PROPOSED RULES
Original Notice.
Preproposal statement of inquiry was filed as WSR 99-10-041 and 99-23-102.
Title of Rule: Dangerous waste regulations, chapter 173-303 WAC.
Purpose: To incorporate federal hazardous waste requirements and amend some state-only requirements.
Statutory Authority for Adoption: Chapters 70.105, 70.105D, and 15.54 RCW.
Statute Being Implemented: Chapter 70.105 RCW.
Summary: The rule amendments will update federal hazardous waste by incorporating rules including the most recent land disposal restrictions, lamps as universal waste, the military munitions rule, used oil rules, and others. State-only changes proposed for adoption include new requirements for transfer stations, deletion of the exemption for steel mill flue dust when it is used to make fertilizer, and incorporation of criteria used for evaluating applications or hazardous waste derived fertilizer.
Reasons Supporting Proposal: Ecology implements the federal hazardous waste program in lieu of EPA and must periodically incorporate federal requirements. Some state-only requirements need to be updated.
Name of Agency Personnel Responsible for Drafting: Patricia Hervieux, Lacey, Washington, (360) 407-6756; Implementation and Enforcement: Greg Sorlie, Lacey, Washington, (360) 407-6702.
Name of Proponent: Department of Ecology, Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program, governmental.
Rule is necessary because of federal law, 3005 (j)(1) and (6) of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976, as amended.
40 C.F.R. Sections Adopted/Amended in 1985: 270.10, 270.30, 270.70, 270.73.
40 C.F.R. Sections Adopted/Amended in 1992: 260.10, 261.3 (a)(2)(v), 261.5(j), 261.6 (a)(2)-(4), 266.40-266.44, 266.100 (b)(1), 279.10-.12, 279.20-.24, 279.30-.32, 279.40-.47, 279.50-.67, 279.70-.75, 279.80-.82.
40 C.F.R. Sections Adopted/Amended in 1993: 261.4 (b)(13)-(15), 261.5, 264.1 (g)(2), 265.1 (c)(6), 279.10-.12, 279.21-.23, 279.40-.45, 279.51-.54, 279.74.
40 C.F.R. Sections Adopted/Amended in 1994: 279.10-.20, 279.41-.46, 279.53, 279.63.
40 C.F.R. Sections Adopted/Amended in 1995: 124.31-.33, 270.14-.30, 270.61-.66.
40 C.F.R. Sections Adopted/Amended in 1996: 268.1-.4, 268.7-.9 and 261.6, 262.10, 262.53-.58, 262.80-.89, 263.10, 264.12, 264.71, 265.12, 265.71, 266.70, 273.20, 272.40, 273.56, 273.70 and 261.5 (f)-(g) and 260.1, 261.6, 262.34, 264.13-.15, 264.2, 264.6, 264.73(b), 264.77, 264.1030-1035, 264.1050, 264.1055, 264.1058, 264.1064, 264.1080-1090, 265.13-.15, 265.73-.77, 265.178-.231, 265.1030-.1035, 265.1050, 265.1055, 265.1058, 265.1064, 265.1080-1090, 265 Appendix VI, 270.14-.17, 270.27(a).
40 C.F.R. Sections Adopted/Amended in 1997: 260.10, 261.2, 262.1-.2, 263.10, 264.1, 264.7, 264.1200-.1202, 265.1, 265.7, 265.1200-.1202, 266.200-206, 270.1, 270.42 and 261.1(c), 261.4(a), 261.6(a), 268 and 260.11(a), 264.1034, 264.1063, 265.1034, 265.1063, 266.104 and 268.39(c) and 268.4 and 264.15, 264.73, 264.1030-.1031, 264.1033, 264.1050, 264.1060-.1064, 264.1080-.1089, 265.15, 265.73, 265.1030, 265.1033, 265.1050, 265.1060, 265.1062, 265.1064, 265.1080-.1090.
40 C.F.R. Sections Adopted/Amended in 1998: 261.4 (a)(15) and 261.5(j), 261.6 (a)(3), 279.10(I), 279.22(d), 279.45(h), 279.54(g), 279.64(g), 279.74(b) and 261.2-.4, 268.2-.48, 268.4-.7 and 261.3-.6, 266.100 (b)(3), 268.35, 268.4 and 268.40(i) and 268.40, 268.48 and 268.34 (b)-(f) and 268.39(c), 268.40/Table and 264.90, 264.110, 264.112, 264.118, 264.140, 265.90, 265.110, 265.112, 265.118, 265.121, 265.140, 270.1, 270.28.
40 C.F.R. Sections Adopted/Amended in 1999: 260.10, 261.4(g), 264.1(j), 264.73, 264.101, 264.552-.554, 265.1(b), 268.2(c), 268.50(g), 270.2, 270.11(d), 270.42, 270.68, 270.73(a), 270.79-.80, 270.85, 270.90, 270.95, 270.100, 270.105, 270.110, 270.115, 270.120, 270.125, 270.130, 270.13456, 270.140, 270.145, 270.150, 270.155, 270.160, 270.165, 270.170, 270.175, 270.180, 270.185, 270.190, 270.195, 270.200, 270.205, 270.210, 270.215, 270.220, 270.225, 270.230 and 266.80, 273.6 and 262.34 (a)(1), 264.1031, 264.1080-.1085, 265.1087 and 261.4(b) and 261.2 (c)-(e), 261.4 (a)-(b), 262.34, 268.2 (h) and (k), 268.40, 268.48-.49, 268.7 (a)-(b), 268.9(d) and 260.11(a).
Explanation of Rule, its Purpose, and Anticipated Effects: The dangerous waste regulations set forth the requirements for determining if solid wastes are dangerous wastes, establish a system for tracking dangerous waste from generation to treatment or disposal, and establish requirements for facilities that manage dangerous waste so that all dangerous wastes are managed safely and responsibly in Washington state.
Proposal Changes the Following Existing Rules: Ecology is proposing to adopt several federal hazardous waste rules into the state dangerous waste regulations. Many are proposed with language identical to the federal rule. Others are proposed with differences in the state version. The titles of the federal hazardous waste rules proposed for adoption are listed below. The text of the summary paragraphs that appeared in the Federal Register were included in ecology's public draft that was available for review in late October, 1999. However, due to space constraints, only the titles of the federal rules appear below.
Federal hazardous waste rules proposed for adoption essentially unchanged from the federal version include the following: (1) Solid Waste, Hazardous Waste, Oil Discharge and Superfund Programs -- Removal of Legally Obsolete Rules 60 F.R. 33912 6/29/95; (2) Land Disposal Restrictions Phase III-Decharacterized Wastewaters, Carbamate Wastes, and Spent Potliners 61 F.R. 15566 4/8/96; (3) Criteria for Classification of Solid Waste Disposal Facilities and Practices, Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste, Requirements for Authorization of State Hazardous Waste Programs 61 F.R. 34252 7/1/96; (4) Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facilities and Hazardous Waste Generators, Organic Air Emission Standards for Tanks, Surface Impoundments, and Containers 61 F.R. 59932 11/25/96 (Subpart CC); (5) Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facilities and Hazardous Waste Generators Organic Air Emission Standards for Tanks, Surface Impoundments, and Containers 62 F.R. 64636 12/8/97 (Subpart CC); (6) Land Disposal Restrictions - Phase IV: Treatment Standards for Wood Preserving Wastes, Paperwork Reduction and Streamlining, Exemptions From RCRA for Certain Processed Materials, and Miscellaneous Hazardous Waste Provisions 62 F.R. 25998 5/12/97; (7) Hazardous Waste Management System, Testing and Monitoring Activities 62 F.R. 32452 6/13/97; (8) Clarification of Standards for Hazardous Waste Land Disposal Restriction Treatment Variances 62 F.R. 64504 12/5/97; (9) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Source Category: Pulp and Paper Production, Effluent Limitations Guidelines, Pretreatment Standards, and New Source Performance Standards: Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Category 63 F.R. 18504 4/15/98; (10) Hazardous Waste Management System, Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste, Petroleum Refining Process Wastes, Land Disposal Restrictions for Newly Identified Wastes, and CERCLA Hazardous Substance Designation and Reportable Quantities 63 F.R. 42110 8/6/98; (11) Hazardous Waste Recycling; Land Disposal Restrictions, Final Rule Land Disposal Restrictions Phase IV - Zinc Micronutrient Fertilizers, Administrative Stay 63 F.R. 46332-46334 8/31/98; (12) Emergency Revision of the Land Disposal Restrictions (LDR) Treatment Standards for Listed Hazardous Wastes from Carbamate Production 63 F.R. 47410 9/4/98; (13) Land Disposal Restrictions: Treatment Standards for Spent Potliners from Primary Aluminum Reduction (K088), Final Rule 63 F.R. 51254 9/24/98; (14) Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facilities and Hazardous Waste Generators, Organic Air Emission Standards for Tanks, Surface Impoundments, and Containers 64 F.R. 3382 1/21/99; (15) Hazardous Waste Management System, Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste; Petroleum Refining Process Wastes, Exemption for Leachate from Non-Hazardous Waste Landfills 64 F.R. 6806 2/11/99; (16) Land Disposal Restrictions Phase IV: Treatment Standards for Wood Preserving Wastes, Final Rule, and Land Disposal Restrictions Phase IV: Treatment Standards for Metal Wastes, Final Rule, and Zinc Micronutrient Fertilizers, Final Rule, and Carbamate Treatment Standards, Final Rule, and K088 Treatment Standards, Final Rule 64 F.R. 25408 5/11/99; (17) Guidelines for Establishing Test Procedures for the Analysis of Oil and Grease and Non-Polar Material Under the Clean Water Act and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Final Rule 64 F.R. 26315-26327 May 14, 1999; (18) Interim Status Requirements published at 50 F.R. 28702 7/15/85; and (19) Surface Impoundment Requirements from HSWA 3005 (j)(1) and (6).
Federal regulations that are proposed for adoption containing state differences are listed below. Explanation of the differences and additional implementation information may be found on ecology's web site at http://www.wa.gov/ecology/leg/laws-etc.html.
(1) Hazardous Waste Identification Rule for Contaminated Media (HWIR-Media) 63 F.R. 65874-65947 11/30/98; (2) Standards Applicable to Owners and Operators of Closed and Closing Hazardous Waste Management Facilities: Post-Closure Permit Requirement and Closure Process, Final Rule 63 F.R. 56710-56735, 10/22/98; (3) Used Oil - Recycled Used Oil Management Standards 57 F.R. 41566 9/10/92; Recycled Used Oil Management Standards, Technical Amendments and Corrections 58 F.R. 26420 5/3/93; Recycled Used Oil Management Standards, Correction 58 F.R. 33341 6/17/93; Recycled Used Oil Management Standards, Technical Amendments and Corrections II 59 F.R. 10550 3/4/94; and Hazardous Waste Management System, Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste, Recycled Used Oil Management Standards (Recycled Used Oil Management Standards, Technical Correction and Clarification) 63 F.R. 24963 5/6/98; (4) RCRA Expanded Public Participation 60 F.R. 63417 12/11/95; (5) Military Munitions Rule: Hazardous Waste Identification and Management, Explosives Emergencies, Manifest Exemption for Transport of Hazardous Waste on Right-of-Ways on Contiguous Properties, Final Rule 62 F.R. 6622-6657; (6) Land Disposal Restrictions Phase IV - Treatment Standards for Metal Wastes and Mineral Processing Wastes; Mineral Processing Secondary Metals and Bevill Exclusion Issues; Treatment Standards for Hazardous Soils, and Exclusion of Recycled Wood Preserving Wastewaters 63 F.R. 28556 5/26/98; (7) Universal Waste Rule (Hazardous Waste Management System; Modification of the Hazardous Waste Recycling Regulatory Program) 63 F.R. 71225 12/24/98; and (8) Hazardous Waste Management System, Modification of the Hazardous Waste Program, Hazardous Waste Lamps 64 F.R. 36466 7/6/99.
Ecology is proposing some changes to state dangerous waste requirements not related to the federal rules being adopted. Several editorial and technical corrections are being made and the following provisions are being amended. WAC 173-303-045 References to EPA's hazardous waste and permit regulations, is being updated to reflect the most recent date for incorporation by reference, and to clarify that the reason certain sections are not incorporated by reference is because EPA does not delegate those provisions to states. WAC 173-303-060 Notification and identification numbers, is being amended to allow the use of the verification form (VF) for notifying ecology about changes in ownership. Allowing the VF to be used to report ownership changes will reduce paperwork for generators and transporters since the VF collects the same basic information as the Form 2. This change follows the efforts of the EPA to reduce the regulatory burden of paperwork. WAC 173-303-070(5) Designation of dangerous waste, is modified to clarify the applicability of the three situations where further designation is required. WAC 173-303-071 (3)(i) Excluded categories of waste, will be amended to reflect changes as a result of chapter 78.56 RCW, Metals mining and milling operations, which went into effect in 1995. RCW 78.56.160(2) permanently prohibited in situ extraction - "Metals mining using the process of in situ extraction is permanently prohibited in the state of Washington"; therefore; this exclusion is no longer applicable. WAC 173-303-073(2) Conditional exclusion of special wastes, is amended to preclude solid acid waste from land disposal, yet still allow treatment and recycling of solid acid wastes as special wastes. This type of management addresses the hazard posed by solid acids and is consistent with the direction chosen in ecology's 1995 regulatory reform initiative for appropriate management of solid corrosive wastes. WAC 173-303-110 (2)(a)(vi) Sampling and testing methods, is being amended because ecology approved a petition to add the AC & D Liquid Sampler as an equivalent test method for containerized liquid wastes or "COLIWASA." WAC 173-303-160 Containers, will be amended to no longer allow farmers to dispose or bury their dangerous waste pesticides on their own property without a treatment, storage, or disposal permit. Off-and-on-site contamination has resulted from such practices. Also, there is an alternative for disposal. The Department of Agriculture pesticide collection program provides farmers with the opportunity to bring their pesticides in for appropriate collection and disposal. WAC 173-303-360(1) Emergencies, is amended by adding federal language for clarification and is identical to the language in WAC 173-303-201 (2)(c)(i) for the emergency coordinator. WAC 173-303-370 Manifest system, will be amended so that when reconciling discrepancies, treatment, storage, and disposal facilities will be required to work with both the generator and the transporter. Generators are ultimately responsible for their dangerous wastes, and assuring the accuracy of their shipping papers and records. In reconciling discrepancies, it is reasonable for the treatment, storage, and disposal facility to makes changes in cooperation with the generator and not just the transporter. This change will provide the generator with knowledge, and an ability to agree or disagree with any changes. The generator will have additional control over waste shipments for which they are accountable. WAC 173-303-390(4) Facility reporting, will be amended to clarify that some records mentioned in this section must be kept for a longer period of time as required in WAC 173-303-380. WAC 173-303-9907 Persistent dangerous waste mixtures graph, will be deleted since it has not been found to be useful, it provides no additional information, and the information is contained with the regulation itself.
Clarifications to State Corrective Action Regulations at WAC 173-303-646. Ecology is making two changes to clarify the corrective action requirements of WAC 173-303-646. First, ecology is modifying the definition of facility to conform with the federal definition, and clarifying the definition of dangerous constituent so that it is clear that constituents that cause a waste to exhibit a dangerous characteristic or to fail a state criteria test are regulated. Second, ecology is adding an explicit requirement that corrective actions under WAC 173-303-646 meet certain requirements of the Model Toxics Control Act cleanup regulation, chapter 173-340 WAC, (MTCA). Under existing regulations at WAC 173-303-646(2), corrective action is required "as necessary to protect human health and the environment." Since becoming authorized to implement corrective action in 1994, ecology has used the requirements of MTCA to define, on a consistent but site-specific basis, what is "necessary to protect human health and the environment." This amendment will eliminate any confusion on this issue and will give additional certainty to members of the regulated community who might wish to begin corrective action absent ecology oversight. To maintain maximum flexibility in administering corrective action requirements, ecology is not requiring compliance with the MTCA administrative process (although, under WAC 173-303-646(3) that process may be used). Instead, ecology is requiring only that corrective actions achieve environmental outcomes that are equivalent to those achieved under MTCA by requiring that corrective actions be consistent with: WAC 173-303-360 Selection of cleanup actions; 173-303-400 Cleanup actions; 173-303-410 Compliance monitoring requirements; 173-340-420 Periodic site reviews; 173-340-440 Institutional controls; and 173-340-700 through 173-340-760 Cleanup standards. Note that these changes do not affect the scope or applicability of the corrective action program or the requirement that, when corrective action cannot be completed before permit issuance, permits for dangerous waste treatment, storage and disposal facilities contain corrective action requirements and schedules of compliance.
Fertilizer Amendments WAC 173-303-505. Ecology is proposing several changes to the regulations that pertain to hazardous waste used in the manufacture of fertilizers. These changes are intended to remove the K061 exemption, codify an amended version of the policy used to review fertilizer registrations, and clarify the applicability of 40 C.F.R. part 268 standards to "state-only" wastes.
K061 Exemption. Language in WAC 173-303-505 is amended to remove what is known as the "K061 exemption." Currently steel mill flue dust, identified by its federal hazardous waste code K061, is exempt from meeting land disposal restriction (LDR) standards when used to make a commercial fertilizer. In a 1997 letter to EPA, Washington state identified several issues with the K061 exemption that were discovered during ecology's study of heavy metals in fertilizer products. Foremost was the fact that the K061 exemption encouraged the use of K061 in fertilizers over other hazardous wastes not exempted from LDR standards. This is significant because ecology's study showed that at least one hazardous waste, tire ash, contained far less heavy metals than the K061 that was sampled and both wastes can be used to make an identical fertilizer product. EPA has proposed to remove the K061 exemption as well.
