing.
502.1.4.9 Radiant Slabs: The entire area of a radiant
slab shall be thermally isolated from the soil, with a minimum
of R-10 insulation. The insulation shall be an approved
product for its intended use. If a soil gas control system is
present below the radiant slab, which results in increased
convective flow below the radiant slab, the radiant slab shall
be thermally isolated from the sub-slab gravel layer.
502.1.4.10 Below Grade Walls: Below grade exterior wall
insulation used on the exterior (cold) side of the wall shall
extend from the top of the below grade wall to the top of the
footing and shall be approved for below grade use. Above
grade insulation shall be protected.
Insulation used on the interior (warm) side of the wall
shall extend from the top of the below grade wall to the below
grade floor level.
502.1.5 Glazing and Door U-factors: Glazing and door
U-factors shall be determined in accordance with sections
502.1.5.1 and 502.1.5.2. All products shall be labeled with
the NFRC certified or default U-factor. The labeled U-factor
shall be used in all calculations to determine compliance with
this Code. Sealed insulating glass shall conform to, or be in
test for, ASTM E-774-81 class A.
EXCEPTIONS:
1. For glazed wall systems, assemblies with all of the following features are deemed to satisfy the
vertical glazing U-factor requirement in Table 6-1 or 6-2 options with vertical glazing U-0.40 and
greater:
a. Double glazing with a minimum 1/2 inch gap width, having a low-emissivity coating with e = 0.10
maximum, with 90% minimum argon gas fill, and a non-aluminum spacer (as defined in footnote 1 to
Table 10-6B), and
b. Frame that is thermal break aluminum (as defined in footnote 9 to Table 10-6B), wood, aluminum
clad wood, vinyl, aluminum clad vinyl, or reinforced vinyl.
The only labeling requirement for products using this exception shall be a description of the product
and a label stating: "This product is deemed to satisfy the Table 6-1 or 6-2 vertical glazing U-factor
requirement using the exception to Section 502.1.5 in the Washington State Energy Code."
2. For overhead glazing, assemblies with all of the following features are deemed to satisfy the overhead
glazing U-factor requirement in Table 6-1 or 6-2 options except the unlimited glazing area options
(Options IV and V in Table 6-1 and Options V and VI in Table 6-2):
a. Either, double glazing with a minimum 1/2 inch gap width, having a low-emissivity coating with e
=0.20 maximum, with 90% minimum argon gas fill, or, triple glazed plastic domes, and
b. Frame that is thermal break aluminum (as defined in footnote 9 to Table 10-6B), wood, aluminum
clad wood, vinyl, aluminum clad vinyl, or reinforced vinyl.
The only labeling requirement for products using this exception shall be a description of the product
and a label stating: "This product is deemed to satisfy the Table 6-1 or 6-2 overhead glazing U-factor
requirement using the exception to Section 502.1.5 in the Washington State Energy Code."
3. For solariums with a floor area which does not exceed 300 square feet, assemblies which comply with
the features listed in exception 2 are deemed to satisfy the vertical glazing and overhead glazing
U-factor requirement in Table 6-1 or 6-2 options with vertical glazing U-0.40 and greater.
The only labeling requirement for products using this exception shall be a description of the product
and a label stating: "This product is deemed to satisfy the Table 6-1 or 6-2 vertical glazing and
overhead glazing U-factor requirements using the exception to Section 502.1.5 in the Washington
State Energy Code."
502.1.5.1 Standard Procedure for Determination of Glazing
U-factors: U-factors for glazing shall be determined,
certified and labeled in accordance with the National
Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) Product Certification
Program (PCP), as authorized by an independent certification
and inspection agency licensed by the NFRC. Compliance shall
be based on the Residential Model Size. Product samples used
for U-factor determinations shall be production line units or
representative of units as purchased by the consumer or
contractor. Products that are listed in the NFRC Certified
Products Directory or certified to the NFRC standard shall not
use default values.
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Glazing products without NFRC ratings may be assigned default U-factors from Table 10-6A for
vertical glazing and from Table 10-6E for overhead glazing.
2. Units without NFRC ratings produced by a small business may be assigned default U-factors from
Table 10-6A for garden windows, from Table 10-6B for other vertical glazing, and from Table 10-6E
for overhead glazing.
502.1.5.2 Standard Procedure for Determination of Door
U-factors: All doors, including fire doors, shall be assigned
default U-factors from Table 10-6C.
EXCEPTIONS:
1. U-factors determined, certified and labeled in accordance with the National Fenestration Rating
Council (NFRC) Product Certification Program (PCP), as authorized by an independent certification
and inspection agency licensed by the NFRC.
2. The default values for the opaque portions of doors shall be those listed in Table 10-6C, provided
that the U-factor listed for a door with a thermal break shall only be allowed if both the door and the
frame have a thermal break.
3. One unlabeled or untested exterior swinging door with the maximum area of 24 square feet may be
installed for ornamental, security or architectural purposes. Products using this exception shall not be
included in the U-factor calculation requirements, however glazing area shall be included in glazing area
calculations.
502.1.6 Moisture Control:
502.1.6.1 Vapor Retarders: Vapor retarders shall be
installed on the warm side (in winter) of insulation as
specified in the following cases.
EXCEPTION:
Vapor retarder installed with not more than 1/3 of the nominal R-value between it and the conditioned
space.
502.1.6.2 Floors: Floors separating conditioned space
from unconditioned space shall have a vapor retarder
installed. The vapor retarder shall have a one perm dry cup
rating or less (i.e., four mil [0.004 inch thick] polyethylene
or kraft faced material).
502.1.6.3 Roof/Ceilings: Roof/ceiling assemblies where
the ventilation space above the insulation is less than an
average of 12 inches shall be provided with a vapor retarder. Faced batt insulation where used as a vapor retarder shall be
face stapled. Single rafter joist vaulted ceiling cavities
shall be of sufficient depth to allow a minimum one inch
vented air space above the insulation.
502.1.6.4: Vapor retarders shall not be required in
roof/ceiling assemblies where the ventilation space above the
insulation averages 12 inches or greater.
502.1.6.5: Vapor retarders shall not be required where
all of the insulation is installed between the roof membrane
and the structural roof deck.
502.1.6.6 Walls: Walls separating conditioned space from
unconditioned space shall have a vapor retarder installed. Faced batt insulation shall be face stapled.
502.1.6.7 Ground Cover: A ground cover of six mil (0.006
inch thick) black polyethylene or approved equal shall be laid
over the ground within crawl spaces. The ground cover shall
be overlapped 12 inches minimum at the joints and shall extend
to the foundation wall.
EXCEPTION:
The ground cover may be omitted in crawl spaces if the crawl space has a concrete slab floor with a
minimum thickness of 3-1/2 inches.
502.2 Thermal Criteria for Group R Occupancy:
502.2.1 UA Calculations: The proposed UA as calculated
using Equations 2 and 3 shall not exceed the target UA as
calculated using Equation 1. For the purpose of determining
equivalent thermal performance, the glazing area for the
target UA shall be calculated using values in Table 5-1. The
opaque door area shall be the same in the target UA and the
proposed UA.
EXCEPTION:
Log and solid timber walls that have a minimum average thickness of 3.5" and with space heat type
other than electric resistance, are exempt from wall target UA and proposed UA calculations.
502.2.2 Space Heat Type: The following two categories
comprise all space heating types:
1. Electric Resistance: Space heating systems which
include baseboard units, radiant units and forced air units as
either the primary or secondary heating system.
EXCEPTION:
Electric resistance systems for which the total electric heat capacity in each individual dwelling unit
does not exceed the greater of: 1) One thousand watts (1000 w) per dwelling unit, or; 2) One watt per
square foot (1 w/ft2) of the gross floor area.
2. Other: All gas, wood, oil and propane space heating
systems, unless electric resistance is used as a secondary
heating system, and all heat pump space heating systems. (See
EXCEPTIONS, Electric Resistance, section 502.2.2 above.)
502.3 Reserved.
502.4 Air Leakage:
502.4.1 General: The requirements of this section shall
apply to all buildings and structures, or portions thereof,
and only to those locations separating outdoor ambient
conditions from interior spaces that are heated or
mechanically cooled.
502.4.2 Doors and Windows, General: Exterior doors and
windows shall be designed to limit air leakage into or from
the building envelope. Site-constructed doors and windows
shall be sealed in accordance with Section 502.4.3.
502.4.3 Seals and Weatherstripping:
a. Exterior joints around windows and door frames,
openings between walls and foundation, between walls and roof
and wall panels; openings at penetrations of utility services
through walls, floors and roofs; and all other openings in the
building envelope for all occupancies and all other openings
in between units in R-1 and R-2 Occupancy shall be sealed,
caulked, gasketed or weatherstripped to limit air leakage. Other exterior joints and seams shall be similarly treated, or
taped, or covered with moisture vapor permeable housewrap.
b. All exterior doors or doors serving as access to an
enclosed unheated area shall be weatherstripped to limit
leakage around their perimeter when in a closed position.
c. Site built windows are exempt from testing but shall
be made tight fitting. Fixed lights shall have glass retained
by stops with sealant or caulking all around. Operating sash
shall have weatherstripping working against overlapping trim
and a closer/latch which will hold the sash closed. The
window frame to framing crack shall be made tight with
caulking, overlapping membrane or other approved technique.
d. Openings that are required to be fire resistive are
exempt from this section.
502.4.4 Recessed Lighting Fixtures: When installed in
the building envelope, recessed lighting fixtures shall meet
one of the following requirements:
1. Type IC rated, manufactured with no penetrations
between the inside of the recessed fixture and ceiling cavity
and sealed or gasketed to prevent air leakage into the
unconditioned space.
2. Type IC rated, installed inside a sealed box
constructed from a minimum 1/2 inch thick gypsum wall board,
or constructed from a preformed polymeric vapor barrier, or
other air tight assembly manufactured for this purpose.
3. Type IC rated, certified under ASTM E283 to have no
more than 2.0 cfm air movement from the conditioned space to
the ceiling cavity. The lighting fixture shall be tested at
75 Pascals or 1.57 lbs/ft2 pressure difference and have a label
attached, showing compliance.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 02-01-112, filed 12/18/01,
effective 7/1/02)
WAC 51-11-1006
Section 1006 Default U-factors for
glazing and doors.
1006.1 Glazing and Doors without NFRC Certification:
Glazing and doors that do not have NFRC certification shall be
assigned the following U-factors:
Other than Group R Occupancy: DEFAULT U-FACTORS
FOR VERTICAL GLAZING, OVERHEAD GLAZING AND
OPAQUE DOORS
Vertical Glazing
U-Factor
Any
Frame
Aluminum
W/Thermal
Break
Vinyl/Wood
Single
1.45
1.45
1.45
Double
0.90
0.85
0.75
1/2 Inch Air,
Fixed
0.75
0.70
0.60
1/2 Inch Air,
0.60
0.55
0.50
1/2 Inch Air,
Low-e(0.10),
Fixed
0.55
0.50
0.45
1/2 Inch
Argon,
0.50
0.45
0.40
The category for aluminum frame with a thermal break is as
defined in footnote 7 to Table 10-6A.
