WACs > Title 51 > Chapter 51-11

Print Version | [In English]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0100
Chapter 1 — Administration and enforcement.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0100, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0101
Section 101 — Scope and general requirements.

  

     101.1 Title: Chapters 1 through 10 of this Code shall be known as the "Washington State Single-Family Residential Energy Code" and may be cited as such; and will be referred to herein as "this Code."


     101.2 Purpose and Intent: The purpose of this Code is to provide minimum standards for new or altered buildings and structures or portions thereof to achieve efficient use and conservation of energy.


     The purpose of this Code is not to create or otherwise establish or designate any particular class or group of persons who will or should be especially protected or benefitted by the terms of this Code.


     It is intended that these provisions provide flexibility to permit the use of innovative approaches and techniques to achieve efficient use and conservation of energy. These provisions are structured to permit compliance with the intent of this Code by any one of the following three paths of design:


     1. A systems analysis approach for the entire building and its energy-using sub-systems which may utilize renewable energy sources, Chapters 4 and 9.


     2. A component performance approach for various building elements and mechanical systems and components, Chapters 5 and 9.


     3. A prescriptive requirements approach, Chapters 6 and 9.


     Compliance with any one of these approaches meets the intent of this Code. This Code is not intended to abridge any safety or health requirements required under any other applicable codes or ordinances.


     The provisions of this Code do not consider the efficiency of various energy forms as they are delivered to the building envelope. A determination of delivered energy efficiencies in conjunction with this Code will provide the most efficient use of available energy in new building construction.


     101.3 Scope: This Code sets forth minimum requirements for the design of new buildings and structures that provide facilities or shelter for residential occupancies by regulating their exterior envelopes and the selection of their mechanical systems, domestic water systems, electrical distribution and illuminating systems, and equipment for efficient use and conservation of energy.


     Buildings shall be designed to comply with the requirements of either Chapter 4, 5, or 6 of this Code and the additional energy efficiency requirements included in Chapter 9 of this Code.


     Spaces within the scope of Section R101.2 of the International Residential Code shall comply with Chapters 1 through 10 of this Code. All other spaces, including other Group R Occupancies, shall comply with Chapters 11 through 20 of this Code. Chapter 2 (Definitions), Chapter 7 (Standards), and Chapter 10 (default heat loss coefficients), are applicable to all building types.


     101.3.1 Exempt Buildings: Buildings and structures or portions thereof meeting any of the following criteria shall be exempt from the building envelope requirements of Sections 502 and 602, but shall comply with all other requirements for mechanical systems and domestic water systems.


     101.3.1.1: Buildings and structures or portions thereof whose peak design rate of energy usage is less than three and four tenths (3.4) Btu/h per square foot or one point zero (1.0) watt per square foot of floor area for space conditioning requirements.


     101.3.1.2: Buildings and structures or portions thereof which are neither heated according to the definition of heated space in Chapter 2, nor cooled by a nonrenewable energy source, provided that the nonrenewable energy use for space conditioning complies with requirements of Section 101.3.1.1.


     101.3.1.3: Greenhouses isolated from any conditioned space and not intended for occupancy.


     101.3.1.4: The provisions of this code do not apply to the construction, alteration, or repair of temporary worker housing except as provided by rule adopted under chapter 70.114A RCW or chapter 37, Laws of 1998 (SB 6168). "Temporary worker housing" means a place, area, or piece of land where sleeping places or housing sites are provided by an employer for his or her employees or by another person, including a temporary worker housing operator, who is providing such accommodations for employees, for temporary, seasonal occupancy, and includes "labor camps" under RCW 70.54.110.


     101.3.2 Application to Existing Buildings: Additions, historic buildings, changes of occupancy or use, and alterations or repairs shall comply with the requirements in the subsections below.

EXCEPTION:

The building official may approve designs of alterations or repairs which do not fully conform with all of the requirements of this Code where in the opinion of the building official full compliance is physically impossible and/or economically impractical and:

	1. The alteration or repair improves the energy efficiency of the building; or
	2. The alteration or repair is energy efficient and is necessary for the health, safety, and welfare of the general public.

In no case, shall building envelope requirements or mechanical system requirements be less than those requirements in effect at the time of the initial construction of the building.

     101.3.2.1 Additions to Existing Buildings: Additions to existing buildings or structures may be made to such buildings or structures without making the entire building or structure comply, provided that the new additions shall conform to the provisions of this Code.

EXCEPTION:

New additions which do not fully comply with the requirements of this Code and which have a floor area which is less than seven hundred fifty square feet shall be approved provided that improvements are made to the existing occupancy to compensate for any deficiencies in the new addition. Compliance shall be demonstrated by either systems analysis or component performance calculations. The nonconforming addition and upgraded, existing occupancy shall have an energy budget or Target UA which is less than or equal to the unimproved existing building (minus any elements which are no longer part of the building envelope once the addition is added), with the addition designed to comply with this Code.

     101.3.2.2 Historic Buildings: The building official may modify the specific requirements of this Code for historic buildings and require in lieu thereof alternate requirements which will result in a reasonable degree of energy efficiency. This modification may be allowed for those buildings which have been specifically designated as historically significant by the state or local governing body, or listed in The National Register of Historic Places or which have been determined to be eligible for listing.


     101.3.2.3 Change of Occupancy or Use:


     Any space not within the scope of Section 101.3 which is converted to space that is within the scope of Section 101.3 shall be brought into full compliance with this Code.


     101.3.2.4 Alterations and Repairs: All alterations and repairs to buildings or portions thereof originally constructed subject to the requirements of this Code shall conform to the provisions of this Code without exception. For all other existing buildings, initial tenant alterations shall comply with the new construction requirements of this Code. Other alterations and repairs may be made to existing buildings and moved buildings without making the entire building comply with all of the requirements of this Code for new buildings, provided the requirements of Sections 101.3.2.5 through 101.3.2.8 are met.


     101.3.2.5 Building Envelope: The result of the alterations or repairs both:


     1. Improves the energy efficiency of the building, and


     2. Complies with the overall average thermal transmittance values of the elements of the exterior building envelope in Table 5-1 of Chapter 5 or the nominal R-values and glazing requirements of the reference case in Tables 6-1 and 6-2.

EXCEPTIONS:	1. Untested storm windows may be installed over existing glazing for an assumed U-factor of 0.90, however, where glass and sash are being replaced, glazing shall comply with the appropriate reference case in Tables 6-1 and 6-2.
	2. Where the structural elements of the altered portions of roof/ceiling, wall or floor are not being replaced, these elements shall be deemed to comply with this Code if all existing framing cavities which are exposed during construction are filled to the full depth with batt insulation or insulation having an equivalent nominal R-value. 2x4 framed walls shall be insulated to a minimum of R-15 and 2x6 framed walls shall be insulated to a minimum of R-21. Roof/ceiling assemblies shall maintain the required space for ventilation. Existing walls and floors without framing cavities need not be insulated. Existing roofs shall be insulated to the requirements of this Code if
	a. The roof is uninsulated or insulation is removed to the level of the sheathing, or
	b. All insulation in the roof/ceiling was previously installed exterior to the sheathing or nonexistent.

     101.3.2.6 Mechanical Systems: Those parts of systems which are altered or replaced shall comply with Section 503 of this Code. When a space-conditioning system is altered by the installation or replacement of space-conditioning equipment (including replacement of the air handler, outdoor condensing unit of a split system air conditioner or heat pump, cooling or heating coil, or the furnace heat exchanger), the duct system that is connected to the new or replacement space-conditioning equipment shall be tested as specified in RS-33. The test results shall be provided to the building official and the homeowner.

EXCEPTIONS:	1. Duct systems that are documented to have been previously sealed as confirmed through field verification and diagnostic testing in accordance with procedures in RS-33.
	2. Ducts with less than 40 linear feet in unconditioned spaces.
	3. Existing duct systems constructed, insulated or sealed with asbestos.

     101.3.2.7 Domestic Water Systems: Those parts of systems which are altered or replaced shall comply with section 504.


     101.3.2.8 Lighting: Alterations shall comply with Sections 505 and 1132.3.


     101.3.3 Mixed Occupancy: When a building houses more than one occupancy, each portion of the building shall conform to the requirements for the occupancy housed therein. Where approved by the building official, where minor accessory uses do not occupy more than ten percent of the area of any floor of a building, the major use may be considered the building occupancy.


     101.4 Amendments by Local Government: Except as provided in RCW 19.27A.020(7), this Code shall be the maximum and minimum energy code for single-family residential in each town, city and county.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 12-01-093, § 51-11-0101, filed 12/20/11, effective 4/1/12. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0101, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0101, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-0101, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010, § 51-11-0101, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 98-24-078, § 51-11-0101, filed 12/1/98, effective 7/1/99. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025 and 19.27A.045. 98-03-003, § 51-11-0101, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0101, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0101, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

     Reviser's note:  Notice of Objection: The Joint Administrative Rules Review Committee (Committee) finds that, in adopting the 2009 proposed changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, on November 20, 2009, the State Building Code Council (Council) failed to comply with all requirements of the law and failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional economic impact and cost-benefit analyses prior to adoption.

     On October 1, 2009, the Committee found that the Small Business Economic Impact Statement (SBEIS) for the proposed changes filed with the Code Reviser failed to comply with all requirements of law. The Committee requested that the Council conduct a cost-benefit analysis pursuant to RCW 34.05.328 and amend the SBEIS to provide additional economic impact information, including an estimate of the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with all the proposed rules, as required by RCW 19.85.040 (2)(d).

     The Council provided the Committee with information and data on November 18, 2009. On December 2, 2009, the Committee found that the Council failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional data. Specifically, the Committee found that the Council failed to amend the SBEIS to (a) estimate the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with the proposed changes; and (b) support the SBEIS with a detailed and rigorous costs analysis of the cumulative impact of all the changes. In addition, the Committee found that the Council failed to provide the Committee with a cost-benefit analysis of the proposed changes and pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.05.328.

     The Committee strongly supports a process that makes thoughtful and informed progress towards changes that result in improved energy efficiency in our buildings, wherever practicable. While the Council worked diligently, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council did not fully develop and consider the economic impacts and costs versus benefits of these significant changes to our Energy Code. Furthermore, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council and the Legislature need this information to fully evaluate the value, impacts, and consequences of the proposed codes, with due diligence to their respective fiduciary responsibilities, in order to create the best informed public policy.

     As a result, the Committee recommends that the Governor suspend the adoption and implementation of the changes to the Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, until such time as a more adequate analysis has been completed and considered by the appropriate bodies.

     For all of the above stated reasons, the Committee objects to the changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, that were adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, and hereby directs the Code Reviser, pursuant to RCW 34.05.640(4), to publish this Notice of Objection in the Washington State Register and along with any publication in the Washington Administrative Code of changes to Chapter 51-11 WAC that were adopted by the Council in 2009 and filed with the Code Reviser.

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0102
Materials and equipment.

  


     102.1 Identification: All materials and equipment shall be identified in order to show compliance with this Code.


     102.2 Maintenance Information: Required regular maintenance actions shall be clearly stated and incorporated on a readily accessible label. Such label may be limited to identifying, by title or publication number, the operation and maintenance manual for that particular model and type of product. Maintenance instructions shall be furnished for any equipment which requires preventive maintenance for efficient operation.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0102, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0103
Alternate materials — Method of construction, design or insulating systems.

  The provisions of this Code are not intended to prevent the use of any material, method of construction, design or insulating system not specifically prescribed herein, provided that such construction, design or insulating system has been approved by the building official as meeting the intent of this Code. The building official may approve any such alternate provided he finds the proposed alternate meets or exceeds the provisions of this Code and that the material, method, design or work offered is for the purpose intended, at least the equivalent of that prescribed in this Code, in quality, strength, effectiveness, fire-resistance, durability, safety, and efficient use and conservation of energy. The building official may require that sufficient evidence of proof be submitted to substantiate any claims that may be made regarding performance capabilities.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0103, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0104
Plans and specifications.

  


     104.1 General: If required by the building official, plans and specifications shall be submitted in support of an application for a building permit. If required by the building official, plans and specifications shall be stamped and authenticated by a registered design professional currently licensed in the state of Washington. If required by the building official, all energy calculations submitted under the provisions of Chapter 4 for Other than Group R Occupancy shall be stamped and authenticated by an engineer or architect licensed to practice by the state. All plans and specifications, together with supporting data, shall be submitted to the building official prior to issuance of a building permit.


     104.2 Details: The plans and specifications shall show in sufficient detail all pertinent data and features of the building and the equipment and systems as herein governed including, but not limited to: Design criteria, exterior envelope component materials, U-factors of the envelope systems, R-values of insulating materials, size and type of apparatus and equipment, equipment and systems controls and other pertinent data to indicate compliance with the requirements of this Code.


     The building official may accept the professional stamp of an architect or engineer licensed to do business by the state in lieu of a plan and specification check if the engineer or architect stipulates to the best of his knowledge, understanding and belief, the design meets the requirements of this Code.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025 and 19.27A.045. 98-03-003, § 51-11-0104, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0104, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0105
Inspections and enforcement.

  


     105.1 General: All construction or work for which a permit is required shall be subject to inspection by the building official and all such construction or work shall remain accessible and exposed for inspection purposes until approved by the building official.


     105.2 Approvals Required: No work shall be done on any part of the building or structure beyond the point indicated in each successive inspection without first obtaining the approval of the building official.


     105.2.1 Required Inspections: The building official, upon notification, shall make the following inspection in addition to those inspections required in section 109.3 of the International Building Code:


     1. Wall insulation inspection: To be made after all wall insulation and air vapor retarder sheet or film materials are in place, but before any wall covering is placed.


     105.3 Reinspection: The building official may require a structure to be reinspected.


     105.4 Certificate: A permanent certificate shall be posted within three feet of the electrical distribution panel. The certificate shall be completed by the builder or registered design professional. The certificate shall list the predominant R-values of insulation installed in or on ceiling/roof, walls, foundation (slab, basement wall, crawlspace wall and/or floor), and ducts outside the conditioned spaces; U-factors for fenestration; and the solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of fenestration. Where there is more than one value for each component, the certificate shall list the value covering the largest area. The certificate shall list the type and efficiency of heating, cooling, and service water heating equipment, duct leakage rates including test conditions as specified in Section 503.10.2, and air leakage results if a blower door test was conducted.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0105, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-0105, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27 and 19.27A RCW and 1994 c 226. 95-01-126, § 51-11-0105, filed 12/21/94, effective 6/30/95. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0105, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

     Reviser's note:  Notice of Objection: The Joint Administrative Rules Review Committee (Committee) finds that, in adopting the 2009 proposed changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, on November 20, 2009, the State Building Code Council (Council) failed to comply with all requirements of the law and failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional economic impact and cost-benefit analyses prior to adoption.

     On October 1, 2009, the Committee found that the Small Business Economic Impact Statement (SBEIS) for the proposed changes filed with the Code Reviser failed to comply with all requirements of law. The Committee requested that the Council conduct a cost-benefit analysis pursuant to RCW 34.05.328 and amend the SBEIS to provide additional economic impact information, including an estimate of the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with all the proposed rules, as required by RCW 19.85.040 (2)(d).

     The Council provided the Committee with information and data on November 18, 2009. On December 2, 2009, the Committee found that the Council failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional data. Specifically, the Committee found that the Council failed to amend the SBEIS to (a) estimate the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with the proposed changes; and (b) support the SBEIS with a detailed and rigorous costs analysis of the cumulative impact of all the changes. In addition, the Committee found that the Council failed to provide the Committee with a cost-benefit analysis of the proposed changes and pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.05.328.

     The Committee strongly supports a process that makes thoughtful and informed progress towards changes that result in improved energy efficiency in our buildings, wherever practicable. While the Council worked diligently, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council did not fully develop and consider the economic impacts and costs versus benefits of these significant changes to our Energy Code. Furthermore, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council and the Legislature need this information to fully evaluate the value, impacts, and consequences of the proposed codes, with due diligence to their respective fiduciary responsibilities, in order to create the best informed public policy.

     As a result, the Committee recommends that the Governor suspend the adoption and implementation of the changes to the Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, until such time as a more adequate analysis has been completed and considered by the appropriate bodies.

     For all of the above stated reasons, the Committee objects to the changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, that were adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, and hereby directs the Code Reviser, pursuant to RCW 34.05.640(4), to publish this Notice of Objection in the Washington State Register and along with any publication in the Washington Administrative Code of changes to Chapter 51-11 WAC that were adopted by the Council in 2009 and filed with the Code Reviser.

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0106
Violations.

  It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, or corporation to erect or construct any building, or remodel or rehabilitate any existing building or structure in the state, or allow the same to be done, contrary to or in violation of any of the provisions of this Code.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0106, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0107
Liability.

  Nothing contained in this Code is intended to be nor shall be construed to create or form the basis for any liability on the part of any city or county or its officers, employees or agents for any injury or damage resulting from the failure of a building to conform to the provisions of this Code.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0107, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0108
Conflicts with other codes.

  In addition to the requirements of this Code, all occupancies shall conform to the provisions included in the State Building Code (chapter 19.27 RCW). In case of conflicts among codes enumerated in RCW 19.27.031 (1), (2), (3), and (4) and this Code, the first named code shall govern over the following. Provided, in the case of conflict between the duct insulation requirements of this Code and the duct sealing and insulation requirements of Section 603 and 604 of the State Mechanical Code (chapter 51-52 WAC), the duct insulation requirements of this Code, or where applicable, a local jurisdiction's energy code shall govern.

     Where, in any specific case, different sections of this Code specify different materials, methods of construction or other requirements, the most restrictive shall govern. Where there is a conflict between a general requirement and a specific requirement, the specific requirement shall be applicable. Wherever in this Code reference is made to the appendix, the provisions in the appendix shall not apply unless specifically adopted.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-0108, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04; 02-24-076, § 51-11-0108, filed 12/4/02, effective 5/1/03. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27 and 19.27A RCW and 1994 c 226. 95-01-126, § 51-11-0108, filed 12/21/94, effective 6/30/95. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0108, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0109
Severability.

  If any provision of this Code or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of this Code or the application of the provision to other persons or circumstances is not affected.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0109, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0200
Chapter 2 — Definitions.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0200, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0201
Scope.

  The following definitions shall apply to chapters 1 through 20.


     201.1 Application of Terms: For the purposes of this Code, certain abbreviations, terms, phrases, words and their derivatives, shall be as set forth in this chapter. Where terms are not defined, they shall have their ordinary accepted meanings within the context with which they are used. In the event there is a question about the definition of a term, the definitions for terms in the codes enumerated in RCW 19.27.031 and the edition of Webster's dictionary referenced therein shall be considered as the sources for providing ordinarily accepted meanings.

     Addition: See the Washington State Building Code.

     Advanced framed ceiling: Advanced framing assumes full and even depth of insulation extending to the outside edge of exterior walls. (See Standard Framing and Section 1007.2 of this Code.)

     Advanced framed walls: Studs framed on twenty-four inch centers with double top plate and single bottom plate. Corners use two studs or other means of fully insulating corners, and one stud is used to support each header. Headers consist of double 2X material with R-10 insulation between the header and exterior sheathing. Interior partition wall/exterior wall intersections are fully insulated in the exterior wall. (See Standard Framing and Section 1005.2 of this Code.)

     AFUE. Annual fuel utilization efficiency: Unlike steady state conditions, this rating is based on average usage including on and off cycling as set out in the standardized Department of Energy Test Procedures.

     Air barrier: Material(s) assembled and joined together to provide a barrier to air leakage through the building envelope. An air barrier may be a single material or a combination of materials.

     Air conditioning, comfort: The process of treating air to control simultaneously its temperature, humidity, cleanliness and distribution to meet requirements of the conditioned space.

     Air-impermeable insulation: An insulation having an air permeance equal to or less than 0.02 L/s-m² at 75 Pa pressure differential tested in accordance with ASTM E2178 or ASTM E283.

     AHRI: Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute.

     Approved: Approval by the Code official as a result of investigation and tests conducted by him or her, or by reason of accepted principles, or tests by nationally recognized organizations.

     ASHRAE: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers, Inc.

     ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials

     Automatic: Self-acting, operating by its own mechanism when actuated by some impersonal influence, as for example, a change in current strength, pressure, temperature or mechanical configuration. (See Manual.)

     Below grade walls: (See Walls.)

     Boiler capacity: The rate of heat output in Btu/h measured at the boiler outlet, at the design inlet and outlet conditions and rated fuel/energy input.

     Building entrance: Any doorway, set of doors, turnstile, vestibule, or other form of portal that is ordinarily used to gain access to the building by its users and occupants.

     Building envelope: For single-family residential spaces, the elements of a building which enclose conditioned spaces through which thermal energy may be transferred to or from the exterior or to or from spaces exempted by the provisions of Section 101.3.1. For other spaces, the elements of a building which enclose conditioned spaces through which thermal energy may be transferred to or from the exterior, or to or from unconditioned spaces, or to or from semi-heated spaces, or to or from spaces exempted by the provisions of Section 1301.

     Building, existing: See the Washington State Building Code.

     Building official: The official authorized to act in behalf of a jurisdiction code enforcement agency or its authorized representative.

     Building project: A building or group of buildings, including on-site energy conversion or electric-generating facilities, which utilize a single submittal for a construction permit or are within the boundary of a contiguous area under one ownership.

     Cold storage space: Spaces that are mechanically cooled and designed to be maintained at a temperature below 45°F (7°C) and at or above 28°F (-2.2°C).

     Commissioning: A systematic process of verification and documentation that ensures that the selected building systems have been designed, installed and function properly, efficiently, and can be maintained in accordance with the contract documents in order to satisfy the building owner's design intent and operational requirements.