Once K061 is no longer excluded, it is subject to the federal LDR standards. The most current version of the federal LDR standards is Phase IV. However, EPA has stayed its LDR Phase IV standard for zinc micronutrient fertilizers making them subject to the less stringent Phase III standard. Ecology is adopting EPA's LDR Phase IV Stay for characteristic zinc micronutrient fertilizers and is adopting the same standards for fertilizers made from K061. These levels are appropriate because EPA is not certain that Phase IV treatment standards are well suited for micronutrient fertilizers including those made from K061. The required immobilization of the hazardous metal constituents would likely also immobilize the zinc component of the fertilizer making it unsuitable for plant food use.
Fertilizer registration review criteria. In part, the Fertilizer Registration Act as amended in 1998 required ecology to review waste-derived and micronutrient fertilizers applications for consistency with chapter 70.105 RCW, the hazardous waste law. Ecology adopted review criteria in a policy published in the State Register in August 1998. Those review criteria were used to review over 300 fertilizer applications in the 1999 registration cycle and make registration recommendations to the Department of Agriculture. Currently, the fertilizer registration review criteria used by ecology require the registrant to provide the following test data: Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) metals, total halogenated organic compounds (HOC), and total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH).
Information that ecology has gained from the review process and the 1998 fertilizer study conducted by ecology, suggests that amendments could be made to the criteria that would reduce the analytical costs to registrants yet still provide adequate registration review. In this proposal, ecology is codifying the review criteria through amendments to WAC 173-303-010, 173-303-016, 173-303-040, and 173-303-505. The review criteria is proposed as it was used in the 1999 registration cycle except in place of the TCLP test for certain metals, ecology is proposing to use a total metals test. The concentration limits for the total metals test will be set at twenty times the TCLP limits. The proposed total metals criteria should, in most cases, give equivalent results to the TCLP criteria used in 1999. The proposed change will save the registrants the TCLP test analytical costs which amount to nearly 30% of the total analytical costs for fertilizer registration based on a survey of lab prices conducted by ecology. For some types of fertilizers, the total metals criteria may be more stringent than the regulatory standards in the dangerous waste regulations. Because of this, ecology is seeking comment on whether to provide an option for registrants to use the TCLP test or the total metals test. In addition, ecology is seeking comment on whether to remove the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) test from the review criteria. The PAH test determines the concentration of twenty complex organic compounds that are sometimes found in petroleum and certain chemical wastes. The test is included in the proposed review criteria, however ecology believes that it could be eliminated from the criteria without affecting the ability of ecology to review fertilizers for consistency with chapter 70.105 RCW. Commenters in support of keeping the PAH test in the criteria are encouraged to provide examples of wastes that contain 1% or greater PAHs that could be used to make fertilizer. Ecology is unaware of any such wastes being used to manufacture fertilizers. The PAH compounds are either not found or only found in very low concentrations (a few parts per million or less than 0.1%) in the wastes that are most commonly used to make fertilizers. None of the fertilizers tested in the 1999 registration cycle failed the PAH criterion. The PAH review criterion is set at the same concentration, 1%, as the regulatory standard prohibiting land disposal of wastes that contain these compounds. The PAH test can account for approximately 50% of the total analytical costs to register a fertilizer that is subject to ecology review. No changes are proposed to the HOC testing in the fertilizer review criteria.
Applicability of 40 C.F.R. part 268 to state-only wastes. The federal land disposal restrictions, 40 C.F.R. part 268, apply to fertilizers that contain "hazardous waste." "Hazardous waste" is defined in WAC 173-303-040 and, in part, means those solid wastes that are regulated as hazardous waste by the EPA. In some cases where the EPA has excluded solid wastes from regulation as hazardous waste, Washington has chosen not to exclude those wastes from chapter 173-303 WAC. Those wastes excluded by EPA, but not by Washington state are included in the group of wastes known as "state-only" wastes. The amendments to WAC 173-303-505 clarify that those state-only wastes that otherwise meet the definition of "hazardous waste" used to make fertilizers must comply with the land disposal restrictions, 40 C.F.R. part 268.
Transporter Amendments WAC 173-303-240. Ecology formed a Transporter External Committee with representatives from various transporter companies, a local government representative, and a business representative to study the types of operating standards that should be applied at transfer facilities, and to evaluate transporter exemptions. The External Committee and ecology came to consensus as to what these standards should be: Security, maintaining ten day storage records, facility inspections, training, preparedness and prevention, contingency and emergency plans, and container management.
Under the dangerous waste regulations, a transporter may store dangerous waste for ten days at a transfer facility and may also transfer waste from one vehicle to another and from container to container. There are no limits on the amount of waste that can be stored at a transfer facility, and no limits on the number of different waste codes that can be handled at a transfer facility. Currently, there are no operating standards for dangerous waste handling activities at a transfer facility. Changes to transporter requirements will require a transporter to operate a ten day transfer facility under the proposed operating standards to ensure that dangerous waste is stored and handled in a manner that ensures the protection of public health and the environment. Transporters involved with interstate and intrastate transport may operate transfer facilities in Washington using the EPA/state ID# assigned to their corporate headquarters location.
Secondary containment requirements are proposed for containers that are stored outside and exposed to the weather and in areas where waste is transferred from container to container. Ecology is proposing an eighteen-month regulatory window from the effective date of the proposed regulations to meet the secondary containment requirements. Another proposed change is that all transfer facilities will have to register with ecology. There is currently no system in place to track who is operating all of the transfer facilities in Washington nor where they are all located.
Exemptions from transfer facility standards will be proposed for transporters in the event of an emergency or other unforeseen event. Exemptions from secondary containment are included when waste is stored within a building provided the floor is sufficiently impervious and compatible with the waste. Exemptions from secondary containment are also included when waste is stored in a transport vehicle, intermodal container, or transport unit.
WAC 173-303-040 Transfer facility. The definition will be changed to include buildings and piers where shipments of dangerous waste are held and to allow the following waste handling activities at a transfer station: Consolidation of shipments from container to container, and the transfer of waste from transport vehicle to transport vehicle. Transport vehicle. The definition will be changed to include a water vessel as a mode of transportation. Steamship was added as an example for a water vessel.
Preparing State-only Waste for Transport WAC 173-303-180 and 173-303–190. These changes are being proposed to mandate specific requirements for state-only dangerous waste that is not regulated as a hazardous material under 49 C.F.R. hazardous material regulations. Currently, there are no requirements under WAC 173-303-190 for how a state-only waste must be packaged and marked. Special instructions for describing a state-only dangerous waste are being added in WAC 173-303-180.
Under the current rule, a person may place a state-only dangerous waste with waste codes WT02, WSC2 and sometimes WP02 in any type of package including those that do not meet 49 C.F.R. performance oriented technical standards such as a food grade type container. The proposed rules will require that these waste streams be packaged in a container that is equivalent to the manufacturing and testing specifications for packaging and containers of 49 C.F.R. part 173, 178, and 179. This means that a WT02, WSC2 or WP02 waste can be packaged in a container that is equivalent to or meets any of the 49 C.F.R. packing group categories. Placing these state-only wastes in a packaging that is equivalent to 49 C.F.R. technical standards will ensure adequate protection of human health and the environment.
A state-only dangerous waste that designates as a WT01, WP02 or WP03 and not a RCRA hazardous waste usually meets the definition of a hazardous material under 49 C.F.R. and therefore must be packaged, labeled and marked as required under the 49 C.F.R. hazardous material regulations.
It is common to see many different types of state-only waste descriptions on manifests, shipping papers, and container markings that clearly demonstrate the need to adequately communicate the hazard associated with such waste in a consistent manner. Special instructions for describing a state-only waste on a manifest, shipping paper and on a container marking are being proposed and apply only to waste that is not regulated by 40 C.F.R. hazardous waste regulations and 49 C.F.R. hazardous material regulations.
A marking requirement for a state-only waste in a nonbulk container less than 110 gallons is also proposed. Use of a hazardous waste marking as described in WAC 173-303-190 (3)(b) can only be used for a federally regulated hazardous waste and cannot be used for a state-only dangerous waste. The proposed rules provide instructions for what should be marked on a package holding a state-only dangerous waste.
The proposed packaging, marking and waste description rules are to be used when preparing a state-only waste for transport. A dangerous waste generator may also handle their state-only waste under these packaging, marking and waste description requirements during the time that they accumulate dangerous waste on-site prior to preparing it for transport.
A small business economic impact statement has been prepared under chapter 19.85 RCW.
Overview: The proposed amendments to chapter 173-303 WAC cover many elements of the existing rule. Much of the amendatory language represents incorporation of federal requirements adopted by EPA since the last revisions to the state rule (with minor modification for Washington conditions in some cases) or simplification and clarification of existing provisions. These were not addressed in this analysis. Rather, this document summarizes the evaluation of three significant areas of state-initiated changes. These are provisions relating to hazardous waste lamps (primarily mercury vapor lamps), fertilizers, and the management of hazardous wastes by waste transporters at waste transfer facilities.
Under existing regulation, certain waste lamps exhibiting hazardous waste characteristics (primarily mercury vapor, metal halide, high pressure sodium, and neon lamps) have been, in principle, subject to full regulation under state rule and federal regulations promulgated under Subtitle C of the Resource Recovery and Conservation Act (RCRA). The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) has recently adopted rules that allow management of such waste lamps as "universal wastes." (See Federal Register, July 6, 1999, page 36466.) The proposed amendments to chapter 173-303 WAC - primarily to WAC 173-303-573 - extend similar treatment to such waste lamps at the state level. The proposed language relating to waste lamps is comparable to existing requirements for batteries and mercury-containing thermostats.
Waste management under "universal waste" provisions is far more streamlined and subject to significantly fewer requirements than is the case under the full requirements of both federal and state regulations. As such, these proposed provisions represent a movement in the direction of regulatory relief. That being the case, no further analysis of these provisions was conducted.
These proposed amendments (primarily to WAC 173-303-505) incorporate into formal rule the responsibilities of the Department of Ecology with respect to waste-derived and micronutrient fertilizers in implementation of chapter 15.54 RCW (the Washington Commercial Fertilizer Act). Requirements relating to this subject were formerly issued as a policy guidance document entitled "Notice of New Review Process for Waste-Derived and Micro-Nutrient Fertilizers" published in the Washington State Register in 1998 (see WSR 98-15-156, page 30). This proposed promulgation as formal rule does not impose any requirements that did not exist under the previous guidance document.
In addition, it is proposed to remove the regulatory exemption for zinc micronutrient fertilizers produced using steel mill flue dust (waste category K061) that currently exists in state (and U.S. EPA) rule. It appears from available data and information that there is but one business firm in Washington that will be directly impacted by this proposed change. This being the case, comparisons of relative impacts on small versus large business required by the Regulatory Fairness Act cannot be made. Chapter 19.85 RCW appears to be inapplicable in this case.
Background: Currently, chapter 173-303 WAC does not provide for operating standards at waste transporter ten-day transfer facilities. This results in a gap in coverage of the rule that can result in improper handling and management of hazardous and dangerous wastes and creates the potential for cleanup situations. The proposed amendments to current rule discussed here are intended to close this gap.
Procedures: This analysis focused on two industries, local trucking without storage (SIC 4212) and refuse systems (SIC 4953), as being most likely to encompass the bulk of hazardous/dangerous waste transportation and transfer activity. Information from County Business Patterns 1996: Washington and the Almanac of Business and Industrial Financial Ratios was used to characterize small versus large firms in terms of employment and sales. Since the latest year for which data from all sources was consistently available was 1995, all dollar values cited here were adjusted to that year via appropriate price indices. To the extent that inflation has impacted revenues and costs in approximately equal measure, the ratios used to measure the existence of disproportionate impacts should still be reasonably accurate for current conditions.
Impacts are characterized in terms of costs per $100 of sales. Costs were adapted from information in economic analyses (done by both ecology and U.S. EPA) of similar regulatory requirements imposed upon similar industries and activities. Adjustments were made using best available information or, in some cases, informed judgement. When the latter was required, every effort was made to be conservative. One-time expenditures have been converted to annual values via amortization at 12% over five years.
New Requirements for Transfer Facilities: The proposed new standards for transfer facilities can be found in amendments to WAC 173-303-240, particularly the proposed new subsection (6). In most cases, these represent application of existing requirements for other types of hazardous/dangerous waste facilities to transfer facilities - often with modification. Readers should consult the proposed rule text for a complete listing.
Impacts: The following tables provide overall summaries of the estimated costs imposed (per $100 sales) of small and large firms in the industrial sectors indicated above. These estimates are based on the following assumptions:
1. The "typical" firm is totally out of compliance with all of the proposed new requirements.
2. All services necessary to achieve compliance are provided by outside consultants or other resource outside the firm.
3. Except as noted below, no mitigative features of the proposed rule are taken into account.
The one exception to assumption 3 above, relates to secondary containment requirements. Since this is a significant cost impact element, and since considerable latitude is provided in terms of mitigative alternatives, it was deemed useful to provide a separate estimate of cost impacts excluding secondary containment.
WITH SECONDARY CONTAINMENT
| SIC | Small Business | Large Business |
| 4212 | $2.75 | $1.65 |
| 4953 | $2.49 | $6.43 |
WITHOUT SECONDARY CONTAINMENT
| SIC | Small Business | Large Business |
| 4212 | $2.63 | $0.69 |
| 4953 | $2.39 | $2.99 |
Two aspects of the above comparisons stand out. First, estimated impacts are a disproportionate burden on small businesses in SIC 4212, but not in SIC 4953. This is due to the fact that the available data yield a much greater difference in estimated sales between the "typical" large firm and small firm in the former SIC than is the case in the latter. Thus, although estimated absolute compliance costs are greater for large firms than for small ones in SIC 4212, comparisons based on costs as a percentage of sales volume favor larger firms in this case. With a smaller difference in large versus small firm sales volume in SIC 4953, this does not occur.
Second, the elimination of secondary containment appears to favorably affect the results for both large and small businesses – but more dramatically so for large businesses. This is due to cost estimates for secondary containment rising dramatically as the size of the facility increases. Elimination of this element of compliance costs is, thus, of greater relative benefit to large firms.
Mitigation: The stated purpose of chapter 70.105 RCW reads "The purpose of this chapter is to establish a comprehensive state-wide framework for the planning, regulation, control, and management of hazardous waste which will prevent land, air, and water pollution and conserve the natural, economic and energy resources of the state. (RCW 70.105.007)..."
This is amplified by RCW 70.105.007(4), which states "To provide for prevention of problems related to improper management of hazardous substances before such problems occur..."
Mitigative provisions in keeping with this stated purpose included in these proposed rule amendments include the following:
| • | Security requirements in WAC 173-303-310(2) are waived for transfer facilities lacking surveillance or barriers if waste is stored on a properly placarded and locked truck or moved into a secured area of the facility. (Note that the impact estimates shown above include costs of a commercial security fence.) |
| • | General inspection records need only be retained for one year, as compared with five years in more general facility requirements (compare proposed WAC 173-303-240(d) with WAC 173-303-320). |
| • | Many elements of employee training and refresher training, contingency and emergency plans, etc. may already be in place for firms subject to other state or federal regulation. See, for example, the Department of Labor and Industries rule chapter 296-67 WAC (Safety standards for process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals), especially sections 296-67–021 and 296-67–025. |
| • | Secondary containment (if chosen) need not be in place until October 15, 2001. |
| • | Exemption from all of the requirements of subsection (6) in the event of an in-transit emergency, |
| • | Exemption from subsection (6)(i), use and management of containers and subsection (6)(j), secondary containment, for wastes stored in secure, enclosed transport vehicles, intermodal containers, or portable tanks while at transfer facilities, |
| • | Exemption from the above requirements for facilities associated with marine transport and waste is stored in transport units as defined in 49 C.F.R. 176, and accepted by approval authority of the United States Coast Guard, and |
| • | Exemption from subsection (6)(j) for wastes stored within a building with impervious flooring and adequate catchment facilities for any leaks or spills. |
Involvement of Small Businesses: These proposed rule amendments are the result of the work of an "external advisory committee" formed by ecology during the rule development process. Waste transporters were well represented on that committee. The rule proposed rule amendments reflect the inputs of that group. Further, a preproposal draft of all of the proposed changes to chapter 173-303 WAC was released to the public for review and comment in October 1999.
Impacts on Sales or Revenue: Since impacts are measured in terms of sales or revenue, this has been considered above. The extent to which impacted firms may be able to pass additional costs along to customers is unknown at this time.
A copy of the statement may be obtained by writing to Patricia Hervieux, P.O. Box 47600, Olympia, WA 98504-7600, e-mail pher461@ecy.wa.gov, phone (360) 407-6756, fax (360) 407-6715.
RCW 34.05.328 applies to this rule adoption. Most of this proposal is required by federal rule and is not considered a significant legislative rule. A small part of the proposal is subject to the requirements of RCW 34.05.328 and those requirements are being followed, as appropriate.
Hearing Location: On February 10, 2000, at 7 p.m., at the Bellingham Public Library, 210 Central Avenue, Bellingham; on February 15, 2000, at 7 p.m., at the Burien Public Library, 14700 6th Avenue S.W., Burien (Seattle); and on February 16, 2000, at 7 p.m., at Lacey/Spokane/Kennewick via Washington Interactive Technologies (WIT): DIS Interactive Technologies, 710 Sleater-Kinney Road S.E., Suite Q, Lacey; DIS Interactive Technologies, North 1101 Argonne, Suite 109, Spokane; and DIS Interactive Technologies, 8551 West Gage Boulevard, Suite H, Kennewick.
All hearings will begin at 7 p.m.
For a map or directions, call Dave Zink at (360) 407-6752.
Assistance for Persons with Disabilities: Contact Marnie Black by February 2, 2000, TDD (360) 407-6006, or (360) 407-6759.
Submit Written Comments to: Patricia Hervieux, pher461@ecy.wa.gov, P.O. Box 47600, Olympia, WA 98504-7600, fax (360) 407-6715, by 5 p.m. on February 29, 2000.
Date of Intended Adoption: April 30, 2000.
December 30, 1999
Daniel J. Silver
Deputy Director
OTS-3493.3
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending Order DE-85-10, filed 6/3/86)
WAC 173-303-010
Purpose.