((
Overhead GlazingU-FactorAny FrameVinyl/WoodSingle2.152.15Double1.451.00Low-e(0.40) or Argon1.400.95Low-e(0.40) + Argon1.300.85Low-e(0.20) Air1.300.90Low-e(0.20) + Argon1.250.80Triple1.250.80))Overhead Glazing: Sloped Glazing (Including Frame)
U-Factor
Any
Frame
Aluminum
W/Thermal
Break
Vinyl/Wood
Single
1.74
1.74
1.74
Double
1.08
1.02
0.90
1/2 Inch Air,
Fixed
0.90
0.84
0.72
1/2 Inch Air,
Low-e(0.40),
Fixed
0.72
0.66
0.60
1/2 Inch Air,
Low-e(0.10),
Fixed
0.66
0.60
0.54
1/2 Inch
Argon,
Low-e(0.10),
Fixed
0.60
0.54
0.48
This default table is applicable to sloped glazing only.
(Sloped glazing is a multiple-lite glazed system (similar to a
curtain wall) that is mounted at a slope greater than 15° from
the vertical plane.) Other overhead glazing shall use the
defaults in Table 10-6E.
Opaque Doors
U-Factor
Uninsulated Metal
1.20
Insulated Metal (Including Fire Door and
Smoke Vent)
0.60
Wood
0.50
Notes:
Where a gap width is listed (i.e.: 1/2 inch), that is the minimum allowed.
Group R Occupancy: DEFAULT U-FACTORS FOR VERTICAL GLAZING
Description1,2,3,4
Frame Type5,6
Aluminum
Aluminum
Wood/Vinyl
Windows
Single
1.20
1.20
1.20
Double, < 1/2"
Clear
0.92
0.75
0.63
Clear + Argon
0.87
0.71
0.60
Low-e
0.85
0.69
0.58
Low-e + Argon
0.79
0.62
0.53
Double, > 1/2"
Clear
0.86
0.69
0.58
Clear + Argon
0.83
0.67
0.55
Low-e
0.78
0.61
0.51
Low-e + Argon
0.75
0.58
0.48
Triple,
Clear
0.70
0.53
0.43
Clear + Argon
0.69
0.52
0.41
Low-e
0.67
0.49
0.40
Low-e + Argon
0.63
0.47
0.37
Garden
Single
2.60
n.a.
2.31
Windows
Double
Clear
1.81
n.a.
1.61
Clear + Argon
1.76
n.a.
1.56
Low-e
1.73
n.a.
1.54
Low-e + Argon
1.64
n.a.
1.47
1
<1/2" = a minimum dead air space of less than 0.5 inches between the panes of glass.
> 1/2" = a minimum dead air space of 0.5 inches or greater between the panes of glass.
Where no gap width is listed, the minimum gap width is 1/4".
2
Any low-e (emissivity) coating (0.1, 0.2 or 0.4).
3
U-factors listed for argon shall consist of sealed, gas-filled insulated units for argon, C02, SF6, argon/SF6
mixtures and Krypton.
4
"Glass block” assemblies may use a U-factor of 0.51.
5
Insulated fiberglass framed products shall use wood/vinyl U-factors.
6
Aluminum clad wood windows shall use the U-factors listed for wood/vinyl windows.
7
Aluminum Thermal Break = An aluminum thermal break framed window shall incorporate the following
minimum design characteristics:
a)
The thermal conductivity of the thermal break material shall be not more than 3.6 Btu-in/h/ft2/°F;
b)
The thermal break material must produces a gap in the frame material of not less than 0.210 inches; and,
c)
All metal framing members of the products exposed to interior and exterior air shall incorporate a
thermal break meeting the criteria in a) and b) above.
Group R Occupancy: SMALL BUSINESS COMPLIANCE TABLE FOR VERTICAL GLAZING
FRAME TYPE7,8
DESCRIPTION2,3,4,6
ALUMINUM
ALUM.
WOOD/VINYL
ALUM. CLAD
Double, Clear 1/4"
0.82
0.66
0.56
0.59
Double, Clear 1/4" + argon
0.77
0.63
0.53
0.56
Double, Low-e4 1/4"
0.76
0.61
0.52
0.54
Double, Low-e2 1/4"
0.73
0.58
0.49
0.51
Double, Low-e1 1/4"
0.70
0.55
0.47
0.49
Double, Low-e4 1/4" + argon
0.70
0.55
0.47
0.49
Double, Low-e2 1/4" + argon
0.66
0.52
0.43
0.46
Double, Low-e1 1/4" + argon
0.64
0.50
0.41
0.43
Double, Clear 3/8"
0.78
0.63
0.54
0.57
Double, Clear 3/8" + argon
0.75
0.60
0.51
0.54
Double, Low-e4 3/8"
0.72
0.57
0.48
0.51
Double, Low-e2 3/8"
0.69
0.54
0.45
0.48
Double, Low-e1 3/8"
0.66
0.51
0.43
0.46
Double, Low-e4 3/8" + argon
0.68
0.53
0.44
0.47
Double, Low-e2 3/8" + argon
0.63
0.49
0.41
0.44
Double, Low-e1 3/8" + argon
0.61
0.47
0.39
0.41
Double, Clear 1/2"
0.75
0.60
0.50
0.54
Double, Clear 1/2" + argon
0.72
0.58
0.48
0.51
Double, Low-e4 1/2"
0.68
0.53
0.44
0.47
Double, Low-e2 1/2"
0.64
0.50
0.40
0.44
Double, Low-e1 1/2"
0.61
0.47
0.35
0.42
Double, Low-e4 1/2" + argon
0.65
0.50
0.42
0.44
Double, Low-e2 1/2" + argon
0.60
0.46
0.37
0.40
Double, Low-e1 1/2" + argon
0.58
0.43
0.35
0.38
Triple, Clear 1/4"
0.66
0.52
0.42
0.44
Triple, Clear 1/4" + argon
0.63
0.49
0.39
0.42
Triple, Low-e4 1/4"
0.64
0.50
0.40
0.40
Triple, Low-e2 1/4"
0.62
0.48
0.39
0.41
Triple, Low-e1 1/4"
0.61
0.47
0.38
0.40
Triple, Low-e4 1/4" + argon
0.60
0.46
0.37
0.39
Triple, Low-e2 1/4" + argon
0.58
0.43
0.34
0.37
Triple, Low-el 1/4" + argon
0.57
0.42
0.34
0.36
Triple, Clear 1/2"
0.61
0.46
0.37
0.40
Triple, Clear 1/2" + argon
0.59
0.45
0.36
0.38
Triple, Low-e4 1/2"
0.58
0.43
0.35
0.37
Triple, Low-e2 1/2"
0.55
0.41
0.32
0.35
Triple, Low-e1 1/2"
0.54
0.39
0.31
0.33
Triple, Low-e4 1/2" + argon
0.55
0.41
0.32
0.35
Triple, Low-e2 1/2" + argon
0.52
0.38
0.30
0.32
Triple, Low-e1 1/2" + argon
0.51
0.37
0.29
0.31
1
Subtract 0.02 from the listed default U-factor for nonaluminum spacer. Acceptable spacer materials may
include but is not limited to fiberglass, wood and butyl or other material with an equivalent thermal
performance.
2
1/4" = a minimum dead air space of 0.25 inches between the panes of glass.
3
Low-e4 (emissivity) shall be 0.4 or less.
4
U-factors listed for argon shall consist of sealed, gas-filled insulated units for argon, CO2, SF6, and
argon/SF6 mixtures. The following conversion factor shall apply to Krypton gas-filled units: 1/4" or
greater with krypton is equivalent to 1/2" argon.
5
Reserved.
6
"Glass block” assemblies may use a U-factor of 0.51.
7
Insulated fiberglass framed products shall use wood/vinyl U-factors.
8
Subtract 0.02 from the listed default values for solariums.
9
Aluminum Thermal Break = An aluminum thermal break framed window shall incorporate the following
minimum design characteristics:
a)
The thermal conductivity of the thermal break material shall be not more than 3.6 Btu-in/h/ft2/F°;
b)
The thermal break material must produce a gap in the frame material of not less than 0.210 inches; and,
c)
All metal framing members of the products exposed to interior and exterior air shall incorporate a
10
Aluminum clad wood windows shall use the U-factors listed for Aluminum Clad Wood/Reinforced Vinyl
windows. Vinyl clad wood window shall use the U-factors listed for Wood/Vinyl windows. Any vinyl
frame window with metal reinforcement in more than one rail shall use the U-factors listed for Aluminum
Clad Wood/Reinforced Vinyl window.
Group R Occupancy: DEFAULT U-FACTORS FOR DOORS
Door Type
No
Single
Double
Double
Double
SWINGING DOORS (Rough opening - 38 in. x 82 in.)
Slab Doors
Wood slab in wood framea
0.46
6% glazing (22 in. x 8 in. lite)
-
0.48
0.47
0.46
0.44
25% glazing (22 in. x 36 in. lite)
-
0.58
0.48
0.46
0.42
45% glazing (22 in. x 64 in. lite)
-
0.69
0.49
0.46
0.39
More than 50% glazing
Use Table 10-6A
Insulated steel slab with wood edge in
wood framea
0.16
6% glazing (22 in. x 8 in. lite)
-
0.21
0.20
0.19
0.18
25% glazing (22 in. x 36 in. lite)
-
0.39
0.28
0.26
0.23
45% glazing (22 in. x 64 in. lite)
-
0.58
0.38
0.35
0.26
More than 50% glazing
Use Table 10-6A
Foam insulated steel slab with metal edge in
steel frameb
0.37
6% glazing (22 in. x 8 in. lite)
-
0.44
0.42
0.41
0.39
25% glazing (22 in. x 36 in. lite)
-
0.55
0.50
0.48
0.44
45% glazing (22 in. x 64 in. lite)
-
0.71
0.59
0.56
0.48
More than 50% glazing
Use Table 10-6A
Cardboard honeycomb slab with metal edge
in steel frameb
0.61
Style and Rail Doors
Sliding glass doors/French doors
Use Table 10-6A
Site-Assembled Style and Rail Doors
Aluminum in aluminum frame
-
1.32
0.99
0.93
0.79
Aluminum in aluminum frame with thermal
break
-
1.13
0.80
0.74
0.63
REVOLVING DOORS (Rough opening - 82 in. x 84 in.)
Aluminum in aluminum frame
Open
-
1.32
-
-
-
Closed
-
0.65
-
-
-
SECTIONAL OVERHEAD DOORS (Nominal - 10 ft x 10 ft)
Uninsulated steel (nominal U = 1.15)c
1.15
-
-
-
-
Insulated steel (nominal U = 0.11)c
0.24
-
-
-
-
Insulated steel with thermal break (nominal
U = 0.08)c
0.13
-
-
-
-
a.
Thermally broken sill (add 0.03 for nonthermally broken sill)
b.
Nonthermally broken sill
c.