     Conditioned floor area: (See Gross conditioned floor area.)

     Conditioned space: A cooled space, heated space (fully heated), heated space (semi-heated) or indirectly conditioned space, excluding cold storage spaces and frozen storage spaces.

     Continuous insulation (c.i.): Insulation that is continuous across all structural members without thermal bridges other than fasteners and service openings. It is installed on the interior or exterior or is integral to any opaque surface of the building envelope.

     Cooled space: An enclosed space within a building that is cooled by a cooling system whose sensible capacity

     a. Exceeds 5 Btu/(h•ft²), or

     b. Is capable of maintaining space dry bulb temperature of 90°F or less at design cooling conditions.

     COP - Coefficient of performance: The ratio of the rate of net heat output (heating mode) or heat removal (cooling mode) to the rate of total on-site energy input to the heat pump, expressed in consistent units and under designated rating conditions. (See Net Heat Output, Net Heat Removal, Total On-Site Energy Input.)

     Daylighted zone:

     a. Under overhead glazing: The area under overhead glazing whose horizontal dimension, in each direction, is equal to the overhead glazing dimension in that direction plus either 70 percent of the floor to ceiling height or the dimension to a ceiling height opaque partition, or one-half the distance to adjacent overhead or vertical glazing, whichever is least.

     b. At vertical glazing: The area adjacent to vertical glazing which receives daylighting from the glazing. For purposes of this definition and unless more detailed daylighting analysis is provided, the primary daylighted zone depth extends into the space a distance equal to the window head height and the secondary daylighted zone extends from the edge of the primary zone to a distance equal to two times the window head height, or to the nearest ceiling height opaque partition, whichever is less. The daylighting zone width is assumed to be the width of the window plus either two feet on each side (the distance to an opaque partition) or one-half the distance to adjacent overhead or vertical glazing, whichever is least.

     Daylight sensing control (DS): A device that automatically regulates the power input to electric lighting near the glazing to maintain the desired workplace illumination, thus taking advantage of direct or indirect sunlight.

     Deadband: The temperature range in which no heating or cooling is used.

     Demand control ventilation (DCV): A ventilation system capability that provides for the automatic reduction of outdoor air intake below design rates when the actual occupancy of spaces served by the system is less than design occupancy.

     Design cooling conditions: The temperatures specified in Section 302.

     Design heating conditions: The temperatures specified in Section 302.

     Domestic water system: Supply of hot water and cold water for domestic or commercial purposes other than comfort heating and cooling.

     Door: All operable opening areas, which are not glazing, in the building envelope including swinging and roll-up doors, fire doors, smoke vents and access hatches.

     Door area: Total area of door measured using the rough opening and including the door and frame.

     Dwelling unit: See the Washington State Building Code.

     Economizer, air: A ducting arrangement and automatic control system that allows a cooling supply fan system to supply outside air to reduce or eliminate the need for mechanical refrigeration during mild or cold weather.

     Economizer, water: A system by which the supply air of a cooling system is cooled directly, indirectly or both, by evaporation of water or by other appropriate fluid in order to reduce or eliminate the need for mechanical refrigeration.

     EER. Energy efficiency ratio: The ratio of net equipment cooling capacity in Btu/h to total rate of electric input in watts under designated operating conditions.

     Efficiency, HVAC system: The ratio of useful energy (at the point of use) to the energy input for a designated time period, expressed in percent.

     Emissivity: The ability to absorb infrared radiation. A low emissivity implies a higher reflectance of infrared radiation.

     Energy: The capacity for doing work; taking a number of forms which may be transformed from one into another, such as thermal (heat), mechanical (work), electrical and chemical; in customary units, measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh) or British thermal units (Btu). (See New energy.)

     Energy, recovered: (See Recovered energy.)

     Energy recovery ventilation system: System that employs air-to-air heat exchangers to recover energy from exhaust air for the purpose of preheating, precooling, humidifying or dehumidifying outdoor ventilation air prior to supplying the air to a space, either directly or as part of an HVAC system.

     Exterior envelope: (See Building envelope.)

     F-Factor: The perimeter heat loss factor expressed in Btu/hr•ft•°F.

     F-Value: (See F-Factor.)

     Facade area: Vertical projected area including nonhorizontal roof area, overhangs, cornices, etc. measured in elevation in a vertical plane parallel to the plane of the building face.

     Fenestration: All areas (including the frames) in the building envelope that let in light, including windows, plastic panels, clerestories, skylights, doors that are more than one-half glass, and glass block walls. (See building envelope and door.)

     a. Skylight: A fenestration surface having a slope of less than 60 degrees from the horizontal plane. Other fenestration, even if mounted on the roof of a building, is considered vertical fenestration.

     b. Vertical fenestration: All fenestration other than skylights. Trombe wall assemblies, where glazing is installed within 12 inches of a mass wall, are considered walls, not fenestration. For the purposes of determining building envelope requirements, the vertical fenestration classifications are defined as follows:

     i. Metal framing: Products with metal framing with or without thermal break.

     ii. Metal framing, entrance door: Any doorway, set of doors, turnstile, vestibule, or other form of portal that is ordinarily used to gain access by its users and occupants to the building or to individual tenant spaces accessed from the exterior. (See also building entrance.)

     iii. Metal framing, fixed: All vertical fenestration, other than entrance door and operable, including, but not limited to, curtain walls, window walls, fixed windows, picture windows, glass block walls, nonopenable clerestory windows, and nonopenable sidelites and transoms.

     iv. Metal framing, operable: All vertical fenestration that opens, except entrance doors, including, but not limited to, casement windows, projecting windows, pivoting windows, horizontal sliding windows, vertical sliding windows, openable clerestory windows, openable sidelites and transoms, sliding glass doors, and doors that are not entrance doors.

     v. Nonmetal framing: All products with framing materials other than metal with or without metal reinforcing or cladding.

     Floor, envelope: That lower portion of the building envelope, including opaque area and fenestration, that has conditioned or semiheated space above and is horizontal or tilted at an angle of less than 60 degrees from horizontal but excluding slab-on-grade floors. For the purposes of determining building envelope requirements, the classifications are defined as follows:

     a. Mass floor: A floor with a heat capacity that exceeds 7 Btu/ft²•°F or 5 Btu/ft²•°F provided that the floor has a material unit mass not greater than 120 lb/ft³.

     b. Steel-joist floor: A floor that is not a mass floor and has steel joist members supported by structural members.

     c. Wood-framed and other floors: All other floor types, including wood joist floors. (See also building envelope, fenestration, opaque area and slab-on-grade floor.)

     Floor over unconditioned space: A floor which separates a conditioned space from an unconditioned space which is buffered from exterior ambient conditions including vented crawl spaces and unconditioned basements or other similar spaces, or exposed to exterior ambient conditions including open parking garages and enclosed garages which are mechanically ventilated.

     Frozen storage space: Spaces that are mechanically cooled and designed to be maintained at a temperature below 28°F (-2.2°C).

     Garden window: A multisided glazing product that projects beyond the plane of the wall.

     Glazed wall system: A category of site assembled fenestration products used in the NFRC 100 and NFRC 200 rating procedures that include curtainwalls.

     Glazing: All areas, including the frames, in the shell of a conditioned space that let in natural light including windows, clerestories, skylights, sliding or swinging glass doors and glass block walls.

     Glazing area: Total area of the glazing measured using the rough opening, and including the glazing, sash, and frame. For doors where the daylight opening area is less than 50% of the door area, the glazing area is the daylight opening area. For all other doors, the glazing area is the door area.

     Gross conditioned floor area: The horizontal projection of that portion of interior space which is contained within exterior walls and which is conditioned directly or indirectly by an energy-using system, and which has an average height of five feet or greater, measured from the exterior faces.

     Gross exterior wall area: The normal projection of the building envelope wall area bounding interior space which is conditioned by an energy-using system and which separates conditioned space from: Unconditioned space, or semi-heated space, or exterior ambient conditions or earth; includes opaque wall, vertical glazing and door areas. The gross area of walls consists of all opaque wall areas, including foundation walls, between floor spandrels, peripheral edges of floors, vertical glazing areas and door areas, where such surfaces are exposed to exterior ambient conditions and enclose a conditioned space including interstitial areas between two such spaces. The area of the wall is measured from the top of the floor insulation to the bottom of the roof insulation. (See Below grade wall.)

     Gross floor area: The sum of the areas of the several floors of the building, including basements, cellars, mezzanine and intermediate floored tiers and penthouses of headroom height, measured from the exterior faces of exterior walls or from the center line of walls separating buildings, but excluding: Covered walkways, open roofed-over areas, porches and similar spaces. Pipe trenches, exterior terraces or steps, chimneys, roof overhangs and similar features.

     Gross roof/ceiling area: A roof/ceiling assembly shall be considered as all components of the roof/ceiling envelope through which heat flows, thus creating a building transmission heat loss or gain, where such assembly is exposed to exterior ambient conditions and encloses a conditioned space. The assembly does not include those components that are separated from a heated and/or cooled space by a vented airspace. The gross area of a roof/ceiling assembly consists of the total interior surface of such assembly, including overhead glazing.

     Guest room: See the Washington State Building Code.

     Heat: The form of energy that is transferred by virtue of a temperature difference.

     Heat storage capacity: The physical property of materials (mass) located inside the building envelope to absorb, store, and release heat.

     Heated space (Fully heated): An enclosed space within a building, including adjacent connected spaces separated by an uninsulated component (e.g., basements, utility rooms, garages, corridors), which is heated by a heating system whose output capacity is

     a. Capable of maintaining a space dry-bulb temperature of 45°F or greater at design heating conditions; or

     b. 8 Btu/(h•ft²) or greater in Climate Zone 1 and 12 Btu/(h•ft²) or greater in Climate Zone 2.

     Heated space (Semi-heated): An enclosed space within a building, including adjacent connected spaces separated by an uninsulated component (e.g., basements, utility rooms, garages, corridors), which is heated by a heating system

     a. Whose output capacity is 3 Btu/(h•ft²) or greater in Climate Zone 1 and 5 Btu/(h•ft²) or greater in Climate Zone 2; and

     b. Is not a Heated Space (Fully Heated).

     c. Is not a cold storage space or frozen storage space.

     High efficacy lamps: Compact fluorescent lamps, T-8 or smaller diameter linear fluorescent lamps, or lamps with a minimum efficacy of:

     a. 60 lumens per watt for lamps over 40 watts;

     b. 50 lumens per watt for lamps over 15 watts to 40 watts; and

     c. 40 lumens per watt for lamps 15 watts or less.

     High efficacy luminaire: A lighting fixture that does not contain a medium screw base socket (E24/E26) and whose lamps or other light source have a minimum efficiency of:

     a. 60 lumens per watt for lamps over 40 watts;

     b. 50 lumens per watt for lamps over 15 watts to 40 watts;

     c. 40 lumens per watt for lamps 15 watts or less.

     HSPF. Heating season performance factor: The total heating output (in Btu) of a heat pump during its normal annual usage period for heating divided by the total (watt hour) electric power input during the same period, as determined by test procedures consistent with the U.S. Department of Energy "Test Procedure for Central Air Conditioners, Including Heat Pumps" published in Standard RS-30. When specified in Btu per watt hour an HSPF of 6.826 is equivalent to a COP of 2.0.

     Humidistat: A regulatory device, actuated by changes in humidity, used for automatic control of relative humidity.

     HVAC: Heating, ventilating and air conditioning.

     HVAC system components: HVAC system components provide, in one or more factory-assembled packages, means for chilling and/or heating water with controlled temperature for delivery to terminal units serving the conditioned spaces of the buildings. Types of HVAC system components include, but are not limited to, water chiller packages, reciprocating condensing units and water source (hydronic) heat pumps. (See HVAC system equipment.)

     HVAC system efficiency: (See Efficiency, HVAC system.)

     HVAC system equipment: HVAC system equipment provides, in one (single package) or more (split system) factory-assembled packages, means for air circulation, air cleaning, air cooling with controlled temperature and dehumidification; and optionally, either alone or in combination with a heating plant, the functions of heating and humidifying. The cooling function may be either electrically or heat operated and the refrigerant condenser may be air, water or evaporatively cooled. Where the equipment is provided in more than one package, the separate packages shall be designed by the manufacturer to be used together. The equipment may provide the heating function as a heat pump or by the use of electric elements. (The word "equipment" used without modifying adjective may, in accordance with common industry usage, apply either to HVAC system equipment or HVAC system components.)

     Indirectly conditioned space: An enclosed space within a building that is not a heated or cooled space, whose area weighted heat transfer coefficient to heated or cooled spaces exceeds that to the outdoors or to unconditioned spaces; or through which air from heated or cooled spaces is transferred at a rate exceeding three air changes per hour. Enclosed corridors between conditioned spaces shall be considered as indirectly conditioned space. (See Heated Space, Cooled Space and Unconditioned Space.)

     Infiltration: The uncontrolled inward air leakage through cracks and interstices in any building element and around windows and doors of a building caused by the pressure effects of wind and/or the effect of differences in the indoor and outdoor air density.

     Insulation baffle: A rigid material, resistant to wind driven moisture, the purpose of which is to allow air to flow freely into the attic or crawl space and to prevent insulation from blocking the ventilation of these spaces, or the loss of insulation. Example materials for this purpose are sheet metal, or wax impregnated cardboard.

     Insulation position:

     a. Exterior Insulation Position: A wall having all or nearly all of its mass exposed to the room air with the insulation on the exterior of the mass.

     b. Integral Insulation Position: A wall having mass exposed to both room and outside air, with substantially equal amounts of mass on the inside and outside of the insulation layer.

     c. Interior Insulation Position: A wall not meeting either of the above definitions; particularly a wall having most of its mass external to the insulation layer.

     International Building Code (IBC): (See Washington State Building Code.)

     International Mechanical Code (IMC): (See Washington State Building Code.)

     IPLV -- Integrated part-load value: A single number figure of merit based on part-load EER or COP expressing part-load efficiency for air conditioning and heat pump equipment on the basis of weighted operation at various load capacities for the equipment as specified in the Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) and Cooling Tower Institute (CTI) procedures.

     Labeled: Devices, equipment, or materials to which have been affixed a label, seal, symbol or other identifying mark of a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency, or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of the production of the above-labeled items that attests to compliance with a specific standard.

     Liner system (Ls): A continuous membrane is installed below the purlins and uninterrupted by framing members. Uncompressed, unfaced insulation rests on top of the membrane between the purlins. For multilayer installations, the last rated R-value of insulation is for unfaced insulation draped over purlins and then compressed when the metal roof panels are attached. A minimum R-3 (R-0.5) thermal spacer block between the purlins and the metal roof panels is required, unless compliance is shown by the overall assembly U-factor.

     Listed: Equipment, appliances, assemblies, or materials included in a list published by an approved testing laboratory, inspection agency, or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment, appliances, assemblies, or material, and whose listing states either that the equipment, appliances, assemblies, or material meets nationally recognized standards or has been tested and found suitable for use in a specified manner.

     Luminaire: A complete lighting unit consisting of a lamp or lamps together with the parts designed to distribute the light, to position and protect the lamps and to connect the lamps to the electric power supply.

     Manual: Capable of being operated by personal intervention. (See Automatic.)

     Mechanical system: Equipment and components that provide heating, cooling, and ventilation for any purpose other than domestic water systems.

     Microcell: A wireless communication facility consisting of an antenna that is either: (a) Four (4) feet in height and with an area of not more than 580 square inches; or (b) if a tubular antenna, no more than four (4) inches in diameter and no more than six (6) feet in length; and the associated equipment cabinet that is six (6) feet or less in height and no more than 48 square feet in floor area.

     NFPA: National Fire Protection Association.

     NFRC: National Fenestration Rating Council.

     Net heat output: The change in the total heat content of the air entering and leaving the equipment (not including supplementary heat and heat from boilers).

     Net heat removal: The total difference in heat content of the air entering and leaving the equipment (without heat) or the difference in total heat content of the water or refrigerant entering and leaving the component.

     New energy: Energy, other than recovered energy, utilized for the purpose of heating or cooling. (See energy.)

     Nominal R-value: The thermal resistance of insulation alone as determined in accordance with the U.S. Federal Trade Commission R-value rule (C.F.R. Title 16, Part 460) in units of h•ft²•°F/Btu at a mean temperature of 75°F. Nominal R-value refers to the thermal resistance of the added insulation in framing cavities or insulated sheathing only and does not include the thermal resistance of other building materials or air films.

     Nonrenewable energy sources: All energy sources that are not renewable energy sources including natural gas, oil, coal, wood, liquefied petroleum gas, steam, and any utility-supplied electricity.

     Nonresidential: All spaces as defined in this Code other than residential.

     Occupancy: See the Washington State Building Code.

     Occupancy sensor: A device that detects occupants within an area, causing any combination of lighting, equipment or appliances to be turned on or shut off.

     On-site renewable energy power system: Photovoltaic, solar thermal, geothermal, and wind systems used to generate electrical power and located on the building site.

     Opaque envelope areas: All exposed areas of a building envelope which enclose conditioned space, except openings for doors, glazing and building service systems.

     Open blown: Loose fill insulation pneumatically installed in an unconfined attic space.

     Outdoor air (outside air): Air taken from the outdoors and, therefore, not previously circulated through a building.

     Overhead glazing: A glazing surface that has a slope of less than 60° from the horizontal plane.

     Packaged terminal air conditioner: A factory-selected combination of heating and cooling components, assemblies or sections intended to serve a room or zone. (For the complete technical definition, see Standard RS-5.)

     Permeance (perm): The ability of a material of specified thickness to transmit moisture in terms of amount of moisture transmitted per unit time for a specified area and differential pressure (grains per hour • ft² • inches of HG). Permeance may be measured using ASTM E-96-00 or other approved dry cup method as specified in RS-1.

     Personal wireless service facility: A Wireless Communication Facility (WCF), including a microcell, which is a facility for the transmission and/or reception of radio frequency signals and which may include antennas, equipment shelter or cabinet, transmission cables, a support structure to achieve the necessary elevation, and reception and/or transmission devices or antennas.

     Pool cover: A vapor-retardant cover which lies on or at the surface of the pool.

     Power: In connection with machines, the time rate of doing work. In connection with the transmission of energy of all types, the rate at which energy is transmitted; in customary units, it is measured in watts (W) or British Thermal Units per hour (Btu/h).

     Process energy: Energy consumed in support of a manufacturing, industrial, or commercial process other than the maintenance of building comfort or amenities for building occupants.

     Radiant slab floor: A slab floor assembly on grade or below, containing heated pipes, ducts, or electric heating cables that constitute a floor or portion thereof for complete or partial heating of the structure.

     Readily accessible: See the Washington State Mechanical Code.

     Recooling: The removal of heat by sensible cooling of the supply air (directly or indirectly) that has been previously heated above the temperature to which the air is to be supplied to the conditioned space for proper control of the temperature of that space.

     Recovered energy: Energy utilized which would otherwise be wasted (i.e., not contribute to a desired end use) from an energy utilization system.

     Refrigerated warehouse: A building that contains cold storage spaces or frozen storage spaces that have a total area exceeding 3,000 square feet.

     Reheat: The application of sensible heat to supply air that has been previously cooled below the temperature of the conditioned space by either mechanical refrigeration or the introduction of outdoor air to provide cooling.

     Renewable energy sources: Renewable energy sources of energy (excluding minerals) are derived from: (1) Incoming solar radiation, including but not limited to, natural daylighting and photosynthetic processes; (2) energy sources resulting from wind, waves and tides, lake or pond thermal differences; and (3) energy derived from the internal heat of the earth, including nocturnal thermal exchanges.

     Reset: Adjustment of the set point of a control instrument to a higher or lower value automatically or manually to conserve energy.

     Residential: The following two categories comprise all residential spaces for the purposes of this Code:

     a. Single-family: All spaces within the scope of Section R101.2 of the International Residential Code.

     b. Multifamily:

     i. All Group R Occupancy not falling under the scope of Section 101.2 of the International Residential Code including, but not limited to, dwelling units, hotel/motel guest rooms, dormitories, fraternity/sorority houses, hostels, prisons, and fire stations;

     ii. All sleeping areas in Group I Occupancy including, but not limited to, assisted living facilities, nursing homes, patient rooms in hospitals, prisons, and fire stations; and

     iii. All sleeping areas in other occupancies including, but not limited to, fire stations.

     Roof: The upper portion of the building envelope, including opaque areas and fenestration, that is horizontal or tilted at an angle of less than 60 degrees from horizontal. For the purposes of determining building envelope requirements, the classifications are defined as follows:

     a. Attic and other roofs: All other roofs, including roofs with insulation entirely below (inside of) the roof structure (i.e., attics, cathedral ceilings, and single-rafter ceilings), roofs with insulation both above and below the roof structure, and roofs without insulation but excluding metal building roofs.

     b. Metal building roof: A roof that is:

     i. Constructed with a metal, structural, weathering surface;

     ii. Has no ventilated cavity; and

     iii. Has the insulation entirely below deck (i.e., does not include composite concrete and metal deck construction nor a roof framing system that is separated from the superstructure by a wood substrate) and whose structure consists of one or more of the following configurations:

     A. Metal roofing in direct contact with the steel framing members;

     B. Insulation between the metal roofing and the steel framing members;

     C. Insulated metal roofing panels installed as described in 1 or 2.

     Roof with insulation entirely above deck: A roof with all insulation installed above (outside of) the roof structure and continuous (i.e., uninterrupted by framing members).

     Roof/ceiling assembly: (See Gross roof/ceiling area.)

     SEER - Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio: The total cooling output of an air conditioner during its normal annual usage period, in Btu's, divided by the total electric energy input in watt-hours, during the same period, as determined by 10 C.F.R., Part 430.