This regulation implements
chapter 70.105 RCW, the Hazardous Waste Management Act of 1976 as
amended ((in 1980 and 1983)), and implements, in part, chapters
70.105A, 70.105D, and 15.54 RCW, and Subtitle C of Public Law
94-580, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, which the
legislature has empowered the department to implement. The
purposes of this regulation are to:
(1) Designate those solid wastes which are dangerous or extremely hazardous to the public health and environment;
(2) Provide for surveillance and monitoring of dangerous and extremely hazardous wastes until they are detoxified, reclaimed, neutralized, or disposed of safely;
(3) Provide the form and rules necessary to establish a system for manifesting, tracking, reporting, monitoring, recordkeeping, sampling, and labeling dangerous and extremely hazardous wastes;
(4) Establish the siting, design, operation, closure, post-closure, financial, and monitoring requirements for dangerous and extremely hazardous waste transfer, treatment, storage, and disposal facilities;
(5) Establish design, operation, and monitoring requirements for managing the state's extremely hazardous waste disposal facility;
(6) Establish and administer a program for permitting dangerous and extremely hazardous waste management facilities; and
(7) Encourage recycling, reuse, reclamation, and recovery to the maximum extent possible.
[Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-010, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-010, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-010, filed 2/10/82. Formerly WAC 173-302-010.]
(1) Purpose and applicability.
(a) The purpose of this section is to identify those materials that are and are not solid wastes.
(b)(i) The definition of solid waste contained in this section applies only to wastes that also are dangerous for purposes of the regulations implementing chapter 70.105 RCW. For example, it does not apply to materials (such as nondangerous scrap, paper, textiles, or rubber) that are not otherwise dangerous wastes and that are recycled.
(ii) This section identifies only some of the materials which are solid wastes and dangerous wastes under chapter 70.105 RCW. A material which is not defined as a solid waste in this section, or is not a dangerous waste identified or listed in this section, is still a solid waste and a dangerous waste for purposes of these sections if reason and authority exists under chapter 70.105 RCW and WAC 173-303-960. Within the constraints of chapter 70.105 RCW, this includes but is not limited to any material that: Is accumulated, used, reused, or handled in a manner that poses a threat to public health or the environment; or, due to the dangerous constituent(s) in it, when used or reused would pose a threat to public health or the environment.
(c) Certain materials are solid wastes but are excluded from the requirements of this chapter by WAC 173-303-071 and 173-303-073.
(2) The following terms are used and have the meanings as defined in WAC 173-303-040:
(a) Boiler
(b) By-product
(c) Incinerator
(d) Industrial furnace
(e) Reclaim
(f) Recover
(g) Recycle
(h) Used or reused (see reuse or use)
(i) Sludge
(j) Scrap metal
(k) Spent material
(l) Excluded scrap metal
(m) Processed scrap metal
(n) Home scrap metal
(o) Prompt scrap metal
(3) Definition of solid waste.
(a) A solid waste is any discarded material that is not excluded by WAC 173-303-017(2) or that is not excluded by variance granted under WAC 173-303-017(5).
(b) A discarded material is any material ((which)) that is:
(i) Abandoned, as explained in subsection (4) of this section; or
(ii) Recycled, as explained in subsection (5) of this section; or
(iii) Considered inherently waste-like, as explained in subsection (6) of this section. Persons registering micronutrient or waste-derived fertilizers under chapter 15.54 RCW must submit information required by the department to indicate compliance with this chapter. The required minimum information is described in WAC 173-303-505; or
(iv) A military munition identified as a solid waste at WAC 173-303-578(2).
(4) Materials are solid waste if they are abandoned by being:
(a) Disposed of; or
(b) Burned or incinerated; or
(c) Accumulated, stored, or treated (but not recycled) before or in lieu of being abandoned by being disposed of, burned, or incinerated.
(5) Materials are solid wastes if they are recycled -- or accumulated, stored, or treated before recycling -- as specified in (a) through (d) of this subsection.
(a) Used in a manner constituting disposal. Materials noted with a "*" in column 1 of Table 1 are solid wastes when they are:
(i)(A) Applied to or placed on the land in a manner that constitutes disposal; or
(B) Used to produce products that are applied to or placed on the land or are otherwise contained in products that are applied to or placed on the land (in which cases the product itself remains a solid waste).
(ii) However, commercial chemical products listed in WAC 173-303-9903 or which exhibit any of the criteria or characteristics listed in WAC 173-303-090 or 173-303-100 are not solid wastes if they are applied to the land and that is their ordinary manner of use.
(b) Burning for energy recovery. Materials noted with a "*" in column 2 of Table 1 are solid wastes when they are:
(i) Burned to recover energy;
(ii) Used to produce a fuel or are otherwise contained in fuels (in which cases the fuel itself remains a solid waste).
However, commercial chemical products listed in WAC 173-303-9903 or which exhibit any of the criteria or characteristics listed in WAC 173-303-090 or 173-303-100 are not solid wastes if they are themselves fuels.
(c) Reclaimed. Materials noted with a "*" in column 3 of Table 1 are solid wastes when reclaimed.
(d)(i) Accumulated speculatively. Materials noted with a "*" in column 4 of Table 1 are solid wastes when accumulated speculatively.
(ii) A material is "accumulated speculatively" if it is accumulated before being recycled. A material is not accumulated speculatively, however, if the person accumulating it can show that the material is potentially recyclable and has a feasible means of being recycled; and that--during the calendar year (commencing on January 1)--the amount of material that is recycled, or transferred to a different site for recycling, equals at least seventy-five percent by weight or volume of the amount of that material accumulated at the beginning of the period. In calculating the percentage of turnover, the seventy-five percent requirement is to be applied to each material of the same type (e.g., slags from a single smelting process) that is recycled in the same way (i.e., from which the same material is recovered or that is used in the same way). Materials accumulating in units that would be exempt from regulation under WAC 173-303-071 (3)(n) are not to be included in making the calculation. (Materials that are already defined as solid wastes also are not to be included in making the calculation.) Materials are no longer in this category once they are removed from accumulation for recycling, however.
Use constituting disposal WAC 173-303- 016(5)(a) |
Energy recovery/ fuel WAC 173-303- 016 (5)(b) |
Reclamation WAC 173-303- 016 (5)(c) |
Speculative accumulation WAC 173-303- 016 (5)(d) |
|
Spent materials |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
Commercial chemical products |
(*) |
(*) |
---- |
---- |
By-products listed in WAC 173-303-9904 |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
Sludges listed in WAC 173-303- 9904 |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
By-products exhibiting a characteristic1 or criteria2 |
(*) |
(*) |
---- |
(*) |
Sludges exhibiting a characteristic1 or criteria2 |
(*) |
(*) |
---- |
(*) |
Scrap metal other than excluded scrap metal (see WAC 173-303- 016 (2)(l)) |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
| Note: | The terms "spent materials," "sludges," "by-products," (( |
| 1 | The characteristics of dangerous waste are described in WAC 173-303-090. |
| 2 | The dangerous waste criteria are described in WAC 173-303-100. |
(a) Dangerous Waste Nos. F020, F021 (unless used as an ingredient to make a product at the site of generation), F022, F023, F026, and F028.
(b) Secondary materials fed to a halogen acid furnace that exhibit a characteristic of a dangerous waste or are listed as a dangerous waste as defined in WAC 173-303-090 or 173-303-080 through 173-303-082, except for brominated material that meets the following criteria:
(i) The material must contain a bromine concentration of at least 45%; and
(ii) The material must contain less than a total of 1% of toxic organic compounds listed in WAC 173-303-9905; and
(iii) The material is processed continually on-site in the halogen acid furnace via direct conveyance (hard piping).
(c) The department will use the following criteria to add wastes to (a) of this subsection:
(i)(A) The materials are ordinarily disposed of, burned, or incinerated; or
(B) The materials contain toxic constituents listed in WAC 173-303-9905 and these constituents are not ordinarily found in raw materials or products for which the materials substitute (or are found in raw materials or products in smaller concentrations) and are not used or reused during the recycling process; and
(ii) The material may pose a substantial hazard to human health or the environment when recycled.
(7) Documentation of claims that materials are not solid wastes or are conditionally exempt from regulation. Respondents in actions to enforce regulations implementing chapter 70.105 RCW who raise a claim that a certain material is not a solid waste, or is conditionally exempt from regulation, must demonstrate that there is a known market or disposition for the material, and that they meet the terms of the exclusion or exemption. In doing so, they must provide appropriate documentation (such as contracts showing that a second person uses the material as an ingredient in a production process) to demonstrate that the material is not a waste, or is exempt from regulation. In addition, owners or operators of facilities claiming that they actually are recycling materials must show that they have the necessary equipment to do so.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-016, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-016, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-016, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-016, filed 6/3/86; 84-14-031 (Order DE 84-22), § 173-303-016, filed 6/27/84.]
When used in this chapter, the following terms have the meanings given below.
"Aboveground tank" means a device meeting the definition of "tank" in this section and that is situated in such a way that the entire surface area of the tank is completely above the plane of the adjacent surrounding surface and the entire surface area of the tank (including the tank bottom) is able to be visually inspected.
"Active life" of a facility means the period from the initial receipt of dangerous waste at the facility until the department receives certification of final closure.
"Active portion" means that portion of a facility which is not a closed portion, and where dangerous waste recycling, reuse, reclamation, transfer, treatment, storage or disposal operations are being or have been conducted after:
The effective date of the waste's designation by 40 CFR Part 261; and
March 10, 1982, for wastes designated only by this chapter and not designated by 40 CFR Part 261. (See also "closed portion" and "inactive portion.")
"Active range" means a military range that is currently in service and is being regularly used for range activities.
"Acute hazardous waste" means dangerous waste sources (listed in WAC 173-303-9904) F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027, and discarded chemical products (listed in WAC 173-303-9903) that are identified with a dangerous waste number beginning with a "P", including those wastes mixed with source, special nuclear, or by-product material subject to the Atomic Energy Act of 1954. The abbreviation "AHW" will be used in this chapter to refer to those dangerous and mixed wastes which are acute hazardous wastes. Note - the terms acute and acutely are used interchangeably.
"Ancillary equipment" means any device including, but not limited to, such devices as piping, fittings, flanges, valves, and pumps, that is used to distribute, meter, or control the flow of dangerous waste from its point of generation to a storage or treatment tank(s), between dangerous waste storage and treatment tanks to a point of disposal on-site, or to a point of shipment for disposal off-site.
"Aquifer" means a geologic formation, group of formations, or part of a formation capable of yielding a significant amount of ground water to wells or springs.
"Batch" means any waste which is generated less frequently than once a month.
"Battery" means a device consisting of one or more electrically connected electrochemical cells which is designed to receive, store, and deliver electric energy. An electrochemical cell is a system consisting of an anode, cathode, and an electrolyte, plus such connections (electrical and mechanical) as may be needed to allow the cell to deliver or receive electrical energy. The term battery also includes an intact, unbroken battery from which the electrolyte has been removed.
"Berm" means the shoulder of a dike.
"Boiler" means an enclosed device using controlled flame combustion and having the following characteristics:
The unit must have physical provisions for recovering and exporting thermal energy in the form of steam, heated fluids, or heated gases; and
The unit's combustion chamber and primary energy recovery section(s) must be of integral design. To be of integral design, the combustion chamber and the primary energy recovery section(s) (such as waterwalls and superheaters) must be physically formed into one manufactured or assembled unit. A unit in which the combustion chamber and the primary energy recovery section(s) are joined only by ducts or connections carrying flue gas is not integrally designed; however, secondary energy recovery equipment (such as economizers or air preheaters) need not be physically formed into the same unit as the combustion chamber and the primary energy recovery section. The following units are not precluded from being boilers solely because they are not of integral design: Process heaters (units that transfer energy directly to a process stream), and fluidized bed combustion units; and
While in operation, the unit must maintain a thermal energy recovery efficiency of at least sixty percent, calculated in terms of the recovered energy compared with the thermal value of the fuel; and
The unit must export and utilize at least seventy-five percent of the recovered energy, calculated on an annual basis. In this calculation, no credit will be given for recovered heat used internally in the same unit. (Examples of internal use are the preheating of fuel or combustion air, and the driving of induced or forced draft fans or feedwater pumps); or
The unit is one which the department has determined, on a case-by-case basis, to be a boiler, after considering the standards in WAC 173-303-017(6).
"By-product" means a material that is not one of the primary products of a production process and is not solely or separately produced by the production process. Examples are process residues such as slags or distillation column bottoms. The term does not include a co-product that is produced for the general public's use and is ordinarily used in the form it is produced by the process.
"Carbon regeneration unit" means any enclosed thermal treatment device used to regenerate spent activated carbon.
"Carcinogenic" means a material known to contain a substance which has sufficient or limited evidence as a human or animal carcinogen as listed in both IARC and either IRIS or HEAST.
"Chemical agents and chemical munitions" are defined as in 50 U.S.C. section 1521 (j)(1).
"Cleanup-only facility" means a site where the owner or operator is or will be treating, storing, or disposing of remediation waste, including dangerous remediation waste, and is, has not and will not be treating, storing or disposing of dangerous waste that is not remediation waste. A cleanup-only facility is not a "facility" for purposes of corrective action under WAC 173-303-646.
"Closed portion" means that portion of a facility which an owner or operator has closed, in accordance with the approved facility closure plan and all applicable closure requirements.
"Closure" means the requirements placed upon all TSD facilities to ensure that all such facilities are closed in an acceptable manner (see also "post-closure").
"Commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate" refers to a chemical substance which is manufactured or formulated for commercial or manufacturing use which consists of the commercially pure grade of the chemical, any technical grades of the chemical that are produced or marketed, and all formulations in which the chemical is the sole active ingredient.
"Commercial fertilizer" means any substance containing one or more recognized plant nutrients and which is used for its plant nutrient content and/or which is designated for use or claimed to have value in promoting plant growth, and includes, but is not limited to, limes, gypsum, and manipulated animal manures and vegetable compost. The commercial fertilizer must be registered with the state or local agency regulating the fertilizer in the locale in which the fertilizer is being sold or applied.
"Compliance procedure" means any proceedings instituted pursuant to the Hazardous Waste Management Act as amended in 1980 and 1983, and chapter 70.105A RCW, or regulations issued under authority of state law, which seeks to require compliance, or which is in the nature of an enforcement action or an action to cure a violation. A compliance procedure includes a notice of intention to terminate a permit pursuant to WAC 173-303-830(5), or an application in the state superior court for appropriate relief under the Hazardous Waste Management Act. A compliance procedure is considered to be pending from the time a notice of violation or of intent to terminate a permit is issued or judicial proceedings are begun, until the department notifies the owner or operator in writing that the violation has been corrected or that the procedure has been withdrawn or discontinued.
"Component" means either the tank or ancillary equipment of a tank system.
"Constituent" or "dangerous waste constituent" means a chemically distinct component of a dangerous waste stream or mixture.
"Container" means any portable device in which a material is stored, transported, treated, disposed of, or otherwise handled.
"Containment building" means a hazardous waste management unit that is used to store or treat hazardous waste under the provisions of WAC 173-303-695.
"Contingency plan" means a document setting out an organized, planned, and coordinated course of action to be followed in case of a fire, explosion, or release of dangerous waste or dangerous waste constituents which could threaten human health or environment.
"Contract" means the written agreement signed by the department and the state operator.
"Corrective action management unit" ((or "CAMU" means an
area within a facility that is designated by the director
pursuant to WAC 173-303-646 (4), (5), and (6) for the purpose of
implementing the corrective action requirements of WAC 173-303-646(2). A CAMU may be used only for the management of
remediation wastes pursuant to implementing such corrective
action requirements at the facility)) means an area that is used
to treat, store or dispose only remediation wastes for
implementing corrective action under WAC 173-303-646 or other
clean up activities.
"Corrosion expert" means a person who, by reason of his knowledge of the physical sciences and the principles of engineering and mathematics, acquired by a professional education and related practical experience, is qualified to engage in the practice of corrosion control on buried or submerged metal piping systems and metal tanks. Such a person must be certified as being qualified by the National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) or be a registered professional engineer who has certification or licensing that includes education and experience in corrosion control on buried or submerged metal piping systems and metal tanks.
"Dangerous waste constituents" means those constituents listed in WAC 173-303-9905 and any other constituents that have caused a waste to be a dangerous waste under this chapter.
"Dangerous waste management unit" is a contiguous area of land on or in which dangerous waste is placed, or the largest area in which there is a significant likelihood of mixing dangerous waste constituents in the same area. Examples of dangerous waste management units include a surface impoundment, a waste pile, a land treatment area, a landfill cell, an incinerator, a tank and its associated piping and underlying containment system and a container storage area. A container alone does not constitute a unit; the unit includes containers and the land or pad upon which they are placed.
"Dangerous wastes" means those solid wastes designated in WAC 173-303-070 through 173-303-100 as dangerous, or extremely hazardous or mixed waste. As used in this chapter, the words "dangerous waste" will refer to the full universe of wastes regulated by this chapter. The abbreviation "DW" will refer only to that part of the regulated universe which is not extremely hazardous waste. (See also "extremely hazardous waste," "hazardous waste," and "mixed waste" definitions.)
"Debris" means solid material exceeding a 60 mm particle size that is intended for disposal and that is: A manufactured object; or plant or animal matter; or natural geologic material. However, the following materials are not debris: Any material for which a specific treatment standard is provided in 40 CFR Part 268 Subpart D (incorporated by reference in WAC 173-303-140 (2)(a)); process residuals such as smelter slag and residues from the treatment of waste, wastewater, sludges, or air emission residues; and intact containers of hazardous waste that are not ruptured and that retain at least seventy-five percent of their original volume. A mixture of debris that has not been treated to the standards provided by 40 CFR 268.45 and other material is subject to regulation as debris if the mixture is comprised primarily of debris, by volume, based on visual inspection.
"Department" means the department of ecology.
"Dermal LD50" means the single dosage in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) body weight which, when dermally (skin) applied for 24 hours, within 14 days kills half of a group of ten rabbits each weighing between 2.0 and 3.0 kilograms.