Nominal U-factors are through the center of the insulated panel before consideration of thermal bridges
around the edges of the door sections and due to the frame.
Group R Occupancy: DEFAULT U-FACTORS FOR GLAZED DOORS
See Table 10-6C
| Frame Type | ||||
| Aluminum | Aluminum | Reinforced | Wood or Vinyl- | |
| without | with | Vinyl/ | Clad Wood/ | |
| Thermal | Thermal | Aluminum-Clad | Vinyl without | |
| Glazing Type | Break | Break | Wood or Vinyl | Reinforcing |
| Single Glazing | ||||
| glass | U-1.58 | U-1.51 | U-1.40 | U-1.18 |
| acrylic/polycarb | U-1.52 | U-1.45 | U-1.34 | U-1.11 |
| Double Glazing | ||||
| air | U-1.05 | U-0.89 | U-0.84 | U-0.67 |
| argon | U-1.02 | U-0.86 | U-0.80 | U-0.64 |
| Double Glazing, e = 0.20 | ||||
| air | U-0.96 | U-0.80 | U-0.75 | U-0.59 |
| argon | U-0.91 | U-0.75 | U-0.70 | U-0.54 |
| Double Glazing, e = 0.10 | ||||
| air | U-0.94 | U-0.79 | U-0.74 | U-0.58 |
| argon | U-0.89 | U-0.73 | U-0.68 | U-0.52 |
| Double Glazing, e = 0.05 | ||||
| air | U-0.93 | U-0.78 | U-0.73 | U-0.56 |
| argon | U-0.87 | U-0.71 | U-0.66 | U-0.50 |
| Triple Glazing | ||||
| air | U-0.90 | U-0.70 | U-0.67 | U-0.51 |
| argon | U-0.87 | U-0.69 | U-0.64 | U-0.48 |
| Triple Glazing, e = 0.20 | ||||
| air | U-0.86 | U-0.68 | U-0.63 | U-0.47 |
| argon | U-0.82 | U-0.63 | U-0.59 | U-0.43 |
| Triple Glazing, e = 0.20 on 2 surfaces | ||||
| air | U-0.82 | U-0.64 | U-0.60 | U-0.44 |
| argon | U-0.79 | U-0.60 | U-0.56 | U-0.40 |
| Triple Glazing, e = 0.10 on 2 surfaces | ||||
| air | U-0.81 | U-0.62 | U-0.58 | U-0.42 |
| argon | U-0.77 | U-0.58 | U-0.54 | U-0.38 |
| Quadruple Glazing, e = 0.10 on 2x surfaces |
||||
| air | U-0.78 | U-0.59 | U-0.55 | U-0.39 |
| argon | U-0.74 | U-0.56 | U-0.52 | U-0.36 |
| krypton | U-0.70 | U-0.52 | U-0.48 | U-0.32 |
| 1. | U-factors are applicable to both glass and plastic, flat and domed units, all spacers and gaps. |
| 2. | Emissivities shall be less than or equal to the value specified. |
| 3. | Gap fill shall be assumed to be air unless there is a minimum of 90% argon or krypton. |
| 4. | Aluminum frame with thermal break is as defined in footnote 9 to Table 10-6B. |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-1006, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02; 01-03-010, § 51-11-1006, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, § 51-11-1006, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27, 19.27A and 34.05 RCW. 94-05-059, § 51-11-1006, filed 2/10/94, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-1006, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]
1132.1 Building Envelope: Alterations or repairs shall comply
with nominal R-values and glazing requirements in Table 13-1
or 13-2.
Other tenant improvements, alterations or repairs where
60 percent or more of the fixtures ((
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010,
§ 51-11-1132, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, §
51-11-1132, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory
Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-1132, filed
10/18/93, effective 4/1/94.]
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010,
§ 51-11-1322, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01. Statutory
Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-1322, filed
10/18/93, effective 4/1/94.]
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010,
§ 51-11-1331, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, §
51-11-1331, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory
Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-1331, filed
10/18/93, effective 4/1/94.] align="center" Equation 13-1: the proposed roof over attic area, and the gross roof over attic area minus Aograt. proposed overhead glazing area in roofs over attics, and the maximum allowed glazing area from Table 13-1 or 13-2. the proposed other roof area, and the gross other roof area minus Aogort. the proposed overhead glazing area in other roofs, and the maximum allowed glazing area from Table 13-1 or 13-2 minus Aograt. proposed opaque above grade wall area, and the gross exterior above grade wall area minus Adt minus Avgt. the proposed vertical glazing area, and the maximum allowed glazing area from Table 13-1 or 13-2 minus Aograt minus Aogort. EQUATION 13-2 EQUATION 13-3 EQUATION 13-4
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Storm windows installed over existing glazing.
2. Glass replaced in existing sash and frame provided that glazing is of equal or lower U-factor.
3. For solar heat gain coefficient compliance, glazing with a solar heat gain coefficient equal to or
lower than that of the other existing glazing.
4. Existing roof/ceiling, wall or floor cavities exposed during construction provided that these cavities
are insulated to full depth with insulation having a minimum nominal value of R-3.0 per inch installed
per Sections 1311 and 1313.
5. Existing walls and floors without framing cavities, provided that any new cavities added to existing
walls and floors comply with Exception 4.
6. Existing roofs where the roof membrane is being replaced and
a. The roof sheathing or roof insulation is not exposed; or
b. If there is existing roof insulation below the deck.
In no case shall the energy efficiency of the building be decreased.
1132.2 Building Mechanical Systems: Those parts of systems
which are altered or replaced shall comply with Chapter 14 of
this Code.
1132.3 Lighting and Motors: Where the use in a space changes
from one use in Table 15-1 to another use in Table 15-1, the
installed lighting wattage shall comply with Section 1521 or
1531.in a use)) in a space
enclosed by walls or ceiling-height partitions (as defined in
Table 15-1) within a tenant space or in an entire floor
(((whichever is smaller))) are new shall comply with Sections
1531 and 1532. Where less than 60 percent of the fixtures in
a space enclosed by walls or ceiling-height partitions are
new, the installed lighting wattage shall be maintained or
reduced. Where 60 percent or more of the lighting fixtures in
a suspended ceiling are new, and the existing insulation is on
the suspended ceiling, the roof/ceiling assembly shall be
insulated according to the provisions of Chapter 13 Section
1311.2.
Where new wiring is being installed to serve added
fixtures and/or fixtures are being relocated to a new circuit,
controls shall comply with Sections 1513.1 through 1513.5 and,
as applicable, 1513.7. In addition, office areas less than
300 ft2 enclosed by walls or ceiling-height partitions, and all
meeting and conference rooms, and all school classrooms, shall
be equipped with occupancy sensors that comply with Sections
1513.6 and 1513.7. Where a new lighting panel (or a moved
lighting panel) with all new raceway and conductor wiring from
the panel to the fixtures is being installed, controls shall
((comply with)) also comply with the other requirements in
Sections 1513.6 and 1513.7.
Where new walls or ceiling-height partitions are added to
an existing space and create a new enclosed space, but the
lighting fixtures are not being changed, other than being
relocated, the new enclosed space shall have controls that
comply with Sections 1513.1 through 1513.2, 1513.4, and 1513.6
through 1513.7.
Those motors which are altered or replaced shall comply
with Section 1511.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 01-03-010, filed 1/5/01,
effective 7/1/01)
WAC 51-11-1322
Opaque envelope.
Roof/ceilings, opaque
exterior walls, opaque doors, floors over unconditioned space,
below grade walls, slab on grade floors, and radiant floors
enclosing conditioned spaces shall be insulated according to
Section 1311 and Tables 13-1 or 13-2. Compliance with nominal
R-values shall be demonstrated for the thermal resistance of
the added insulation in framing cavities and/or insulated
sheathing only. Nominal R-values shall not include the
thermal transmittance of other building materials or air
films.
For metal frame assemblies used in spaces with electric
resistance space heat, compliance shall be demonstrated with
the component U-factor for the overall assembly based on the
assemblies in Chapter 10.
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Opaque smoke vents are not required to meet insulation requirements.
2. ((
The perimeter edge of an above grade floor slab which penetrates the exterior wall may be left
uninsulated provided that the wall insulation is increased by R-2 above)) For prescriptive compliance
only.
a. For glazing areas that are 30% and less of the gross wall area, the insulation of the perimeter edge of
an above grade floor slab which penetrates the exterior wall may be reduced to R-5 provided the glazing
U-factor is reduced by U-0.05 below that required in Tables 13-1 and 13-2.
b. For glazing areas that exceed 30% of the gross wall area, the perimeter edge of an above grade floor
slab which penetrates the exterior wall may be left uninsulated provided that the glazing U-factor is
reduced by U-0.10 below that required in Tables 13-1 and 13-2.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 01-03-010, filed 1/5/01,
effective 7/1/01)
WAC 51-11-1331
General.
Buildings or structures whose
design heat loss rate (UAp) and solar heat gain coefficient
rate (SHGC*Ap) are less than or equal to the target heat loss
rate (UAt) and solar heat gain coefficient rate (SHGC*At) shall
be considered in compliance with this section. The stated
U-factor, F-factor or allowable area of any component
assembly, listed in Tables 13-1 or 13-2, such as roof/ceiling,
opaque wall, opaque door, glazing, floor over conditioned
space, slab on grade floor, radiant floor or opaque floor may
be increased and the U-factor or F-factor for other components
decreased, provided that the total heat gain or loss for the
entire building envelope does not exceed the total resulting
from compliance to the U-factors, F-factors or allowable areas
specified in this section.
((
EXCEPTION:For buildings or structures utilizing the other space heat type (including heat pumps and VAV)
compliance path, for the gross opaque wall, opaque door and glazing (vertical and overhead) area only,
compliance may also be shown using the ENVSTD diskette version 2.1 of ASHRAE/IESNA Standard
90.1-1989, or an approved alternative, with the following additional requirements:
1. Only the Exterior Wall Requirements portion of the ENVSTD computer program may be used under
this exception.
2. Overhead glazing shall be added to vertical glazing, and shall be input as 1/4 north, 1/4 east, 1/4
south and 1/4 west facing.
3. Lighting loads shall be determined according to Table 15-1.
4. Equipment loads shall be determined from Table 3-1 of Standard RS-29.))
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 01-03-010, filed 1/5/01,
effective 7/1/01)
WAC 51-11-1334
Solar heat gain coefficient rate
calculations.
Solar heat gain coefficient shall comply with
Section 1323.3. The target SHGCAt and the proposed SHGCAp
shall be calculated using Equation 13-3 and 13-4 and the
corresponding areas and SHGCs from Table 13-1 or 13-2.
Target UA[t]
align="center"UAt
=
UratArat + UogratAograt + UortAort + UogortAogort + UwtAwt + UvgtAvgt + UdtAdt + UftAft + FstPst + UbgwtAbgwt
UAt
=
The target combined specific heat transfer of the gross roof/ceiling assembly, exterior wall and
floor area.
Where:
Urat
=
The thermal transmittance value for roofs over attics found in Table 13-1 or 13-2.