     Semi-heated space: Sub-category of Heated Space. (See Heated Space.)

     Sequence: A consecutive series of operations.

     Service systems: All energy-using systems in a building that are operated to provide services for the occupants or processes housed therein, including HVAC, service water heating, illumination, transportation, cooking or food preparation, laundering or similar functions.

     Service water heating: Supply of hot water for domestic or commercial purposes other than comfort heating.

     Shaded: Glazed area which is externally protected from direct solar radiation by use of devices permanently affixed to the structure or by an adjacent building, topographical feature, or vegetation.

     Shading coefficient: The ratio of solar heat gain occurring through nonopaque portions of the glazing, with or without integral shading devices, to the solar heat gain occurring through an equivalent area of unshaded, 1/8 inch thick, clear, double-strength glass.

Note:

Heat gains to be compared under the same conditions. See Chapter 15 of Standard RS-1, listed in Chapter 7 of this Code.

     Shall: Denotes a mandatory code requirement.

     Single family: (See Residential.)

     Skylight: (See Fenestration.)

     Slab-below-grade: Any portion of a slab floor in contact with the ground which is more than 24 inches below the final elevation of the nearest exterior grade.

     Slab-on-grade, exterior: Any portion of a slab floor in contact with the ground which is less than or equal to twenty-four inches below the final elevation of the nearest exterior grade.

     Small business: Any business entity (including a sole proprietorship, corporation, partnership, or other legal entity) which is owned and operated independently from all other businesses, which has the purpose of making a profit, and which has fifty or fewer employees, or which has a million dollars or less per year in gross sales, of window products.

     Solar energy source: Source of natural daylighting and of thermal, chemical or electrical energy derived directly from conversion of incident solar radiation.

     Solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC): The ratio of the solar heat gain entering the space through the glazing product to the incident solar radiation. Solar heat gain includes directly transmitted solar heat and absorbed solar radiation which is then reradiated, conducted or convected into the space.

     Split system: Any heat pump or air conditioning unit which is provided in more than one assembly requiring refrigeration piping installed in the field.

     Standard framing: All framing practices not defined as "intermediate" or "advanced" shall be considered standard. (See Advanced framed ceiling, Advanced framed walls, Intermediate framed wall and Section 1005.2 of this Code.)

     Substantial contact: A condition where adjacent building materials are placed in a manner that proximal surfaces are contiguous, being installed and supported as to eliminate voids between materials, without compressing or degrading the thermal performance of either product.

     System: A combination of central or terminal equipment or components and/or controls, accessories, interconnecting means, and terminal devices by which energy is transformed so as to perform a specific function, such as HVAC, service water heating or illumination.

     Tapering: Installation of a reduced level of ceiling insulation at the eaves, due to reduced clearance.

     Thermal by-pass: An area where the envelope surrounding the conditioned space is breached, or where an ineffective application compromises the performance of a thermal or infiltration barrier, increasing the structure's energy consumption by exposing finished surfaces to ambient conditions and additional heat transfer.

     Thermal conductance (C): Time rate of heat flow through a body (frequently per unit area) from one of its bounding surfaces to the other for a unit temperature difference between the two surfaces, under steady conditions (Btu/hr•ft²•°F).

     Thermal resistance (R): The reciprocal of thermal conductance (hr•ft²•°F/Btu).

     Thermal transmittance (U): The coefficient of heat transmission (air to air). It is the time rate of heat flow per unit area and unit temperature difference between the warm side and cold side air films (Btu/hr•ft²•°F).

     Thermal transmittance, overall (U_o): The overall (average) heat transmission of a gross area of the exterior building envelope (Btu/hr•ft²•°F). The U_o-factor applies to the combined effect of the time rate of heat flows through the various parallel paths, such as glazing, doors and opaque construction areas, comprising the gross area of one or more exterior building components, such as walls, floors or roof/ceiling.

     Thermostat: An automatic control device actuated by temperature and designed to be responsive to temperature.

     Total on-site energy input: The combination of all the energy inputs to all elements and accessories as included in the equipment components, including but not limited to, compressor(s), compressor sump heater(s), circulating pump(s), purge devices, fan(s), and the HVAC system component control circuit.

     Transmission coefficient: The ratio of the solar heat gain through a glazing system to that of an unshaded single pane of double strength window glass under the same set of conditions.

     Transverse joint: The primary connection between air distribution system fittings.

     U-factor: (See thermal transmittance.)

     U-Value: (See U-factor.)

     Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC): (See Washington State Plumbing Code.)

     Unitary cooling and heating equipment: One or more factory-made assemblies which include an evaporator or cooling coil, a compressor and condenser combination, and may include a heating function as well. Where such equipment is provided in more than one assembly, the separate assemblies shall be designed to be used together.

     Unitary heat pump: One or more factory-made assemblies which include an indoor conditioning coil, compressor(s) and outdoor coil or refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger, including means to provide both heating and cooling functions. When such equipment is provided in more than one assembly, the separate assemblies shall be designed to be used together.

     Vapor retarder: A layer of low moisture transmissivity material (not more than 1.0 perm dry cup) placed over the warm side (in winter) of insulation, over the exterior of below grade walls, and under floors as ground cover to limit the transport of water and water vapor through exterior walls, ceilings, and floors. Vapor retarding paint, listed for this application, also meets this definition.

     Vaulted ceilings: All ceilings where enclosed joist or rafter space is formed by ceilings applied directly to the underside of roof joists or rafters.

     Ventilation: The process of supplying or removing air by natural or mechanical means to or from any space. Such air may or may not have been conditioned.

     Ventilation air: That portion of supply air which comes from outside (outdoors) plus any recirculated air that has been treated to maintain the desired quality of air within a designated space.

     Vertical glazing: A glazing surface that has a slope of 60° or greater from the horizontal plane.

     Wall: That portion of the building envelope, including opaque area and fenestration, that is vertical or tilted at an angle of 60 degrees from horizontal or greater. This includes above- and below-grade walls, between floor spandrels, peripheral edges of floors, and foundation walls. For the purposes of determining building envelope requirements, the classifications are defined as follows:

     a. Above-grade wall: A wall that is not a below-grade wall.

     b. Below-grade wall: That portion of a wall in the building envelope that is entirely below the finish grade and in contact with the ground.

     c. Mass wall: A wall with a heat capacity exceeding 7 Btu/ft²•°F or 5 Btu/ft²•°F, provided that the wall has a material unit weight not greater than 120 lb/ft³.

     d. Metal building wall: A wall whose structure consists of metal spanning members supported by steel structural members (i.e., does not include spandrel glass or metal panels in curtain wall systems).

     e. Steel-framed wall: A wall with a cavity (insulated or otherwise) whose exterior surfaces are separated by steel framing members (i.e., typical steel stud walls and curtain wall systems).

     f. Wood-framed and other walls: All other wall types, including wood stud walls.

     Walls (exterior): Any member or group of members which defines the exterior boundaries or courts of a building and which have a slope of sixty degrees or greater with the horizontal plane, and separates conditioned from unconditioned space. Band joists between floors are to be considered a part of exterior walls.

     Washington State Building Code: The Washington State Building Code is comprised of the International Building Code; the International Residential Code; the International Mechanical Code; the International Fire Code; the Uniform Plumbing Code; the state regulations for barrier-free facilities, as designated in RCW 19.27.031; the State Energy Code; and any other codes so designated by the Washington state legislature as adopted and amended by the State Building Code Council.

     Zone: A space or group of spaces within a building with heating and/or cooling requirements sufficiently similar so that comfort conditions can be maintained throughout by a single controlling device. Each dwelling unit in residential buildings shall be considered a single zone.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0201, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0201, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-0201, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04; 02-24-076, § 51-11-0201, filed 12/4/02, effective 5/1/03. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010, § 51-11-0201, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, § 51-11-0201, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27, 19.27A and 34.05 RCW. 94-05-059, § 51-11-0201, filed 2/10/94, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0201, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0201, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

     Reviser's note:  Notice of Objection: The Joint Administrative Rules Review Committee (Committee) finds that, in adopting the 2009 proposed changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, on November 20, 2009, the State Building Code Council (Council) failed to comply with all requirements of the law and failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional economic impact and cost-benefit analyses prior to adoption.

     On October 1, 2009, the Committee found that the Small Business Economic Impact Statement (SBEIS) for the proposed changes filed with the Code Reviser failed to comply with all requirements of law. The Committee requested that the Council conduct a cost-benefit analysis pursuant to RCW 34.05.328 and amend the SBEIS to provide additional economic impact information, including an estimate of the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with all the proposed rules, as required by RCW 19.85.040 (2)(d).

     The Council provided the Committee with information and data on November 18, 2009. On December 2, 2009, the Committee found that the Council failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional data. Specifically, the Committee found that the Council failed to amend the SBEIS to (a) estimate the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with the proposed changes; and (b) support the SBEIS with a detailed and rigorous costs analysis of the cumulative impact of all the changes. In addition, the Committee found that the Council failed to provide the Committee with a cost-benefit analysis of the proposed changes and pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.05.328.

     The Committee strongly supports a process that makes thoughtful and informed progress towards changes that result in improved energy efficiency in our buildings, wherever practicable. While the Council worked diligently, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council did not fully develop and consider the economic impacts and costs versus benefits of these significant changes to our Energy Code. Furthermore, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council and the Legislature need this information to fully evaluate the value, impacts, and consequences of the proposed codes, with due diligence to their respective fiduciary responsibilities, in order to create the best informed public policy.

     As a result, the Committee recommends that the Governor suspend the adoption and implementation of the changes to the Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, until such time as a more adequate analysis has been completed and considered by the appropriate bodies.

     For all of the above stated reasons, the Committee objects to the changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, that were adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, and hereby directs the Code Reviser, pursuant to RCW 34.05.640(4), to publish this Notice of Objection in the Washington State Register and along with any publication in the Washington Administrative Code of changes to Chapter 51-11 WAC that were adopted by the Council in 2009 and filed with the Code Reviser.

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0300
Chapter 3 — Design conditions.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0300, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0301
Design criteria.

  


     301.1 General: The criteria of this chapter establish the design conditions upon which the minimum thermal design requirements of the building envelope and the design of the HVAC system are to be based.


     301.2 Heating and Cooling: A building that is designed to be both heated and cooled shall meet the more stringent of the heating or cooling requirements as required in this code when requirements of the exterior envelope differ.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0301, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0302
Thermal design parameters.

  


    
     302.1 Exterior Design Conditions: The heating or cooling outdoor design temperatures shall be selected from Table 3-1.


     302.2 Interior Design Conditions:


     302.2.1 Indoor Design Temperature: Indoor design temperature shall be seventy degrees F for heating and seventy-eight degrees F for cooling.

EXCEPTION:

Other design temperatures may be used for equipment selection if it results in a lower energy usage.

     302.2.2 Humidification: If humidification is provided during heating, it shall be designed for a maximum relative humidity of thirty percent. When comfort air conditioning is provided, the actual design relative humidity within the comfort envelope as defined in Standard RS-4, listed in Chapter 7, shall be selected for minimum total HVAC system energy use.


     302.3 Climate Zones: All buildings shall comply with the requirements of the appropriate climate zone as defined herein.


     ZONE 1: Climate Zone 1 shall include all counties not included in Climate Zone 2.


     ZONE 2: Climate Zone 2 shall include: Adams, Chelan, Douglas, Ferry, Grant, Kittitas, Lincoln, Okanogan, Pend Oreille, Spokane, Stevens, and Whitman counties.


TABLE 3-1

OUTDOOR DESIGN TEMPERATURES

	Outdoor Design Temp. (in °F)		Outdoor Design Temp. (in °F)
Location	(heating)		(cooling)
Aberdeen 20 NNE	25.0		83
Anacortes	24.0		72
Anatone	-4.0		89
Auburn	25.0		84
Battleground	19.0		91
Bellevue	24.0		83
Bellingham 2 N	19.0		78
Blaine	17.0		73
Bremerton	29.0		83
Burlington	19.0		77
Chehalis	21.0		87
Chelan	10.0		89
Cheney	4.0		94
Chesaw	-11.0		81
Clarkston	10.0		94
Cle Elum	1.0		91
Colfax 1 NW	2.0		94
Colville AP	-2.0		92
Concrete	19.0		83
Connell 4 NNW	6.0		100
Cougar 5 E	25.0		93
Dallesport AP	14.0		99
Darrington RS	13.0		85
Davenport	5.0		92
Edmonds	24.0		82
Ellensburg AP	2.0		90
Elma	24.0		88
Ephrata AP	7.0		97
Everett Paine AFB	21.0		79
Forks 1 E	23.0		81
Glacier RS	13.0		82
Glenoma (Kosmos)	18.0		89
Goldendale	7.0		94
Grays River Hatchery	24.0		86
Greenwater	1.4		84
Grotto	21.0		84
Hoquiam AP	26.0		79
Inchelium 2 NW	0.0		92
John Day Dam	19.0		100
Kent	21.0		85
Kirkland	17.0		83
La Grande	23.0		88
Leavenworth	-3.0		93
Little Goose Dam	22.0		101
Long Beach 3 NNE	25.0		77
Longview	24.0		87
Lower Granite Dam	14.0		98
Lower Monument Dam	18.0		103
Marysville	23.0		79
Metaline Falls	-1.0		89
Methow 2 W	1.0		89
Nespelem 2 S	-4.0		93
Newhalem	19.0		89
Newport	-5.0		92
Northport	2.0		92
Oak Harbor	16.0		74
Odessa	7.0		100
Olga 2 SE	24.0		71
Olympia, AP	17.0		85
Omak 2 NW	3.0		90
Oroville	5.0		93
Othello	9.0		98
Packwood	16.0		90
Plain	-3.0		89
Pleasant View	16.0		98
Pomeroy	3.0		95
Port Angeles	28.0		75
Port Townsend	25.0		76
Prosser	12.0		97
Puyallup	19.0		86
Quilcene 2 SW	23.0		83
Quinault RS	25.0		84
Rainier, Longmire	15.0		85
Paradise RS	8.0		71
Raymond	28.0		81
Redmond	17.0		83
Republic	-9.0		87
Richland	11.0		101
Ritzville	6.0		99
Satus Pass	10.0		90
Seattle: Sea-Tac AP	24.0		83
Sedro Woolley 1 E	19.0		78
Sequim	23.0		78
Shelton	23.0		85
Smyrna	8.0		102
Snohomish	21.0		81
Snoqualmie Pass	6.0		80
Spokane AP	4.0		92
Spokane CO	10.0		96
Stampede Pass	7.0		76
Stehekin 3 NW	12.0		85
Stevens Pass	6.0		77
Tacoma CO	29.0		82
Tatoosh Island	31.0		63
Toledo AP	17.0		84
Vancouver	22.0		88
Vashon Island	28.0		78
Walla Walla AP	6.0		96
Waterville	1.0		88
Wellpinit	1.0		93
Wenatchee CO	10.0		92
Whidbey Island	11.0		71
Willapa Harbor	26.0		81
Wilson Creek	3.0		96
Winthrop 1 WSW	-12.0		91
Yakima AP	11.0		94

[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0302, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/11/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0302, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

     Reviser's note:  Notice of Objection: The Joint Administrative Rules Review Committee (Committee) finds that, in adopting the 2009 proposed changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, on November 20, 2009, the State Building Code Council (Council) failed to comply with all requirements of the law and failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional economic impact and cost-benefit analyses prior to adoption.

     On October 1, 2009, the Committee found that the Small Business Economic Impact Statement (SBEIS) for the proposed changes filed with the Code Reviser failed to comply with all requirements of law. The Committee requested that the Council conduct a cost-benefit analysis pursuant to RCW 34.05.328 and amend the SBEIS to provide additional economic impact information, including an estimate of the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with all the proposed rules, as required by RCW 19.85.040 (2)(d).

     The Council provided the Committee with information and data on November 18, 2009. On December 2, 2009, the Committee found that the Council failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional data. Specifically, the Committee found that the Council failed to amend the SBEIS to (a) estimate the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with the proposed changes; and (b) support the SBEIS with a detailed and rigorous costs analysis of the cumulative impact of all the changes. In addition, the Committee found that the Council failed to provide the Committee with a cost-benefit analysis of the proposed changes and pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.05.328.

     The Committee strongly supports a process that makes thoughtful and informed progress towards changes that result in improved energy efficiency in our buildings, wherever practicable. While the Council worked diligently, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council did not fully develop and consider the economic impacts and costs versus benefits of these significant changes to our Energy Code. Furthermore, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council and the Legislature need this information to fully evaluate the value, impacts, and consequences of the proposed codes, with due diligence to their respective fiduciary responsibilities, in order to create the best informed public policy.

     As a result, the Committee recommends that the Governor suspend the adoption and implementation of the changes to the Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, until such time as a more adequate analysis has been completed and considered by the appropriate bodies.

     For all of the above stated reasons, the Committee objects to the changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, that were adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, and hereby directs the Code Reviser, pursuant to RCW 34.05.640(4), to publish this Notice of Objection in the Washington State Register and along with any publication in the Washington Administrative Code of changes to Chapter 51-11 WAC that were adopted by the Council in 2009 and filed with the Code Reviser.

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0303
Mechanical ventilation.

  The minimum requirements for ventilation shall comply with Section M1508 of the Washington State Residential Code. (WAC 51-51.)



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0303, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0303, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0400
Chapter 4 — Building design by systems analysis.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0400, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0401
Scope.

  


     401.1 General: This chapter establishes design criteria in terms of total energy use by a building, including all of its systems. Analysis of design for all single-family residential shall comply with Sections 402.1 to 402.6. In addition, the design shall comply with the additional energy efficiency requirements of Chapter 9.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0401, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0401, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0401, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0402
Systems analysis.

  


     402.1 Special Requirements for Single-Family Residential:


     402.1.1 Energy Budgets: Proposed buildings designed in accordance with this section shall be designed to use no more energy from nonrenewable sources for space heating, space cooling and domestic hot water heating than a standard building whose enclosure elements and energy consuming systems are designed in accordance with section 502.2 of this Code for the appropriate climate zone, and heating system type and cooling system and whose mechanical system type is the same as the proposed building and which complies with Section 503 of this Code. Energy derived from renewable sources may be excluded from the total annual energy consumption attributed to the alternative building.


     402.1.2 Calculation of Energy Consumption: The application for a building permit shall include documentation which demonstrates, using a calculation procedure as listed in Chapter 8, or an approved alternate, that the proposed building's annual space heating, space cooling and domestic hot water heating energy use does not exceed the annual space heating, space cooling and domestic hot water heating energy use of a standard building conforming to Chapter 5 of this Code for the appropriate climate zone. The total calculated annual energy consumption shall be shown in units of kWh/ft²-yr or Btu/ft²-yr of conditioned area.


     402.1.3 Input Values: The following standardized input values shall be used in calculating annual space heating budgets:

PARAMETER	VALUE
Thermostat set point, heating Thermostat set point, cooling Thermostat night set back Thermostat night set back period	65° F 78° F 65° F 0 hours
Internal gain	3000 Btu/h
Domestic Hot Water Heater Setpoint	120° F
Domestic Hot Water Consumption	20 gallons/person/day.
Minimum heat storage	Calculated using standard engineering practice for the actual building or as approved.
Site weather data	Typical meteorological year (TMY) or ersatz TMY data for the closest appropriate TMY site or other sites as approved.
Heating and cooling equipment efficiency	Equipment shall comply with Section 1411.

     The standard building shall be modeled with glazing area distributed equally among the four cardinal directions. Parameter values that may be varied by the building designer to model energy saving options include, but are not limited to, the following:


     1. Overall thermal transmittance, U_o, of building envelope or individual building components;


     2. Heat storage capacity of building;


     3. Glazing orientation; area; and solar heat coefficients; (where Chapter 5 does not contain SHGC requirements, the standard design shall be modeled with glazing SHGC as determined by Tables 13-1 and 13-2. SHGC values shall be determined in accordance with Section 1312.2.)


     4. Heating system efficiency.


     Parameter values that may not be varied:


     • Domestic hot water consumption.


     402.1.4 Solar Shading and Access: Building designs using passive solar features with eight percent or more south facing equivalent glazing to qualify shall provide to the building official a sun chart or other approved documentation depicting actual site shading for use in calculating compliance under this section. The building shall contain at least forty-five Btu/°F for each square foot of south facing glass.


     402.1.5 Infiltration: Infiltration levels used shall be set at 0.35 air changes per hour for thermal calculation purposes only.


     402.1.6 Heat Pumps: The heating season performance factor (HSPF) for heat pumps shall be calculated using procedures consistent with section 5.2 of the U.S. Department of Energy Test Procedure for Central Air Conditioners, including heat pumps published in the December 27, 1979 Federal Register Vol. 44, No. 24.10 C.F.R. 430. Climate data as specified above, the proposed buildings overall thermal performance value (Btu/°F) and the standardized input assumptions specified above shall be used to model the heat pumps HSPF.


     402.2 Energy Analysis: Compliance with this chapter will require an analysis of the annual energy usage, hereinafter called an annual energy analysis.

EXCEPTION:

Chapters 5, and 6 of this Code establish criteria for different energy-consuming and enclosure elements of the building which, will eliminate the requirement for an annual systems energy analysis while meeting the intent of this Code.

     A building designed in accordance with this chapter will be deemed as complying with this Code if the calculated annual energy consumption is 8 percent less than a similar building (defined as a "standard design") whose enclosure elements and energy-consuming systems are designed in accordance with Chapter 5.

     For an alternate building design to be considered similar to a "standard design," it shall utilize the same energy source(s) for the same functions and have equal floor area and the same ratio of envelope area to floor area, environmental requirements, occupancy, climate data and usage operational schedule.