"Designated facility" means a dangerous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facility that has received a permit (or interim status) in accordance with the requirements of this chapter, has received a permit (or interim status) from another state authorized in accordance with 40 CFR Part 271, has received a permit (or interim status from EPA in accordance with 40 CFR Part 270, or is regulated under WAC 173-303-120 (4)(c) or 173-303-525 when the dangerous waste is to be recycled, and that has been designated on the manifest pursuant to WAC 173-303-180(1). If a waste is destined to a facility in an authorized state that has not yet obtained authorization to regulate that particular waste as dangerous, then the designated facility must be a facility allowed by the receiving state to accept such waste. The following are designated facilities only for receipt of state-only waste; they cannot receive federal hazardous waste from off-site: Facilities with permit-by-rule under WAC 173-303-802 (5)(a) and facilities operating under WAC 173-303-500 (2)(c).
"Designation" is the process of determining whether a waste is regulated under the dangerous waste lists, WAC 173-303-080 through 173-303-082; or characteristics, WAC 173-303-090; or criteria, WAC 173-303-100. The procedures for designating wastes are in WAC 173-303-070. A waste that has been designated as a dangerous waste may be either DW or EHW.
"Destination facility" means a facility that treats,
disposes of, or recycles a particular category of universal
waste, except those management activities described in WAC 173-303-573 (9)(a) ((and)), (b) and (c) and 173-303-573 (20)(a)
((and)), (b) and (c). A facility at which a particular category
of universal waste is only accumulated, is not a destination
facility for purposes of managing that category of universal
waste.
"Dike" means an embankment or ridge of natural or man-made materials used to prevent the movement of liquids, sludges, solids, or other substances.
"Director" means the director of the department of ecology or his designee.
"Discharge" or "dangerous waste discharge" means the accidental or intentional release of hazardous substances, dangerous waste or dangerous waste constituents such that the substance, waste or a waste constituent may enter or be emitted into the environment.
"Disposal" means the discharging, discarding, or abandoning of dangerous wastes or the treatment, decontamination, or recycling of such wastes once they have been discarded or abandoned. This includes the discharge of any dangerous wastes into or on any land, air, or water.
"Domestic sewage" means untreated sanitary wastes that pass through a sewer system to a publicly owned treatment works (POTW) for treatment.
"Draft permit" means a document prepared under WAC 173-303-840 indicating the department's tentative decision to issue or deny, modify, revoke and reissue, or terminate a permit. A notice of intent to terminate or deny a permit are types of draft permits. A denial of a request for modification, revocation and reissuance, or termination as discussed in WAC 173-303-830 is not a draft permit.
"Drip pad" is an engineered structure consisting of a curbed, free-draining base, constructed of nonearthen materials and designed to convey preservative kick-back or drippage from treated wood, precipitation, and surface water run-on to an associated collection system at wood preserving plants.
"Elementary neutralization unit" means a device which:
Is used for neutralizing wastes which are dangerous wastes only because they exhibit the corrosivity characteristics defined in WAC 173-303-090 or are listed in WAC 173-303-081, or in 173-303-082 only for this reason; and
Meets the definition of tank, tank system, container, transport vehicle, or vessel.
"Enforceable document" means an order, consent decree, plan or other document that meets the requirements of 40 CFR 271.16(e) and is issued by the director to apply alternative requirements for closure, post-closure, ground water monitoring, corrective action or financial assurance under WAC 173-303-610 (1)(d), 173-303-645 (1)(e), or 173-303-620 (8)(d) or, as incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-040, 40 CFR 265.90(f), 265.110(d), or 265.140(d). Enforceable documents include, but are not limited to, permits issued under chapter 70.105 RCW, orders issued under chapter 70.105 RCW and orders and consent decrees issued under chapter 70.105D RCW, and closure plans and post-closure plans.
"Environment" means any air, land, water, or ground water.
"EPA/state identification number" or "EPA/state ID#" means the number assigned by EPA or by the department of ecology to each generator, transporter, and TSD facility.
"Existing tank system" or "existing component" means a tank system or component that is used for the storage or treatment of dangerous waste and that is in operation, or for which installation has commenced on or prior to February 3, 1989. Installation will be considered to have commenced if the owner or operator has obtained all federal, state, and local approvals or permits necessary to begin physical construction of the site or installation of the tank system and if either:
A continuous on-site physical construction or installation program has begun; or
The owner or operator has entered into contractual obligations, which cannot be canceled or modified without substantial loss, for physical construction of the site or installation of the tank system to be completed within a reasonable time.
"Excluded scrap metal" is processed scrap metal, unprocessed home scrap metal, and unprocessed prompt scrap metal.
"Existing TSD facility" means a facility which was in operation or for which construction commenced on or before November 19, 1980, for wastes designated by 40 CFR Part 261, or August 9, 1982, for wastes designated only by this chapter and not designated by 40 CFR Part 261. A facility has commenced construction if the owner or operator has obtained permits and approvals necessary under federal, state, and local statutes, regulations, and ordinances and either:
A continuous on-site, physical construction program has begun; or
The owner or operator has entered into contractual obligation, which cannot be cancelled or modified without substantial loss, for physical construction of the facility to be completed within a reasonable time.
"Explosives or munitions emergency" means a situation involving the suspected or detected presence of unexploded ordnance (UXO), damaged or deteriorated explosives or munitions, an improvised explosive device (IED), other potentially explosive material or device, or other potentially harmful military chemical munitions or device, that creates an actual or potential imminent threat to human health, including safety, or the environment, including property, as determined by an explosives or munitions emergency response specialist. Such situations may require immediate and expeditious action by an explosives or munitions emergency response specialist to control, mitigate, or eliminate the threat.
"Explosives or munitions emergency response" means all immediate response activities by an explosives and munitions emergency response specialist to control, mitigate, or eliminate the actual or potential threat encountered during an explosives or munitions emergency. An explosives or munitions emergency response may include in-place render-safe procedures, treatment or destruction of the explosives or munitions and/or transporting those items to another location to be rendered safe, treated, or destroyed. Any reasonable delay in the completion of an explosives or munitions emergency response caused by a necessary, unforeseen, or uncontrollable circumstance will not terminate the explosives or munitions emergency. Explosives and munitions emergency responses can occur on either public or private lands and are not limited to responses at RCRA facilities.
"Explosives or munitions emergency response specialist" means an individual trained in chemical or conventional munitions or explosives handling, transportation, render-safe procedures, or destruction techniques. Explosives or munitions emergency response specialists include Department of Defense (DOD) emergency explosive ordnance disposal (EOD), technical escort unit (TEU), and DOD-certified civilian or contractor personnel; and other federal, state, or local government, or civilian personnel similarly trained in explosives or munitions emergency responses.
"Extremely hazardous waste" means those dangerous and mixed wastes designated in WAC 173-303-100 as extremely hazardous. The abbreviation "EHW" will be used in this chapter to refer to those dangerous and mixed wastes which are extremely hazardous. (See also "dangerous waste" and "hazardous waste" definitions.)
"Facility" means:
• All contiguous land, and structures, other appurtenances,
and improvements on the land used for recycling, reusing,
reclaiming, transferring, storing, treating, or disposing of
dangerous waste. A facility may consist of several treatment,
storage, or disposal operational units (((e.g.)) for example, one
or more landfills, surface impoundments, or combination of them).
Unless otherwise specified in this chapter, the terms
"facility," "treatment, storage, disposal facility," "TSD
facility," "dangerous waste facility" or "waste management
facility" are used interchangeably. ((For the purposes of
implementing corrective action imposed pursuant to WAC 173-303-646 (2) or (3), the term facility has the following
meaning: All contiguous property under the control of an owner
or operator seeking or required to have a permit under the
provisions of chapter 70.105 RCW or chapter 173-303 WAC,
including the definition of facility at RCW 70.105D.020(3).))
• For purposes of implementing corrective action under WAC 173-303-646 (2) or (3), "facility" also means all contiguous property under the control of an owner or operator seeking a permit under chapter 70.105 RCW or chapter 173-303 WAC and includes the definition of facility at RCW 70.105D.020(4).
"Facility mailing list" means the mailing list for a facility maintained by the department in accordance with WAC 173-303-840 (3)(e)(I)(D).
"Final closure" means the closure of all dangerous waste management units at the facility in accordance with all applicable closure requirements so that dangerous waste management activities under WAC 173-303-400 and 173-303-600 through 173-303-670 are no longer conducted at the facility. Areas only subject to generator standards WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230 need not be included in final closure.
"Fish LC50" means the concentration that will kill fifty percent of the exposed fish in a specified time period. For book designation, LC50 data must be derived from an exposure period greater than or equal to twenty-four hours. A hierarchy of species LC50 data should be used that includes (in decreasing order of preference) salmonids, fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas), and other fish species. For the ninety-six-hour static acute fish toxicity test, described in WAC 173-303-110 (3)(b)(i), coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), or brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) must be used.
"Food chain crops" means tobacco, crops grown for human consumption, and crops grown to feed animals whose products are consumed by humans.
"Freeboard" means the vertical distance between the top of a tank or surface impoundment dike, and the surface of the waste contained therein.
"Fugitive emissions" means the emission of contaminants from sources other than the control system exit point. Material handling, storage piles, doors, windows and vents are typical sources of fugitive emissions.
"Generator" means any person, by site, whose act or process produces dangerous waste or whose act first causes a dangerous waste to become subject to regulation.
"Genetic properties" means those properties which cause or significantly contribute to mutagenic, teratogenic, or carcinogenic effects in man or wildlife.
"Ground water" means water which fills voids below the land surface and in the earth's crust.
"Halogenated organic compounds" (HOC) means any organic compounds which, as part of their composition, include one or more atoms of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine which is/are bonded directly to a carbon atom. This definition does not apply to the federal land disposal restrictions of 40 CFR Part 268 which are incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-140 (2)(a). Note: Additional information on HOCs may be found in Chemical Testing Methods for Designating Dangerous Waste, Ecology Publication #97-407.
"Hazardous debris" means debris that contains a hazardous waste listed in WAC 173-303-9903 or 173-303-9904, or that exhibits a characteristic of hazardous waste identified in WAC 173-303-090.
"Hazardous substances" means any liquid, solid, gas, or sludge, including any material, substance, product, commodity, or waste, regardless of quantity, that exhibits any of the physical, chemical or biological properties described in WAC 173-303-090 or 173-303-100.
"Hazardous wastes" means those solid wastes designated by 40 CFR Part 261, and regulated as hazardous and/or mixed waste by the United States EPA. This term will never be abbreviated in this chapter to avoid confusion with the abbreviations "DW" and "EHW." (See also "dangerous waste" and "extremely hazardous waste" definitions.)
"Home scrap metal" is scrap metal as generated by steel mills, foundries, and refineries such as turnings, cuttings, punchings, and borings.
"Ignitable waste" means a dangerous waste that exhibits the characteristic of ignitability described in WAC 173-303-090(5).
"Inactive portion" means that portion of a facility which has not recycled, treated, stored, or disposed dangerous waste after:
The effective date of the waste's designation, for wastes designated under 40 CFR Part 261; and
March 10, 1982, for wastes designated only by this chapter and not designated by 40 CFR Part 261.
"Inactive range" means a military range that is not currently being used, but that is still under military control and considered by the military to be a potential range area, and that has not been put to a new use that is incompatible with range activities.
"Incinerator" means any enclosed device that:
Uses controlled flame combustion and neither meets the criteria for classification as a boiler, sludge dryer, or carbon regeneration unit, nor is listed as an industrial furnace; or
Meets the definition of infrared incinerator or plasma arc incinerator.
"Incompatible waste" means a dangerous waste which is unsuitable for placement in a particular device or facility because it may corrode or decay the containment materials, or is unsuitable for mixing with another waste or material because the mixture might produce heat or pressure, fire or explosion, violent reaction, toxic dusts, fumes, mists, or gases, or flammable fumes or gases.
"Independent qualified registered professional engineer" means a person who is licensed by the state of Washington, or a state which has reciprocity with the state of Washington as defined in RCW 18.43.100, and who is not an employee of the owner or operator of the facility for which construction or modification certification is required. A qualified professional engineer is an engineer with expertise in the specific area for which a certification is given.
"Industrial-furnace" means any of the following enclosed devices that are integral components of manufacturing processes and that use thermal treatment to accomplish recovery of materials or energy: Cement kilns; lime kilns; aggregate kilns; phosphate kilns; blast furnaces; smelting, melting, and refining furnaces (including pyrometallurgical devices such as cupolas, reverberator furnaces, sintering machines, roasters and foundry furnaces); titanium dioxide chloride process oxidation reactors; coke ovens; methane reforming furnaces; combustion devices used in the recovery of sulfur values from spent sulfuric acid; pulping liquor recovery furnaces; combustion devices used in the recovery of sulfur values from spent sulfuric acid; and halogen acid furnaces (HAFs) for the production of acid from halogenated dangerous waste generated by chemical production facilities where the furnace is located on the site of a chemical production facility, the acid product has a halogen acid content of at least 3%, the acid product is used in a manufacturing process, and, except for dangerous waste burned as fuel, dangerous waste fed to the furnace has a minimum halogen content of 20% as-generated. The department may decide to add devices to this list on the basis of one or more of the following factors:
The device is designed and used primarily to accomplish recovery of material products;
The device burns or reduces secondary materials as ingredients in an industrial process to make a material product;
The device burns or reduces secondary materials as effective substitutes for raw materials in processes using raw materials as principal feedstocks;
The device burns or reduces raw materials to make a material product;
The device is in common industrial use to produce a material product; and
Other factors, as appropriate.
"Infrared incinerator" means any enclosed device that uses electric powered resistance heaters as a source of radiant heat followed by an afterburner using controlled flame combustion and which is not listed as an industrial furnace.
"Inground tank" means a device meeting the definition of "tank" in this section whereby a portion of the tank wall is situated to any degree within the ground, thereby preventing visual inspection of that external surface area of the tank that is in the ground.
"Inner liner" means a continuous layer of material placed inside a tank or container which protects the construction materials of the tank or container from the waste or reagents used to treat the waste.
"Installation inspector" means a person who, by reason of his knowledge of the physical sciences and the principles of engineering, acquired by a professional education and related practical experience, is qualified to supervise the installation of tank systems.
"Interim status permit" means a temporary permit given to TSD facilities which qualify under WAC 173-303-805.
"Lamp," also referred to as "universal waste lamp" means any type of high or low pressure bulb or tube portion of an electric lighting device that generates light through the discharge of electricity either directly or indirectly as radiant energy. Universal waste lamps include, but are not limited to, fluorescent, mercury vapor, metal halide, high-pressure sodium and neon. As a reference, it may be assumed that four, four-foot, one-inch diameter unbroken fluorescent tubes are equal to 2.2 pounds in weight.
"Land disposal" means placement in or on the land, except in
a corrective action management unit or staging pile, and
includes, but is not limited to, placement in a((:))
landfill((;)), surface impoundment((;)), waste pile((;)),
injection well((;)), land treatment facility((;)), salt dome
((or)) formation, salt bed formation((;)), underground mine or
cave((;)), or placement in a concrete vault((;)), or bunker((; or
miscellaneous unit)) intended for disposal purposes.
"Landfill" means a disposal facility, or part of a facility, where dangerous waste is placed in or on land and which is not a pile, a land treatment facility, a surface impoundment, or an underground injection well, a salt dome formation, a salt bed formation, an underground mine, a cave, or a corrective action management unit.
"Land treatment" means the practice of applying dangerous waste onto or incorporating dangerous waste into the soil surface so that it will degrade or decompose. If the waste will remain after the facility is closed, this practice is disposal.
"Large quantity handler of universal waste" means a
universal waste handler (as defined in this section) who
accumulates 11,000 pounds or more total of universal waste
(batteries ((or)), thermostats, and lamps calculated
collectively) and/or who accumulates more than 2,200 pounds of
lamps at any time. This designation as a large quantity handler
of universal waste is retained through the end of the calendar
year in which 11,000 pounds or more total of universal waste is
accumulated.
"Leachable inorganic waste" means solid dangerous waste (i.e., passes paint filter test) that is not an organic/carbonaceous waste and exhibits the toxicity characteristic (dangerous waste numbers D004 to D011, only) under WAC 173-303-090(8).
"Leachate" means any liquid, including any components suspended in the liquid, that has percolated through or drained from dangerous waste.
"Leak-detection system" means a system capable of detecting the failure of either the primary or secondary containment structure or the presence of a release of dangerous waste or accumulated liquid in the secondary containment structure. Such a system must employ operational controls (e.g., daily visual inspections for releases into the secondary containment system of aboveground tanks) or consist of an interstitial monitoring device designed to detect continuously and automatically the failure of the primary or secondary containment structure or the presence of a release of dangerous waste into the secondary containment structure.
"Legal defense costs" means any expenses that an insurer incurs in defending against claims of third parties brought under the terms and conditions of an insurance policy.
"Liner" means a continuous layer of man-made or natural materials which restrict the escape of dangerous waste, dangerous waste constituents, or leachate through the sides, bottom, or berms of a surface impoundment, waste pile, or landfill.
"Major facility" means a facility or activity classified by the department as major.
"Manifest" means the shipping document, prepared in accordance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-180, which is used to identify the quantity, composition, origin, routing, and destination of a dangerous waste while it is being transported to a point of transfer, disposal, treatment, or storage.
"Manufacturing process unit" means a unit which is an integral and inseparable portion of a manufacturing operation, processing a raw material into a manufacturing intermediate or finished product, reclaiming spent materials or reconditioning components.
"Micronutrient" means a produced or imported commercial fertilizer that contains commercially valuable concentrations of micronutrients but does not contain commercially valuable concentrations of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, available phosphorous, potash, calcium, magnesium, or sulfur. Micronutrients are boron, chlorine, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, sodium, and zinc.