Uograt
=
The thermal transmittance for overhead glazing found in Table 13-1 or 13-2 which corresponds to
the proposed total glazing area as a percent of gross exterior wall area.
Uort
=
The thermal transmittance value for other roofs found in Table 13-1 or 13-2.
Uogort
=
The thermal transmittance for overhead glazing found in Table 13-1 or 13-2 which corresponds to
the proposed total glazing area as a percent of gross exterior wall area.
Uwt
=
The thermal transmittance value for opaque walls found in Table 13-1 or 13-2.
Uvgt
=
The thermal transmittance value for vertical glazing found in Table 13-1 or 13-2 which
corresponds to the proposed total glazing area as a percent of gross exterior wall area.
Udt
=
The thermal transmittance value for opaque doors found in Table 13-1 or 13-2.
Uft
=
The thermal transmittance value for floors over unconditioned space found in Table 13-1 or 13-2.
Fst
=
The F-factor for slab-on-grade and radiant slab floors found in Table 13-1 or 13-2.
Ubgwt
=
The thermal transmittance value for opaque walls found in Table 13-1 or 13-2.
Adt
=
The proposed opaque door area, Ad.
Aft
=
The proposed floor over unconditioned space area, Af.
Pst
=
The proposed lineal feet of slab-on-grade and radiant slab floor perimeter, Ps.
Abgwt
=
The proposed below grade wall area, Abgw.
and;
if the total amount of glazing area as a percent of gross exterior wall area does not exceed the maximum allowed in
Table 13-1 or 13-2:
Arat
=
The proposed roof over attic area, Ara.
Aograt
=
The proposed overhead glazing area in roofs over attics, Aogra.
Aort
=
The proposed other roof area, Aor.
Aogort
=
The proposed overhead glazing area in other roofs, Aogor.
Awt
=
The proposed opaque above grade wall area, Aw.
Avgt
=
The proposed vertical glazing area, Avg.
or;
if the total amount of glazing area as a percent of gross exterior wall area exceeds the maximum allowed in Table
13-1 or 13-2:
Arat
=
The greater of:
Aograt
=
The lesser of:
Aort
=
The greater of:
Aogort
=
The lesser of:
Awt
=
The greater of:
Avgt
=
The lesser of:
Proposed UAp
align="center"UAp
=
UraAra+UorAor+UogAog+UwAw+UdAd+UvgAvg+UfAf+FsPs+UbgwAbgw
Where:
UAp
=
The combined proposed specific heat transfer of the gross exterior wall, floor and
roof/ceiling assembly area.
Ura
=
The thermal transmittance of the roof over attic area.
Ara
=
Opaque roof over attic area.
Uor
=
The thermal transmittance of the other roof area.
Aor
=
Opaque other roof area.
Uog
=
The thermal transmittance for the overhead glazing
Aog
=
Overhead glazing area.
Uw
=
The thermal transmittance of the opaque wall area.
Aw
=
Opaque above grade wall area (not including opaque doors).
Uvg
=
The thermal transmittance of the vertical glazing area.
Avg
=
Vertical glazing area.
Ud
=
The thermal transmittance value of the opaque door area.
Ad
=
Opaque door area.
Uf
=
The thermal transmittance of the floor over unconditioned space area.
Af
=
Floor area over unconditioned space.
Fs
=
Slab-on-grade or radiant floor component F-factor.
Ps
=
Lineal feet of slab-on-grade or radiant floor perimeter.
Ubgw
=
The thermal transmittance value of the below grade wall area.
Abgw
=
Below grade wall area as defined in Tables 13-1 or 13-2.
NOTE: Where more than one type of wall, window, roof/ceiling, door and skylight is used, the U and A terms for
those items shall be expanded into sub-elements as:
Uw1Aw1+Uw2Aw2+Uw3Aw3+...etc.
Target SHGCAt
SHGCAt
=
SHGCt (Aograt + Aogort + Avgt)
Where:
SHGCAt
=
The target combined specific heat gain of the target glazing area.
SHGCt
=
The solar heat gain coefficient for glazing found in Table 13-1 or 13-2 which corresponds to the
proposed total glazing area as a percent of gross exterior wall area, and
Aograt, Aogort, and Avgt are defined under Equation 13-1.
align="center"
Proposed SHGCAp
SHGCAp
=
SHGCogAog + SHGCvgAvg
Where:
SHGCAt
=
The combined proposed specific heat gain of the proposed glazing area.
SHGCog
=
The solar heat gain coefficient of the overhead glazing.
Aog
=
The overhead glazing area.
SHGCvg
=
The solar heat gain coefficient of the vertical glazing.
Avg
=
The vertical glazing area.
BUILDING ENVELOPE REQUIREMENTS FOR CLIMATE ZONE 1
MINIMUM INSULATION R-VALUES OR
MAXIMUM COMPONENT U-FACTORS FOR ZONE 1
| Space Heat Type | Components | |||||
| Roofs Over Attic |
All Other Roofs | Opaque Walls1,2 | Opaque Doors | Floor Over Uncond Space |
Slab On Grade5 | |
| 1. Electric resistance heat** | R-38 or U = 0.031 | R-30 or U = 0.034 | R-19 or U = 0.062 | U = 0.60 | R-30 or U = 0.029 | R-10 or F = 0.54 |
| 2. All others including Heat pumps and VAV | R-30 or U = 0.036 |
R-21 or (( |
(( U= 0.14)) (a) Metal framing: R-19 or U =0.109 (b) Wood framing and framing other than metal: R-19 or U = 0.062 |
U = 0.60 | R-19 or U = 0.056 | R-10 or F = 0.54 |
| ** | Compliance with nominal prescriptive R-values requires wood framing. |
MAXIMUM GLAZING SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENTS
FOR ZONE 1
| (( Area as % of Wall |
||||||||||||
U-Factor |
U-Factor |
U-Factor |
U-Factor |
|||||||||
| Maximum Glazing Area as % of Wall |
0% to 30% | >30% to 45% | ||||
| Maximum U-Factor |
Max. SHGC4 | Maximum U-Factor |
Max. SHGC4 | |||
| VG | OG | VG | OG | |||
| 1. Electric resistance heat | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.40 | PRESCRIPTIVE PATH NOT ALLOWED | ||
| 2. All others including heat pumps and VAV | 0.55 | 0.70 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.60 | 0.40 |
| Footnotes | |
| 1. | Below Grade Walls: |
| When complying by the prescriptive approach, Section 1322: |
| a) | Walls insulated on the interior shall use opaque wall values, |
| b) | Walls insulated on the exterior shall use a minimum of R-10 insulation, |
| c) | Walls shall be insulated for the first 10 feet below grade. (There shall be no credit for those portions of below
grade walls and footings that are more than 10 feet below grade, and (( |
| When complying by the component performance approach, Section 1331: |
| a) | Walls insulated on the interior shall use the opaque wall values when determining Ubgwt, |
| b) | Walls insulated on the exterior shall use a target U-factor of U = 0.070 for Ubgwt, |
| c) | The calculations shall include the first 10 feet of walls below grade. (Those portions of below grade walls and
footings that are more than 10 feet below grade(( |
| 2. | Concrete Masonry Walls: If the area weighted heat capacity of the total opaque above grade wall is a minimum of 9.0
Btu/ft2•°F, then (( |
| a. The area weighted average U-factor may be increased to U-0.15 maximum, or minimum additional R-5.7 continuous insulation uninterrupted by framing; or | |
| b. The wall may be ASTM C90 concrete block walls, ungrouted or partially grouted at 32 in. or less on center vertically and 48 in. or less on center horizontally, with ungrouted cores filled with material having a maximum thermal conductivity of 0.44 Btu-in/h•ft2•°F. | |
| – Individual walls with heat capacities less than 9.0 Btu/ft2•°F and below grade walls shall meet opaque wall requirements listed above. | |
| – Glazing shall comply with the glazing requirements listed above. |
| (( Area as % of Wall |
||||||||||||
U-Factor |
U-Factor |
U-Factor |
U-Factor |
|||||||||
| 3. | (( |
| 4. | SHGC (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient per Section 1312.2): May substitute Maximum Shading Coefficient (SC) for SHGC (See Chapter 2 for definition of Shading Coefficient). |
| 5. | Radiant Floors: Where insulation is required under the entire slab, radiant floors shall use a minimum of R-10 insulation or F= 0.55 maximum. Where insulation is not required under the entire slab, radiant floors shall use R-10 perimeter insulation according to Section 1311.6 or F= 0.78 maximum. |
BUILDING ENVELOPE REQUIREMENTS
FOR CLIMATE ZONE 2
MINIMUM INSULATION R-VALUES OR
MAXIMUM COMPONENT U-FACTORS FOR ZONE 2
| Space Heat Type | Components | |||||
| Roofs Over Attic |
All Other Roofs | Opaque Walls1,2 | Opaque Doors | Floor Over Uncond Space |
Slab On Grade | |
| 1. Electric resistance heat** | R-38 or U = 0.031 |
R-30 or U = 0.034 |
R-24 or U = 0.044 |
U = 0.60 | R-30 or U = 0.029 |
R-10 or F = 0.54 |
| 2. All others including Heat pumps and VAV | R-38 or U = 0.031 |
R-25 or (( |
(( U = 0.11)) (a) Metal framing: R-13 cavity insul. +R-3.8 continuous insul. or U = 0.084 (b) Wood framing and framing other than metal: R-19 or U = 0.062 |
U = 0.60 | R-21 or U = 0.047 |
R-10 or F = 0.54 |
| ** | Compliance with nominal prescriptive R-values requires wood framing. |
MAXIMUM GLAZING SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENTS
FOR ZONE 2
| (( Area as % of Wall |
||||||||||||
U-Factor |
U-Factor |
U-Factor |
U-Factor |
|||||||||
| Maximum Glazing Area as % of Wall |
0% to 30% | >30% to 45% | ||||
| Maximum U-Factor |
Max. SHGC4 | Maximum U-Factor |
Max. SHGC4 | |||
| VG | OG | VG | OG | |||
| 1. Electric resistance heat | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.40 | PRESCRIPTIVE PATH NOT ALLOWED | ||
| 2. All others including heat pumps and VAV | 0.55 | 0.70 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.60 | 0.40 |
| Footnotes | |
| 1. | Below Grade Walls: |
| When complying by the prescriptive approach, Section 1322: |
| a) | Walls insulated on the interior shall use opaque wall values, |
| b) | Walls insulated on the exterior shall use a minimum of R-12 insulation, |
| c) | Walls shall be insulated for the first 10 feet below grade. (There shall be no credit for insulating those portions of
below grade walls and footings that are more than 10 feet below grade, and (( |
| When complying by the component performance approach, Section 1331: |
| a) | Walls insulated on the interior shall use the opaque wall values when determining Ubgwt, |
| b) | Walls insulated on the exterior shall use a target U-factor of U= 0.061 for Ubgwt, |
| c) | The calculations shall include the first 10 feet of walls below grade. (Those portions of below grade walls and
footings that are more than 10 feet below grade(( |
| 2. | Concrete Masonry Walls: If the area weighted heat capacity of the total opaque above grade wall is a minimum of 9.0
Btu/ft2•°F, then the U-factor may be increased to (( |
| – Individual walls with heat capacities less than 9.0 Btu/ft2•°F and below grade walls shall meet opaque wall requirements listed above. | |
| – Glazing shall comply with the (( |
| (( Area as % of Wall |
||||||||||||
U-Factor |
U-Factor |
U-Factor |
U-Factor |
|||||||||
| 3. | (( |
| 4. | SHGC (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient per Section 1312.2): May substitute Maximum Shading Coefficient (SC) for SHGC (See Chapter 2 for definition of Shading Coefficient). |
| 5. | Radiant Floors: Where insulation is required under the entire slab, radiant floors shall use a minimum of R-10 insulation or F= 0.55 maximum. Where insulation is not required under the entire slab, radiant floors shall use R-10 perimeter insulation according to Section 1311.6 or F= 0.78 maximum. |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010, § 51-11-1334, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, § 51-11-1334, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-1334, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94.]