     402.3 Design: The standard design, conforming to the criteria of Chapter 5 and the proposed alternative design shall be designed on a common basis as specified herein:


     The comparison shall be expressed as kBtu or kWh input per square foot of conditioned floor area per year at the building site.


     402.4 Analysis Procedure: The analysis of the annual energy usage of the standard and the proposed alternative building and system design shall meet the following criteria:


     a. The building heating/cooling load calculation procedure used for annual energy consumption analysis shall be detailed to permit the evaluation of effect of factors specified in section 402.5.


     b. The calculation procedure used to simulate the operation of the building and its service systems through a full-year operating period shall be detailed to permit the evaluation of the effect of system design, climatic factors, operational characteristics, and mechanical equipment on annual energy usage. Manufacturer's data or comparable field test data shall be used when available in the simulation of systems and equipment. The calculation procedure shall be based upon eight thousand seven hundred sixty hours of operation of the building and its service systems.


     402.5 Calculation Procedure: The calculation procedure shall cover the following items:


     a. Design requirements -- Environmental requirements as required in Chapter 3.


     b. Climatic data -- Coincident hourly data for temperatures, solar radiation, wind and humidity of typical days in the year representing seasonal variation.


     c. Building data -- Orientation, size, shape, mass, air, moisture and heat transfer characteristics.


     d. Operational characteristics -- Temperature, humidity, ventilation, illumination, control mode for occupied and unoccupied hours.


     e. Mechanical equipment -- Design capacity, part load profile.


     f. Building loads -- Internal heat generation, lighting, equipment, number of people during occupied and unoccupied periods.

EXCEPTION:

Single-family residential shall comply with calculation procedures in Chapter 8, or an approved alternate.

     402.6 Documentation: Proposed alternative designs, submitted as requests for exception to the standard design criteria, shall be accompanied by an energy analysis comparison report. The report shall provide technical detail on the two building and system designs and on the data used in and resulting from the comparative analysis to verify that both the analysis and the designs meet the criteria of Chapter 4 of this Code.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-22-057, § 51-11-0402, filed 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11; 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0402, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0402, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-0402, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025 and 19.27A.045. 98-03-003, § 51-11-0402, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27, 19.27A and 34.05 RCW. 94-05-059, § 51-11-0402, filed 2/10/94, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0402, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

     Reviser's note:  Notice of Objection: The Joint Administrative Rules Review Committee (Committee) finds that, in adopting the 2009 proposed changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, on November 20, 2009, the State Building Code Council (Council) failed to comply with all requirements of the law and failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional economic impact and cost-benefit analyses prior to adoption.

     On October 1, 2009, the Committee found that the Small Business Economic Impact Statement (SBEIS) for the proposed changes filed with the Code Reviser failed to comply with all requirements of law. The Committee requested that the Council conduct a cost-benefit analysis pursuant to RCW 34.05.328 and amend the SBEIS to provide additional economic impact information, including an estimate of the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with all the proposed rules, as required by RCW 19.85.040 (2)(d).

     The Council provided the Committee with information and data on November 18, 2009. On December 2, 2009, the Committee found that the Council failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional data. Specifically, the Committee found that the Council failed to amend the SBEIS to (a) estimate the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with the proposed changes; and (b) support the SBEIS with a detailed and rigorous costs analysis of the cumulative impact of all the changes. In addition, the Committee found that the Council failed to provide the Committee with a cost-benefit analysis of the proposed changes and pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.05.328.

     The Committee strongly supports a process that makes thoughtful and informed progress towards changes that result in improved energy efficiency in our buildings, wherever practicable. While the Council worked diligently, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council did not fully develop and consider the economic impacts and costs versus benefits of these significant changes to our Energy Code. Furthermore, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council and the Legislature need this information to fully evaluate the value, impacts, and consequences of the proposed codes, with due diligence to their respective fiduciary responsibilities, in order to create the best informed public policy.

     As a result, the Committee recommends that the Governor suspend the adoption and implementation of the changes to the Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, until such time as a more adequate analysis has been completed and considered by the appropriate bodies.

     For all of the above stated reasons, the Committee objects to the changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, that were adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, and hereby directs the Code Reviser, pursuant to RCW 34.05.640(4), to publish this Notice of Objection in the Washington State Register and along with any publication in the Washington Administrative Code of changes to Chapter 51-11 WAC that were adopted by the Council in 2009 and filed with the Code Reviser.

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0500
Chapter 5 — Building design by component performance approach.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0500, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0501
Scope.

  


     501.1 General: Buildings that are heated or mechanically cooled shall be constructed so as to provide the required thermal performance of the various components. A building that is designed to be both heated and cooled shall meet the more stringent of the heating or cooling requirements as provided in this Code when requirements of the exterior envelope differ. In addition, the design shall comply with the additional energy efficiency requirements of Chapter 9.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0501, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0501, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0502
Building envelope requirements.

  


     502.1 General:


     502.1.1: The stated U- or F-factor of any component assembly, listed in Table 5-1, such as roof/ceiling, opaque wall or opaque floor may be increased and the U-factor for other components decreased, provided that the total heat gain or loss for the entire building envelope does not exceed the total resulting from compliance to the U-factors specified in this section.


     The U-factors for typical construction assemblies are included in Chapter 10. These values shall be used for all calculations. Where proposed construction assemblies are not represented in Chapter 10, values shall be calculated in accordance with Chapters 16 through 18 and 25 through 27 in Standard RS-1 listed in Chapter 7, using the framing factors listed in Chapter 10 where applicable.


     For envelope assemblies containing metal framing, the U-factor shall be determined by one of the following methods:


     1. Results of laboratory or field measurements.


     2. Standard RS-1, listed in Chapter 7, where the metal framing is bonded on one or both sides to a metal skin or covering.


     3. The zone method as provided in Chapter 27 of Standard RS-1, listed in Chapter 7.


     4. Results of parallel path correction factors effective framing/cavity R-values as provided in Table 10-5A - EFFECTIVE R-VALUES FOR METAL FRAMING AND CAVITY ONLY for metal stud walls and roof/ceilings.


     502.1.2: For consideration of thermal mass effects, see section 402.4.


     502.1.3: When return air ceiling plenums are employed, the roof/ceiling assembly shall:


     a. For thermal transmittance purposes, not include the ceiling proper nor the plenum space as part of the assembly; and


     b. For gross area purposes, be based upon the interior face of the upper plenum surface.


     502.1.4 Insulation:


     502.1.4.1 General: All insulating materials shall comply with sections 2603 and/or 719 of the International Building Code. Substantial contact of the insulation with the surface being insulated is required. All insulation materials shall be installed according to the manufacturer's instructions to achieve proper densities and maintain uniform R-values and shall be installed in a manner which will permit inspection of the manufacturer's R-value identification mark. To the maximum extent possible, insulation shall extend over the full component area to the intended R-value.


     The thickness of roof/ceiling insulation that is either blown in or spray-applied shall be identified by inches of thickness, density and R-value markers installed at least one for every 300 square feet (28 m²) through the attic, ceiling space. In attics, the markers shall be affixed to the trusses or joists and marked with the minimum initial installed thickness with numbers a minimum 1.0 inch (25 mm) in height. Each marker shall face the attic access. The thickness of installed attic insulation shall meet or exceed the minimum initial installed thickness shown by the marker.


     502.1.4.2 Insulation Materials: All insulation materials including facings such as vapor barriers or breather papers installed within floor/ceiling assemblies, roof/ceiling assemblies, walls, crawl spaces, or attics shall have a flame spread rating of less than 25 and a smoke density not to exceed 450 when tested in accordance with ASTM E84-01.

EXCEPTIONS:	1. Foam plastic insulation shall comply with section 2603 of the International Building Code.
	2. When such materials are installed in concealed spaces of Types III, IV and V construction, the flame spread and smoke developed limitations do not apply to facing, provided that the facing is installed in substantial contact with the unexposed surface of the ceiling, floor or wall finish.
	3. Cellulose insulation shall comply with section 719 of the International Building Code.

     502.1.4.3 Clearances: Where required, insulation shall be installed with clearances according to manufacturer's specifications. Insulation shall be installed so that required ventilation is unobstructed. For blown or poured loose fill insulation, clearances shall be maintained through installation of a permanent retainer.


     502.1.4.4 Access Hatches and Doors: Access doors from conditioned spaces to unconditioned spaces (e.g., attics and crawl spaces) shall be weatherstripped and insulated to a level equivalent to the insulation on the surrounding surfaces. Access shall be provided to all equipment which prevents damaging or compressing the insulation. A wood framed or equivalent baffle or retainer must be provided when loose fill insulation is installed, the purpose of which is to prevent the loose fill insulation from spilling into the living space when the attic access is opened, and to provide a permanent means of maintaining the installed R-value of the loose fill insulation.


     502.1.4.5 Roof/Ceiling Insulation: Where two or more layers of rigid board insulation are used in a roof assembly, the vertical joints between each layer shall be staggered. Open-blown or poured loose fill insulation may be used in attic spaces where the slope of the ceiling is not more than 3 feet in 12 and there is at least 30 inches of clear distance from the top of the bottom chord of the truss or ceiling joist to the underside of the sheathing at the roof ridge. When eave vents are installed, baffling of the vent openings shall be provided so as to deflect the incoming air above the surface of the insulation. Baffles shall be, rigid material, resistant to wind driven moisture. Requirements for baffles for ceiling insulation shall meet the International Building Code section 1203.2 for minimum ventilation requirements. When feasible, the baffles shall be installed from the top of the outside of the exterior wall, extending inward, to a point 6 inches vertically above the height of noncompressed insulation, and 12 inches vertically above loose fill insulation.


     502.1.4.6 Wall Insulation: Insulation installed in exterior walls shall comply with the provisions of this section. All wall insulation shall fill the entire framed cavity. Exterior wall cavities isolated during framing shall be fully insulated to the levels of the surrounding walls. All faced insulation shall be face stapled to avoid compression.

EXCEPTION:	Framed cavity can be empty or partially filled provided:
	1. The wall assembly calculations are performed along with a completed performance calculation for the whole building; and
	2. Insulation installed in partially filled cavities is not included in the performance calculation.

     502.1.4.7 Floor Insulation: Floor insulation shall be installed in a permanent manner in substantial contact with the surface being insulated. Insulation supports shall be installed so spacing is no more than 24 inches on center. Foundation vents shall be placed so that the top of the vent is below the lower surface of the floor insulation.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Insulation may be omitted from floor areas over heated basements, heated garages or underfloor areas used as HVAC supply plenums. When foundation walls are insulated, the insulation shall be attached in a permanent manner. The insulation shall not block the airflow through foundation vents when installed. When foundation vents are not placed so that the top of the vent is below the lower surface of the floor insulation, a permanently attached baffle shall be installed at an angle of 30° from horizontal, to divert air flow below the lower surface of the floor insulation.

2. Substantial contact with the surface being insulated is not required in enclosed floor/ceiling assemblies containing ducts where full depth insulation is installed between the duct and the exterior surface.

     502.1.4.8 Slab-On-Grade: Slab-on-grade insulation shall be placed on the outside of the foundation or on the inside of the foundation wall. The insulation shall extend downward from the top of the slab for a minimum distance of 24 inches or downward to at least the bottom of the slab and then horizontally to the interior or exterior for the total distance of 24 inches. Above grade insulation shall be protected. A 2-inch by 2-inch (maximum) nailer may be placed at the finished floor elevation for attachment of interior finish materials.


     502.1.4.9 Radiant Slabs: The entire area of a radiant slab shall be thermally isolated from the soil, with a minimum of R-10 insulation. The insulation shall be an approved product for its intended use. If a soil gas control system is present below the radiant slab, which results in increased convective flow below the radiant slab, the radiant slab shall be thermally isolated from the sub-slab gravel layer. R-10 radiant slab insulation is required for all compliance paths.


     502.1.4.10 Below Grade Walls: Below grade exterior wall insulation used on the exterior (cold) side of the wall shall extend from the top of the below grade wall to the top of the footing and shall be approved for below grade use. Above grade insulation shall be protected.


     Insulation used on the interior (warm) side of the wall shall extend from the top of the below grade wall to the below grade floor level.


     502.1.5 Glazing and Door U-factors: Glazing and door U-factors shall be determined in accordance with sections 502.1.5.1 and 502.1.5.2. All products shall be labeled with the NFRC certified or default U-factor. The labeled U-factor shall be used in all calculations to determine compliance with this Code. Sealed insulating glass shall conform to, or be in test for, ASTM E-774-81 class A.


     502.1.5.1 Standard Procedure for Determination of Glazing U-factors: U-factors for glazing shall be determined, certified and labeled in accordance with the National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) Product Certification Program (PCP), as authorized by an independent certification and inspection agency licensed by the NFRC. Compliance shall be based on the Residential Model Size. Product samples used for U-factor determinations shall be production line units or representative of units as purchased by the consumer or contractor. Products that are listed in the NFRC Certified Products Directory or certified to the NFRC standard shall not use default values.

EXCEPTIONS:	1. Glazing products without NFRC ratings may be assigned default U-factors from Table 10-6A for vertical glazing and from Table 10-6E for overhead glazing.
	2. Units without NFRC ratings produced by a small business may be assigned default U-factors from Table 10-6A for garden windows, from Table 10-6B for other vertical glazing, and from Table 10-6E for overhead glazing.

     502.1.5.2 Standard Procedure for Determination of Door U-factors: All doors, including fire doors, shall be assigned default U-factors from Table 10-6C.

EXCEPTIONS:	1. U-factors determined, certified and labeled in accordance with the National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) Product Certification Program (PCP), as authorized by an independent certification and inspection agency licensed by the NFRC.
	2. The default values for the opaque portions of doors shall be those listed in Table 10-6C, provided that the U-factor listed for a door with a thermal break shall only be allowed if both the door and the frame have a thermal break.
	3. One unlabeled or untested exterior swinging door with the maximum area of 24 square feet may be installed for ornamental, security or architectural purposes. Products using this exception shall not be included in the U-factor calculation requirements, however glazing area shall be included in glazing area calculations.

     502.1.6 Moisture Control:


     502.1.6.1 Vapor Retarders: Vapor retarders shall be installed on the warm side (in winter) of insulation as specified in the following cases.

EXCEPTION:

Vapor retarder installed with not more than 1/3 of the nominal R-value between it and the conditioned space.

     502.1.6.2 Floors: Floors separating conditioned space from unconditioned space shall have a vapor retarder installed. The vapor retarder shall have a one perm dry cup rating or less (i.e., four mil (0.004 inch thick) polyethylene or kraft faced material).


     502.1.6.3 Roof/Ceilings: Roof/ceiling assemblies where the ventilation space above the insulation is less than an average of 12 inches shall be provided with a vapor retarder. Faced batt insulation where used as a vapor retarder shall be face stapled. Single rafter joist vaulted ceiling cavities shall be of sufficient depth to allow a minimum one inch vented air space above the insulation.

EXCEPTION:	Unvented attic assemblies (spaces between the ceiling joists of the top story and the roof rafters) shall be permitted if all the following conditions are met:
	1. The unvented attic space is completely contained within the building thermal envelope.
	2. No interior vapor retarders are installed on the ceiling side (attic floor) of the unvented attic assembly.
	3. Where wood shingles or shakes are used, a minimum 1/4 inch (6 mm) vented air space separates the shingles or shakes and the roofing underlayment above the structural sheathing.
	4. Any air-impermeable insulation shall be a vapor retarder, or shall have a vapor retarder coating or covering in direct contact with the underside of the insulation.
	5. Either items a, b or c shall be met, depending on the air permeability of the insulation directly under the structural roof sheathing.
	a. Air-impermeable insulation only. Insulation shall be applied in direct contact to the underside of the structural roof sheathing.
	b. Air-permeable insulation only. In addition to the air-permeable insulation installed directly below the structural sheathing, rigid board or sheet insulation shall be installed directly above the structural roof sheathing as specified per WA Climate Zone for condensation control.
	i. Climate Zone #1 R-10 minimum rigid board or air-impermeable insulation R-value.
	ii. Climate Zone #2 R-25 minimum rigid board or air-impermeable insulation R-value.
	c. Air-impermeable and air-permeable insulation. The air-impermeable insulation shall be applied in direct contact to the underside of the structural roof sheathing as specified per WA Climate Zone for condensation control. The air-permeable insulation shall be installed directly under the air-impermeable insulation.
	i. Climate Zone #1 R-10 minimum rigid board or air-impermeable insulation R-value.
	ii. Climate Zone #2 R-25 minimum rigid board or air-impermeable insulation R-value.

     502.1.6.4: Vapor retarders shall not be required in roof/ceiling assemblies where the ventilation space above the insulation averages 12 inches or greater.


     502.1.6.5: Vapor retarders shall not be required where all of the insulation is installed between the roof membrane and the structural roof deck.


     502.1.6.6 Walls: Walls separating conditioned space from unconditioned space shall have a vapor retarder installed. Faced batt insulation shall be face stapled.

EXCEPTION:

For climate zone 1, wood framed walls with a minimum of nominal R-5 continuous insulated sheathing installed outside of the framing and structural sheathing. For climate zone 2, wood framed walls with a minimum of nominal R-7.5 continuous insulated sheathing installed outside of the framing and structural sheathing. The interior cavity insulation for this exception shall be a maximum of nominal R-21.

     502.1.6.7 Ground Cover: A ground cover of six mil (0.006 inch thick) black polyethylene or approved equal shall be laid over the ground within crawl spaces. The ground cover shall be overlapped 12 inches minimum at the joints and shall extend to the foundation wall.

EXCEPTION:

The ground cover may be omitted in crawl spaces if the crawl space has a concrete slab floor with a minimum thickness of 3-1/2 inches.

     502.2 Thermal Criteria for Single-Family Residential:


     502.2.1 UA Calculations: The proposed UA as calculated using Equations 2 and 3 shall not exceed the target UA as calculated using Equation 1. For the purpose of determining equivalent thermal performance, the glazing area for the target UA shall be calculated using values in Table 5-1. The opaque door area shall be the same in the target UA and the proposed UA. When showing compliance with Table 9-1 using options 3a, 3b or 3c, the proposed design shall be less than the target UA by the fraction noted in the table.

EXCEPTION:

Log and solid timber walls that have a minimum average thickness of 3.5" and with space heat type other than electric resistance, are exempt from wall target UA and proposed UA calculations.

     502.2.2 Space Heat Type: The following two categories comprise all space heating types:


     1. Electric Resistance: Space heating systems which include baseboard units, radiant units and forced air units as either the primary or secondary heating system.

EXCEPTION:

Electric resistance systems for which the total electric heat capacity in each individual dwelling unit does not exceed the greater of: 1) One thousand watts (1000 w) per dwelling unit, or; 2) One watt per square foot (1 w/ft2) of the gross floor area.

     2. Other: All gas, wood, oil and propane space heating systems, unless electric resistance is used as a secondary heating system, and all heat pump space heating systems. (See EXCEPTIONS, Electric Resistance, section 502.2.2 above.)


     502.3 Reserved.


     502.4 Air Leakage:


     502.4.1 General: The requirements of this section shall apply to all buildings and structures, or portions thereof, and only to those locations separating outdoor ambient conditions from interior spaces that are heated or mechanically cooled.


     502.4.2 Doors and Windows, General: Exterior doors and windows shall be designed to limit air leakage into or from the building envelope. Site-constructed doors and windows shall be sealed in accordance with Section 502.4.3.


     502.4.3 Seals and Weatherstripping:


     a. Exterior joints around windows and door frames, openings between walls and foundation, between walls and roof and wall panels; openings at penetrations of utility services through walls, floors and roofs; and all other openings in the building envelope and all other openings in between units shall be sealed, caulked, gasketed or weatherstripped to limit air leakage. Other exterior joints and seams shall be similarly treated, or taped, or covered with moisture vapor permeable housewrap.


     b. All exterior doors or doors serving as access to an enclosed unheated area shall be weatherstripped to limit leakage around their perimeter when in a closed position.


     c. Site built windows are exempt from testing but shall be made tight fitting. Fixed lights shall have glass retained by stops with sealant or caulking all around. Operating sash shall have weatherstripping working against overlapping trim and a closer/latch which will hold the sash closed. The window frame to framing crack shall be made tight with caulking, overlapping membrane or other approved technique.


     d. Openings that are required to be fire resistive are exempt from this section.


     502.4.4 Recessed Luminaires: When installed in contact with the building envelope, recessed luminaires shall be Type IC rated and certified under ASTM E283 to have no more than 2.0 cfm air movement from the conditioned space to the ceiling cavity. The luminaire shall be tested at 75 Pascals or 1.57 lbs/ft² pressure difference and have a label attached, showing compliance with this test method. Recessed luminaires shall be installed with a gasket or caulk between the fixture and ceiling to prevent air leakage.


     502.4.5 Building Air Leakage Testing: Building envelope air leakage control shall be considered acceptable when tested to have an air leakage is less than 0.00030 Specific Leakage Area (SLA) when tested with a blower door at a pressure of 50 Pascals (0.2 inch w.g.). Testing shall occur any time after rough in and after installation of penetrations of the building envelope, including penetrations for utilities, plumbing, electrical, ventilation, and combustion appliances and sealing thereof. When required by the building official, the test shall be conducted in the presence of department staff. The blower door test results shall be recorded on the certificate required in Section 105.4.

EXCEPTIONS:	1. Additions less than 750 square feet.
	2. Once a visual inspection has confirmed the presence of a gasket (see Section 502.4), operable windows and doors manufactured by a small business shall be permitted to be sealed off at the frame prior to the test.