"Military" means the Department of Defense (DOD), the Armed Services, Coast Guard, National Guard, Department of Energy (DOE), or other parties under contract or acting as an agent for the foregoing, who handle military munitions.
"Military munitions" means all ammunition products and components produced or used by or for the U.S. Department of Defense or the U.S. Armed Services for national defense and security, including military munitions under the control of the Department of Defense, the U.S. Coast Guard, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and National Guard personnel. The term military munitions includes: Confined gaseous, liquid, and solid propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics, chemical and riot control agents, smokes, and incendiaries used by DOD components, including bulk explosives and chemical warfare agents, chemical munitions, rockets, guided and ballistic missiles, bombs, warheads, mortar rounds, artillery ammunition, small arms ammunition, grenades, mines, torpedoes, depth charges, cluster munitions and dispensers, demolition charges, and devices and components thereof. Military munitions do not include wholly inert items, improvised explosive devices, and nuclear weapons, nuclear devices, and nuclear components thereof. However, the term does include nonnuclear components of nuclear devices, managed under DOE's nuclear weapons program after all required sanitization operations under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, have been completed.
"Military range" means designated land and water areas set aside, managed, and used to conduct research on, develop, test, and evaluate military munitions and explosives, other ordnance, or weapon systems, or to train military personnel in their use and handling. Ranges include firing lines and positions, maneuver areas, firing lanes, test pads, detonation pads, impact areas, and buffer zones with restricted access and exclusionary areas.
"Miscellaneous unit" means a dangerous waste management unit
where dangerous waste is treated, stored, or disposed of and that
is not a container, tank, surface impoundment, pile, land
treatment unit, landfill, incinerator, boiler, industrial
furnace, underground injection well with appropriate technical
standards under 40 CFR Part 146, containment building, corrective
action management unit, temporary unit, ((underground injection
well with appropriate technical standards under 40 CFR Part 146))
staging pile, or unit eligible for a research, development, and
demonstration permit under WAC 173-303-809.
"Mixed waste" means a dangerous, extremely hazardous, or acutely hazardous waste that contains both a nonradioactive hazardous component and, as defined by 10 CFR 20.1003, source, special nuclear, or by-product material subject to the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.).
"New tank system" or "new tank component" means a tank system or component that will be used for the storage or treatment of dangerous waste and for which installation has commenced after February 3, 1989; except, however, for purposes of WAC 173-303-640 (4)(g)(ii) and 40 CFR 265.193 (g)(2) as adopted by reference in WAC 173-303-400(3), a new tank system is one for which construction commences after February 3, 1989. (See also "existing tank system.")
"New TSD facility" means a facility which began operation or for which construction commenced after November 19, 1980, for wastes designated by 40 CFR Part 261, or August 9, 1982, for wastes designated only by this chapter and not designated by 40 CFR Part 261.
"NIOSH registry" means the registry of toxic effects of chemical substances which is published by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
"Nonsudden accident" or "nonsudden accidental occurrence" means an unforeseen and unexpected occurrence which takes place over time and involves continuous or repeated exposure.
"Occurrence" means an accident, including continuous or repeated exposure to conditions, which results in bodily injury or property damage which the owner or operator neither expected nor intended to occur.
"Off-specification used oil fuel" means used oil fuel that exceeds any specification level described in Table 1 in WAC 173-303-515.
"Onground tank" means a device meeting the definition of "tank" in this section and that is situated in such a way that the bottom of the tank is on the same level as the adjacent surrounding surface so that the external tank bottom cannot be visually inspected.
"On-site" means the same or geographically contiguous property which may be divided by public or private right of way, provided that the entrance and exit between the properties is at a cross-roads intersection, and access is by crossing as opposed to going along the right of way. Noncontiguous properties owned by the same person but connected by a right of way which they control and to which the public does not have access, are also considered on-site property.
"Operator" means the person responsible for the overall operation of a facility. (See also "state operator.")
"Oral LD50" means the single dosage in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) body weight, when orally administered, which, within 14 days, kills half a group of ten or more white rats each weighing between 200 and 300 grams.
"Organic/carbonaceous waste" means a dangerous waste that contains combined concentrations of greater than ten percent organic/carbonaceous constituents in the waste; organic/carbonaceous constituents are those substances that contain carbon-hydrogen, carbon-halogen, or carbon-carbon chemical bonding.
"Partial closure" means the closure of a dangerous waste management unit in accordance with the applicable closure requirements of WAC 173-303-400 and 173-303-600 through 173-303-670 at a facility that contains other active dangerous waste management units. For example, partial closure may include the closure of a tank (including its associated piping and underlying containment systems), landfill cell, surface impoundment, waste pile, or other dangerous waste management unit, while other units of the same facility continue to operate.
"Permit" means an authorization which allows a person to perform dangerous waste transfer, storage, treatment, or disposal operations, and which typically will include specific conditions for such facility operations. Permits must be issued by one of the following:
The department, pursuant to this chapter;
United States EPA, pursuant to 40 CFR Part 270; or
Another state authorized by EPA, pursuant to 40 CFR Part 271.
"Permit-by-rule" means a provision of this chapter stating that a facility or activity is deemed to have a dangerous waste permit if it meets the requirements of the provision.
"Persistence" means the quality of a material that retains more than half of its initial activity after one year (365 days) in either a dark anaerobic or dark aerobic environment at ambient conditions. Persistent compounds are either halogenated organic compounds (HOC) or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as defined in this section.
"Person" means any person, firm, association, county, public or municipal or private corporation, agency, or other entity whatsoever.
"Pesticide" means but is not limited to: Any substance or mixture of substances intended to prevent, destroy, control, repel, or mitigate any insect, rodent, nematode, mollusk, fungus, weed, and any other form of plant or animal life, or virus (except virus on or in living man or other animal) which is normally considered to be a pest or which the department of agriculture may declare to be a pest; any substance or mixture of substances intended to be used as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant; any substance or mixture of substances intended to be used as spray adjuvant; and, any other substance intended for such use as may be named by the department of agriculture by regulation. Herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, and rodenticides are pesticides for the purposes of this chapter.
"Pile" means any noncontainerized accumulation of solid, nonflowing dangerous waste that is used for treatment or storage.
"Plasma arc incinerator" means any enclosed device using a high intensity electrical discharge or arc as a source of heat followed by an afterburner using controlled flame combustion and which is not listed as an industrial furnace.
"Point source" means any confined and discrete conveyance from which pollutants are or may be discharged. This term includes, but is not limited to, pipes, ditches, channels, tunnels, wells, cracks, containers, rolling stock, concentrated animal feeding operations, or watercraft, but does not include return flows from irrigated agriculture.
"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons" (PAH) means those hydrocarbon molecules composed of two or more fused benzene rings. For purposes of this chapter, the PAHs of concern for designation are: Acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, fluorene, anthracene, fluoranthene, phenanthrene, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene, indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, dibenzo [(a,e), (a,h), (a,i), and (a,1)] pyrenes, and dibenzo(a,j) acridine.
"Post-closure" means the requirements placed upon disposal facilities (e.g., landfills, impoundments closed as disposal facilities, etc.) after closure to ensure their environmental safety for a number of years after closure. (See also "closure.")
"Processed scrap metal" is scrap metal that has been manually or physically altered to either separate it into distinct materials to enhance economic value or to improve the handling of materials. Processed scrap metal includes, but is not limited to, scrap metal which has been baled, shredded, sheared, chopped, crushed, flattened, cut, melted, or separated by metal type (that is, sorted), and fines, drosses and related materials that have been agglomerated. Note: Shredded circuit boards being sent for recycling are not considered processed scrap metal. They are covered under the exclusion from the definition of solid waste for shredded circuit boards being recycled (WAC 173-303-071 (3)(ff)).
"Prompt scrap metal" is scrap metal as generated by the metal working/fabrication industries and includes such scrap metal as turnings, cuttings, punchings, and borings. Prompt scrap is also known as industrial or new scrap metal.
"Publicly owned treatment works" or "POTW" means any device or system, owned by the state or a municipality, which is used in the treatment, recycling, or reclamation of municipal sewage or liquid industrial wastes. This term includes sewers, pipes, or other conveyances only if they convey wastewater to a POTW.
"Qualified ground water scientist" means a scientist or engineer who has received a baccalaureate or post-graduate degree in the natural sciences or engineering, and has sufficient training and experience in ground water hydrology and related fields to make sound professional judgments regarding ground water monitoring and contaminant fate and transport. Sufficient training and experience may be demonstrated by state registration, professional certifications, or completion of accredited university courses.
"Reactive waste" means a dangerous waste that exhibits the characteristic of reactivity described in WAC 173-303-090(7).
"Reclaim" means to process a material in order to recover useable products, or to regenerate the material. Reclamation is the process of reclaiming.
"Recover" means extract a useable material from a solid or dangerous waste through a physical, chemical, biological, or thermal process. Recovery is the process of recovering.
"Recycle" means to use, reuse, or reclaim a material.
"Regulated unit" means any new or existing surface impoundment, landfill, land treatment area or waste pile that receives any dangerous waste after:
July 26, 1982, for wastes regulated by 40 CFR Part 261;
October 31, 1984 for wastes designated only by this chapter and not regulated by 40 CFR Part 261; or
The date six months after a waste is newly identified by amendments to 40 CFR Part 261 or this chapter which cause the waste to be regulated.
"Release" means any intentional or unintentional spilling,
leaking, pouring, emitting, emptying, discharging, injecting,
pumping, escaping, leaching, dumping, or disposing of dangerous
wastes, or dangerous constituents as defined at WAC 173-303-646
(1)(c), into the environment and includes the abandonment or
discarding of barrels, containers, and other receptacles
containing dangerous wastes or dangerous constituents and
includes the definition of release at RCW 70.105D.020(((10)))
(20).
"Remediation waste" means all solid ((or)) and dangerous
waste((s,)) and all media (including ground water, surface water,
soils, and sediments) and debris((, which)) that contain listed
dangerous wastes((,)) or ((which themselves)) that exhibit a
dangerous waste characteristic or criteria((, that are managed
for the purpose of implementing corrective action requirements
imposed pursuant to WAC 173-303-646 (2) or (3). For a given
facility, remediation wastes may originate only from within the
facility boundary, except that remediation waste may include
wastes managed in implementing corrective action in accordance
with WAC 173-303-646 (2)(b) for releases extending beyond the
facility boundary)) when managed for implementing cleanup.
"Replacement unit" means a landfill, surface impoundment, or waste pile unit from which all or substantially all of the waste is removed, and that is subsequently reused to treat, store, or dispose of dangerous waste. "Replacement unit" does not apply to a unit from which waste is removed during closure, if the subsequent reuse solely involves the disposal of waste from that unit and other closing units or corrective action areas at the facility, in accordance with an approved closure plan or EPA or state approved corrective action.
"Representative sample" means a sample which can be expected to exhibit the average properties of the sample source.
"Reuse or use" means to employ a material either:
As an ingredient (including use as an intermediate) in an industrial process to make a product (for example, distillation bottoms from one process used as feedstock in another process). However, a material will not satisfy this condition if distinct components of the material are recovered as separate end products (as when metals are recovered from metal-containing secondary materials); or
In a particular function or application as an effective substitute for a commercial product (for example, spent pickle liquor used as phosphorous precipitant and sludge conditioner in wastewater treatment).
"Run-off" means any rainwater, leachate, or other liquid which drains over land from any part of a facility.
"Run-on" means any rainwater, leachate, or other liquid which drains over land onto any part of a facility.
"Satellite accumulation area" means a location at or near any point of generation where hazardous waste is initially accumulated in containers (during routine operations) prior to consolidation at a designated ninety-day accumulation area or storage area. The area must be under the control of the operator of the process generating the waste or secured at all times to prevent improper additions of wastes into the satellite containers.
"Schedule of compliance" means a schedule of remedial measures in a permit including an enforceable sequence of interim requirements leading to compliance with this chapter.
"Scrap metal" means bits and pieces of metal parts (e.g., bars, turnings, rods, sheets, wire) or metal pieces that may be combined together with bolts or soldering (e.g., radiators, scrap automobiles, railroad box cars), which when worn or superfluous can be recycled.
"Sludge" means any solid, semisolid, or liquid waste generated from a municipal, commercial, or industrial wastewater treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility. This term does not include the treated effluent from a wastewater treatment plant.
"Sludge dryer" means any enclosed thermal treatment device that is used to dehydrate sludge and that has a maximum total thermal input, excluding the heating value of the sludge itself, of 2,500 Btu/lb of sludge treated on a wet-weight basis.
"Small quantity handler of universal waste" means a
universal waste handler (as defined in this section) who does not
accumulate ((more than)) 11,000 pounds or more total of universal
waste (batteries ((or)), thermostats, and lamps, calculated
collectively) and/or who does not accumulate more than 2,200
pounds of lamps at any time.
"Solid acid waste" means a dangerous waste that exhibits the characteristic of low pH under the corrosivity tests of WAC 173-303-090 (6)(a)(iii).
"Solid waste management unit" or "SWMU" means any discernible location at a facility, as defined for the purposes of corrective action, where solid wastes have been placed at any time, irrespective of whether the location was intended for the management of solid or dangerous waste. Such locations include any area at a facility at which solid wastes, including spills, have been routinely and systematically released. Such units include regulated units as defined by chapter 173-303 WAC.
"Sorbent" means a material that is used to soak up free liquids by either adsorption or absorption, or both. Sorb means to either adsorb or absorb, or both.
"Special incinerator ash" means ash residues resulting from the operation of incineration or energy recovery facilities managing municipal solid waste from residential, commercial and industrial establishments, if the ash residues are designated as dangerous waste only by this chapter and not designated as hazardous waste by 40 CFR Part 261.
"Special waste" means any state-only dangerous waste that is solid only (nonliquid, nonaqueous, nongaseous), that is: Corrosive waste (WAC 173-303-090 (6)(b)(ii)), toxic waste that has Category D toxicity (WAC 173-303-100(5)), PCB waste (WAC 173-303-9904 under State Sources), or persistent waste that is not EHW (WAC 173-303-100(6)). Any solid waste that is regulated by the United States EPA as hazardous waste cannot be a special waste.
"Spent material" means any material that has been used and as a result of contamination can no longer serve the purpose for which it was produced without processing.
"Stabilization" and "solidification" means a technique that limits the solubility and mobility of dangerous waste constituents. Solidification immobilizes a waste through physical means and stabilization immobilizes the waste by bonding or chemically reacting with the stabilizing material.
"Staging pile" means an accumulation of solid, nonflowing, remediation waste that is not a containment building or a corrective action management unit and that is used for temporary storage of remediation waste for implementing corrective action under WAC 173-303-646 or other clean up activities.
"State-only dangerous waste" means a waste designated only by this chapter, chapter 173-303 WAC, and is not regulated as a hazardous waste under 40 CFR Part 261.
"State operator" means the person responsible for the overall operation of the state's extremely hazardous waste facility on the Hanford Reservation.
"Storage" means the holding of dangerous waste for a temporary period. "Accumulation" of dangerous waste, by the generator on the site of generation, is not storage as long as the generator complies with the applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-200 and 173-303-201.
"Sudden accident" means an unforeseen and unexpected occurrence which is not continuous or repeated in nature.
"Sump" means any pit or reservoir that meets the definition of tank and those troughs/trenches connected to it that serves to collect dangerous waste for transport to dangerous waste storage, treatment, or disposal facilities; except that as used in the landfill, surface impoundment, and waste pile rules, "sump" means any lined pit or reservoir that serves to collect liquids drained from a leachate collection and removal system or leak detection system for subsequent removal from the system.
"Surface impoundment" means a facility or part of a facility which is a natural topographic depression, man-made excavation, or diked area formed primarily of earthen materials (although it may be lined with man-made materials), and which is designed to hold an accumulation of liquid dangerous wastes or dangerous wastes containing free liquids. The term includes holding, storage, settling, and aeration pits, ponds, or lagoons, but does not include injection wells.
"Tank" means a stationary device designed to contain an accumulation of dangerous waste, and which is constructed primarily of nonearthen materials to provide structural support.
"Tank system" means a dangerous waste storage or treatment tank and its associated ancillary equipment and containment system.
"Temporary unit" ((or "TU" means a tank or container unit
used temporarily for the treatment or storage of remediation
waste, that is designated by the director pursuant to WAC 173-303-646(7) for the purpose of implementing the corrective
action requirements of WAC 173-303-646 (2) or (3))) means a tank
or container that is not an accumulation unit under WAC 173-303-200 and that is used for temporary treatment or storage
of remediation waste for implementing corrective action under WAC 173-303-646 or other clean up activities.
"Thermal treatment" means the treatment of dangerous waste in a device which uses elevated temperatures as the primary means to change the chemical, physical, or biological character or composition of the dangerous waste. Examples of thermal treatment processes are incineration, molten salt, pyrolysis, calcination, wet air oxidation, and microwave discharge.
"Thermostat" means a temperature control device that contains metallic mercury in an ampule attached to a bimetal sensing element, and mercury-containing ampules that have been removed from these temperature control devices in compliance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-573 (9)(b)(ii) or (20)(b)(ii).
"TLm96" means the same as "Aquatic LC50."
"Totally enclosed treatment facility" means a facility for treating dangerous waste which is directly connected to a production process and which prevents the release of dangerous waste or dangerous waste constituents into the environment during treatment.
"Toxic" means having the properties to cause or to significantly contribute to death, injury, or illness of man or wildlife.
"Transfer facility" means any transportation related
facility including loading docks, parking areas, storage areas,
buildings, piers, and other similar areas where shipments of
((hazardous)) dangerous waste are held ((for)), consolidated, or
transferred within a period of ten days or less during the normal
course of transportation.
"Transport vehicle" means a motor vehicle, water vessel, or rail car used for the transportation of cargo by any mode. Each cargo-carrying body (trailer, railroad freight car, steamship, etc.) is a separate transport vehicle.
"Transportation" means the movement of dangerous waste by air, rail, highway, or water.
"Transporter" means a person engaged in the off-site transportation of dangerous waste.