Reviser's note: The brackets and enclosed material in the text of the above section occurred in the copy filed by the agency and appear in the Register pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.08.040.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 02-01-112, filed 12/18/01,
effective 7/1/02)
WAC 51-11-1413
Economizers.
1413.1 Operation: Air economizers shall be capable of
automatically modulating outside and return air dampers to
provide 100 percent of the design supply air as outside air to
reduce or eliminate the need for mechanical cooling. Air
economizers shall be used for RS-29 analysis base case for all
systems without exceptions in Sections 1413, 1423, or 1433.
Water economizers shall be capable of providing the total
concurrent cooling load served by the connected terminal
equipment lacking airside economizer, at outside air
temperatures of 45°F dry-bulb/40°F wet-bulb and below. For
this calculation, all factors including solar and internal
load shall be the same as those used for peak load
calculations, except for the outside temperatures.
| EXCEPTION: | Water economizers using air-cooled heat rejection equipment may use a 35°F dry-bulb outside air temperature for this calculation. This exception is limited to a maximum of 20 tons per building. |
1. Maximum outside air conditions for which economizer is
sized to provide full cooling.
2. Design cooling load to be provided by economizer at this outside air condition.
3. Heat rejection and terminal equipment performance data including model number, flow rate, capacity, entering and leaving temperature in full economizer cooling mode.
1413.3 Integrated Operation: The HVAC system and its controls
shall allow economizer operation when mechanical cooling is
required simultaneously. Air and water economizers shall be
capable of providing partial cooling even when additional
mechanical cooling is required to meet the remainder of the
cooling load.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112,
§ 51-11-1413, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02. Statutory
Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-1413, filed
10/18/93, effective 4/1/94.] a. Cooling units installed outdoors or in a mechanical
room adjacent to outdoors having a (( b. Other cooling units with a total cooling capacity
greater than 54,000 Btu/h, including those serving computer
server rooms, electronic equipment, radio equipment, and
telephone switchgear.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112,
§ 51-11-1423, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02; 01-03-010, §
51-11-1423, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, §
51-11-1423, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory
Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-1423, filed
10/18/93, effective 4/1/94.]
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112,
§ 51-11-1433, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02; 01-03-010, §
51-11-1433, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, §
51-11-1433, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory
Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-1433, filed
10/18/93, effective 4/1/94.]
1413.4 Humidification: If an air economizer is required on a
cooling system for which humidification equipment is to be
provided to maintain minimum indoor humidity levels, then the
humidifier shall be of the adiabatic type (direct evaporative
media or fog atomization type) ((EXCEPTIONS:
1. Individual, direct expansion units that have a rated capacity less than 65,000 Btu/h and use
nonintegrated economizer controls that preclude simultaneous operation of the economizer and
mechanical cooling.
2. Water-cooled water chillers with waterside economizer.
that cools return air while
humidifying outside air while in economizer. If a water
economizer or no economizer is provided, the isothermal type
of humidifier may be used (steam injection, gas, electric
resistance or infrared generator type that uses new energy to
boil moisture to be added))).
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Health care facilities where WAC 246-320-525 allows only steam injection humidifiers in ductwork
downstream of final filters.
2. Systems with water economizer.
3. 100% outside air systems with no provisions for air recirculation to the central supply fan.
4. Nonadiabatic humidifiers cumulatively serving no more than 10% of a building's air economizer
capacity as measured in cfm. This refers to the system cfm serving rooms with stand alone or duct
mounted humidifiers.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 02-01-112, filed 12/18/01,
effective 7/1/02)
WAC 51-11-1423
Economizers.
Economizers meeting the
requirements of Section 1413 shall be installed on ((single
package unitary fan-)):supply capacity of
greater than 1,900 cfm or a)) total cooling capacity greater
than ((54,000)) 20,000 Btu/h including those serving computer
server rooms, electronic equipment, radio equipment, telephone
switchgear; and
The total capacity of all units without economizers
(i.e., those units with a total cooling capacity less than a.
and b. above) shall not exceed 240,000 Btu/h per building, or
10% of its aggregate cooling (economizer) capacity, whichever
is greater. That portion of the equipment serving Group R
Occupancy is not included in determining the total capacity of
all units without economizers in a building.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 02-01-112, filed 12/18/01,
effective 7/1/02)
WAC 51-11-1433
Economizers.
Air economizers meeting the
requirements of Section 1413 shall be provided on all new
systems including those serving computer server rooms,
electronic equipment, radio equipment, telephone switchgear.
EXCEPTIONS:
1. ((
Single package unitary fan-cooling units installed outdoors or in a mechanical room adjacent to
outdoors with a total cooling capacity less than 20,000 Btu/h. Other single package unitary
fan-cooling units with a total cooling capacity less than 54,000 Btu/h. The total capacity of all such
systems without economizers shall not exceed 240,000 Btu/h per building, or 10% of its air economizer
capacity, whichever is greater. That portion of the equipment serving Group R Occupancy is not
included in determining the total capacity of all units without economizers in a building.))
High-efficiency cooling units with EER values more than 10% higher than minimum efficiencies listed
in Tables 14-1A, 14-1B and 14-1D, in the appropriate size category, using the same test procedures.
The total capacity of all systems without economizers shall not exceed 480,000 Btu/h per building, or
20% of its air economizer capacity, whichever is greater. That portion of the equipment serving
Group R Occupancy is not included in determining the total capacity of all units without economizers
in a building. This exception shall not be used for RS-29 analysis nor include unitary cooling equipment
installed outdoors nor in a mechanical room adjacent to outdoors.
2. Water-cooled refrigeration equipment provided with a water economizer meeting the requirements
of Section 1413. Water economizer capacity per building shall not exceed 500 tons. This exception
shall not be used for RS-29 analysis.
3. Systems for which at least 75% of the annual energy used for mechanical cooling is provided from
site-recovery or site-solar energy source.
4. Systems where special outside air filtration and treatment, for the reduction and treatment of unusual
outdoor contaminants, makes an air economizer infeasible.
5. Systems that affect other systems (such as dehumidification and supermarket refrigeration systems)
so as to increase the overall building energy consumption. New humidification equipment shall comply
with Section 1413.4.
6. Systems complying with all of the following criteria:
a. Consist of multiple water source heat pumps connected to a common water loop;
b. Have a minimum of 60% air economizer;
c. Have water source heat pumps with an EER at least 15% higher for cooling and a COP at least 15%
higher for heating than that specified in Section 1411;
d. Where provided, have a central boiler or furnace efficiency of:
i. 90% minimum for units up to 199,000 Btu/h; and
ii. 85% minimum for units above 199,000 Btu/h input; and
e. Provide heat recovery with a minimum 50% heat recovery effectiveness as defined in Section 1436
to preheat the outside air supply.
7. For Group R Occupancy, cooling units installed outdoors or in a mechanical room adjacent to
outdoors with a total cooling capacity less than 20,000 Btu/h and other cooling units with a total
cooling capacity less than 54,000 Btu/h.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 02-01-112, filed 12/18/01,
effective 7/1/02)
WAC 51-11-1454
Pool covers.
Heated pools shall be
equipped with a vapor retardant pool cover on or at the water
surface. Pools heated to more than 90 degrees F shall have a
pool cover with a minimum insulation value of R-12.