     Specific Leakage Area (SLA) shall be calculated as follows:

SLA

=

(CFM50 x 0.055) / (CFA x 144)

Where:

CFM50	=	Blower door fan flow at 50 Pascal pressure difference
CFA	=	Conditioned Floor Area of the housing unit

     During testing:

     1. Exterior windows and doors, fireplace and stove doors shall be closed, but not sealed;

     2. Dampers shall be closed, but not sealed; including exhaust, intake, makeup air, back draft, and flue dampers;

     3. Interior doors connecting conditioned spaces shall be open; access hatches to conditioned crawl spaces and conditioned attics shall be open; doors connecting to unconditioned spaces closed but not sealed;

     4. Exterior openings for continuous operation ventilation systems and heat recovery ventilators shall be closed and sealed;

     5. Heating and cooling system(s) shall be turned off;

     6. HVAC ducts supply and return registers shall not be sealed.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0502, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045 and chapters 19.27, 19.27A, and 34.05 RCW. 09-06-024, § 51-11-0502, filed 2/23/09, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0502, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045 and chapters 19.27, 19.27A, and 34.05 RCW. 05-01-013, § 51-11-0502, filed 12/2/04, effective 7/1/05. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-0502, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-0502, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02; 01-03-010, § 51-11-0502, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, § 51-11-0502, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27 and 19.27A RCW and 1994 c 226. 95-01-126, § 51-11-0502, filed 12/21/94, effective 6/30/95. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27, 19.27A and 34.05 RCW. 94-05-059, § 51-11-0502, filed 2/10/94, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0502, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0502, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

     Reviser's note:  Notice of Objection: The Joint Administrative Rules Review Committee (Committee) finds that, in adopting the 2009 proposed changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, on November 20, 2009, the State Building Code Council (Council) failed to comply with all requirements of the law and failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional economic impact and cost-benefit analyses prior to adoption.

     On October 1, 2009, the Committee found that the Small Business Economic Impact Statement (SBEIS) for the proposed changes filed with the Code Reviser failed to comply with all requirements of law. The Committee requested that the Council conduct a cost-benefit analysis pursuant to RCW 34.05.328 and amend the SBEIS to provide additional economic impact information, including an estimate of the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with all the proposed rules, as required by RCW 19.85.040 (2)(d).

     The Council provided the Committee with information and data on November 18, 2009. On December 2, 2009, the Committee found that the Council failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional data. Specifically, the Committee found that the Council failed to amend the SBEIS to (a) estimate the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with the proposed changes; and (b) support the SBEIS with a detailed and rigorous costs analysis of the cumulative impact of all the changes. In addition, the Committee found that the Council failed to provide the Committee with a cost-benefit analysis of the proposed changes and pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.05.328.

     The Committee strongly supports a process that makes thoughtful and informed progress towards changes that result in improved energy efficiency in our buildings, wherever practicable. While the Council worked diligently, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council did not fully develop and consider the economic impacts and costs versus benefits of these significant changes to our Energy Code. Furthermore, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council and the Legislature need this information to fully evaluate the value, impacts, and consequences of the proposed codes, with due diligence to their respective fiduciary responsibilities, in order to create the best informed public policy.

     As a result, the Committee recommends that the Governor suspend the adoption and implementation of the changes to the Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, until such time as a more adequate analysis has been completed and considered by the appropriate bodies.

     For all of the above stated reasons, the Committee objects to the changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, that were adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, and hereby directs the Code Reviser, pursuant to RCW 34.05.640(4), to publish this Notice of Objection in the Washington State Register and along with any publication in the Washington Administrative Code of changes to Chapter 51-11 WAC that were adopted by the Council in 2009 and filed with the Code Reviser.

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0503
Mechanical systems.

  


     503.1 General: This section covers the determination of design requirements, system and component performance, control requirements, insulating systems and duct sealing. For all other duct construction requirements, refer to the State Mechanical Code (chapter 51-52 WAC).


     503.2 Calculations of Heating and Cooling Loads, and System Sizing Limits: The design parameters specified in Chapter 3 shall apply for all computations.


     503.2.1 Calculation Procedures: Heating and cooling design loads for the purpose of sizing HVAC systems are required and shall be calculated in accordance with accepted engineering practice, including infiltration and ventilation.


     503.2.2 Space Heating and Space Cooling System Sizing Limits: Mechanical systems for all buildings which provide space heating and/or space cooling shall be sized as required in IRC Section M1401.3.

EXCEPTIONS:

The following limited exemptions from the sizing limit shall be allowed; however, in all cases heating and/or cooling design load calculations shall be submitted.

	1. For equipment which provides both heating and cooling in one package unit, including heat pumps with electric heating and cooling and gas-pack units with gas heating and electric cooling, compliance need only be demonstrated for the larger of the space heating or space cooling load for the selected system size.
	2. Natural gas- or oil-fired space heating equipment whose total rated space heating output in any one dwelling unit is 40,000 Btu/h or less is exempt from the sizing limit.
	3. Stand-by equipment may be installed if controls and other devices are provided which allow redundant equipment to operate only when the primary equipment is not operating.
	4. Electric resistance heaters under 2 kW.

     503.3 Simultaneous Heating and Cooling: Systems and equipment that provide simultaneous heating and cooling shall comply with the requirements in, as appropriate, Section 1422 or Section 1435.


     503.4 HVAC Equipment Performance Requirements: All heating equipment shall meet the requirements of the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA) and be so labeled. Equipment shall also comply with Section 1411.


     503.5 Reserved.


     503.6 Balancing: The HVAC system design shall provide a means for balancing air and water systems. Balancing the system shall include, but not be limited to, dampers, temperature and pressure test connections and balancing valves.


     503.7 Cooling with Outdoor Air (Economizer Cycle): Systems and equipment that provide mechanical cooling shall comply with Section 1413 and, as appropriate, Section 1423 or 1433.


     503.8 Controls:


     503.8.1 Temperature Control: The primary space conditioning system within each dwelling unit shall be provided with at least one programmable thermostat for the regulation of temperature. The thermostat shall allow for, at a minimum, a 5-2 programmable schedule (weekdays/weekends) and be capable of providing at least two programmable setback periods per day.

     Each additional system provided within a dwelling unit shall be provided with at least one adjustable thermostat for the regulation of temperature.

EXCEPTIONS:	1. Systems controlled by an occupant sensor that is capable of shutting the system off when no occupant is sensed for a period of up to thirty minutes.
	2. Systems controlled solely by a manually operated timer capable of operating the system for no more than two hours.

     Each thermostat shall be capable of being set by adjustment or selection of sensors as follows:


     503.8.1.1: When used to control heating only: Fifty-five degrees to seventy-five degrees F.


     503.8.1.2: When used to control cooling only: Seventy degrees to eighty-five degrees F.


     503.8.1.3: When used to control both heating and cooling, it shall be capable of being set from fifty-five degrees to eighty-five degrees F and shall be capable of operating the system heating and cooling in sequence. The thermostat and/or control system shall have an adjustable deadband of not less than ten degrees F.


     503.8.2 Humidity Control: If a system is equipped with a means for adding moisture to maintain specific selected relative humidities in space or zones, a humidistat shall be provided. Humidistats shall be capable of being set to prevent new energy from being used to produce space-relative humidity above thirty percent.

EXCEPTION:

Special uses requiring different relative humidities may be permitted when approved by the building official.

     503.8.3 Zoning for Temperature Control:


     503.8.3.1 One- and Two-Family Dwellings: At least one thermostat for regulation of space temperature shall be provided for each separate system. In addition, a readily accessible manual or automatic means shall be provided to partially restrict or shut off the heating and/or cooling input to each zone or floor.


     503.8.3.2 Multifamily Dwellings: For multifamily dwellings, each individual dwelling unit shall have at least one thermostat for regulation of space temperature. A readily accessible manual or automatic means shall be provided to partially restrict or shut off the heating and/or cooling input to each room. Spaces other than living units shall meet the requirements of 503.8.3.3.


     503.8.3.3 Control Setback and Shutoff:


     One- and Two-Family and Individual Multifamily dwelling units -- The thermostat required in section 503.8.3.1 or section 503.8.3.2, or an alternate means such as a switch or clock, shall provide a readily accessible, manual or automatic means for reducing the energy required for heating and cooling during the periods of nonuse or reduced need, such as, but not limited to unoccupied periods and sleeping hours. Lowering thermostat set points to reduce energy consumption of heating systems shall not cause energy to be expended to reach the reduced setting.


     503.8.3.4 Systems Serving Multiple Dwelling Units, Guest Rooms, and Common Areas: Systems that serve more than two dwelling units, guest rooms, and common areas shall comply with the control requirements in Sections 1412 and 1432, with the exceptions of Sections 1412.4.2 and 1432.1.


     503.8.3.5 Heat Pump Controls: Heat pumps with supplementary electric resistance heaters shall have controls complying with Section 503.8.1. In addition, controls shall meet the following requirements:


     1. Prevent supplementary heater operation when the heating load can be met by the heat pump alone; and


     2. The cut-on temperature for compression heating shall be higher than the cut-on temperature for supplementary heating, and the cut-off temperature for compressing heating shall be higher than the cut-off temperature for supplementary heating.


     All heat pumps installed under this section shall include the capability to lock out the supplementary heat based on outdoor temperature. This control shall have a maximum setting of 40°F. At final inspection, the lock out control shall be set to 32°F or less.

EXCEPTION:

The controls may allow supplementary heater operation during defrost.

     503.9 Air Handling Duct System Insulation: Ducts, plenums and enclosures installed in or on buildings shall be thermally insulated per Table 5-11.

EXCEPTIONS:

Duct insulation (except where required to prevent condensation) is not required in any of the following cases:

	1. When the heat gain or loss of the ducts, without insulation, will not increase the energy requirements of the building.
	2. Within the HVAC equipment.
	3. Exhaust air ducts.
	4. Supply or return air ducts installed in basements or cellars in one-and two-family dwellings.
	5. The insulation required on supply air ducts may be reduced to R-4 when installed in buffer spaces not intended for human occupancy such as insulation crawl spaces and enclosed attic spaces. The buffer space must be air sealed and insulated to the full value of conditioned spaces.

     503.10 Ducts.


     503.10.1 Installation of ducts in exterior walls, floors or ceilings shall not displace required envelope insulation. Building cavities may not be used as ducts.


     503.10.2 Leakage Testing: Ducts shall be leak tested in accordance with RS-33, using the maximum duct leakage rates specified in Section 503.10.3.


     503.10.3 Sealing: All ducts, air handlers, filter boxes, and building cavities used as ducts shall be sealed. Joints and seams shall comply with Section M1601.3 of the International Residential Code or Section 603.9 of the International Mechanical Code. Duct tightness testing shall be conducted to verify that the ducts are sealed. A signed affidavit documenting the test results shall be provided to the jurisdiction having authority by the testing agent. When required by the building official, the test shall be conducted in the presence of department staff. Duct tightness shall be verified by either of the following:


     1. Postconstruction test: Leakage to outdoors shall be less than or equal to 6 cfm per 100 ft² of conditioned floor area or a total leakage less than or equal to 8 cfm per 100 ft² of conditioned floor area when tested at a pressure differential of 0.1 inches w.g. (25 Pa) across the entire system, including the manufacturer's air handler enclosure. All register boots shall be taped or otherwise sealed during the test.


     2. Rough-in test: Total leakage shall be less than or equal to 6 cfm per 100 ft² of conditioned floor area when tested at a pressure differential of 0.1 inches w.g. (25 Pa) across the roughed-in system, including the manufacturer's air handler enclosure. All register boots shall be taped or otherwise sealed during the test. If the air handler is not installed at the time of the test, total leakage shall be less than or equal to 4 cfm per 100 ft² of conditioned floor area.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Duct tightness test is not required if the air handler and all ducts are located within conditioned space.

2. Duct tightness test is not required if the furnace is a nondirect vent type combustion appliance installed in an unconditioned space. A maximum of six feet of connected ductwork in the unconditioned space is allowed. All additional supply and return ducts shall be within the conditioned space. Ducts outside the conditioned space shall be sealed with a mastic type duct sealant and insulated on the exterior with R-8 insulation for above grade ducts and R-5 water resistant insulation when within a slab or earth.

     503.10.4 Dampers: Requirements for Automatic or manual dampers are found in Chapter 15 of the Washington State Residential Code (chapter 51-51 WAC).


     503.11 Pipe Insulation: All piping shall be thermally insulated in accordance with Table 5-12.

EXCEPTION:

Piping installed within unitary HVAC equipment.

Cold water pipes outside the conditioned space shall be insulated in accordance with the Washington State Plumbing Code (chapter 51-56 WAC).



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 12-07-017, § 51-11-0503, filed 3/12/12, effective 4/12/12. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0503, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045 and chapters 19.27, 19.27A, and 34.05 RCW. 09-06-024, § 51-11-0503, filed 2/23/09, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0503, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-0503, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04; 02-24-076, § 51-11-0503, filed 12/4/02, effective 5/1/03. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-0503, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02; 01-03-010, § 51-11-0503, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045, and 19.27.020. 98-24-075, § 51-11-0503, filed 12/1/98, effective 7/1/99. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025 and 19.27A.045. 98-03-003, § 51-11-0503, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0503, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0503, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0503, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

     Reviser's note:  Notice of Objection: The Joint Administrative Rules Review Committee (Committee) finds that, in adopting the 2009 proposed changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, on November 20, 2009, the State Building Code Council (Council) failed to comply with all requirements of the law and failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional economic impact and cost-benefit analyses prior to adoption.

     On October 1, 2009, the Committee found that the Small Business Economic Impact Statement (SBEIS) for the proposed changes filed with the Code Reviser failed to comply with all requirements of law. The Committee requested that the Council conduct a cost-benefit analysis pursuant to RCW 34.05.328 and amend the SBEIS to provide additional economic impact information, including an estimate of the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with all the proposed rules, as required by RCW 19.85.040 (2)(d).

     The Council provided the Committee with information and data on November 18, 2009. On December 2, 2009, the Committee found that the Council failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional data. Specifically, the Committee found that the Council failed to amend the SBEIS to (a) estimate the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with the proposed changes; and (b) support the SBEIS with a detailed and rigorous costs analysis of the cumulative impact of all the changes. In addition, the Committee found that the Council failed to provide the Committee with a cost-benefit analysis of the proposed changes and pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.05.328.

     The Committee strongly supports a process that makes thoughtful and informed progress towards changes that result in improved energy efficiency in our buildings, wherever practicable. While the Council worked diligently, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council did not fully develop and consider the economic impacts and costs versus benefits of these significant changes to our Energy Code. Furthermore, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council and the Legislature need this information to fully evaluate the value, impacts, and consequences of the proposed codes, with due diligence to their respective fiduciary responsibilities, in order to create the best informed public policy.

     As a result, the Committee recommends that the Governor suspend the adoption and implementation of the changes to the Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, until such time as a more adequate analysis has been completed and considered by the appropriate bodies.

     For all of the above stated reasons, the Committee objects to the changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, that were adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, and hereby directs the Code Reviser, pursuant to RCW 34.05.640(4), to publish this Notice of Objection in the Washington State Register and along with any publication in the Washington Administrative Code of changes to Chapter 51-11 WAC that were adopted by the Council in 2009 and filed with the Code Reviser.

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0504
Domestic water systems.

  


     504.1 Scope: The purpose of this section is to provide criteria for design and equipment selection that will produce energy savings when applied to domestic water systems.


     504.2 Water Heaters, Storage Tanks and Boilers:


     504.2.1 Performance Efficiency: Domestic water heating equipment shall comply with the applicable efficiencies in Tables 14-1A through 14-1G. All electric water heaters in unheated spaces or on concrete floors shall be placed on an incompressible, insulated surface with a minimum thermal resistance of R-10.


     For combination space and service water heaters with a principal function of providing space heat, the Combined Annual Efficiency (CAE) may be calculated by using ASHRAE Standard 124-1991. Storage water heaters used in combination space heat and water heat applications shall have either an Energy Factor (EF) or a Combined Annual Efficiency (CAE) of not less than the following:

	Energy Factor (EF)	Combined Annual Efficiency (CAE)
<50 gallon storage	0.58	0.71
50 to 70 gallon storage	0.57	0.71
>70 gallon storage	0.55	0.70

    
     504.2.2 Insulation: Heat loss from unfired hot-water storage tanks shall be limited to a maximum of 9.6 Btu/hr/ft² of external tank surface area. The design ambient temperature shall be no higher than sixty-five degrees F.


     504.2.3 Combination Service Water Heating/Space Heating Boilers: Service water heating equipment shall not be dependent on year round operation of space heating boilers.

EXCEPTIONS:	1. Systems with service/space heating boilers having a standby loss Btu/h less than:
			(13.3 pmd 400)/n
	determined by the fixture count method where:
	pmd	=	probably maximum demand in gallons/hour as determined in accordance with Chapter 49 of Standard RS-11.
	n	=	fraction of year when outdoor daily mean temperature exceeds 64.9° F.
	The standby loss is to be determined for a test period of twenty-four-hour duration while maintaining a boiler water temperature of ninety degrees F above an ambient of sixty degrees F and a five foot stack on appliance.
	2. For systems where the use of a single heating unit will lead to energy savings, such unit shall be utilized.

     504.3 Automatic Controls: Service water heating systems shall be equipped with automatic temperature controls capable of adjustment from the lowest to the highest acceptable temperature settings for the intended use. Temperature setting range shall be set to one hundred twenty degrees F or forty-nine degrees C.


     504.4 Shutdown: A separate switch shall be provided to permit turning off the energy supplied to electric service water heating systems. A separate valve shall be provided to permit turning off the energy supplied to the main burner(s) of all other types of service water heater systems.


     504.5 Swimming Pools:


     504.5.1 Controls: All pool heaters shall be equipped with readily accessible ON/OFF switch to allow shutting off the operation of the heater without adjusting the thermostat setting. Controls shall be provided to allow the water temperature to be regulated from the maximum design temperature down to sixty-five degrees F.


     504.5.2 Residential Pool Pumps:


     504.5.2.1 Motor Efficiency: Pool pump motors may not be split-phase or capacitor start-induction run type.


     504.5.2.2 Two-Speed Capability:


     1. Pump motors: Pool pump motors with a capacity of 1 hp or more shall have the capability of operating at two or more speeds with low speed having a rotation rate that is no more than one-half of the motor's maximum rotation rate.


     2. Pump controls: Pool pump motor controls shall have the capability of operating the pool pump with at least two speeds. The default circulation speed shall be the lowest speed, with a high speed override capability being for a temporary period not to exceed one normal cycle.


     504.5.2.3 Portable Electric Spas: The standby power of portable electric spas shall not be greater than 5(V2/3) watts where V = the total volume, in gallons.


     504.5.3 Pool Covers: Heated swimming pools shall be equipped with a pool cover, approved by the building official.


     504.6 Pump Operation: Circulating water systems shall be controlled so that the circulation pump(s) can be conveniently turned off, automatically or manually, when the water system is not in operation.


     504.7 Pipe Insulation: Piping shall be thermally insulated in accordance with section 503.11.


     504.8 Conservation of Water:


     504.8.1 Showers and Lavatories: Showers and lavatories used for other than safety reasons shall be equipped with flow control devices or specially manufactured showerheads or aerators to limit the total water flow rate as set forth in chapter 51-56 WAC, as measured with both hot and cold faucets turned on to their maximum flow.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0504, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0504, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-0504, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010, § 51-11-0504, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, § 51-11-0504, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0504, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0504, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

     Reviser's note:  Notice of Objection: The Joint Administrative Rules Review Committee (Committee) finds that, in adopting the 2009 proposed changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, on November 20, 2009, the State Building Code Council (Council) failed to comply with all requirements of the law and failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional economic impact and cost-benefit analyses prior to adoption.

     On October 1, 2009, the Committee found that the Small Business Economic Impact Statement (SBEIS) for the proposed changes filed with the Code Reviser failed to comply with all requirements of law. The Committee requested that the Council conduct a cost-benefit analysis pursuant to RCW 34.05.328 and amend the SBEIS to provide additional economic impact information, including an estimate of the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with all the proposed rules, as required by RCW 19.85.040 (2)(d).

     The Council provided the Committee with information and data on November 18, 2009. On December 2, 2009, the Committee found that the Council failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional data. Specifically, the Committee found that the Council failed to amend the SBEIS to (a) estimate the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with the proposed changes; and (b) support the SBEIS with a detailed and rigorous costs analysis of the cumulative impact of all the changes. In addition, the Committee found that the Council failed to provide the Committee with a cost-benefit analysis of the proposed changes and pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.05.328.

     The Committee strongly supports a process that makes thoughtful and informed progress towards changes that result in improved energy efficiency in our buildings, wherever practicable. While the Council worked diligently, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council did not fully develop and consider the economic impacts and costs versus benefits of these significant changes to our Energy Code. Furthermore, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council and the Legislature need this information to fully evaluate the value, impacts, and consequences of the proposed codes, with due diligence to their respective fiduciary responsibilities, in order to create the best informed public policy.

     As a result, the Committee recommends that the Governor suspend the adoption and implementation of the changes to the Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, until such time as a more adequate analysis has been completed and considered by the appropriate bodies.

     For all of the above stated reasons, the Committee objects to the changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, that were adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, and hereby directs the Code Reviser, pursuant to RCW 34.05.640(4), to publish this Notice of Objection in the Washington State Register and along with any publication in the Washington Administrative Code of changes to Chapter 51-11 WAC that were adopted by the Council in 2009 and filed with the Code Reviser.

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0505
Lighting.

  


     505.1 Interior Lighting: A minimum of 50 percent of all luminaires shall be high efficacy luminaires.

EXCEPTION:

Lighting that complies with the Prescriptive Lighting Option in Section 1520 or the Lighting Power Allowance Option in Section 1530.