"Travel time" means the period of time necessary for a dangerous waste constituent released to the soil (either by accident or intent) to enter any on-site or off-site aquifer or water supply system.
"Treatability study" means a study in which a dangerous waste is subjected to a treatment process to determine: Whether the waste is amenable to the treatment process; what pretreatment (if any) is required; the optimal process conditions needed to achieve the desired treatment; the efficiency of a treatment process for a specific waste or wastes; or the characteristics and volumes of residuals from a particular treatment process. Also included in this definition for the purpose of the exemptions contained in WAC 173-303-071 (3)(r) and (s), are liner compatibility, corrosion, and other material compatibility studies and toxicological and health effects studies. A "treatability study" is not a means to commercially treat or dispose of dangerous waste.
"Treatment" means the physical, chemical, or biological processing of dangerous waste to make such wastes nondangerous or less dangerous, safer for transport, amenable for energy or material resource recovery, amenable for storage, or reduced in volume, with the exception of compacting, repackaging, and sorting as allowed under WAC 173-303-400(2) and 173-303-600(3).
"Treatment zone" means a soil area of the unsaturated zone of a land treatment unit within which dangerous wastes are degraded, transformed or immobilized.
"Triple rinsing" means the cleaning of containers in accordance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-160 (2)(b), containers.
"Underground injection" means the subsurface emplacement of fluids through a bored, drilled, or driven well, or through a dug well, where the depth of the dug well is greater than the largest surface dimension.
"Underground tank" means a device meeting the definition of "tank" in this section whose entire surface area is totally below the surface of and covered by the ground.
"Unexploded ordnance (UXO)" means military munitions that have been primed, fused, armed, or otherwise prepared for action, and have been fired, dropped, launched, projected, or placed in such a manner as to constitute a hazard to operations, installation, personnel, or material and remain unexploded either by malfunction, design, or any other cause.
"Unfit-for-use tank system" means a tank system that has been determined through an integrity assessment or other inspection to be no longer capable of storing or treating dangerous waste without posing a threat of release of dangerous waste to the environment.
"Universal waste" means any of the following dangerous wastes that are subject to the universal waste requirements of WAC 173-303-573:
Batteries as described in WAC 173-303-573(2); ((and))
Thermostats as described in WAC 173-303-573(3); and
Lamps as described in WAC 173-303-573(5).
"Universal waste handler":
Means:
A generator (as defined in this section) of universal waste; or
The owner or operator of a facility, including all contiguous property, that receives universal waste from other universal waste handlers, accumulates universal waste, and sends universal waste to another universal waste handler, to a destination facility, or to a foreign destination.
Does not mean:
A person who treats (except under the provisions of WAC 173-303-573 (9)(a) ((or)), (b), or (c) or (20)(a) ((or)), (b), or
(c)) disposes of, or recycles universal waste; or
A person engaged in the off-site transportation of universal waste by air, rail, highway, or water, including a universal waste transfer facility.
"Universal waste transfer facility" means any transportation-related facility including loading docks, parking areas, storage areas and other similar areas where shipments of universal waste are held during the normal course of transportation for ten days or less.
"Universal waste transporter" means a person engaged in the off-site transportation of universal waste by air, rail, highway, or water.
"Unsaturated zone" means the zone between the land surface and the water table.
"Uppermost aquifer" means the geological formation nearest the natural ground surface that is capable of yielding ground water to wells or springs. It includes lower aquifers that are hydraulically interconnected with this aquifer within the facility property boundary.
"Used oil" means any oil that has been refined from crude oil, or any synthetic oil, that has been used and as a result of such use is contaminated by physical or chemical impurities.
"Vessel" includes every description of watercraft, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on the water.
"Waste-derived fertilizer" means a commercial fertilizer that is derived in whole or in part from solid waste as defined in chapter 70.95 or 70.105 RCW, or rules adopted thereunder, but does not include fertilizers derived from biosolids or biosolid products regulated under chapter 70.95J RCW or wastewaters regulated under chapter 90.48 RCW.
"Wastewater treatment unit" means a device that:
Is part of a wastewater treatment facility which is subject to regulation under either:
Section 402 or section 307(b) of the Federal Clean Water Act; or
Chapter 90.48 RCW, State Water Pollution Control Act, provided that the waste treated at the facility is a state-only dangerous waste; and
Handles dangerous waste in the following manner:
Receives and treats or stores an influent wastewater; or
Generates and accumulates or treats or stores a wastewater treatment sludge; and
Meets the definition of tank or tank system in this section.
"Water or rail (bulk shipment)" means the bulk transportation of dangerous waste which is loaded or carried on board a vessel or railcar without containers or labels.
"Zone of engineering control" means an area under the control of the owner/operator that, upon detection of a dangerous waste release, can be readily cleaned up prior to the release of dangerous waste or dangerous constituents to ground water or surface water.
Any terms used in this chapter which have not been defined in this section have either the same meaning as set forth in Title 40 CFR Parts 260, 264, 270, and 124 or else have their standard, technical meaning.
As used in this chapter, words in the masculine gender also include the feminine and neuter genders, words in the singular include the plural, and words in the plural include the singular.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-040, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-040, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-040, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-040, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-040, filed 1/4/89; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-040, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-040, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-040, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: RCW 70.95.260 and chapter 70.105 RCW. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-040, filed 2/10/82. Formerly WAC 173-302-040.]
Reviser's note: The brackets and enclosed material in the text of the above section occurred in the copy filed by the agency and appear in the Register pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.08.040.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending Order 97-03, filed 1/12/98,
effective 2/12/98)
WAC 173-303-045
References to EPA's hazardous waste and
permit regulations.
(1) Any references in this chapter to any
parts, subparts, or sections from EPA's hazardous waste
regulations, including 40 CFR Parts 260 through 280 and Part 124,
are in reference to those rules as they existed on July 1,
((1996, except for the following:
(a) Update III to SW 846 is incorporated in accordance with the June 13, 1997, Federal Register Volume 62, Number 114; and
(b) The Land Disposal Restriction requirements for carbamate wastes are those that appeared at 40 CFR 268.39 and 268.40 in the June 17, 1997, Federal Register Volume 62, Number 116)) 1999. Copies of the appropriate referenced federal requirements are available upon request from the department.
(2) The following sections and any cross-reference to these sections are not incorporated or adopted by reference because they are provisions that EPA cannot delegate to states:
(a) 40 CFR Parts 260.1 (b)(4)-(6) and 260.20-22.
(b) 40 CFR Parts 264.1 (d) and (f); 265.1 (c)(4); 264.149-150 and 265.149-150; 264.301(k); and 265.430.
(c) 40 CFR Parts 268.5 and 268.6; 268 Subpart B; ((and))
268.42(b) and 268.44 except for 268.44(h).
(d) 40 CFR Parts 270.1 (c)(1)(i); 270.60(b); and 270.64.
(e) 40 CFR Parts 124.1 (b)-(e); 124.4; 124.5(e); 124.9; 124.10 (a)(1)(iv); 124.12(e); 124.14(d); 124.15 (b)(2); 124.16; 124.17(b); 124.18; 124.19; and 124.21.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-045, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-045, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-045, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-045, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-045, filed 1/4/89; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-045, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-045, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-045, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: RCW 70.95.260 and chapter 70.105 RCW. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-045, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Any person who generates, transports, offers for transport, or transfers a dangerous waste, or who owns or operates a dangerous waste TSD facility must have a current EPA/state identification number (EPA/state ID#). Any person who offers a dangerous waste to a transporter or to a dangerous waste TSD facility which does not have an EPA/state ID#, or whose EPA/state ID# has been cancelled or withdrawn, is in violation of this regulation.
(2) Every person who must have an EPA/state ID#, and who has
not already received ((his)) their ID#, must notify the
department by obtaining and completing a Washington State
Notification of Dangerous Waste Activities (Form 2) and
submitting the completed form to the department. Any person
already assigned an EPA/state ID# must notify the department of
any changes to ((his)) their company's name, mailing address,
ownership, physical location, or type of dangerous waste
activity, by submitting a revised Form 2. A revised Form 2 must
be submitted prior to adding or dropping any of the following
activities: Permitted treating, storing and/or disposing,
immediate recycling, transporting, permit by rule, and/or
treatment by generator. For changes of company name ((or)),
mailing address, or ownership, the generator may submit a
corrected ((Registration)) Verification ((Report)) Form (part of
the Dangerous Waste Annual Report) in lieu of a revised Form 2. Any change in site location will require the issuance of a new
EPA/state ID# for waste generation and management facilities. An
EPA/state ID# may not be used at new company locations. A
company that has obtained an ID# as a "transporter only" can move
to a new location and continue to use the same ID#. A revised
notification Form 2 must be submitted to the department. Notification of dangerous waste activities, Form 2 and
instructions for its completion may be obtained by contacting the
department.
(3) Any person with an EPA/state ID# may request that his ID# be withdrawn if he will no longer be handling dangerous waste at the site the ID# has been assigned to. Any person whose ID# has been withdrawn must notify the department before he uses the ID# at any later date. Notification must be in writing, except in the case of emergencies (e.g., fires, spills, etc.) such notification may be provided by telephone first, and followed within one week by a written notification. Withdrawal will only be granted when all applicable requirements of this chapter and chapter 173-305 WAC have been met.
(4) Any person with an EPA/state ID# may request that his ID# be cancelled if he will no longer occupy the site. Notification must be in writing. An EPA/state ID# will be considered cancelled only after all applicable requirements of this chapter and chapter 173-305 WAC have been met.
(5) Any person with a current EPA/state ID# must submit an annual report as required by WAC 173-303-070(8), 173-303-220, and 173-303-390. Any person who has withdrawn or cancelled their ID# must submit an annual report up to the effective date of cancellation or withdrawal. The generator should write the effective date on the notification form for the cancellation or withdrawal; it is the date by which all regulated waste activities (generation, transportation, and management) have ceased at the site.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-060, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-060, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-060, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-060, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: RCW 70.95.260 and chapter 70.105 RCW. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-060, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Purpose and applicability.
(a) This section describes the procedures for determining whether or not a solid waste is DW or EHW.
(b) The procedures in this section are applicable to any person who generates a solid waste (including recyclable materials) that is not exempted or excluded by this chapter or by the department. Any person who must determine whether or not their solid waste is designated must follow the procedures set forth in subsection (3) of this section. Any person who determines by these procedures that their waste is designated DW or EHW is subject to all applicable requirements of this chapter.
(c) The requirements for the small quantity generator exemption are found in subsection (8) of this section.
(2)(a) Once a material has been determined to be a dangerous waste, then any solid waste generated from the recycling, treatment, storage, or disposal of that dangerous waste is a dangerous waste unless and until:
(i) The generator has been able to accurately describe the variability or uniformity of the waste over time, and has been able to obtain demonstration samples which are representative of the waste's variability or uniformity; and
(ii)(A) It does not exhibit any of the characteristics of WAC 173-303-090; however, wastes that exhibit a characteristic at the point of generation may still be subject to the requirements of WAC 173-303-140 (2)(a), even if they no longer exhibit a characteristic at the point of land disposal; and
(B) If it was a listed waste under WAC 173-303-080 through 173-303-083, it also has been exempted pursuant to WAC 173-303-910(3); or
(iii) If originally designated only through WAC 173-303-100, it does not meet any of the criteria of WAC 173-303-100.
Such solid waste will include but not be limited to any sludge, spill residue, ash emission control dust, leachate, or precipitation run-off. Precipitation run-off will not be considered a dangerous waste if it can be shown that the run-off has not been contaminated with the dangerous waste, or that the run-off is adequately addressed under existing state laws (e.g. chapter 90.48 RCW), or that the run-off does not exhibit any of the criteria or characteristics described in WAC 173-303-100.
(b) Materials that are reclaimed from solid wastes and that are used beneficially (as provided in WAC 173-303-016 and 173-303-017) are not solid wastes and hence are not dangerous wastes under this section unless the reclaimed material is burned for energy recovery or used in a manner constituting disposal.
(c) Notwithstanding subsections (1) and (2) of this section and provided the debris does not exhibit a characteristic identified in WAC 173-303-090, the following materials are not subject to regulation under this chapter:
(i) Hazardous debris that has been treated using one of the required extraction or destruction technologies specified in Table 1 of 40 CFR section 268.45; persons claiming this exclusion in an enforcement action will have the burden of proving by clear and convincing evidence that the material meets all of the exclusion requirements; or
(ii) Debris that the department, considering the extent of contamination, has determined is no longer contaminated with hazardous waste.
(3) Designation procedures.
(a) To determine whether or not a solid waste is designated as a dangerous waste a person must:
(i) First, determine if the waste is a listed discarded chemical product, WAC 173-303-081;
(ii) Second, determine if the waste is a listed dangerous waste source, WAC 173-303-082;
(iii) Third, if the waste is not listed in WAC 173-303-081 or 173-303-082, or for the purposes of compliance with the federal land disposal restrictions as adopted by reference in WAC 173-303-140, determine if the waste exhibits any dangerous waste characteristics, WAC 173-303-090; and
(iv) Fourth, if the waste is not listed in WAC 173-303-081 or 173-303-082, and does not exhibit a characteristic in WAC 173-303-090, determine if the waste meets any dangerous waste criteria, WAC 173-303-100.
(b) A person must check each section, in the order set forth, until they determine whether the waste is designated as a dangerous waste. Once the waste is determined to be a dangerous waste, further designation is not required except as required by subsection (4) or (5) of this section. If a person has checked the waste against each section and the waste is not designated, then the waste is not subject to the requirements of chapter 173-303 WAC.
Any person who wishes to seek an exemption for a waste which has been designated DW or EHW must comply with the requirements of WAC 173-303-072.
(c) For the purpose of determining if a solid waste is a dangerous waste as identified in WAC 173-303-080 through 173-303-100, a person must either:
(i) Test the waste according to the methods, or an approved equivalent method, set forth in WAC 173-303-110; or
(ii) Apply knowledge of the waste in light of the materials or the process used, when:
(A) Such knowledge can be demonstrated to be sufficient for determining whether or not it designated and/or designated properly; and
(B) All data and records supporting this determination in accordance with WAC 173-303-210(3) are retained on-site.
(4) Testing required. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this chapter, the department may require any person to test a waste according to the methods, or an approved equivalent method, set forth in WAC 173-303-110 to determine whether or not the waste is designated under the dangerous waste lists, characteristics, or criteria, WAC 173-303-080 through 173-303-100. Such testing may be required if the department has reason to believe that the waste would be designated DW or EHW by the dangerous waste lists, characteristics, or criteria, or if the department has reason to believe that the waste is designated improperly (e.g., the waste has been designated DW but should actually be designated EHW). If a person, pursuant to the requirements of this subsection, determines that the waste is a dangerous waste or that its designation must be changed, then they are subject to the applicable requirements of this chapter 173-303 WAC. The department will base a requirement to test a waste on evidence that includes, but is not limited to:
(a) Test information indicating that the person's waste may be DW or EHW;
(b) Evidence that the person's waste is very similar to another persons' already designated DW or EHW;
(c) Evidence that the persons' waste has historically been a DW or EHW;
(d) Evidence or information about a person's manufacturing materials or processes which indicate that the wastes may be DW or EHW; or
(e) Evidence that the knowledge or test results a person has regarding a waste is not sufficient for determining whether or not it designated and/or designated properly.
(5) Additional designation required. A generator must
manage dangerous waste under the most stringent management
standards that apply. ((Subsections (5)(a) through (c) of this
section)) The following subsections describe how waste that has
been designated as DW under the dangerous waste lists, WAC 173-303-080 through 173-303-082, or characteristics, WAC 173-303-090, or in the case of (c) of this subsection, under the
lists, characteristics, or criteria, must ((also)) be further
designated under the dangerous waste criteria, WAC 173-303-100((,)). This further designation under the criteria is
necessary because ((designation under the criteria)) it may
change how the waste must be managed. Additional designation is
required when:
(a) The waste is designated as DW with a QEL of 220 pounds and the generator otherwise qualifies as a small quantity generator. In this case, a generator must determine if their DW is also designated as a toxic EHW, WAC 173-303-100, with a QEL of 2.2 pounds; or
(b) The waste is designated as DW and the waste is to be discharged to a POTW operating under WAC 173-303-802(4) (Permits by rule). In this case, a generator must determine if the waste is also an EHW under WAC 173-303-100; or
(c) The waste is designated as a state-only DW and the waste is to be:
(i) Burned for energy recovery, as used oil, under the provisions of WAC 173-303-515; or
(ii) Land disposed within the state. In this case, a generator must determine if the waste is also an EHW under WAC 173-303-100.
(6) Dangerous waste numbers. When a person is reporting or keeping records on a dangerous waste, they must use all the dangerous waste numbers which they know are assignable to the waste from the dangerous waste lists, characteristics, or criteria. For example, if the waste is ignitable and contains more than 5 mg/l leachable lead when tested for the toxicity characteristic, they must use the dangerous waste numbers of D001 and D008. This will not be construed as requiring a person to designate their waste beyond those designation requirements set forth in subsections (2), (3), (4), and (5) of this section.
(7) Quantity exclusion limits; aggregated waste quantities.
(a) Quantity exclusion limits. In each of the designation sections describing the lists, characteristics, and criteria, quantity exclusion limits (QEL) are identified. The QEL are used to distinguish when a dangerous waste is only subject to the small quantity generator provisions, and when a dangerous waste is subject to the full requirements of this chapter. Any solid waste which is not excluded or exempted and which is listed by or exhibits the characteristics or meets the criteria of this chapter is a dangerous waste. Small quantity generators who produce dangerous waste below the QEL are subject to the requirements described in subsection (8) of this section.