Unitary Air Conditioners and Condensing Units, Electrically Operated, Minimum Efficiency Requirements
| Equipment Type | Size Category | Sub-Category or Rating Condition | Minimum Efficiencyb | Test Procedurea |
| Air Conditioners, Air Cooled | < 65,000 Btu/hd | Split System | ARI 210/240 | |
| Before January 23, 2006 | 10.0 SEER | |||
| After January 23, 2006 | 12.0 SEER | |||
| Single Package | ||||
| Before January 23, 2006 | 9.7 SEER | |||
| After January 23, 2006 | 12.0 SEER | |||
| ≥ 65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h |
Split System and Single Package |
10.3 EERc | ||
| ≥ 135,000 Btu/h and < 240,000 Btu/h |
Split System and Single Package |
9.7 EERc | ARI 340/360 | |
| ≥ 240,000 Btu/h and < 760,000 Btu/h |
Split System and Single Package |
9.5 EERc 9.7 IPLVc |
||
| ≥ 760,000 Btu/h | Split System and Single Package |
9.2 EERc 9.4 IPLVc |
||
| Through-the-Wall, Air Cooled | < 30,000 Btu/hd | Split System | ARI 210/240 | |
| Before January 23, 2006 | 10.0 SEER | |||
| After January 23, 2006 | 10.9 SEER | |||
| Single Package | ||||
| Before January 23, 2006 | 9.7 SEER | |||
| After January 23, 2006 | 10.6 SEER | |||
| Small-Duct High-Velocity, Air Cooled | < 65,000 Btu/hd | Split System | 10.0 SEER | ARI 210/240 |
| Air Conditioners, Water and Evaporatively Cooled | < 65,000 Btu/h | Split System and Single Package |
12.1 EER | ARI 210/240 |
| ≥ 65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h |
Split System and Single Package |
11.5 EERc | ||
| ≥ 135,000 Btu/h and ≤ 240,000 Btu/h |
Split System and Single Package |
11.0 EERc | ARI 340/360 | |
| > 240,000 Btu/h | Split System and Single Package |
11.0 EERc 10.3 IPLVc |
||
| Condensing Units, Air Cooled | ≥ 135,000 Btu/h | 10.1 EER 11.2 IPLV |
ARI 365 | |
| Condensing Units, Water or Evaporatively Cooled | ≥ 135,000 Btu/h | 13.1 EER 13.1 IPLV |
||
| a Reserved. b IPLVs are only applicable to equipment with capacity modulation. c Deduct 0.2 from the required EERs and IPLVs for units with a heating section other than electric resistance heat. d Single-phase air-cooled air-conditioners < 65,000 Btu/h are regulated by NAECA. SEER values are those set by NAECA. |
||||
Unitary and Applied Heat Pumps, Electrically Operated, Minimum Efficiency Requirements
| Equipment Type | Size Category | Sub-Category or Rating Condition | Minimum Efficiencyb | Test Procedurea |
| Air Cooled, (Cooling Mode) | < 65,000 Btu/hd | Split System | ARI 210/240 | |
| Before January 23, 2006 | 10.0 SEER | |||
| After January 23, 2006 | 12.0 SEER | |||
| Single Package | ||||
| Before January 23, 2006 | 9.7 SEER | |||
| After January 23, 2006 | 12.0 SEER | |||
| ≥ 65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h |
Split System and Single Package |
10.1 EERc | ||
| ≥ 135,000 Btu/h and < 240,000 Btu/h |
Split System and Single Package |
9.3 EERc | ARI 340/360
|
|
| ≥ 240,000 Btu/h | Split System and Single Package |
9.0 EERc 9.2 IPLVc |
||
| Through-the-Wall (Air Cooled, Cooling Mode) | < 30,000 Btu/hd | Split System | ARI 210/240 | |
| Before January 23, 2006 | 10.0 SEER | |||
| After January 23, 2006 | 10.9 SEER | |||
| Single Package | ||||
| Before January 23, 2006 | 9.7 SEER | |||
| After January 23, 2006 | 10.6 SEER | |||
| Small-Duct High-Velocity (Air Cooled, Cooling Mode) | < 65,000 Btu/hd | Split System | 10.0 SEER | ARI 210/240 |
| Water-Source (Cooling Mode) |
< 17,000 Btu/h | 86°F Entering Water | 11.2 EER | ARI/ISO-13256-1 |
| ≥ 17,000 Btu/h and < 65,000 Btu/h |
86°F Entering Water | 12.0 EER | ARI/ISO-13256-1 | |
| ≥ 65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h |
86°F Entering Water | 12.0 EER | ARI/ISO-13256-1 | |
| Groundwater-Source (Cooling Mode) | < 135,000 Btu/h | 59°F Entering Water | 16.2 EER | ARI/ISO-13256-1 |
| Ground Source (Cooling Mode)
|
< 135,000 Btu/h | 77°F Entering Water | 13.4 EER | ARI/ISO-13256-1 |
| Air Cooled (Heating Mode) |
< 65,000 Btu/hd (Cooling Capacity) |
Split System | ARI 210/240 | |
| Before January 23, 2006 | 6.8 HSPF | |||
| After January 23, 2006 | 7.4 HSPF | |||
| Single Package | ||||
| Before January 23, 2006 | 6.6 HSPF | |||
| After January 23, 2006 | 7.4 HSPF | |||
| ≥ 65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h (Cooling Capacity) |
47°F db/43°F wb
Outdoor Air 17°F db/15°F wb Outdoor Air |
3.2 COP
|
||
| ≥ 135,000 Btu/h (Cooling Capacity) |
47°F db/43°F wb
Outdoor Air 17°F db/15°F wb Outdoor Air |
3.1 COP
|
ARI 340/360
|
|
| Through-the-Wall (Air Cooled, Heating Mode) | < 30,000 Btu/hd | Split System | ARI 210/240 | |
| Before January 23, 2006 | 6.8 HSPF | |||
| After January 23, 2006 | 7.1 HSPF | |||
| Single Package | ||||
| Before January 23, 2006 | 6.6 HSPF | |||
| After January 23, 2006 | 7.0 HSPF | |||
| Small-Duct High-Velocity (Air Cooled, Heating Mode) | < 65,000 Btu/hd | Split System | 6.8 HSPF | ARI 210/240 |
| Water-Source (Heating Mode) |
< 135,000 Btu/h (Cooling Capacity) |
68°F Entering Water | 4.2 COP | ARI/ISO-13256-1 |
| Groundwater-Source (Heating Mode) |
< 135,000 Btu/h (Cooling Capacity) |
50°F Entering Water | 3.6 COP | ARI/ISO-13256-1 |
| Ground Source (Heating Mode) |
< 135,000 Btu/h (Cooling Capacity) |
32°F Entering Water | 3.1 COP | ARI/ISO-13256-1 |
| a Reserved. b IPLVs and part load rating conditions are only applicable to equipment with capacity modulation. c Deduct 0.2 from the required EERs and IPLVs for units with a heating section other than electric resistance heat. d Single-phase air-cooled heat pumps < 65,000 Btu/h are regulated by NAECA. SEER and HSPF values are those set by NAECA. |
||||
Water Chilling Packages, Minimum Efficiency Requirements
| Equipment Type | Size Category | Sub-Category or Rating Condition | Minimum Efficiencyb |
Test Procedurea |
| Air Cooled, With Condenser, Electrically Operated |
All Capacities | 2.80 COP 3.05 IPLV |
ARI 550/590 | |
| Air Cooled, Without Condenser, Electrically Operated |
All Capacities | 3.10 COP 3.45 IPLV |
||
| Water Cooled, Electrically
Operated, Positive
Displacement (Reciprocating) |
All Capacities | 4.20 COP 5.05 IPLV |
ARI 550/590 | |
| Water Cooled, Electrically Operated, Positive Displacement (Rotary Screw and Scroll) |
< 150 Tons | 4.45 COP 5.20 IPLV |
ARI 550/590 | |
| ≥ 150 Tons and < 300 Tons |
4.90 COP 5.60 IPLV |
|||
| ≥ 300 Tons | 5.50 COP 6.15 IPLV |
|||
| Water Cooled, Electrically Operated, Centrifugal | < 150 Tons | 5.00 COP 5.25 IPLV |
ARI 550/590 | |
| ≥ 150 Tons and < 300 Tons |
5.55 COP 5.90 IPLV |
|||
| ≥ 300 Tons | 6.10 COP 6.40 IPLV |
|||
| Air Cooled Absorption Single Effect |
All Capacities | 0.60 COP |
|
|
| Water Cooled Absorption Single Effect |
All Capacities | 0.70 COP | ||
| Absorption Double Effect, Indirect-Fired |
All Capacities | 1.00 COP 1.05 IPLV |
ARI 560 | |
| Absorption Double Effect, Direct-Fired |
All Capacities | 1.00 COP 1.00 IPLV |
||
| a Reserved. b The chiller equipment requirements do not apply for chillers used in low temperature applications where the design leaving fluid temperature is less than or equal to 40°F. |
||||
Packaged Terminal Air Conditioners, Packaged Terminal Heat Pumps, Room Air Conditioners, and Room Air Conditioner Heat Pumps, Electrically Operated, Minimum Efficiency Requirements
| Equipment Type | Size Category (Input) | Sub-Category or Rating Condition | Minimum Efficiencyb |
Test Procedurea |
| PTAC (Cooling Mode) New Construction |
All Capacities | 95°F db Outdoor Air | 12.5 - (0.213 x Cap/1000)b EER |
|
| PTAC (Cooling Mode) Replacementsc | All Capacities | 95°F db Outdoor Air | 10.9 - (0.213 x Cap/1000)b EER | ARI 310/380 |
| PTHP (Cooling Mode) New Construction |
All Capacities | 95°F db Outdoor Air | 12.3 - (0.213 x Cap/1000)b EER | |
| PTHP (Cooling Mode) Replacementsc |
All Capacities | 95°F db Outdoor Air | 10.8 - (0.213 x Cap/1000)b EER | |
| PTHP (Heating Mode) New Construction |
All Capacities |
|
3.2 - (0.026 x Cap/1000)b COP | |
| PTHP (Heating Mode) Replacementsc |
All Capacities | 2.9 - (0.026 x Cap/1000)b COP |
|
|
| SPVAC (Cooling Mode) | All Capacities | 95°F db/75°F wb Outdoor Air | 8.6 EER | ARI-390 |
| SPVHP (Cooling Mode) | All Capacities | 95°F db/75°F wb Outdoor Air | 8.6 EER | |
| SPVAC (Heating Mode) | All Capacities | 47°F db/43°F wb Outdoor Air | 2.7 COP | |
| Room Air Conditioners, with Louvered Sides | < 6,000 Btu/h | 9.7 EER | ANSI/AHAM RAC-1 | |
| ≥ 6,000 Btu/h and < 8,000 Btu/h |
9.7 EER | |||
| ≥ 8,000 Btu/h and < 14,000 Btu/h |
9.8 EER | |||
| ≥ 14,000 Btu/h
and < 20,000 Btu/h |
9.7 EER | |||
| ≥ 20,000 Btu/h | 8.5 EER | |||
| Room Air Conditioners, without Louvered Sides | < 8,000 Btu/h | 9.0 EER | ||
| ≥ 8,000 Btu/h and < 20,000 Btu/h |
8.5 EER | |||
| ≥ 20,000 Btu/h | 8.5 EER | |||
| Room Air Conditioner Heat Pumps with Louvered Sides | < 20,000 Btu/h | 9.0 EER | ||
| ≥ 20,000 Btu/h | 8.5 EER | |||
| Room Air Conditioner Heat Pumps without Louvered Sides | < 14,000 Btu/h | 8.5 EER | ||
| ≥ 14,000 Btu/h | 8.0 EER | |||
| Room Air Conditioner, Casement Only | All Capacities | 8.7 EER | ||
| Room Air Conditioner, Casement –Slider | All Capacities | 9.5 EER | ||
| a Reserved. b Cap means the rated cooling capacity of the product in Btu/h. If the unit's capacity is less than 7000 Btu/h, use 7000 Btu/h in the calculation. If the unit's capacity is greater than 15,000 Btu/h, use 15,000 Btu/h in the calculation. c Replacement units must be factory labeled as follows: "MANUFACTURED FOR REPLACEMENT APPLICATIONS ONLY; NOT TO BE INSTALLED IN NEW CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS." Replacement efficiencies apply only to units with existing sleeves less than 16-in. high and less than 42-in. wide. d Casement room air conditioners are not separate product classes under current minimum efficiency column. e New room air conditioner standards, covered by NAECA became effective October 1, 2000. |
||||
Warm Air Furnaces and Combination Warm Air Furnaces/Air-Conditioning Units, Warm Air Duct Furnaces and Unit Heaters, Minimum Efficiency Requirements
| Equipment Type | Size Category (Input) | Sub-Category or Rating Condition | Minimum Efficiencyb | Test Procedurea |