     505.2 Exterior Lighting: Luminaires providing outdoor lighting and permanently mounted to a residential building or to other buildings on the same lot shall be high efficacy luminaires.

EXCEPTIONS:	1. Permanently installed outdoor luminaires that are not high efficacy shall be allowed provided they are controlled by a motion sensor(s) with integral photocontrol photosensor.
	2. Permanently installed luminaires in or around swimming pools, water features.

     505.3 Linear Fluorescent Fixtures: Linear fluorescent fixtures must be fitted with T-8 or smaller lamps (but not T-10 or T-12 lamps).



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056 § 51-11-0505, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0505, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-0505, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010, § 51-11-0505, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0505, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0505, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0505, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0525
Equation 1 — Single-family residential.

  

EQUATION 1 -- SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL

TARGET UA

UAT	=	UWAW UBGWABGW UVGAVG UOGAOG UFAF URCARC UDAD FSPS
	Where:
	UAT		=	the target combined thermal transmittance of the gross exterior wall, floor and roof/ceiling assembly area.
	UW		=	the thermal transmittance value of the opaque above grade wall area found in Table 5-1.
	AW		=	opaque above grade wall area.
	UBGW		=	the thermal transmittance value of the below grade opaque wall area found in Table 5-1.
	ABGW		=	opaque below grade wall area.
	UVG		=	the thermal transmittance value of the vertical glazing area found in Table 5-1.
	AVG		=	15% of the total floor area of the conditioned space minus AOG.
	UOG		=	the thermal transmittance value of the overhead glazing area found in Table 5-1.
	AOG		=	overhead glazing area (if the proposed AOG exceeds 15 percent, the target AOG shall be 15 percent of the total floor area of the conditioned space).
	UF		=	the thermal transmittance value of the floor area found in Table 5-1.
	AF		=	floor area over unconditioned space.
	URC		=	the thermal transmittance value of the roof/ceiling area found in Table 5-1.
	ARC		=	roof/ceiling area.
	UD		=	the thermal transmittance value of the opaque door area found in Table 5-1.
	AD		=	opaque door area.
	FS		=	concrete slab component F-factor found in Table 5-1.
	PS		=	lineal ft. of concrete slab perimeter.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0525, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0525, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025 and 19.27A.045. 98-03-003, § 51-11-0525, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27, 19.27A and 34.05 RCW. 94-05-059, § 51-11-0525, filed 2/10/94, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0525, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0526
Equation 2 — All occupancies.

  

EQUATION 2 -- ALL OCCUPANCIES

U	=	1
		ro R1 R2 . . . ri
Where:
U	=	the thermal transmittance of the assembly.
ro	=	outside air film resistance.
ro	=	.17 for all exterior surfaces.
ri	=	inside air film resistance.
ri	=	0.61 for interior horizontal surfaces, heat flow up.
ri	=	0.92 for interior horizontal surfaces, heat flow down.
ri	=	0.68 for interior vertical surfaces.
R	=	1 C	=	X K	=	measure of the resistance to the passage of heat for each element.
C	=	conductance, the heat flow through a specific material of specific thickness.
K	=	insulation value of a material per inch.
X	=	the thickness of the material in inches.

[Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0526, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0527
Equation 3 — Single-family residential.

  

EQUATION 3 -- SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL

PROPOSED UA

	UA	=	UWAW UBGWABGW UVGAVG UOGAOG UFAF URCARC UDAD FSPS
	Where:
	UA	=	the combined thermal transmittance of the gross exterior wall, floor and roof/ceiling assembly area.
	UW	=	the thermal transmittance of the opaque wall area.
	AW	=	opaque wall area.
	UBGW	=	the thermal transmittance value of the below grade opaque wall area.
	ABGW	=	opaque below grade wall area.
	UVG	=	the thermal transmittance value of the vertical glazing area.
	AVG	=	vertical glazing area, including windows in exterior doors.
	UOG	=	the thermal transmittance value of the overhead glazing area.
	AOG	=	overhead glazing area.
	UF	=	the thermal transmittance of the floor area.
	AF	=	floor area over unconditioned space.
	URC	=	the thermal transmittance of the roof/ceiling area.
	ARC	=	roof/ceiling area.
	UD	=	the thermal transmittance value of the opaque door area.
	AD	=	opaque door area.
	FS	=	concrete slab component F-factor.
	PS	=	lineal ft. of concrete slab perimeter.
NOTE: Where more than one type of wall, window, roof/ceiling, door and skylight is used, the U and A terms for those items shall be expanded into sub-elements as:
		UW1AW1 UW2AW2 UW3AW3 . . . etc.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0527, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11; 98-03-003, § 51-11-0527, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27, 19.27A and 34.05 RCW. 94-05-059, § 51-11-0527, filed 2/10/94, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0527, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0528
Equation 4 — Reserved.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0528, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0528, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0529
Equation 5 — Reserved.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0529, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0529, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0530
Table 5-1.

  

TABLE 5-1

TARGET COMPONENT VALUES FOR SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL

	Climate Zone
Component	1	2
Glazing % Floor Area	15%	15%
Vertical Glazing U-Factor	U = 0.30	U = 0.30
Overhead Glazing U-Factor	U = 0.50	U = 0.50
Doors	U = 0.200	U = 0.200
Ceilings	U = 0.027	U = 0.027
Walls	U = 0.056	U = 0.056
Floors	U = 0.029	U = 0.029
Slab on Grade	F = 0.36	F = 0.36
Below Grade
Wall R-Value	R-21	R-21
2' Depth: Walls      Slab	U = 0.042 F = 0.59	U = 0.042 F = 0.59
3.5' Depth: Walls      Slab	U = 0.041 F = 0.64	U = 0.041 F = 0.64
7' Depth: Walls      Slab	U = 0.037 F = 0.57	U = 0.037 F = 0.57

Log and Solid Timber walls that have a minimum average thickness of 3.5" in spaces with space heating by "other fuels" are exempt from wall target UA and proposed UA calculations.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0530, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0530, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-0530, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02; 01-03-010, § 51-11-0530, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, § 51-11-0530, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27 and 19.27A RCW and 1994 c 226. 95-01-126, § 51-11-0530, filed 12/21/94, effective 6/30/95. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0530, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0531
Table 5-2 — Reserved.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0531, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0531, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0532
Table 5-3 — Reserved.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0532, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0532, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0533
Table 5-4 — Reserved.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-0533, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0533, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0534
Table 5-5 — Reserved.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-0534, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0534, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0535
Table 5-6 — Reserved.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-0535, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0535, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0536
Table 5-7 — Reserved.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-0536, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0536, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0537
Table 5-8 — Reserved.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-0537, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0537, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0538
Table 5-9 — Reserved.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0538, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0538, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0539
Table 5-10 — Reserved.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0539, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0539, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2010.)

51-11-0540
Table 5-11.

  

TABLE 5-11

INSULATION OF DUCTS

DUCT LOCATION

CLIMATE ZONE

SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL HEATING OR COOLING DUCTS

On roof or on exterior of building	I II	E           and W D and W
Attic, garage, crawl space, in walls1, in floor/ceiling1	I II	E E
Within the conditioned space or in heated basement		None Required
In cement slab or in ground		B

Note:	Where ducts are used for both heating and cooling, the minimum insulation shall be as required for the most restrictive condition.
1	Insulation may be omitted on that portion of a duct which is located within a wall or floor-ceiling space where both sides of this space are      exposed to conditioned air and where this space is not ventilated or otherwise exposed to unconditioned air.

INSULATION TYPES: Minimum densities and out-of-package thickness.

A.	0.5-inch 1.5 to 2 lb/cu. ft. duct liner, mineral or glass fiber blanket or equivalent to provide an installed total thermal resistance of at least      R-2.
B.	2-inch 0.60 lb/cu. ft. mineral or glass fiber blanket 1.5-inch 1.5 to 2 lb/cu. ft. duct liner, mineral or glass fiber blanket. 1.5-inch 3 to 7      lb/cu. ft. mineral or glass fiber board or equivalent to provide an installed total thermal resistance of at least R-5.
C.	3-inch 0.60 lb/cu. ft. mineral or glass fiber blanket 2-inch 1.5 to 2 lb/cu. ft. duct liner, mineral or glass fiber blanket. 2-inch 3 to 7 lb/cu. ft.      mineral or glass fiber board or equivalent to provide an installed total thermal resistance of at least R-7.
D.	4-inch 0.60 lb/cu. ft. mineral or glass fiber blanket 3-inch 1.5 to 2 lb/cu. ft. duct liner, mineral or glass fiber blanket. 3-inch 3 to 7 lb/cu. ft.      mineral or glass fiber board or equivalent to provide an installed total thermal resistance of at least R-10.
E.	3.5 inch 0.60 lb/cu. ft. mineral or glass fiber blanket, 2.5 inch 1.5 to 2 lb/cu. ft. duct liner, mineral or glass fiberboard or equivalent to      provide an installed total thermal resistance of at least R-8.
W.	Approved weatherproof barrier.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0540, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0540, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0540, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0540, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0541
Table 5-12.

  

TABLE 5-12

MINIMUM PIPE INSULATION THICKNESS¹

Fluid Design Operating Temp. Range, °F	Insulation Conductivity		Normal Pipe or Tube Size (in.)
	Conductivity Range Btu•in./(h•ft2•°F)	Mean Rating Temp. °F	<1	1 to <1-1/2	1-1/2 to <4	4 to <8	>8
Heating Systems (Steam, Steam Condensate and Hot Water)2
>350 251-350 201-250 141-200 105-140	0.32-0.34 0.29-0.32 0.27-0.30 0.25-0.29 0.22-0.28	250 200 150 125 100	3.0 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.0	3.5 3.0 2.0 1.5 1.0	3.5 3.5 2.5 1.5 1.5	4.5 3.5 2.5 2.0 1.5	4.5 3.5 2.5 2.0 1.5
Domestic and Service Hot Water Systems
≥105	0.22-0.28	100	1.0	1.0	1.5	1.5	1.5
Cooling Systems (Chilled Water, Brine and Refrigerant)
40-60 <40	0.22-0.28 0.22-0.28	100 100	1.0 1.0	1.0 1.5	1.5 1.5	1.5 1.5	1.5 2.0

1.	For insulation outside the stated conductivity range, the minimum thickness (T) shall be determined as follows:

			T	=	r{(1 t/r)K/k - 1}
Where:
T	=	Minimum insulation thickness, inches
r	=	Actual outside radius of pipe, inches
t	=	Insulation thickness from Table 5-12 for applicable fluid temperature and pipe size
K	=	Conductivity of alternate material at the mean rating temperature indicated for the applicable fluid temperature, Btu•in(h•ft2•°F)
k	=	The upper value of the conductivity range listed in Table 5-12 for the applicable fluid temperature

2.	Piping insulation is not required between the control valve and coil on runouts when the control valve is located within 4 feet of the coil and the pipe size is 1 inch or less.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0541, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11; 98-03-003, § 51-11-0541, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0541, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0542
Table 5-13 — Reserved.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0542, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0542, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0600
Chapter 6 building design by prescriptive requirements approach.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-06-065, § 51-11-0600, filed 3/1/91, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0601
Scope.

  


     601.1 General: This chapter establishes design criteria in terms of prescribed requirements for building construction.


     The provisions of this chapter are applicable to all single-family residential dwellings. Spaces shall comply with all the requirements of Chapter 5 except for the modifications herein specified. In addition, the design shall comply with the additional energy efficiency requirements of Chapter 9.

     For duplexes and townhouses, compliance shall be shown on a dwelling-unit by dwelling-unit basis. Averaging is not allowed.


     For wood frame assemblies, the building envelope requirements of this chapter may be met by installing one of the prescriptive packages in Table 6-1 or 6-2. Installed components shall meet the requirements of section 602. Compliance with nominal R-Values shall be demonstrated for the thermal resistance of the added insulation in framing cavities and/or insulated sheathing only and shall not include the thermal transmittance of other building materials or air films, but shall permit interruption by occasional framing members. Other than wood frame assemblies with continuous insulation uninterrupted by framing shall also be allowed to comply with nominal R-values.


     For metal frame assemblies, compliance shall be demonstrated in accordance with Chapter 4 or Chapter 5 based on the assemblies in Chapter 10. Compliance with nominal R-values is not allowed, unless the full nominal R-value of the insulation is installed either inside or outside of the framing and is uninterrupted by framing.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0601, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-0601, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04; 02-24-076, § 51-11-0601, filed 12/4/02, effective 5/1/03. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-0601, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02; 01-03-010, § 51-11-0601, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27, 19.27A and 34.05 RCW. 94-05-059, § 51-11-0601, filed 2/10/94, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0601, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0602
Building envelope requirements for single-family residential.

  


     602.1 Roof/Ceiling: Ceilings below vented attics and single-rafter, joist-vaulted ceilings shall be insulated to not less than the nominal R-value specified for ceilings in Table 6-1 or 6-2 as applicable.


     602.2 Exterior Walls Both Above and Below Grade: Above grade exterior walls shall be insulated to not less than the nominal R-value specified in Table 6-1 or 6-2 as applicable. The following walls should be considered to meet R-21 without additional documentation:


     1. 2 x 6 framed and insulated with R-21 fiberglass batts.


     2. 2 x 4 framed and insulated with R-15 fiberglass batts plus R-4.0 foam sheathing.


     3. 2 x 4 framed and insulated with R-13 fiberglass batts plus R-5.0 foam sheathing.


     4. 2 x 6 framed and insulated to full depth with spray applied or blown insulation having a minimum R-value of 3.6 per inch of thickness.


     602.3 Exterior Walls (Below Grade): Below grade exterior walls surrounding conditioned space shall be insulated to not less than the nominal R-value specified for below grade walls in Table 6-1 or 6-2 as applicable.


     602.4 Slab-on-grade Floors: Slab-on-grade floors shall be insulated along their perimeter to not less than the nominal R-values specified for slab-on-grade floors in Table 6-1 or 6-2 as applicable. Slab insulation shall be installed in compliance with section 502.1.4.8. See Chapter 5, section 502.1.4.9, for additional requirements for radiant slab heating.


     602.5 Floors Over Unconditioned Space: Floors over unconditioned spaces, such as vented crawl spaces, unconditioned basements, and parking garages shall be insulated to not less than the nominal R-value shown for floors over unconditioned spaces, in Table 6-1 or 6-2.


     602.6 Exterior Doors: Doors shall comply with Sections602.6.1 and 602.6.2.

EXCEPTIONS:	1. Glazed doors whose area and U-factor are included in the calculations for compliance with the requirements for glazing in section 602.7 shall be exempt from the door U-factor requirements prescribed in Table 6-1 or 6-2.
	2. One unlabeled or untested exterior swinging door with the maximum area of 24 square feet may be installed per unit for ornamental, security or architectural purposes. Products using this exception shall not be included in either the U-factor or glazing area calculation requirements.

     602.6.1 Exterior Door Area: For half-lite and full-lite doors, the glazing area shall be included in calculating the allowed total glazing area in Section 602.7.1.


     602.6.2 Exterior Door U-Factor: Doors, including fire doors, shall have a maximum area weighted average U-factor not exceeding that prescribed in Table 6-1 or 6-2.


     602.7 Glazing:


     602.7.1 Glazing Area: The total glazing area as defined in Chapter 2 shall not exceed the percentage of gross conditioned floor area specified in Table 6-1 or 6-2. This area shall also include any glazing in doors.


     602.7.2 Glazing U-Factor: The total glazing area as defined in Chapter 2 shall have an area weighted average U-factor not to exceed that specified in Table 6-1 or 6-2. U-factors for glazing shall be determined in accordance with section 502.1.5. These areas and U-factors shall also include any doors using the exception of section 602.6.


     If the U-factors for all vertical and overhead glazing products are below the appropriate U-factor specified, then no calculations are required. If compliance is to be achieved through an area weighted calculation, then the areas and U-factors shall be included in the plans submitted with a building permit application.

EXCEPTION:

Double glazed garden windows with a wood or vinyl frame shall be exempt from the U-factor calculations but shall have its area tripled and shall be included in the percentage of the total glazing area as allowed for in Table 6-1 or 6-2. The maximum area (before tripling) allowed for the total of all garden windows is one percent of the floor area or 20 square feet, whichever is less.

     602.8 Air Leakage For Single-Family Residential: The minimum air leakage control measures shall be as specified in section 502.4 as applicable, including building envelope air leakage testing.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0602, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0602, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 02-24-076, § 51-11-0602, filed 12/4/02, effective 5/1/03. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-0602, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02; 98-03-003, § 51-11-0602, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27, 19.27A and 34.05 RCW. 94-05-059, § 51-11-0602, filed 2/10/94, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0602, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

     Reviser's note:  Notice of Objection: The Joint Administrative Rules Review Committee (Committee) finds that, in adopting the 2009 proposed changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, on November 20, 2009, the State Building Code Council (Council) failed to comply with all requirements of the law and failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional economic impact and cost-benefit analyses prior to adoption.

     On October 1, 2009, the Committee found that the Small Business Economic Impact Statement (SBEIS) for the proposed changes filed with the Code Reviser failed to comply with all requirements of law. The Committee requested that the Council conduct a cost-benefit analysis pursuant to RCW 34.05.328 and amend the SBEIS to provide additional economic impact information, including an estimate of the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with all the proposed rules, as required by RCW 19.85.040 (2)(d).

     The Council provided the Committee with information and data on November 18, 2009. On December 2, 2009, the Committee found that the Council failed to adequately respond to the Committee's request for additional data. Specifically, the Committee found that the Council failed to amend the SBEIS to (a) estimate the number of jobs that would be created or lost as a result of compliance with the proposed changes; and (b) support the SBEIS with a detailed and rigorous costs analysis of the cumulative impact of all the changes. In addition, the Committee found that the Council failed to provide the Committee with a cost-benefit analysis of the proposed changes and pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.05.328.

     The Committee strongly supports a process that makes thoughtful and informed progress towards changes that result in improved energy efficiency in our buildings, wherever practicable. While the Council worked diligently, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council did not fully develop and consider the economic impacts and costs versus benefits of these significant changes to our Energy Code. Furthermore, it is the opinion of the Committee that the Council and the Legislature need this information to fully evaluate the value, impacts, and consequences of the proposed codes, with due diligence to their respective fiduciary responsibilities, in order to create the best informed public policy.

     As a result, the Committee recommends that the Governor suspend the adoption and implementation of the changes to the Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, until such time as a more adequate analysis has been completed and considered by the appropriate bodies.

     For all of the above stated reasons, the Committee objects to the changes to the State Energy Code, Chapter 51-11 WAC, that were adopted by the Council on November 20, 2009, and hereby directs the Code Reviser, pursuant to RCW 34.05.640(4), to publish this Notice of Objection in the Washington State Register and along with any publication in the Washington Administrative Code of changes to Chapter 51-11 WAC that were adopted by the Council in 2009 and filed with the Code Reviser.

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0603
Mechanical systems for single-family residential.

  


     603.1: Spaces that are heated by air-to-air, ground-to-air, or water-to-air heat pumps shall comply with Table 6-1 or 6-2. System sizing shall be determined by an analysis consistent with section 503.2 of this Code. All mechanical equipment efficiencies shall comply with standard as stated in Section 503 of this Code.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0603, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11; 02-01-112, § 51-11-0603, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27, 19.27A and 34.05 RCW. 94-05-059, § 51-11-0603, filed 2/10/94, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0603, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0604
Domestic water systems.

  Domestic water systems, including plumbing fixtures and appliances, shall comply with Section 504.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0604, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11; 01-03-010, § 51-11-0604, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0604, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0605
Lighting.

  Lighting shall comply with Section 505.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010, § 51-11-0605, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025. 93-21-052, § 51-11-0605, filed 10/18/93, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0605, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0625
Table 6-1.

  

TABLE 6-1

PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS^0,1 FOR SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL

CLIMATE ZONE 1

Option	Glazing Area10: % of Floor	Glazing U-Factor		Door9 U- Factor	Ceiling2	Vaulted Ceiling3	Wall12 Above Grade	Wall• int4 Below Grade	Wall• ext4 Below Grade	Floor5	Slab6 on Grade
		Vertical	Overhead11
I.	13%	0.34	0.50	0.20	R-49 or R-38 adv	R-38	R-21 int7	R-21 TB	R-10	R-30	R-10 2'
II.*	25%	0.32	0.50	0.20	R-49 or R-38 adv	R-38	R-21 int7	R-21 TB	R-10	R-30	R-10 2'
III.	Unlimited	0.30	0.50	0.20	R-49 or R-38 adv	R-38	R-21 int7	R-21 TB	R-10	R-30	R-10 2'

*	Reference Case
0.	Nominal R-values are for wood frame assemblies only or assemblies built in accordance with Section 601.1.
1.	Minimum requirements for each option listed. For example, if a proposed design has a glazing ratio to the conditioned floor area of 15%, it shall comply with all of the requirements of the 25% glazing option (or higher). Proposed designs which cannot meet the specific requirements of a listed option above may calculate compliance by Chapters 4 or 5 of this Code.
2.	Requirement applies to all ceilings except single rafter or joist vaulted ceilings complying with note 3. 'Adv' denotes Advanced Framed Ceiling.
3.	Requirement applicable only to single rafter or joist vaulted ceilings.
4.	Below grade walls shall be insulated either on the exterior to a minimum level of R-10, continuous or on the interior as a framed wall. Exterior insulation installed on below grade walls shall be a water resistant material, manufactured for its intended use, and installed according to the manufacturer's specifications. See Section 602.2.
5.	Floors over crawl spaces or exposed to ambient air conditions.
6.	Required slab perimeter insulation shall be a water resistant material, manufactured for its intended use, and installed according to manufacturer's specifications. See Section 602.4. For slabs inside a foundation wall, the insulation shall be installed to provide a thermal break (TB) between the slab edge and the foundation. Monolithic slabs shall include insulation, installed outside the foundation wall, and shall extend downward from the top of the slab for a minimum distance of 24 inches or downward and then horizontally for a minimum combined distance of 24 inches. Monolithic slabs shall also include R-10 insulation under the nonload bearing portions of the slab.
7.	Int. denotes standard framing 16 inches on center with headers insulated with a minimum of R-10 insulation.
8.	Reserved.
9.	Doors, including all fire doors, shall be assigned default U-factors from Table 10-6C.
10.	Where a maximum glazing area is listed, the total glazing area (combined vertical plus overhead) as a percent of gross conditioned floor area shall be less than or equal to that value. Overhead glazing with U-factor of U = 0.35 or less is not included in glazing area limitations.
11.	Overhead glazing shall have U-factors determined in accordance with NFRC 100 or as specified in Section 502.1.5.
12.	Log and solid timber walls with a minimum average thickness of 3.5" are exempt from this insulation requirement.