(b) Aggregated waste quantities. A person may be generating, accumulating, or storing more than one kind of dangerous waste. In such cases, they must consider the aggregate quantity of their wastes when determining whether or not their waste amounts exceed the specific limits for waste accumulation or the specific quantity exclusion limits (QEL) for waste generation. Waste quantities must be aggregated for all wastes with common QEL's. Example: If a person generates 100 pounds of an ignitable waste and 130 pounds of a persistent waste, then both wastes are regulated because their aggregate waste quantity (230 pounds) exceeds their common QEL of 220 pounds. On the other hand, if a person generates one pound of a toxic EHW and 218 pounds of a corrosive waste, their quantities would not be aggregated because they do not share a common QEL (2.2 pounds and 220 pounds, respective QEL's). (Note: In order to remain a small quantity generator, the total quantity of dangerous waste generated in one month, all DW and EHW regardless of their QELs, must not equal or exceed 220 pounds. Not more than 2.2 pounds of a waste with a 2.2 pound QEL may be part of that total.)
(c) When making the quantity determinations of this subsection and WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230, generators must include all dangerous wastes they generate, except dangerous waste that:
(i) Is exempt from regulation under WAC 173-303-071; or
(ii) Is recycled under WAC 173-303-120 (2)(a), (3)(c), (e), or (h); or
(iii) Is managed immediately upon generation only in on-site elementary neutralization units, wastewater treatment units, or totally enclosed treatment facilities as defined in WAC 173-303-040; or
(iv) Is recycled, without prior storage or accumulation, only in an on-site process subject to regulation under WAC 173-303-120 (4)(a); or
(v) Is spent lead-acid batteries managed under the requirements of WAC 173-303-120 (3)(f) and 173-303-520; or
(vi) Is universal waste managed under WAC 173-303-077 and 173-303-573.
(d) In determining the quantity of dangerous waste generated, a generator need not include:
(i) Dangerous waste when it is removed from on-site storage; or
(ii) Reserve; or
(iii) Spent materials that are generated, reclaimed, and subsequently reused on-site, as long as such spent materials have been counted once (Note: If after treatment or reclamation a residue is generated with a different waste code(s), that residue must be counted); or
(iv) The container holding/containing the dangerous waste as described under WAC 173-303-160(1).
(8) Small quantity generators.
(a) A person is a small quantity generator and subject to the requirements of this subsection if:
(i) Their waste is dangerous waste under subsection (3) of this section, and the quantity of waste generated per month (or the aggregated quantity if more than one kind of waste is generated) does not equal or exceed the quantity exclusion limit (QEL) for such waste (or wastes) as described in WAC 173-303-070(7); and
(ii) The quantity accumulated or stored does not exceed 2200 pounds for wastes with a 220 pound QEL and 2.2 pounds for waste with a 2.2 pound QEL. (Exception: The accumulation limit for the acute hazardous wastes described in WAC 173-303-081 (2)(iv) and 173-303-082 (2)(b) is 220 lbs); and
(iii) The total quantity of dangerous waste generated in one month, all DW and EHW regardless of their QELs, does not equal or exceed 220 pounds. If a person generates any dangerous wastes that exceed the QEL or accumulates or stores waste that exceeds the accumulation limits, then all dangerous waste generated, accumulated, or stored by that person is subject to the requirements of this chapter. A small quantity generator who generates in excess of the quantity exclusion limits or, accumulates, or stores waste in excess of the accumulation limits becomes subject to the full requirements of this chapter and cannot again be a small quantity generator until after all dangerous waste on-site at the time he or she became fully regulated have been removed, treated, or disposed.
Example. If a person generates four pounds of an acute hazardous waste discarded chemical product (QEL is 2.2 pounds) and 200 pounds of an ignitable waste (QEL is 220 pounds), then both wastes are fully regulated, and the person is not a small quantity generator for either waste.
(Comment: If a generator generates acute hazardous waste in a calendar month in quantities greater than the QELs, all quantities of that acute hazardous waste are subject to full regulation under this chapter. "Full regulation" means the regulations applicable to generators of greater than 2200 pounds of dangerous wastes in a calendar month.)
(b) Small quantity generators will not be subject to the requirements of this chapter if they:
(i) Designate their waste in accordance with WAC 173-303-070; and
(ii) Manage their waste in a way that does not pose a potential threat to human health or the environment; and
(iii) Either treat or dispose of their dangerous waste in an
on-site facility, or ensure delivery to an off-site facility,
either of which, if located in the ((U.S.)) United States, is:
(A) Permitted (including permit-by-rule, interim status, or final status) under WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840;
(B) Authorized to manage dangerous waste by another state with a hazardous waste program approved under 40 CFR Part 271, or by EPA under 40 CFR Part 270;
(C) Permitted to manage moderate-risk waste under chapter 173-304 WAC (Minimum functional standards for solid waste handling), operated in accordance with state and local regulations, and consistent with the applicable local hazardous waste plan that has been approved by the department;
(D) A facility that beneficially uses or reuses, or legitimately recycles or reclaims the dangerous waste, or that treats the waste prior to such recycling activities;
(E) Permitted, licensed, or registered to manage municipal
((or industrial)) solid waste ((in accordance with state or local
regulations, or in accordance with another state's solid waste
laws if the waste is sent out-of-state)) and, if managed in a
municipal solid waste landfill is subject to 40 CFR Part 258 or
chapter 173-351 WAC;
(F) Permitted, licensed, or registered by a state to manage nonmunicipal nonhazardous waste and, if managed in a nonmunicipal nonhazardous waste disposal unit after January 1, 1998, is subject to the requirements in 40 CFR 257.5 through 257.30;
(G) A publicly owned treatment works (POTW): Provided, That small quantity generator(s) comply with the provisions of the domestic sewage exclusion found in WAC 173-303-071 (3)(a); or
(((G))) (H) For universal waste managed under WAC 173-303-573, a universal waste handler or destination facility
subject to the requirements of WAC 173-303-573; and
(iv) Submit an annual report in accordance with WAC 173-303-220 if they have obtained an EPA/state identification number pursuant to WAC 173-303-060.
(c) If a small quantity generator's wastes are mixed with used oil, the mixture is subject to WAC 173-303-510 if it is destined to be burned for energy recovery. Any material produced from such a mixture by processing, blending, or other treatment is also regulated if it is destined to be burned for energy recovery.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-070, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-070, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-070, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 93-02-050 (Order 92-32), § 173-303-070, filed 1/5/93, effective 2/5/93. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-070, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-070, filed 1/4/89; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-070, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-070, filed 6/3/86; 84-14-031 (Order DE 84-22), § 173-303-070, filed 6/27/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-070, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Purpose. Certain categories of waste have been excluded from the requirements of chapter 173-303 WAC, except for WAC 173-303-050, because they generally are not dangerous waste, are regulated under other state and federal programs, or are recycled in ways which do not threaten public health or the environment. WAC 173-303-071 describes these excluded categories of waste.
(2) Excluding wastes. Any persons who generate a common class of wastes and who seek to categorically exclude such class of wastes from the requirements of this chapter must comply with the applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-072. No waste class will be excluded if any of the wastes in the class are regulated as hazardous waste under 40 CFR Part 261.
(3) Exclusions. The following categories of waste are excluded from the requirements of chapter 173-303 WAC, except for WAC 173-303-050, 173-303-145, and 173-303-960, and as otherwise specified:
(a)(i) Domestic sewage; and
(ii) Any mixture of domestic sewage and other wastes that passes through a sewer system to a publicly owned treatment works (POTW) for treatment provided:
(A) The generator or owner/operator has obtained a state waste discharge permit issued by the department, a temporary permit obtained pursuant to RCW 90.48.200, or pretreatment permit (or written discharge authorization) from a local sewage utility delegated pretreatment program responsibilities pursuant to RCW 90.48.165;
(B) The waste discharge is specifically authorized in a state waste discharge permit, pretreatment permit or written discharge authorization, or in the case of a temporary permit the waste is accurately described in the permit application;
(C) The waste discharge is not prohibited under 40 CFR Part 403.5; and
(D) The waste prior to mixing with domestic sewage must not exhibit dangerous waste characteristics for ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity as defined in WAC 173-303-090, and must not meet the dangerous waste criteria for toxic dangerous waste or persistent dangerous waste under WAC 173-303-100, unless the waste is treatable in the publicly owned treatment works (POTW) where it will be received. This exclusion does not apply to the generation, treatment, storage, recycling, or other management of dangerous wastes prior to discharge into the sanitary sewage system;
(b) Industrial wastewater discharges that are point-source discharges subject to regulation under Section 402 of the Clean Water Act. This exclusion does not apply to the collection, storage, or treatment of industrial waste-waters prior to discharge, nor to sludges that are generated during industrial wastewater treatment. Owners or operators of certain wastewater treatment facilities managing dangerous wastes may qualify for a permit-by-rule pursuant to WAC 173-303-802(5);
(c) Household wastes, including household waste that has been collected, transported, stored, or disposed. Wastes that are residues from or are generated by the management of household wastes (e.g., leachate, ash from burning of refuse-derived fuel) are not excluded by this provision. "Household wastes" means any waste material (including, but not limited to, garbage, trash, and sanitary wastes in septic tanks) derived from households (including single and multiple residences, hotels and motels, bunkhouses, ranger stations, crew quarters, campgrounds, picnic grounds, and day-use recreation areas). A resource recovery facility managing municipal solid waste will not be deemed to be treating, storing, disposing of, or otherwise managing dangerous wastes for the purposes of regulation under this chapter, if such facility:
(i) Receives and burns only:
(A) Household waste (from single and multiple dwellings, hotels, motels, and other residential sources); and
(B) Solid waste from commercial or industrial sources that does not contain dangerous waste; and
(ii) Such facility does not accept dangerous wastes and the owner or operator of such facility has established contractual requirements or other appropriate notification or inspection procedures to assure that dangerous wastes are not received at or burned in such facility;
(d) Agricultural crops and animal manures which are returned to the soil as fertilizers;
(e) Asphaltic materials designated only for the presence of PAHs by WAC 173-303-100(6). For the purposes of this exclusion, asphaltic materials means materials that have been used for structural and construction purposes (e.g., roads, dikes, paving) that were produced from mixtures of oil and sand, gravel, ash or similar substances;
(f) Roofing tars and shingles, except that these wastes are not excluded if mixed with wastes listed in WAC 173-303-081 or 173-303-082, or if they exhibit any of the characteristics specified in WAC 173-303-090;
(g) Treated wood waste and wood products including:
(i) Arsenical-treated wood that fails the test for the toxicity characteristic of WAC 173-303-090(8) (dangerous waste numbers D004 through D017 only), or which fails any state criteria, if the waste is generated by persons who utilize the arsenical-treated wood for the materials' intended end use.
(ii) Wood treated with other preservatives provided such treated wood is, within one hundred eighty days after becoming waste:
(A) Disposed of at a landfill that is permitted in accordance with WAC 173-304-460, minimum functional standards for solid waste handling, or chapter 173-351 WAC, criteria for municipal solid waste landfills, and provided that such wood is neither a listed waste under WAC 173-303-9903 and 173-303-9904 nor a TCLP waste under WAC 173-303-090(8); or
(B) Sent to a facility that will legitimately treat or recycle the treated wood waste, and manage any residue in accordance with that state's dangerous waste regulations; or
(C) Sent off-site to a permitted TSD facility or placed in an on-site facility which is permitted by the department under WAC 173-303-800 through WAC 173-303-845. In addition, creosote-treated wood is excluded when burned for energy recovery in an industrial furnace or boiler that has an order of approval issued pursuant to RCW 70.94.152 by ecology or a local air pollution control authority to burn creosote treated wood.
(h) Irrigation return flows;
(i) ((Materials subjected to in-situ mining techniques which
are not removed from the ground during extraction)) Reserve;
(j) Mining overburden returned to the mining site;
(k) Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) wastes:
(i) PCB wastes whose disposal is regulated by EPA under 40 CFR 761.60 (Toxic Substances Control Act) and that are dangerous either because:
(A) They fail the test for toxicity characteristic (WAC 173-303-090(8), Dangerous waste codes D018 through D043 only); or
(B) Because they are designated only by this chapter and not designated by 40 CFR Part 261, are exempt from regulation under this chapter except for WAC 173-303-505 through 173-303-525, 173-303-960, those sections specified in subsection (3) of this section, and 40 CFR Part 266;
(ii) Wastes that would be designated as dangerous waste under this chapter solely because they are listed as W001 under WAC 173-303-9904 when such wastes are stored and disposed in a manner equivalent to the requirements of 40 CFR Part 761 Subpart D for PCB concentrations of 50 ppm or greater.
(l) Samples:
(i) Except as provided in (l)(ii) of this subsection, a sample of solid waste or a sample of water, soil, or air, which is collected for the sole purpose of testing to determine its characteristics or composition, is not subject to any requirements of this chapter, when:
(A) The sample is being transported to a lab for testing or being transported to the sample collector after testing; or
(B) The sample is being stored by the sample collector before transport, by the laboratory before testing, or by the laboratory after testing prior to return to the sample collector; or
(C) The sample is being stored temporarily in the laboratory after testing for a specific purpose (for example, until conclusion of a court case or enforcement action).
(ii) In order to qualify for the exemptions in (l)(i) of this subsection, a sample collector shipping samples to a laboratory and a laboratory returning samples to a sample collector must:
(A) Comply with United States Department of Transportation (DOT), United States Postal Service (USPS), or any other applicable shipping requirements; or
(B) Comply with the following requirements if the sample collector determines that DOT or USPS, or other shipping requirements do not apply:
(I) Assure that the following information accompanies the sample:
(AA) The sample collector's name, mailing address, and telephone number;
(BB) The laboratory's name, mailing address, and telephone number;
(CC) The quantity of the sample;
(DD) The date of shipment;
(EE) A description of the sample; and
(II) Package the sample so that it does not leak, spill, or vaporize from its packaging.
(iii) This exemption does not apply if the laboratory determines that the waste is dangerous but the laboratory is no longer meeting any of the conditions stated in (l)(i) of this subsection;
(m) Reserve;
(n) Dangerous waste generated in a product or raw material storage tank, a product or raw material transport vehicle or vessel, a product or raw material pipeline, or in a manufacturing process unit or an associated nonwaste-treatment-manufacturing unit until it exits the unit in which it was generated. This exclusion does not apply to surface impoundments, nor does it apply if the dangerous waste remains in the unit more than ninety days after the unit ceases to be operated for manufacturing, or for storage or transportation of product or raw materials;
(o) Waste pickle liquor sludge generated by lime stabilization of spent pickle liquor from the iron and steel industry (SIC codes 331 and 332), except that these wastes are not excluded if they exhibit one or more of the dangerous waste criteria (WAC 173-303-100) or characteristics (WAC 173-303-090);
(p) Wastes from burning any of the materials exempted from
regulation by WAC 173-303-120 (2)(a)(((v),)) (vii)((,)) and
(viii)((, or (ix))). These wastes are not excluded if they
exhibit one or more of the dangerous waste characteristics or
criteria;
(q) As of January 1, 1987, secondary materials that are reclaimed and returned to the original process or processes in which they were generated where they are reused in the production process provided:
(i) Only tank storage is involved, and the entire process through completion of reclamation is closed by being entirely connected with pipes or other comparable enclosed means of conveyance;
(ii) Reclamation does not involve controlled flame combustion (such as occurs in boilers, industrial furnaces, or incinerators);
(iii) The secondary materials are never accumulated in such tanks for over twelve months without being reclaimed;
(iv) The reclaimed material is not used to produce a fuel, or used to produce products that are used in a manner constituting disposal; and
(v) A generator complies with the requirements of chapter 173-303 WAC for any residues (e.g., sludges, filters, etc.) produced from the collection, reclamation, and reuse of the secondary materials.
(r) Treatability study samples.
(i) Except as provided in (r)(ii) of this subsection, persons who generate or collect samples for the purpose of conducting treatability studies as defined in WAC 173-303-040 are not subject to the requirements of WAC 173-303-180, 173-303-190, and 173-303-200 (1)(a), nor are such samples included in the quantity determinations of WAC 173-303-070 (7) and (8) and 173-303-201 when:
(A) The sample is being collected and prepared for transportation by the generator or sample collector; or
(B) The sample is being accumulated or stored by the generator or sample collector prior to transportation to a laboratory or testing facility; or
(C) The sample is being transported to the laboratory or testing facility for the purpose of conducting a treatability study; or
(D) The sample or waste residue is being transported back to the original generator from the laboratory or testing facility.
(ii) The exemption in (r)(i) of this subsection is applicable to samples of dangerous waste being collected and shipped for the purpose of conducting treatability studies provided that:
(A) The generator or sample collector uses (in "treatability studies") no more than 10,000 kg of media contaminated with nonacute dangerous waste, 1000 kg of nonacute dangerous waste other than contaminated media, 1 kg of acutely hazardous waste, 2500 kg of media contaminated with acutely hazardous waste for each process being evaluated for each generated waste stream; and
(B) The mass of each sample shipment does not exceed 10,000 kg; the 10,000 kg quantity may be all media contaminated with nonacute dangerous waste or may include 2500 kg of media contaminated with acute hazardous waste, 1000 kg of dangerous waste, and 1 kg of acutely hazardous waste; and
(C) The sample must be packaged so that it will not leak, spill, or vaporize from its packaging during shipment and the requirements of (r)(ii)(C)(I) or (II) of this subsection are met.
(I) The transportation of each sample shipment complies with United States Department of Transportation (DOT), United States Postal Service (USPS), or any other applicable shipping requirements; or
(II) If the DOT, USPS, or other shipping requirements do not apply to the shipment of the sample, the following information must accompany the sample:
(AA) The name, mailing address, and telephone number of the originator of the sample;
(BB) The name, address, and telephone number of the laboratory or testing facility that will perform the treatability study;
(CC) The quantity of the sample;
(DD) The date of shipment; and
(EE) A description of the sample, including its dangerous waste number.
(D) The sample is shipped, within ninety days of being generated or of being taken from a stream of previously generated waste, to a laboratory or testing facility which is exempt under (s) of this subsection or has an appropriate final facility permit or interim status; and
(E) The generator or sample collector maintains the following records for a period ending three years after completion of the treatability study:
(I) Copies of the shipping documents;
(II) A copy of the contract with the facility conducting the treatability study;
(III) Documentation showing:
(AA) The amount of waste shipped under this exemption;
(BB) The name, address, and EPA/state identification number of the laboratory or testing facility that received the waste;
(CC) The date the shipment was made; and
(DD) Whether or not unused samples and residues were returned to the generator.