| Warm Air Furnace, Gas-Fired |
< 225,000 Btu/h (66 kW) |
78% AFUE or 80% Etc |
DOE 10 CFR Part 430 or ANSI Z21.47 |
|
| ≥ 225,000 Btu/h (66 kW) |
Maximum Capacityc
|
80% Ecf | ANSI Z21.47 | |
| Warm Air Furnace, Oil-Fired |
< 225,000 Btu/h (66 kW) |
78% AFUE or
|
DOE 10 CFR Part
430 or UL 727 |
|
| ≥ 225,000 Btu/h (66 kW) |
Maximum Capacityb
|
81% Etg ____
|
UL 727 | |
| Warm Air Duct Furnaces, Gas-Fired |
All Capacities | Maximum Capacityb
|
80% Ece ____
|
ANSI Z83.9 |
| Warm Air Unit Heaters, Gas-Fired |
All Capacities | Maximum Capacityb
|
80% Ece ____
|
ANSI Z83.8
|
| Warm Air Unit Heaters, Oil-Fired |
All Capacities | Maximum Capacityb
|
80% Ece ____
|
UL 731 |
| a Reserved. b Minimum and maximum ratings as provided for and allowed by the unit's controls. c Combination units not covered by NAECA (3-phase power or cooling capacity greater than or equal to 65,000 Btu/h [19 kW]) may comply with either rating. d Et = Thermal efficiency. See test procedure for detailed discussion. e Ec = Combustion efficiency (100% less flue losses). See test procedure for detailed discussion. f Ec = Combustion efficiency. Units must also include an IID, have jacket losses not exceeding 0.75% of the input rating, and have either power venting or a flue damper. A vent damper is an acceptable alternative to a flue damper for those furnaces where combustion air is drawn from the conditioned space. g Et = Thermal efficiency. Units must also include an IID, have jacket losses not exceeding 0.75% of the input rating, and have either power venting or a flue damper. A vent damper is an acceptable alternative to a flue damper for those furnaces where combustion air is drawn from the conditioned space. |
||||
Boilers, Gas- and Oil-Fired, Minimum Efficiency Requirements
| Equipment Typef | Size Category | Sub-Category or Rating Condition | Minimum Efficiencyb | Test Procedure |
| Boilers, Gas-Fired | < 300,000 Btu/h | Hot Water | 80% AFUE | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 |
| Steam | 75% AFUE | |||
| ≥ 300,000 Btu/h and ≤ 2,500,000 Btu/h | Maximum Capacityb | 75% Et | H.I. Htg Boiler Std |
|
| > 2,500,000 Btu/hf | Hot Water | 80% Ec | ||
| > 2,500,000 Btu/hf | Steam | 80% Ec | ||
| Boilers, Oil-Fired | < 300,000 Btu/h | 80% AFUE | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 |
|
| ≥ 300,000 Btu/h and ≤ 2,500,000 Btu/h | Maximum Capacityb | 78% Et | H.I. Htg Boiler Std |
|
| > 2,500,000 Btu/hf | Hot Water | 83% Ec | ||
| > 2,500,000 Btu/hf | Steam | 83% Ec | ||
| Oil-Fired (Residual) | ≥ 300,000 Btu/h
and ≤ 2,500,000 Btu/h |
Maximum Capacityb | 78% Et | H.I. Htg Boiler Std |
| > 2,500,000 Btu/hf | Hot Water | 83% Ec | ||
| > 2,500,000 Btu/hf | Steam | 83% Ec | ||
| a Reserved. b Minimum and maximum ratings as provided for and allowed by the unit's controls. c Ec = Combustion efficiency (100% less flue losses). See reference document for detailed information. d Et = Thermal efficiency. See reference document for detailed information. e Alternate test procedures used at the manufacturer's option are ASME PTC-4.1 for units over 5,000,000 Btu/h input, or ANSI Z21.13 for units greater than or equal to 300,000 Btu/h and less than or equal to 2,500,000 Btu/h input. f These requirements apply to boilers with rated input of 8,000,000 Btu/h or less that are not packaged boilers, and to all packaged boilers. Minimum efficiency requirements for boilers cover all capacities of packaged boilers. |
||||
Performance Requirements for Heat Rejection Equipment
| Equipment Type | Total System Heat Rejection Capacity at Rated Conditions | Sub-Category or Rating Condition | Minimum Efficiencyb | Test Procedurec |
| Propeller or Axial Fan Cooling Towers | All | 95°F (35°C) Entering Water 85°F (29°C) Leaving Water 75°F (24°C) wb Outdoor Air |
≥38.2 gpm/hp | CTI ATC-105 and CTI STD-201 |
| Centrifugal Fan Cooling Towers | All | 95°F (35°C) Entering Water 85°F (29°C) Leaving Water 75°F (24°C) wb Outdoor Air |
≥ 20.0 gpm/hp | CTI ATC-105 and CTI STD-201 |
| Air Cooled Condensers | All | 125°F (52°C) Condensing
Temperature R22 Test Fluid 190°F (88°C) Entering Gas Temperature 15°F (8°C) Subcooling 95°F (35°C) Entering Drybulb |
≥176,000 Btu/h•hp | ARI 460 |
| a For purposes of this table, cooling tower performance is defined as the maximum flow rating of the tower divided
by the fan nameplate rated motor power. b For purposes of this table air-cooled condenser performance is defined as the heat rejected from the refrigerant divided by the fan nameplate rated motor power. c Reserved. |
||||
TABLE 14-4
Energy Efficient Electric Motors
Minimum Nominal Full-Load Efficiency
| Open Motors | Closed Motors | |||||
| Synchronous Speed (RPM) |
3,600 | 1,800 | 1,200 | 3,600 | 1,800 | 1,200 |
| HP | Efficiency | Efficiency | Efficiency | Efficiency | Efficiency | Efficiency |
| 1.0 | - | 82.5 | 80.0 | 75.5 | 82.5 | 80.0 |
| 1.5 | 82.5 | 84.0 | 84.0 | 82.5 | 84.0 | 85.5 |
| 2.0 | 84.0 | 84.0 | 85.5 | 84.0 | 84.0 | 86.5 |
| 3.0 | 84.0 | 86.5 | 86.5 | 85.5 | 87.5 | 87.5 |
| 5.0 | 85.5 | 87.5 | 87.5 | 87.5 | 87.5 | 87.5 |
| 7.5 | 87.5 | 88.5 | 88.5 | 88.5 | 89.5 | 89.5 |
| 10.0 | 88.5 | 89.5 | 90.2 | 89.5 | 89.5 | 89.5 |
| 15.0 | 89.5 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 90.2 | 91.0 | 90.2 |
| 20.0 | 90.2 | 91.0 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 91.0 | 90.2 |
| 25.0 | 91.0 | 91.7 | 91.7 | 91.0 | 92.4 | 91.7 |
| 30.0 | 91.0 | 92.4 | 92.4 | 91.0 | 92.4 | 91.7 |
| 40.0 | 91.7 | 93.0 | 93.0 | 91.7 | 93.0 | 93.0 |
| 50.0 | 92.4 | 93.0 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 93.0 | 93.0 |
| 60.0 | 93.0 | 93.6 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 93.6 | 93.6 |
| 75.0 | 93.0 | 94.1 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 94.1 | 93.6 |
| 100.0 | 93.0 | 94.1 | 94.1 | 93.6 | 94.5 | 94.1 |
| 125.0 | 93.6 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 94.5 | 94.5 | 94.1 |
| 150.0 | 93.6 | 95.0 | 94.5 | 94.5 | 95.0 | 95.0 |
| 200.0 | 94.5 | 95.0 | 94.5 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 |
TABLE 14-5
Duct Insulation
| Duct Type | Duct Location | Insulation R-Value |
Other Requirements |
| Supply, Return | Not within conditioned space: On exterior of building, on roof, in attic, in enclosed ceiling space, in walls, in garage, in crawl spaces | R-7 | Approved weather proof barrier |
| Outside air intake | Within conditioned space | R-7 | See Section 1414.2 |
| Supply, Return, Outside air intake | Not within conditioned space: in concrete, in ground | R-5.3 | |
| Supply with
supply air
temperature
< 55°F or > 105°F |
Within conditioned space | R-3.3 |
| Note: | Requirements apply to the duct type listed, whether heated or mechanically cooled. Mechanically cooled ducts requiring insulation shall have a vapor retarder, with a perm rating not greater than 0.5 and all joints sealed. |
TABLE 14-6
Minimum Pipe Insulation (inches)1
| Fluid Design Operating Temp. Range, °F |
Insulation Conductivity | Nominal Pipe Diameter (in.) | ||||||
| Conductivity Range Btu•in. / (h•ft2•°F) |
Mean Rating Temp. °F |
Runouts2 up to 2 |
1
and less |
> 1 to 2 | > 2 to 4 | > 4 to 6 | > 6 | |
| Heating systems (Steam, Steam Condensate[,] and Hot water) | Nominal Insulation Thickness | |||||||
| Above 350 251-350 201-250 141-200 105-140 |
0.32-0.34 0.29-0.31 0.27-0.30 0.25-0.29 0.24-0.28 |
250 200 150 125 100 |
1.5 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.5 |
2.5 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 |
2.5 2.5 1.5 1.5 1.0 |
3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 |
3.5 3.5 2.0 1.5 1.5 |
3.5 3.5 3.5 1.5 1.5 |
| Domestic and Service Hot Water Systems | ||||||||
| 105 and Greater | 0.24-0.28 | 100 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Cooling Systems (Chilled Water, Brine[,] and Refrigerant) | ||||||||
| 40-55 Below 40 |
0.23-0.27 0.23-0.27 |
75 75 |
0.5 1.0 |
0.5 1.0 |
0.75 1.5 |
1.0 1.5 |
1.0 1.5 |
1.0 1.5 |
| 1. | Alternative Insulation Types. Insulation thicknesses in Table 14-6 are based on insulation with thermal conductivities within the range listed in Table14-6 for each fluid operating temperature range, rated in accordance with ASTM C 335-84 at the mean temperature listed in the table. For insulation that has a conductivity outside the range shown in Table 14-6 for the applicable fluid operating temperature range at the mean rating temperature shown (when rounded to the nearest 0.01 Btu•in./(h•ft2•°F)), the minimum thickness shall be determined in accordance with the following equation: |
| (( |
| Where |
| T = | Minimum insulation thickness for material with conductivity K, inches. |
| PR = | Pipe actual outside radius, inches(( |
| t = | Insulation thickness from Table 14-6, inches |
| K = | conductivity of alternate material at the mean rating temperature indicated in Table 14-6 for the applicable
fluid temperature range, Btu•in(( |
| k = | the lower value of the conductivity range listed in Table 14-6 for the applicable fluid temperature range, Btu
•in(( |
| 2. | Runouts to individual terminal units not exceeding 12 ft. in length. |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-1454, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02; 01-03-010, § 51-11-1454, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, § 51-11-1454, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-1454, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94.]
Reviser's note: The brackets and enclosed material in the text of the above section occurred in the copy filed by the agency and appear in the Register pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.08.040.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 01-03-010, filed 1/5/01,
effective 7/1/01)
WAC 51-11-1513
Lighting controls.
Lighting, including
exempt lighting in Section 1512, shall comply with this
section. Where occupancy sensors are cited, they shall have
the features listed in Section 1513.6.1. Where automatic time
switches are cited, they shall have the features listed in
Section 1513.6.2.