TABLE 6-2

PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS^0,1 FOR SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL

CLIMATE ZONE 2

Option	Glazing Area10: % of Floor	Glazing U-Factor		Door9 U- Factor	Ceiling2	Vaulted Ceiling3	Wall12 Above Grade	Wall• int4 Below Grade	Wall• ext4 Below Grade	Floor5	Slab6 on Grade
		Vertical	Overhead11
I.	12%	0.32	0.50	0.20	R-49 or R-38 adv	R-38	R-21 int7	R-21 TB	R-12	R-30	R-10 2'
II.*	15%	0.32	0.50	0.20	R-49 or R-38 adv	R-38	R-19 58	R-21 TB	R-12	R-30	R-10 2'
III.	Unlimited	0.30	0.50	0.20	R-49 or R-38 adv	R-38	R-19 58	R-21 TB	R-12	R-30	R-10 2'

*	Reference Case.
0.	Nominal R-values are for wood frame assemblies only or assemblies built in accordance with Section 601.1.
1.	Minimum requirements for each option listed. For example, if a proposed design has a glazing ratio to the conditioned floor area of 13%, it shall comply with all of the requirements of the 15% glazing option (or higher). Proposed designs which cannot meet the specific requirements of a listed option above may calculate compliance by Chapters 4 or 5 of this Code.
2.	Requirement applies to all ceilings except single rafter or joist vaulted ceilings complying with note 3. 'Adv' denotes Advanced Framed Ceiling.
3.	Requirement applicable only to single rafter or joist vaulted ceilings.
4.	Below grade walls shall be insulated either on the exterior to a minimum level of R-12, continuous or on the interior as a framed wall. Exterior insulation installed on below grade walls shall be a water resistant material, manufactured for its intended use, and installed according to the manufacturer's specifications. See Section 602.2.
5.	Floors over crawl spaces or exposed to ambient air conditions.
6.	Required slab perimeter insulation shall be a water resistant material, manufactured for its intended use, and installed according to manufacturer's specifications. See Section 602.4. For slabs inside a foundation wall, the insulation shall be installed to provide a thermal break (TB) between the slab edge and the foundation. Monolithic slabs shall include insulation, installed outside the foundation wall, and shall extend downward from the top of the slab for a minimum distance of 24 inches or downward and then horizontally for a minimum combined distance of 24 inches. Monolithic slabs shall also include R-10 insulation under the nonload bearing portions of the slab.
7.	Int. denotes standard framing 16 inches on center with headers insulated with a minimum of R-10 insulation.
8.	Reserved.
9.	Doors, including all fire doors, shall be assigned default U-factors from Table 10-6C.
10.	Where a maximum glazing area is listed, the total glazing area (combined vertical plus overhead) as a percent of gross conditioned floor area shall be less than or equal to that value. Overhead glazing with U-factor of U = 0.35 or less is not included in glazing area limitations.
11.	Overhead glazing shall have U-factors determined in accordance with NFRC 100 or as specified in Section 502.1.5.
12.	Log and solid timber walls with a minimum average thickness of 3.5" are exempt from this insulation requirement.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-22-057, § 51-11-0625, filed 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11; 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0625, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0625, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-0625, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04; 02-24-076, § 51-11-0625, filed 12/4/02, effective 5/1/03. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-0625, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02; 01-03-010, § 51-11-0625, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, § 51-11-0625, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27 and 19.27A RCW and 1994 c 226. 95-01-126, § 51-11-0625, filed 12/21/94, effective 6/30/95. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27, 19.27A and 34.05 RCW. 94-05-059, § 51-11-0625, filed 2/10/94, effective 4/1/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-0625, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0700
Chapter 7 — Standards.

  



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0700, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0701
Scope.

  The following standards shall apply to Chapters 1 through 20. The standards and portions thereof, which are referred to in various parts of this Code shall be part of the Washington State Energy Code and are hereby declared to be a part of this Code.

REFERENCE STANDARD NO.	TITLE AND SOURCE
RS-1	2009 ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook.
RS-2	Super Good Cents Technical Reference C Builder's Field Guide.
RS-3	(Reserved).
RS-4	ASHRAE Standard 55-2004 Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy.
RS-5	2006 ASHRAE Refrigeration Handbook.
RS-6	(Reserved.)
RS-7	SMACNA, HVAC Duct Construction Standards, Metal and Flexible, 2005.
RS-8	(Reserved.)
RS-9	ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2007, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings.
RS-10	2008 ASHRAE HVAC Systems and Equipment Handbook.
RS-11	2007 ASHRAE HVAC Applications Handbook.
RS-12	through RS-28 (Reserved).
RS-29	Nonresidential Building Design by Systems Analysis.
RS-30	Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R.), Part 430 (March 14, 1988).
RS-31	National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) Standard 100-2004.
RS-32	Seattle EnvStd 2006.
RS-33	Duct Testing Standard for New and Existing Construction, Washington State University Extension Energy Program Publication #WSUEEP 09-008.
RS-34	Optional Acceptance Requirements for Nonresidential Buildings, SBCC 2009.

ACCREDITED AUTHORITATIVE AGENCIES

     ANSI refers to the American National Standards Institute, Inc., 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036

Phone 212-642-4900 fax 212-398-0023, internet www.ansi.org


     AHRI refers to the Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute, 4301 N. Fairfax Dr., Suite 425, Arlington, VA 22203

Phone 703-524-8800 fax 703-528-3816, internet www.ari.org


     ASHRAE refers to the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle, N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329

Phone 404-636-8400 fax 404-321-5478, internet www.ashrae.org


     ASTM refers to the American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959

Phone 610-832-9585 fax 610-832-9555, internet www.astm.org


     CTI refers to the Cooling Tower Institute, 530 Wells Fargo Drive, Suite 218, Houston, TX 77090

Phone 281-583-4087 fax 281-537-1721, internet www.cti.org


     IESNA refers to the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 120 Wall Street, Floor 17, New York, NY 10005-4001

Phone 212-248-5000 fax 212-248-5017, internet www.iesna.org


     NFRC refers to the National Fenestration Rating Council, Incorporated, 8484 Georgia Avenue, Suite 320, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910

Phone 301-589-1776 fax 301-589-3884, internet www.nfrc.org


     SBCC refers to the Washington State Building Code Council, P.O. Box 42525, Olympia, WA 98504-2525

Phone 360-725-2990 fax 360-586-9383, internet www.sbcc.wa.gov


     SMACNA refers to the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, Inc., 4201 Lafayette Center Drive, P.O. Box 221230, Chantilly, VA 20153-1230

Phone 703-803-2980 fax 703-803-3732, internet www.smacna.org


     WSU refers to the Washington State University Extension Energy Program, 905 Plum Street S.E., Building #3, P.O. Box 43165, Olympia, WA 98506-3166

Phone 360-956-2000 fax 360-956-2217, internet www.energy.wsu.edu



[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0701, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0701, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-0701, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010, § 51-11-0701, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, § 51-11-0701, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0701, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0800
Section 0800 — Suggested software for chapter 4 systems analysis approach.

  The simulation program shall be tested according to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140 and the results shall be furnished by the software provider.

     The following is a list of suggested software, but not limited to:

Program Name:	Source
DOE 2.1E	Energy Science Technology Software Center (ESTSC) P.O. Box 1220 Oakridge, TN 37831-1020 423-576-2606
DOE 2.2 (EQuest)	James J. Hirsch & Associates Building Performance Analysis Software & Consulting 12185 Presilla Road Camarillo, CA 93012-9243 805-532-1045
EnergyPlus	Kathy Ellington Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) Building 90, Room 3147 Berkeley, CA 94720-0001 510-486-5711

[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0800, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 02-24-076, § 51-11-0800, filed 12/4/02, effective 5/1/03. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025 and 19.27A.045. 98-03-003, § 51-11-0800, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0800, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-0900
Chapter 0900 — Additional residential energy efficiency requirements.

  


901 Additional Residential Energy Efficiency Requirements. Dwelling units permitted under this Code shall comply with all provisions of Chapter 5 or Chapter 6 of this Code and develop 1 credit from Table 9-1.

EXCEPTION:

Buildings complying using Chapter 4 Building Design by Systems Analysis shall meet this provision of this section by demonstrating that the proposed building energy use is 8 percent less than the target building energy use.

TABLE 9-1

ENERGY CREDITS (DEBITS)

OPTION	DESCRIPTION	CREDIT(S)
1a	HIGH EFFICIENCY HVAC EQUIPMENT 1: Gas, propane or oil-fired furnace or boiler with minimum AFUE of 92%, or Air-source heat pump with minimum HSPF of 8.5.	1.0
1b	HIGH EFFICIENCY HVAC EQUIPMENT 2: Closed-loop ground source heat pump; with a minimum COP of 3.3.	2.0
1c	HIGH EFFICIENCY HVAC EQUIPMENT 3: DUCTLESS SPLIT SYSTEM HEAT PUMPS, ZONAL CONTROL: In home where the primary space heating system is zonal electric heating, a ductless heat pump system shall be installed and provide heating to at least one zone of the housing unit.	1.0
2	HIGH EFFICIENCY HVAC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM:1 All heating and cooling system components installed inside the conditioned space. All combustion equipment shall be direct vent or sealed combustion. Locating system components in conditioned crawl spaces is not permitted under this option. Electric resistance heat is not permitted under this option. Direct combustion heating equipment with AFUE less than 80% is not permitted under this option.	1.0
3a	EFFICIENT BUILDING ENVELOPE 1: Prescriptive compliance is based on Table 6-1, Option III with the following modifications: Window U = 0.28 floor R-38, slab on grade R-10 full, below grade slab R-10 full. or Component performance compliance: Reduce the Target UA from Table 5-1 by 5%, as determined using EQUATION 1.	0.5
3b	EFFICIENT BUILDING ENVELOPE 2: Prescriptive compliance is based on Table 6-1, Option III with the following modifications: Window U = 0.25 and wall R-21 plus R-4 and R-38 floor, slab on grade R-10 full, below grade slab R-10 full, and R-21 plus R-5 below grade basement walls. or Component performance compliance: Reduce the Target UA from Table 5.1 by 15%, as determined using EQUATION 1.	1.0
3c	SUPER-EFFICIENT BUILDING ENVELOPE 3: Prescriptive compliance is based on Table 6-1, Option III with the following modifications: Window U = 0.22 and wall R-21 plus R-12 and R-38 floor, slab on grade R-10 full, below grade slab R-10 full and R-21 plus R-12 below grade basement walls and R-49 advanced ceiling and vault. or Component performance compliance: Reduce the Target UA from Table 5.1 by 30%, as determined using EQUATION 1.	2.0
4a	AIR LEAKAGE CONTROL AND EFFICIENT VENTILATION: Envelope leakage reduced to SLA of 0.00020 building envelope tightness shall be considered acceptable when tested air leakage is less than specific leakage area of 0.00020 when tested with a blower door at a pressure difference of 50 PA. Testing shall occur after rough in and after installation of penetrations of the building envelope, including penetrations for utilities, plumbing, electrical, ventilation, and combustion appliances. and All whole house ventilation requirements as determined by Section M1508 of the Washington State Residential Code shall be met with a heat recovery ventilation system in accordance with Section M1508.7 of that Code.	0.5
4b	ADDITIONAL AIR LEAKAGE CONTROL AND EFFICIENT VENTILATION: Envelope leakage reduced to SLA of 0.00015 building envelope tightness shall be considered acceptable when tested air leakage is less than specific leakage area of 0.00015 when tested with a blower door at a pressure difference of 50 PA. Testing shall occur after rough in and after installation of penetrations of the building envelope, including penetrations for utilities, plumbing, electrical, ventilation, and combustion appliances. and All whole house ventilation requirements as determined by Section M1508 of the Washington State Residential Code shall be met with a heat recovery ventilation system in accordance with Section M1508.7 of that Code.	1.0
5a	EFFICIENT WATER HEATING: Water heating system shall include one of the following: Gas, propane or oil water heater with a minimum EF of 0.62. or Electric Water Heater with a minimum EF of 0.93. and for both cases All showerhead and kitchen sink faucets installed in the house shall meet be rated at 1.75 GPM or less. All other lavatory faucets shall be rated at 1.0 GPM or less.2	0.5
5b	HIGH EFFICIENCY WATER HEATING: Water heating system shall include one of the following: Gas, propane or oil water heater with a minimum EF of 0.82. or Solar water heating supplementing a minimum standard water heater. Solar water heating will provide a rated minimum savings of 85 therms or 2000 kWh based on the Solar Rating and Certification Corporation (SRCC) Annual Performance of OG-300 Certified Solar Water Heating Systems. or Electric heat pump water heater with a minimum EF of 2.0.	1.5
6	SMALL DWELLING UNIT 1: Dwelling units less than 1500 square feet in floor area with less than 300 square feet of window door area. Additions to existing building that are less than 750 square feet of heated floor area.	1.0
7	LARGE DWELLING UNIT 1: Dwelling units exceeding 5000 square feet of floor area shall be assessed a deduction for purposes of complying with Section 901 of this Code.	-1.0
8	RENEWABLE ELECTRIC ENERGY: For each 1200 kWh of electrical generation provided annually by on-site wind or solar equipment a 0.5 credit shall be allowed, up to 3 credits. Generation shall be calculated as follows: For solar electric systems, the design shall be demonstrated to meet this requirement using the National Renewable Energy Laboratory calculator PVWATTs. Documentation noting solar access shall be included on the plans. For wind generation projects designs shall document annual power generation based on the following factors: The wind turbine power curve; average annual wind speed at the site; frequency distribution of the wind speed at the site and height of the tower.	[0.5]

Footnotes:	1. Interior Duct Placement: Ducts included as Option 2 of Table 9-1 shall be placed wholly within the heated envelope of the housing unit. The placement shall be inspected and certified to receive the credits associated with this option.
EXCEPTION:	Ducts complying with this section may have up to 5% of the total linear feet of ducts located in the exterior cavities or buffer spaces of the dwelling. If this exception is used the ducts will be tested to the following standards:
	Post-construction test: Leakage to outdoors shall be less than or equal to 1 CFM per 100 ft2 of conditioned floor area when tested at a pressure differential of 0.1 inches w.g. (25 Pa) across the entire system, including the manufacturer's air handler enclosure. All register boots shall be taped or otherwise sealed during the test.
	2. Plumbing Fixtures Flow Ratings. Low flow plumbing fixtures (water closets and urinals) and fittings (faucets and showerheads) shall comply with the following requirements:
	(a) Residential bathroom lavatory sink faucets: Maximum flow rate - 3.8 L/min (1.0 gal/min) when tested in accordance with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1.
	(b) Residential kitchen faucets: Maximum flow rate - 6.6 L/min (1.75 gal/min) when tested in accordance with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1.
	(c) Residential showerheads: Maximum flow rate - 6.6 L/min (1.75 gal/min) when tested in accordance with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 12-07-017, § 51-11-0900, filed 3/12/12, effective 4/12/12. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-22-057, § 51-11-0900, filed 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11; 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-0900, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.022, 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-089, § 51-11-0900, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-0900, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 02-01-112, § 51-11-0900, filed 12/18/01, effective 7/1/02. Statutory Authority: Chapters 19.27 and 19.27A RCW and 1994 c 226. 95-01-126, § 51-11-0900, filed 12/21/94, effective 6/30/95. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-0900, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-1000
Chapter 10.

  


     Section 1000 Default heat-loss coefficients.



[Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27A RCW. 92-01-140, § 51-11-1000, filed 12/19/91, effective 7/1/92. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-1000, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-1001
Section 1001 General.

  


     1001.1 Scope: The following defaults shall apply to Chapters 1 through 20. This chapter includes tables of seasonal average heat-loss coefficients for specified nominal insulation. The heat-loss coefficients may also be used for heating system sizing.


     1001.2 Description: These coefficients were developed primarily from data and procedures from Standard RS-1, and taken specifically from Standard RS-2, listed in Chapter 7.


     Coefficients not contained in this chapter may be computed using the procedures listed in these references if the assumptions in the following sections and Standard RS-2, listed in Chapter 7, are used, along with data from the sources referenced above.


     1001.3 Air Films: Default R-values used for air films shall be as follows:

R-Value	Condition
0.17	All exterior surfaces
0.61	Interior horizontal surfaces, heat flow up
0.92	Interior horizontal surfaces, heat flow down
0.68	Interior vertical surfaces

     1001.4 Compression of Insulation: Insulation which is compressed shall be rated in accordance with Table 10-A or reduction in value may be calculated in accordance with the procedures in Standard RS-1, listed in Chapter 7.

TABLE 10-A

R-Value of Fiberglass Batts Compressed within Various Depth Cavities

Insulation R-Value at Standard Thickness
Rated R-Value		82	71	60	49	38	30	22	21	19	15	13	11
Standard Thickness, Inches		26.0	22.5	19.0	15.5	12	9.5	6.5	5.5	6	3.5	3.5	3.5
Nominal Lumber Sizes, Inches	Actual Depth of Cavity, Inches	Insulation R-Values when Installed in a Confined Cavity
Truss	26.0	82	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Truss	22.5	--	71	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Truss	19.0	--	--	60	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Truss	15.5	--	--	--	49	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Truss	12.0	--	--	--	--	38	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
2 x 12	11.25	--	--	--	--	37	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
2 x 10	9.25	--	--	--	--	32	30	--	--	--	--	--	--
2 x 8	7.25	--	--	--	--	27	26	22	21	19	--	--	--
2 x 6	5.5	--	--	--	--	--	21	20	21	18	--	--	--
2 x 4	3.5	--	--	--	--	--	--	14	--	13	15	13	11
	2.5	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	9.8	--
	1.5	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	6.3	6.0

[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-1001, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-1001, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010, § 51-11-1001, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-1001, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-1002
Section 1002: Below grade walls and slabs.

  

     1002.1 General: Table 10-1 lists heat-loss coefficients for below-grade walls and floors.


     Coefficients for below-grade walls are given as U-factors (Btu/hr • ft² • °F of wall area). Coefficients for below-grade slabs are listed as F-factors (Btu/hr • ft • °F per lineal foot of slab perimeter).


     Below-grade wall U-factors are only valid when used with the accompanying below-grade slab F-factors, and vice versa.


     1002.2 Component Description: All below-grade walls are assumed to be eight-inch concrete. The wall is assumed to extend from the slab upward to the top of the mud sill for the distance specified in Table 10-1, with six inches of concrete wall extending above grade.


     Interior insulation is assumed to be fiberglass batts placed in the cavity formed by 2x4 framing on twenty-four inch centers with one-half inch of gypsum board as the interior finish material. Exterior insulation is assumed to be applied directly to the exterior of the below-grade wall from the top of the wall to the footing. The exterior case does not assume any interior framing or sheetrock.


     In all cases, the entire wall surface is assumed to be insulated to the indicated nominal level with the appropriate framing and insulation application. Coefficients are listed for wall depths of two, three and one-half, and seven feet below grade. Basements shallower than two feet should use on-grade slab coefficients.


     Heat-loss calculations for wall areas above grade should use above-grade wall U-factors, beginning at the mudsill.


     1002.3 Insulation Description: Coefficients are listed for the following four configurations:


     1. Uninsulated: No insulation or interior finish.


     2. Interior insulation: Interior 2x4 insulated wall without a thermal break between concrete wall and slab.


     3. Interior insulation w/thermal break: Interior 2x4 insulated wall with R-5 rigid board providing a thermal break between the concrete wall and the slab.


     4. Exterior insulation: Insulation applied directly to the exterior surface of the concrete wall.

TABLE 10-1

DEFAULT WALL U-FACTORS AND SLAB F-FACTORS FOR BASEMENTS

	Below Grade Wall U-factor	Below Grade Slab F-factor
2-Foot Depth Below Grade
Uninsulated	0.350	0.59
R-11 Interior	0.066	0.68
R-11 Interior w/tb	0.070	0.60
R-19 Interior	0.043	0.69
R-19 Interior w/tb	0.045	0.61
R-10 Exterior	0.070	0.60
R-12 Exterior	0.061	0.60
3.5-Foot Depth Below Grade
Uninsulated	0.278	0.53
R-11 Interior	0.062	0.63
R-11 Interior w/tb	0.064	0.57
R-19 Interior	0.041	0.64
R-19 Interior w/tb	0.042	0.57
R-10 Exterior	0.064	0.57
R-12 Exterior	0.057	0.57
7-Foot Depth Below Grade
Uninsulated	0.193	0.46
R-11 Interior	0.054	0.56
R-11 Interior w/tb	0.056	0.42
R-19 Interior	0.037	0.57
R-19 Interior w/tb	0.038	0.43
R-10 Exterior	0.056	0.42
R-12 Exterior	0.050	0.42

[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010, § 51-11-1002, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, § 51-11-1002, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-1002, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-1003
Section 1003: On-grade slab floors.

  


     1003.1 General: Table 10-2 lists heat-loss coefficients for heated on-grade slab floors, in units of Btu/h •°F per lineal foot of perimeter.


     1003.2 Component Description: All on-grade slab floors are assumed to be six-inch concrete poured directly onto the earth. The bottom of the slab is assumed to be at grade line. Monolithic and floating slabs are not differentiated.


     Soil is assumed to have a conductivity of 0.75 Btu/hr • °F • ft². Slabs two-feet or more below grade should use basement coefficients.


     1003.3 Insulation Description: Coefficients are provided for the following three configurations:


     Two-Foot (or four-foot) vertical: Insulation is applied directly to the slab exterior, extending downward from the top of the slab to a depth of two-feet (or four-feet) below grade.


     Two-Foot (or four-foot) horizontal: Insulation is applied directly to the underside of the slab, and run horizontally from the perimeter inward for two-feet or four-feet. The slab edge is exposed in this configuration.

Note:

A horizontal installation with a thermal break of at least R-5 at the slab edge should use the vertical-case F-factors.

     Fully insulated slab: Insulation extends from the top of the slab, along the entire perimeter, and completely covers the area under the slab. Thicker perimeter insulation covers the slab edge and extends 2 feet under the slab.

TABLE 10-2

DEFAULT F-FACTORS FOR ON-GRADE SLABS

Insulation type	R-0	R-5	R-10	R-15
	Unheated Slab
Uninsulated slab	0.73	—	—	—
2-ft Horizontal (No thermal break)	—	0.70	0.70	0.69
4-ft Horizontal (No thermal break)	—	0.67	0.64	0.63
2-ft Vertical	—	0.58	0.54	0.52
4-ft Vertical	—	0.54	0.48	0.45
Fully insulated slab	—	—	0.36	—
	Heated Slab
Uninsulated slab	0.84	—	—	—
Fully insulated slab	—	0.74	0.55	0.44
R-5 Center (With perimeter insulation)	—	—	0.66	0.62
R-10 Center (With perimeter insulation)	—	—	—	0.51
3-ft Vertical	—	—	0.78	—

[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010, § 51-11-1003, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, § 51-11-1003, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-1003, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-1004
Section 1004: Floors over unconditioned space.

  


     1004.1 General: Tables 10-3, 10-4 and 10-4a list heat-loss coefficients for floors over unconditioned spaces in units of Btu/h•ft²•°F.


     They are derived from procedures listed in RS-1, listed in Chapter 7, assuming an average outdoor temperature of 45°F, an average indoor temperature of 65°F, and a crawlspace area of 1350 ft² and 100 ft of perimeter. The crawlspace is assumed to be 2.5 feet high, with 24 inches below grade and 6 inches above grade.


     1004.2 Crawlspace Description: Four configurations are considered: Naturally ventilated crawlspace, mechanically ventilated crawlspace, heated plenum crawlspace and exposed floor.


     Naturally ventilated crawlspaces: Assumed to have 3.0 air-changes per hour, with at least 1.0 ft² of net-free ventilation in the foundation for every three hundred ft² of crawlspace floor area. The crawlspace is not actively heated.


     Floors over unheated areas, such as garages, may only use those values which have R-0 perimeter insulation.


     Mechanically ventilated crawlspaces: Assumed to have 1.5 air changes per hour, with less than 1.0 ft² of net-free ventilation in the foundation for every three hundred ft² of crawlspace floor area. The crawlspace is not actively heated. Floors over unheated basements may only use those values which have R-0 perimeter insulation.


     Heated-plenum crawlspaces: Assumed to have 0.25 air-changes per hour, with no foundation vents. Heated supply air from central furnace is blown into a crawlspace and allowed to enter the living space unducted via holes cut into the floor.


     Enclosed floors: Assumes no buffer space, and a covering of one-half inch of T1-11 on the exterior of the cavity exposed to the outside air or rigid insulation below a concrete floor, such as over parking garages.


     1004.3 Construction Description: Floors are assumed to be either joisted floors framed on sixteen inch centers, or post and beam on four by eight foot squares. Insulation is assumed to be installed under the subflooring between the joists or beams with no space between the insulation and the subfloor. Insulation is assumed to be uncompressed. Exposed floors also include concrete with continuous rigid insulation assumed.


     Perimeter insulation is assumed to extend from the top of the rim joist to the crawlspace floor and then inward along the ground (on top of the ground cover) for at least twenty-four inches.


     Floor coverings are assumed to be light carpet with rubber pad.

TABLE 10-3

DEFAULT U-FACTORS FOR FLOORS OVER VENTED CRAWLSPACE OR

UNHEATED BASEMENT

Nominal R-value			U-factor
Floor	Perimeter		Post & Beam	Joists
0	0 11 19 30		0.112 0.100 0.098 0.093	0.134 0.116 0.114 0.107
11	0 11		0.052 0.048	0.056 0.052
19	0 11		0.038 0.036	0.041 0.038
22	0 11		0.034 0.033	0.037 0.035
25	0 11		0.032 0.031	0.034 0.033
30	0 11		0.028 0.027	0.029 0.028
38	0 11		0.024 0.024	0.025 0.024

TABLE 10-4

DEFAULT U-FACTORS FOR FLOORS OVER HEATED PLENUM CRAWLSPACES

Nominal R-value Perimeter	U-factor
11	0.085
19	0.075
30	0.069

TABLE 10-4A

EXPOSED FLOOR

Nominal R-value	U-factor
	Concrete	Wood Joist	Metal Joist
R-11	0.077	0.088	0.14
R-15	0.059	0.076	0.12
R-19	0.048	0.062	0.11
R-21	0.043	0.057	0.11
R-25	0.037	0.051	0.10
R-30	0.031	0.040	0.09
R-38	0.025	0.034	0.08

Note:

Crawlspaces used as heated plenums have approximately 30% higher heat-loss rate than unvented crawlspaces with the same assumed ACH. Default U-values in Table 10-4 reflect this higher rate of heat loss.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 10-03-115, 10-13-113 and 10-22-056, § 51-11-1004, filed 1/20/10, 6/21/10 and 10/28/10, effective 1/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020, 19.27A.045. 04-01-106, § 51-11-1004, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045. 01-03-010, § 51-11-1004, filed 1/5/01, effective 7/1/01; 98-03-003, § 51-11-1004, filed 1/8/98, effective 7/1/98. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27A.020 and 1990 c 2. 91-01-112, § 51-11-1004, filed 12/19/90, effective 7/1/91.]


Notes:

---

(Effective Until July 1, 2013.)

51-11-1005
Section 1005: Above-grade walls.

  


     Section 1005.1 General: Table 10-5, 10-5A and 10-5B list heat-loss coefficients for the opaque portion of above-grade wood stud frame walls, metal stud frame walls and concrete masonry walls (Btu/h•ft²•°F) respectively. They are derived from procedures listed in RS-1, listed in Chapter 7. For intermediate floor slabs which penetrate the insulated wall, use the concrete wall U-factors in Table 10-5B.


     Insulation is assumed to uniformly fill the entire cavity and to be installed as per manufacturer's directions. All walls are assumed to be finished on the inside with one-half inch gypsum wallboard, and on the outside with either beveled wood siding over one-half inch plywood sheathing or with five-eighths inch T1-11 siding. Insulated sheathing (either interior or exterior) is assumed to cover the entire opaque wall surface.


     Metal building walls have a different construction and are addressed in Table 10-5A(3).


     1005.2 Framing Description: For wood stud frame walls, three framing types are considered, and defined as follows:


     Standard: Studs framed on sixteen inch centers with double top plate and single bottom plate. Corners use three studs and each opening is framed using two studs. Headers consist of double 2X or single 4X material with an air space left between the header and the exterior sheathing. Interior partition wall/exterior wall intersections use two studs in the exterior wall.

Framing weighting factors:	Studs and plates	.19
	Insulated cavity	.77
	Headers	.04

     Intermediate: Studs framed on sixteen inch centers with double top plate and single bottom plate. Corners use two studs or other means of fully insulating corners, and each opening is framed by two studs. Headers consist of double 2X material with R-10 insulation between the header and exterior sheathing. Interior partition wall/exterior wall intersections are fully insulated in the exterior wall.

Framing weighting factors:	Studs and plates	.18
	Insulated cavity	.78
	Headers	.04

     Advanced: Studs framed on twenty-four inch centers with double top plate and single bottom plate. Corners use two studs or other means of fully insulating corners, and one stud is used to support each header. Headers consist of double 2X material with R-10 insulation between the header and exterior sheathing. Interior partition wall/exterior wall intersections are fully insulated in the exterior wall.

Framing weighting factors:	Studs and plates	.13
	Insulated cavity	.83
	Headers	.04

     1005.3 Component Description: Default coefficients for the following types of walls are listed: Single-stud walls, strap walls, double-stud walls, log walls, stress-skin panels, metal stud walls, and metal building walls.


     Single-Stud Wall, Tables 10-5(1) through 10-5(8): Assumes either 2x4 or 2x6 studs framed on sixteen or twenty-four inch centers. Headers are solid for 2x4 walls and double 2x for 2x6 walls, with either dead-air or rigid-board insulation in the remaining space.


     Strap Wall, Table 10-5(9): Assumes 2x6 studs framed on sixteen or twenty-four inch centers. 2x3 or 2x4 strapping is run horizontally along the interior surface of the wall to provide additional space for insulation.


     Double-Stud Wall, Tables 10-5(10) and 10-5(11): Assumes an exterior structural wall and a separate interior, nonstructural wall. Insulation is placed in both wall cavities and in the space between the 2 walls. Stud spacing is assumed to be on 24 inch centers for both walls.


     Log Wall, Table 10-5(12).


     Stress-Skin Panel, Table 10-5(13).


     Metal Stud Wall, Overall Assembly U-Factors, Table 10-5A(1): Assumes metal studs spaced on 16- or 24-inch centers with insulation installed to fill wall cavities. Continuous rigid board insulation is applied without creating uninsulated voids in the wall assembly.


     Metal Stud Wall, Effective R-Values for Metal Framing and Cavity Only, Table 10-5A(2): These values may be used for the metal-framing/cavity layers in walls with metal studs spaced on 16- or 24-inch centers with insulation installed to fill wall cavities in lieu of using the zone method provided in Chapter 25 of Standard RS-1 listed in Chapter 7.


     Metal Building Wall, Table 10-5A(3): A wall whose structure consists of metal spanning panels supported by steel structural members (does not include spandrel glass or metal panels in curtain wall systems). The first nominal R-value is for insulation compressed between metal wall panels and the steel structure. For double-layer installations, the second rated R-value of insulation is for insulation installed from the inside, covering the girts. For continuous insulation (e.g., insulation boards) it is assumed that the insulation boards are installed on the inside of the girts and uninterrupted by the framing members. Insulation exposed to the conditioned space or semiheated space shall have a facing, and all insulation seams shall be continuously sealed to provide a continuous air barrier.


     Concrete and Masonry Walls, Table 10-5B(1).


     Peripheral Edges of Intermediate Concrete Floors, Table 10-5B(2).

TABLE 10-5

DEFAULT U-FACTORS FOR ABOVE-GRADE WALLS

TABLE 10-5(1)
2 x 4 Single Wood Stud: R-11 Batt
	Siding Material/Framing Type
		Lapped Wood		T1-11
	R-value of Foam Board	STD	ADV	STD	ADV
NOTE: Nominal Batt R-value: R-11 at 3.5 inch thickness Installed Batt R-value: R-11 in 3.5 inch cavity	0	0.088	0.084	0.094	0.090
	1	0.080	0.077	0.085	0.082
	2	0.074	0.071	0.078	0.075
	3	0.069	0.066	0.072	0.070
	4	0.064	0.062	0.067	0.065
	5	0.060	0.058	0.063	0.061
	6	0.056	0.055	0.059	0.057
	7	0.053	0.052	0.055	0.054
	8	0.051	0.049	0.052	0.051
	9	0.048	0.047	0.050	0.049
	10	0.046	0.045	0.047	0.046
	11	0.044	0.043	0.045	0.044
	12	0.042	0.041	0.043	0.042

TABLE 10-5(2)
2 x 4 Single Wood Stud: R-13 Batt
	Siding Material/Framing Type
		Lapped Wood		T1-11
	R-value of Foam Board	STD	ADV	STD	ADV
NOTE: Nominal Batt R-value: R-13 at 3.63 inch thickness Installed Batt R-value: R-12.7 in 3.5 inch cavity	0	0.082	0.078	0.088	0.083
	1	0.075	0.072	0.080	0.076
	2	0.069	0.066	0.073	0.070
	3	0.065	0.062	0.068	0.065
	4	0.060	0.058	0.063	0.061
	5	0.057	0.055	0.059	0.057
	6	0.053	0.052	0.056	0.054
	7	0.051	0.049	0.052	0.051
	8	0.048	0.047	0.050	0.048
	9	0.046	0.045	0.047	0.046
	10	0.044	0.043	0.045	0.044
	11	0.042	0.041	0.043	0.042
	12	0.040	0.039	0.041	0.040

TABLE 10-5(3)
2 x 4 Single Wood Stud: R-15 Batt
	Siding Material/Framing Type
		Lapped Wood		T1-11
	R-value of Foam Board	STD	ADV	STD	ADV
NOTE: Nominal Batt R-value: R-15 at 3.5 inch thickness Installed Batt R-value: R-15 in 3.5 inch cavity	0	0.076	0.071	0.081	0.075
	1	0.069	0.065	0.073	0.069
	2	0.064	0.061	0.068	0.069
	3	0.060	0.057	0.063	0.059
	4	0.056	0.053	0.059	0.056
	5	0.053	0.051	0.055	0.052
	6	0.050	0.048	0.052	0.050
	7	0.047	0.046	0.049	0.047
	8	0.045	0.044	0.047	0.045
	9	0.043	0.042	0.044	0.043
	10	0.041	0.040	0.042	0.041
	11	0.039	0.038	0.041	0.039
	12	0.038	0.037	0.039	0.038

TABLE 10-5(4)
2 x 6 Single Wood Stud: R-19 Batt
	Siding Material/Framing Type
		Lapped Wood			T1-11
	R-value of FoamBoard	STD	INT	ADV	STD	INT	ADV
NOTE: Nominal Batt R-value: R-19 at 6 inch thickness Installed Batt R-value: R-18 in 5.5 inch cavity	0	0.062	0.058	0.055	0.065	0.061	0.058
	1	0.058	0.055	0.052	0.060	0.057	0.055
	2	0.054	0.052	0.050	0.056	0.054	0.051
	3	0.051	0.049	0.047	0.053	0.051	0.049
	4	0.048	0.046	0.045	0.050	0.048	0.046
	5	0.046	0.044	0.043	0.048	0.046	0.044
	6	0.044	0.042	0.041	0.045	0.044	0.042
	7	0.042	0.040	0.039	0.043	0.042	0.040
	8	0.040	0.039	0.038	0.041	0.040	0.039
	9	0.038	0.037	0.035	0.039	0.038	0.037
	10	0.037	0.036	0.035	0.038	0.037	0.036
	11	0.036	0.035	0.034	0.036	0.035	0.035
	12	0.034	0.033	0.033	0.035	0.034	0.033

TABLE 10-5(5)
2 x 6 Single Wood Stud: R-21 Batt
	Siding Material/Framing Type
		Lapped Wood			T1-11
	R-value of FoamBoard	STD	INT	ADV	STD	INT	ADV
NOTE: Nominal Batt R-value: R-21 at 5.5 inch thickness Installed Batt R-value: R-21 in 5.5 inch cavity	0	0.057	0.054	0.051	0.060	0.056	0.053
	1	0.054	0.051	0.048	0.056	0.053	0.050
	2	0.050	0.048	0.045	0.052	0.050	0.047
	3	0.048	0.045	0.043	0.049	0.047	0.045
	4	0.045	0.043	0.041	0.047	0.045	0.043
	5	0.043	0.041	0.040	0.044	0.042	0.041
	6	0.041	0.039	0.038	0.042	0.041	0.039
	7	0.039	0.038	0.036	0.040	0.039	0.037
	8	0.038	0.036	0.035	0.039	0.037	0.036
	9	0.036	0.035	0.034	0.037	0.036	0.035
	10	0.035	0.034	0.033	0.036	0.035	0.033
	11	0.033	0.033	0.032	0.034	0.033	0.032
	12	0.032	0.031	0.031	0.033	0.032	0.031

TABLE 10-5(6)
2 x 6 Single Wood Stud: R-22 Batt
	Siding Material/Framing Type
		Lapped Wood			T1-11
	R-value of Foam Board	STD	INT	ADV	STD	INT	ADV
NOTE: Nominal Batt R-value: R-22 at 6.75 inch thickness Installed Batt R-value: R-20 in 5.5 inch cavity	0	0.059	0.055	0.052	0.062	0.058	0.054
	1	0.055	0.052	0.049	0.057	0.054	0.051
	2	0.052	0.049	0.047	0.054	0.051	0.048
	3	0.049	0.046	0.044	0.050	0.048	0.046
	4	0.046	0.044	0.042	0.048	0.046	0.044
	5	0.044	0.042	0.041	0.045	0.043	0.042
	6	0.042	0.040	0.039	0.043	0.042	0.040
	7	0.040	0.039	0.037	0.041	0.040	0.038
	8	0.038	0.037	0.036	0.039	0.038	0.037
	9	0.037	0.036	0.035	0.038	0.037	0.035
	10	0.035	0.034	0.033	0.036	0.035	0.034
	11	0.034	0.033	0.032	0.035	0.034	0.033
	12	0.033	0.032	0.031	0.034	0.033	0.032

TABLE 10-5(7)
2 x 6 Single Wood Stud: Two R-11 Batts
	Siding Material/Framing Type
		Lapped Wood			T1-11
	R-value of Foam Board	STD	INT	ADV	STD	INT	ADV
NOTE: Nominal Batt R-value: R-22 at 7 inch thickness Installed Batt R-value: R-18.9 in 5.5 inch cavity	0	0.060	0.057	0.054	0.063	0.059	0.056
	1	0.056	0.053	0.051	0.059	0.056	0.053
	2	0.053	0.050	0.048	0.055	0.052	0.050
	3	0.050	0.048	0.046	0.052	0.049	0.047
	4	0.047	0.045	0.044	0.049	0.047	0.045
	5	0.045	0.043	0.042	0.046	0.045	0.043
	6	0.043	0.041	0.040	0.044	0.043	0.041
	7	0.041	0.040	0.038	0.042	0.041	0.039
	8	0.039	0.038	0.037	0.040	0.039	0.038
	9	0.038	0.037	0.036	0.039	0.038	0.036
	10	0.036	0.035	0.034	0.037	0.036	0.035
	11	0.035	0.034	0.033	0.036	0.035	0.034
	12	0.034	0.033	0.032	0.034	0.034	0.033

TABLE 10-5(8)
2 x 8 Single Stud: R-25 Batt
	Siding Material/Framing Type
		Lapped Wood			T1-11
	R-value of Foam Board	STD	INT	ADV	STD	INT	ADV
NOTE: Nominal Batt R-value: R-25 at 8 inch thickness Installed Batt R-value: R-23.6 in 7.25 inch cavity	0	0.051	0.047	0.045	0.053	0.049	0.046
	1	0.048	0.045	0.043	0.049	0.046	0.044
	2	0.045	0.043	0.041	0.047	0.044	0.042
	3	0.043	0.041	0.039	0.044	0.042	0.040
	4	0.041	0.039	0.037	0.042	0.040	0.038
	5	0.039	0.037	0.036	0.040	0.038	0.037
	6	0.037	0.036	0.035	0.038	0.037	0.036
	7	0.036	0.035	0.033	0.037	0.035	0.034
	8	0.035	0.033	0.032	0.035	0.034	0.033
	9	0.033	0.032	0.031	0.034	0.033	0.032
	10	0.032	0.031	0.030	0.033	0.032	0.031
	11	0.031	0.030	0.029	0.032	0.031	0.030
	12	0.030	0.029	0.028	0.031	0.030	0.029

TABLE 10-5(9)

2 x 6: Strap Wall
	Siding Material/Frame Type
	Lapped Wood		T1-11
	STD	ADV	STD	ADV
R-19 R-11 Batts	0.036	0.035	0.038	0.036
R-19 R-8 Batts	0.041	0.039	0.042	0.040

TABLE 10-5(10)

2 x 6 2 x 4: Double Wood Stud

			Siding Material/Frame Type
Batt Configuration			Lapped Wood		T1-11
Exterior	Middle	Interior	STD	ADV	STD	ADV
R-19	------	R-11	0.040	0.037	0.041	0.038
R-19	------	R-19	0.034	0.031	0.035	0.032
R-19	R-8	R-11	0.029	0.028	0.031	0.029
R-19	R-11	R-11	0.027	0.026	0.028	0.027
R-19	R-11	R-19	0.024	0.023	0.025	0.023
R-19	R-19	R-19	0.021	0.020	0.021	0.020

TABLE 10-5(11)

2 x 4 2 x 4: Double Wood Stud
			Siding Material/Frame Type
Batt Configuration			Lapped Wood		T1-11
Exterior	Middle	Interior	STD	ADV	STD	ADV
R-11	--------	R-11	0.050	0.046	0.052	0.048
R-19	--------	R-11	0.039	0.037	0.043	0.039
R-11	R-8	R-11	0.037	0.035	0.036	0.036
R-11	R-11	R-11	0.032	0.031	0.033	0.032