1513.1 Local Control and Accessibility: Each space, enclosed
by walls or ceiling-height partitions, shall be provided with
lighting controls located within that space. The lighting
controls, whether one or more, shall be capable of turning off
all lights within the space. The controls shall be readily
accessible, at the point of entry/exit, to personnel occupying
or using the space.
| EXCEPTIONS: | The following lighting controls may be centralized in remote locations: |
| 1. Lighting controls for spaces which must be used as a whole. | |
| 2. Automatic controls. | |
| 3. Controls requiring trained operators. | |
| 4. Controls for safety hazards and security. |
Contiguous daylight zones adjacent to vertical glazing
are allowed to be controlled by a single controlling device
provided that they do not include zones facing more than two
adjacent cardinal orientations (i.e. north, east, south,
west). Daylight zones under overhead glazing more than 15
feet from the perimeter shall be controlled separately from
daylight zones adjacent to vertical glazing. Automatic time switches shall incorporate an over-ride
switching device which:
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010,
§ 51-11-1513, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01. Statutory
Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-1513, filed
10/18/93, effective 4/1/94.] a. One- or two-lamp (but not three- or more lamp); b. (( c. Fitted with type T-1, T-2, T-4, T-5, (( d. Hard-wired fluorescent electronic dimming ballasts
((
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010,
§ 51-11-1521, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01. Statutory
Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-1521, filed
10/18/93, effective 4/1/94.] TABLE 15-1 (watts/sq.
ft.) 1532
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Industrial or manufacturing process areas, as may be required for production.
2. Areas less than five percent of footprint for footprints over 100,000 square feet.
1513.3 Daylight Zone Control: All daylighted zones, as
defined in Chapter 2, both under overhead glazing and adjacent
to vertical glazing, shall be provided with individual
controls, or daylight-or occupant-sensing automatic controls,
which control the lights independent of general area lighting.
EXCEPTION:
Daylight spaces enclosed by walls or ceiling height partitions and containing 2 or fewer light fixtures
are not required to have a separate switch for general area lighting.
1513.4 Display, Exhibition, and Specialty Lighting Controls:
All display, exhibition, or specialty lighting shall be
controlled independently of general area lighting.
1513.5 Automatic Shut-Off Controls, Exterior: Exterior
lighting not intended for 24-hour continuous use shall be
automatically switched by timer, photocell, or a combination
of timer and photocell. Automatic time switches must also
have program back-up capabilities, which prevent the loss of
program and time settings for at least 10 hours, if power is
interrupted.
1513.6 Automatic Shut-Off Controls, Interior: ((Office))
Buildings greater than 5,000 sq. ft. and all school classrooms
shall be equipped with separate automatic controls to shut off
the lighting during unoccupied hours. Within these buildings,
all office areas less than 300 ft2 enclosed by walls or
ceiling-height partitions, and all meeting and conference
rooms, and all school classrooms, shall be equipped with
occupancy sensors that comply with Section 1513.6.1. For
other spaces, automatic controls may be an occupancy sensor,
time switch, or other device capable of automatically shutting
off lighting.
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Areas that must be continuously illuminated (e.g., 24-hour convenience stores), or illuminated in a
manner requiring manual operation of the lighting.
2. Emergency lighting systems.
3. Switching for industrial or manufacturing process facilities as may be required for production.
4. Hospitals and laboratory spaces.
5. Areas in which medical or dental tasks are performed are exempt from the occupancy sensor
requirement.
1513.6.1 Occupancy Sensors: Occupancy sensors shall be
capable of automatically turning off all the lights in an
area, no more than 30 minutes after the area has been vacated.
Light fixtures controlled by occupancy sensors shall have a
wall-mounted, manual switch capable of turning off lights when
the space is occupied.
1513.6.2 Automatic Time Switches: Automatic time switches
shall have a minimum 7 day clock and be capable of being set
for 7 different day types per week and incorporate an
automatic holiday "shut-off" feature, which turns off all
loads for at least 24 hours and then resumes normally
scheduled operations. Automatic time switches shall also have
program back-up capabilities, which prevent the loss of
program and time settings for at least 10 hours, if power is
interrupted.
a.
Is readily accessible;
b.
Is located so that a person using the device can see
the lights or the areas controlled by the switch, or
so that the area being illuminated is annunciated;
and
c.
Is manually operated;
d.
Allows the lighting to remain on for no more than
two hours when an over-ride is initiated; and
e.
Controls an area not exceeding 5,000 square feet or
5 percent of footprint for footprints over 100,000
square feet, whichever is greater.
1513.7 Commissioning Requirements: For lighting controls
which include daylight or occupant sensing automatic controls,
automatic shut-off controls, occupancy sensors, or automatic
time switches, the lighting controls shall be tested to ensure
that control devices, components, equipment and systems are
calibrated, adjusted and operate in accordance with approved
plans and specifications. Sequences of operation shall be
functionally tested to ensure they operate in accordance with
approved plans and specifications. A complete report of test
procedures and results shall be prepared and filed with the
owner. Drawing notes shall require commissioning in
accordance with this paragraph.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 01-03-010, filed 1/5/01,
effective 7/1/01)
WAC 51-11-1521
Prescriptive interior lighting
requirements.
Spaces for which the Unit Lighting Power
Allowance in Table 15-1 is 0.8 watts per square foot or
greater may use unlimited numbers of lighting fixtures and
lighting energy, provided that the installed lighting fixtures
comply with all four of the following criteria:Nonlensed, fluorescent fixtures;)) Luminaires have a
reflector or louver assembly to direct the light (bare lamp
strip or industrial fixtures do not comply with this section);T-6,)) T-8 or
compact fluorescent lamps from 5 to ((50)) 60 watts (but not
T-10 or T-12 lamps); and()) with photocell or programmable dimming control for all
lamps in all zones (nondimming electronic ballasts and
electronic ballasts that screw into medium base sockets do not
comply with this section).
Track lighting is not allowed under this path.
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Up to a total of 5 percent of installed lighting fixtures ((
need not be ballasted and)) may use any
type of ((lamp)) ballasted lamp and do not require dimming controls.
2. Clear safety lenses are allowed in food prep and serving areas and patient care areas in otherwise
compliant fixtures.
3. Exit lights are not included in the count of fixtures provided that they do not exceed 5 watts per
fixture and are light emitting diode (LED) type or T-1 fluorescent type only. (See the Uniform Fire
Code for face illumination footcandle requirements and other requirements.)
4. LED lights other than exit lights addressed by exception 3.
5. Metal halide lighting which complies with all three of the following criteria:
i. Luminaires or lamps which have a reflector or louver assembly to direct the light;
ii. Fixtures are fitted with ceramic metal halide lamps not exceeding 150 watts; and
iii. Electronic ballasts.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 04-01-106, filed 12/17/03,
effective 7/1/04)
WAC 51-11-1532
Exterior lighting power allowance.
The
exterior lighting power allowance shall be the sum of the
calculated allowances for parking, outdoor areas and building
exteriors. The lighting allowance for covered parking, open
parking and outdoor areas that are illuminated shall be 0.20
watts per square foot. The lighting allowance for building
exteriors shall be calculated either by multiplying the
building facade area by 0.25 watts per square foot or
multiplying the building perimeter in feet by 7.5 watts per
linear foot.
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Group U Occupancy accessory to Group R-3 or R-4 Occupancy.
2. For covered parking, 0.30 w/sf may be used for the lighting provided that the ceilings and walls are
painted or stained with a reflectance value of 0.70 or higher.
Unit Lighting Power Allowance (LPA)Use1
LPA2
Painting, welding, carpentry, machine shops
2.3
Barber shops, beauty shops
2.0
Hotel banquet/conference/exhibition hall3,4
2.0
Laboratories (See also office and other
appropriate categories)
((
2.0)) 1.8
Aircraft repair hangars
1.5
Cafeterias, fast food establishments5
1.5
Factories, workshops, handling areas
1.5
Gas stations, auto repair shops6
1.5
Institutions
1.5
Libraries5
1.5
Nursing homes and hotel/motel guest rooms
1.5
Retail10, retail banking
1.5
Wholesale stores (pallet rack shelving)
1.5
Mall concourses
1.4
Schools buildings (Group E Occupancy only),
school classrooms, day care centers
1.35
Laundries
((
1.3)) 1.20Medical offices, clinics12
1.20
Office buildings, office/administrative areas in
facilities of other use types (including but
not limited to schools, hospitals,
institutions, museums, banks, churches)5,7,11
((
1.2)) 1.00Police and fire stations8
((
1.2)) 1.00
Atria (atriums)
1.0
Assembly spaces9, auditoriums, gymnasia9,
theaters
1.0
Group R-1 and R-2 common areas
1.0
Process plants
1.0
Restaurants/bars5
1.0
Locker and/or shower facilities
0.8
Warehouses11, storage areas
0.5
Aircraft storage hangars
0.4
Parking garages
See Section
Plans Submitted for Common Areas Only7
Main floor building lobbies3 (except mall
concourses)
1.2
Common areas, corridors, toilet facilities and
washrooms, elevator lobbies
0.8
2. The watts per square foot may be increased, by two percent per foot of ceiling height above twenty feet, unless specifically directed otherwise by subsequent footnotes.
3. Watts per square foot of room may be increased by two percent per foot of ceiling height above twelve feet.
4. For all other spaces, such as seating and common areas, use the Unit Light Power Allowance for assembly.
5. Watts per square foot of room may be increased by two percent per foot of ceiling height above nine feet.
6. ((Includes pump area under canopy.)) See Section 1532 for
exterior lighting.
7. ((In cases in which a lighting plan is submitted for only
a portion of a floor, a Unit Lighting Power Allowance of
1.35 may be used for usable office floor area and 0.80
watts per square foot shall be used for the common areas,
which may include elevator space, lobby area and rest
rooms. Common areas, as herein defined do not include
mall concourses.)) For conference rooms and offices less
than 150 ft2 with full-height partitions, a Unit Lighting
Power Allowance of 1.20 W/ft2 may be used.
8. For the fire engine room, the Unit Lighting Power Allowance is 1.0 watts per square foot.
9. For indoor sport tournament courts with adjacent spectator seating, the Unit Lighting Power Allowance for the court area is 2.6 watts per square foot.
10. Display window illumination installed within 2 feet of
the window, provided that the display window is separated
from the retail space by walls or at least
three-quarter-height partitions (transparent or opaque)
and lighting for free-standing display where the lighting
moves with the display((, and building showcase
illumination where the lighting is enclosed within the
showcase)) are exempt.
An additional 1.5 w/ft2 of merchandise display luminaires are exempt provided that they comply with all three of the following:
(a) Located on ceiling-mounted track or directly on or
recessed into the ceiling itself (not on the wall).
(b) Adjustable in both the horizontal and vertical axes
(vertical axis only is acceptable for fluorescent and
other fixtures with two points of track attachment).
(c) Fitted with LED, tungsten halogen, fluorescent, or
high intensity discharge lamps.
This additional lighting power is allowed only if the
lighting is actually installed.
11. Provided that a floor plan, indicating rack location and height, is submitted, the square footage for a warehouse may be defined, for computing the interior Unit Lighting Power Allowance, as the floor area not covered by racks plus the vertical face area (access side only) of the racks. The height allowance defined in footnote 2 applies only to the floor area not covered by racks.
12. Medical and clinical offices include those facilities
which, although not providing overnight patient care, do
provide medical, dental, or psychological examination and
treatment. These spaces include, but are not limited to,
laboratories and treatment centers.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-1532, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010, § 51-11-1532, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-1532, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94.]