(F) The generator reports the information required under (r)(ii)(E)(III) of this subsection in its annual report.
(iii) The department may grant requests, on a case-by-case basis, for up to an additional two years for treatability studies involving bioremediation. The department may grant requests on a case-by-case basis for quantity limits in excess of those specified in (r)(ii)(A) and (B) of this subsection and (s)(iv) of this subsection, for up to an additional 5000 kg of media contaminated with nonacute dangerous waste, 500 kg of nonacute dangerous waste, 1 kg of acute hazardous waste, and 2500 kg of media contaminated with acute hazardous waste or for up to an additional 10,000 kg of wastes regulated only by this chapter and not regulated by 40 CFR Part 261, to conduct further treatability study evaluation:
(A) In response to requests for authorization to ship, store and conduct treatability studies on additional quantities in advance of commencing treatability studies. Factors to be considered in reviewing such requests include the nature of the technology, the type of process, (e.g., batch versus continuous), size of the unit undergoing testing (particularly in relation to scale-up considerations), the time/quantity of material required to reach steady state operating conditions, or test design considerations such as mass balance calculations.
(B) In response to requests for authorization to ship, store, and conduct treatability studies on additional quantities after initiation or completion of initial treatability studies, when:
There has been an equipment or mechanical failure during the conduct of a treatability study; there is a need to verify the results of previously conducted treatability study; there is a need to study and analyze alternative techniques within a previously evaluated treatment process; or there is a need to do further evaluation of an ongoing treatability study to determine final specifications for treatment.
(C) The additional quantities and time frames allowed in (r)(iii)(A) and (B) of this subsection are subject to all the provisions in (r)(i) and (r)(ii)(C) through (F) of this subsection. The generator or sample collector must apply to the department where the sample is collected and provide in writing the following information:
(I) The reason the generator or sample collector requires additional time or quantity of sample for the treatability study evaluation and the additional time or quantity needed;
(II) Documentation accounting for all samples of dangerous waste from the waste stream which have been sent for or undergone treatability studies including the date each previous sample from the waste stream was shipped, the quantity of each previous shipment, the laboratory or testing facility to which it was shipped, what treatability study processes were conducted on each sample shipped, and the available results of each treatability study;
(III) A description of the technical modifications or change in specifications which will be evaluated and the expected results;
(IV) If such further study is being required due to equipment or mechanical failure, the applicant must include information regarding the reason for the failure or breakdown and also include what procedures or equipment improvements have been made to protect against further breakdowns; and
(V) Such other information that the department considers necessary.
(s) Samples undergoing treatability studies at laboratories and testing facilities. Samples undergoing treatability studies and the laboratory or testing facility conducting such treatability studies (to the extent such facilities are not otherwise subject to chapter 70.105 RCW) are not subject to the requirements of this chapter, except WAC 173-303-050, 173-303-145, and 173-303-960 provided that the conditions of (s)(i) through (xiii) of this subsection are met. A mobile treatment unit (MTU) may qualify as a testing facility subject to (s)(i) through (xiii) of this subsection. Where a group of MTUs are located at the same site, the limitations specified in (s)(i) through (xiii) of this subsection apply to the entire group of MTUs collectively as if the group were one MTU.
(i) No less than forty-five days before conducting treatability studies the laboratory or testing facility notifies the department in writing that it intends to conduct treatability studies under this subsection.
(ii) The laboratory or testing facility conducting the treatability study has an EPA/state identification number.
(iii) No more than a total of 10,000 kg of "as received" media contaminated with nonacute dangerous waste, 2500 kg of media contaminated with acute hazardous waste or 250 kg of other "as received" dangerous waste is subject to initiation of treatment in all treatability studies in any single day. "As received" waste refers to the waste as received in the shipment from the generator or sample collector.
(iv) The quantity of "as received" dangerous waste stored at the facility for the purpose of evaluation in treatability studies does not exceed 10,000 kg, the total of which can include 10,000 kg of media contaminated with nonacute dangerous waste, 2500 kg of media contaminated with acute hazardous waste, 1000 kg of nonacute dangerous wastes other than contaminated media, and 1 kg of acutely hazardous waste. This quantity limitation does not include treatment materials (including nondangerous solid waste) added to "as received" dangerous waste.
(v) No more than ninety days have elapsed since the treatability study for the sample was completed, or no more than one year (two years for treatability studies involving bioremediation) has elapsed since the generator or sample collector shipped the sample to the laboratory or testing facility, whichever date first occurs. Up to 500 kg of treated material from a particular waste stream from treatability studies may be archived for future evaluation up to five years from the date of initial receipt. Quantities of materials archived are counted against the total storage limit for the facility.
(vi) The treatability study does not involve the placement of dangerous waste on the land or open burning of dangerous waste.
(vii) The laboratory or testing facility maintains records for three years following completion of each study that show compliance with the treatment rate limits and the storage time and quantity limits. The following specific information must be included for each treatability study conducted:
(A) The name, address, and EPA/state identification number of the generator or sample collector of each waste sample;
(B) The date the shipment was received;
(C) The quantity of waste accepted;
(D) The quantity of "as received" waste in storage each day;
(E) The date the treatment study was initiated and the amount of "as received" waste introduced to treatment each day;
(F) The date the treatability study was concluded;
(G) The date any unused sample or residues generated from the treatability study were returned to the generator or sample collector or, if sent to a designated TSD facility, the name of the TSD facility and its EPA/state identification number.
(viii) The laboratory or testing facility keeps, on-site, a copy of the treatability study contract and all shipping papers associated with the transport of treatability study samples to and from the facility for a period ending three years from the completion date of each treatability study.
(ix) The laboratory or testing facility prepares and submits a report to the department by March 15 of each year that estimates the number of studies and the amount of waste expected to be used in treatability studies during the current year, and includes the following information for the previous calendar year:
(A) The name, address, and EPA/state identification number of the laboratory or testing facility conducting the treatability studies;
(B) The types (by process) of treatability studies conducted;
(C) The names and addresses of persons for whom studies have been conducted (including their EPA/state identification numbers);
(D) The total quantity of waste in storage each day;
(E) The quantity and types of waste subjected to treatability studies;
(F) When each treatability study was conducted;
(G) The final disposition of residues and unused sample from each treatability study.
(x) The laboratory or testing facility determines whether any unused sample or residues generated by the treatability study are dangerous waste under WAC 173-303-070 and if so, are subject to the requirements of this chapter, unless the residues and unused samples are returned to the sample originator under the exemption in (r) of this subsection.
(xi) The laboratory or testing facility notifies the department by letter when it is no longer planning to conduct any treatability studies at the site.
(xii) The date the sample was received, or if the treatability study has been completed, the date of the treatability study, is marked and clearly visible for inspection on each container.
(xiii) While being held on site, each container and tank is labeled or marked clearly with the words "dangerous waste" or "hazardous waste." Each container or tank must also be marked with a label or sign which identifies the major risk(s) associated with the waste in the container or tank for employees, emergency response personnel and the public.
Note:
If there is already a system in use that performs this function in accordance with local, state, or federal regulations, then
such system will be adequate.
(t) Petroleum-contaminated media and debris that fail the
test for the toxicity characteristic of WAC 173-303-090(8)
(dangerous waste numbers D018 through D043 only) and are subject
to the corrective action regulations under 40 CFR Part 280.
(u) Special incinerator ash (as defined in WAC 173-303-040).
(v) Wood ash that would designate solely for corrosivity by WAC 173-303-090 (6)(a)(iii). For the purpose of this exclusion, wood ash means ash residue and emission control dust generated from the combustion of untreated wood, wood treated solely with creosote, and untreated wood fiber materials including, but not limited to, wood chips, saw dust, tree stumps, paper, cardboard, residuals from waste fiber recycling, deinking rejects, and associated wastewater treatment solids. This exclusion allows for the use of auxiliary fuels including, but not limited to, oils, gas, coal, and other fossil fuels in the combustion process.
(w)(i) Spent wood preserving solutions that have been reclaimed and are reused for their original intended purpose; and
(ii) Wastewaters from the wood preserving process that have been reclaimed and are reused to treat wood.
(iii) Prior to reuse, the wood preserving wastewaters and spent wood preserving solutions described in (w)(i) and (ii) of this subsection, so long as they meet all of the following conditions:
(A) The wood preserving wastewaters and spent wood preserving solutions are reused on-site at water borne plants in the production process for their original intended purpose;
(B) Prior to reuse, the wastewaters and spent wood preserving solutions are managed to prevent release to either land or ground water or both;
(C) Any unit used to manage wastewaters and/or spent wood preserving solutions prior to reuse can be visually or otherwise determined to prevent such releases;
(D) Any drip pad used to manage the wastewaters and/or spent wood preserving solutions prior to reuse complies with the standards in Part 265, Subpart W which is incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-400 (3)(a), regardless of whether the plant generates a total of less than 220 pounds/month of dangerous waste; and
(E) Prior to operating pursuant to this exclusion, the plant owner or operator submits to the department a one-time notification stating that the plant intends to claim the exclusion, giving the date on which the plant intends to begin operating under the exclusion, and containing the following language: "I have read the applicable regulation establishing an exclusion for wood preserving wastewaters and spent wood preserving solutions and understand it requires me to comply at all times with the conditions set out in the regulation." The plant must maintain a copy of that document in its on-site records for a period of no less than three years from the date specified in the notice. The exclusion applies only so long as the plant meets all of the conditions. If the plant goes out of compliance with any condition, it may apply to the department for reinstatement. The department may reinstate the exclusion upon finding that the plant has returned to compliance with all conditions and that violations are not likely to recur.
(F) Additional reports.
(I) Upon determination by the department that the storage of wood preserving wastewaters and spent wood preserving solutions in tanks and/or containers poses a threat to public health or the environment, the department may require the owner/operator to provide additional information regarding the integrity of structures and equipment used to store wood preserving wastewaters and spent wood preserving solutions. This authority applies to tanks and secondary containment systems used to store wood preserving wastewaters and spent wood preserving solutions in tanks and containers. The department's determination of a threat to public health or the environment may be based upon observations of factors that would contribute to spills or releases of wood preserving wastewaters and spent wood preserving solutions or the generation of hazardous by-products. Such observations may include, but are not limited to, leaks, severe corrosion, structural defects or deterioration (cracks, gaps, separation of joints), inability to completely inspect tanks or structures, or concerns about the age or design specification of tanks.
(II) When required by the department, a qualified, independent professional engineer registered to practice in Washington state must perform the assessment of the integrity of tanks or secondary containment systems.
(III) Requirement for facility repairs and improvements. If, upon evaluation of information obtained by the department under (w)(iii)(F)(I) of this subsection, it is determined that repairs or structural improvements are necessary in order to eliminate threats, the department may require the owner/operator to discontinue the use of the tank system or container storage unit and remove the wood preserving wastewaters and spent wood preserving solutions until such repairs or improvements are completed and approved by the department.
(x) Nonwastewater splash condenser dross residue from the treatment of K061 in high temperature metals recovery units, provided it is shipped in drums (if shipped) and not land disposed before recovery.
(y) Used oil filters that are recycled in accordance with WAC 173-303-120, as used oil and scrap metal.
(z) Used oil re-refining distillation bottoms that are used as feedstock to manufacture asphalt products.
(aa) Wastes that fail the test for the toxicity characteristic in WAC 173-303-090 because chromium is present or are listed in WAC 173-303-081 or 173-303-082 due to the presence of chromium. The waste must not designate for any other characteristic under WAC 173-303-090, for any of the criteria specified in WAC 173-303-100, and must not be listed in WAC 173-303-081 or 173-303-082 due to the presence of any constituent from WAC 173-303-9905 other than chromium. The waste generator must be able to demonstrate that:
(i) The chromium in the waste is exclusively (or nearly exclusively) trivalent chromium; and
(ii) The waste is generated from an industrial process that uses trivalent chromium exclusively (or nearly exclusively) and the process does not generate hexavalent chromium; and
(iii) The waste is typically and frequently managed in nonoxidizing environments.
(bb)(i) Nonwastewater residues, such as slag, resulting from high temperature metals recovery (HTMR) processing of K061, K062 or F006 waste, in units identified as rotary kilns, flame reactors, electric furnaces, plasma arc furnaces, slag reactors, rotary hearth furnace/electric furnace combinations or industrial furnaces (as defined in WAC 173-303-040 - blast furnaces, smelting, melting and refining furnaces, and other devices the department may add to the list - of the definition for "industrial furnace"), that are disposed in subtitle D units, provided that these residues meet the generic exclusion levels identified in the tables in this paragraph for all constituents, and exhibit no characteristics of dangerous waste. Testing requirements must be incorporated in a facility's waste analysis plan or a generator's self-implementing waste analysis plan; at a minimum, composite samples of residues must be collected and analyzed quarterly and/or when the process or operation generating the waste changes. Persons claiming this exclusion in an enforcement action will have the burden of proving by clear and convincing evidence that the material meets all of the exclusion requirements.
| Constituent | Maximum for any single | ||
| composite sample-TCLP (mg/l) |
|||
| Generic exclusion levels for K061 | |||
| and K062 nonwastewater HTMR residues |
|||
| Antimony | 0.10 | ||
| Arsenic | 0.50 | ||
| Barium | 7.6 | ||
| Beryllium | 0.010 | ||
| Cadmium | 0.050 | ||
| Chromium (total) | 0.33 | ||
| (2)Lead | 0.15 | ||
| Mercury | 0.009 | ||
| Nickel | 1.0 | ||
| Selenium | 0.16 | ||
| Silver | 0.30 | ||
| Thallium | 0.020 | ||
| Zinc | 70 | ||
Generic exclusion levels for |
|||
| F006 nonwastewater HTMR residues |
|||
| Antimony | 0.10 | ||
| Arsenic | 0.50 | ||
| Barium | 7.6 | ||
| Beryllium | 0.010 | ||
| Cadmium | 0.050 | ||
| Chromium (total) | 0.33 | ||
| Cyanide (total) (mg/kg) | 1.8 | ||
| Lead | 0.15 | ||
| Mercury | 0.009 | ||
| Nickel | 1.0 | ||
| Selenium | 0.16 | ||
| Silver | 0.30 | ||
| Thallium | 0.020 | ||
| Zinc | 70 | ||
(cc) ((Recovered oil from petroleum refining, exploration
and production, and from transportation incident thereto, which
is to be inserted into the petroleum refining process (SIC Code
2911) at or before a point (other than direct insertion into a
coker) where contaminants are removed. This exclusion applies to
recovered oil stored or transported prior to insertion, except
that the oil must not be stored in a manner involving placement
on the land, and must not be accumulated speculatively, before
being so recycled. Recovered oil is oil that has been reclaimed
from secondary materials (such as wastewater) generated from
normal petroleum refining, exploration and production, and
transportation practices. Recovered oil includes oil that is
recovered from refinery wastewater collection and treatment
systems, oil recovered from oil and gas drilling operations, and
oil recovered from wastes removed from crude oil storage tanks.
Recovered oil does not include (among other things) oil-bearing
dangerous waste listed in WAC 173-303-9904 (e.g., K048-K052,
F037, F038). However, oil recovered from such wastes may be
considered recovered oil. Recovered oil also does not include
used oil as defined in WAC 173-303-040.)) (i) Oil-bearing
hazardous secondary materials (that is, sludges, by-products, or
spent materials) that are generated at a petroleum refinery (SIC
code 2911) and are inserted into the petroleum refining process
(SIC code 2911 - including, but not limited to, distillation,
catalytic cracking, fractionation, or thermal cracking units
(that is, cokers)) unless the material is placed on the land, or
speculatively accumulated before being so recycled. Materials
inserted into thermal cracking units are excluded under this
paragraph: Provided, That the coke product also does not exhibit
a characteristic of hazardous waste. Oil-bearing hazardous
secondary materials may be inserted into the same petroleum
refinery where they are generated, or sent directly to another
petroleum refinery, and still be excluded under this provision.
Except as provided in (cc)(ii) of this subsection, oil-bearing
hazardous secondary materials generated elsewhere in the
petroleum industry (that is, from sources other than petroleum
refineries) are not excluded under this section. Residuals
generated from processing or recycling materials excluded under
this paragraph, where such materials as generated would have
otherwise met a listing under WAC 173-303-081 and 173-303-082,
are designated as F037 listed wastes when disposed of or intended
for disposal.
(ii) Recovered oil that is recycled in the same manner and with the same conditions as described in (cc)(i) of this subsection. Recovered oil is oil that has been reclaimed from secondary materials (including wastewater) generated from normal petroleum industry practices, including refining, exploration and production, bulk storage, and transportation incident thereto (SIC codes 1311, 1321, 1381, 1382, 1389, 2911, 4612, 4613, 4922, 4923, 4789, 5171, and 5172). Recovered oil does not include oil-bearing hazardous wastes listed in WAC 173-303-081 and 173-303-082; however, oil recovered from such wastes may be considered recovered oil. Recovered oil does not include used oil as defined in WAC 173-303-040.
(dd) Dangerous waste Nos. K060, K087, K141, K142, K143, K144, K145, K147, and K148, and any wastes from the coke by-products processes that are dangerous only because they exhibit the Toxicity Characteristic (TC) specified in WAC 173-303-090(8) when, subsequent to generation, these materials are recycled to coke ovens, to the tar recovery process as a feedstock to produce coal tar, or mixed with coal tar prior to the tar's sale or refining. This exclusion is conditioned on there being no land disposal of the wastes from the point they are generated to the point they are recycled to coke ovens or tar recovery or refining processes, or mixed with coal tar.
(ee) Biological treatment sludge from the treatment of one of the following wastes listed in WAC 173-303-9904 - organic waste (including heavy ends, still bottoms, light ends, spent solvents, filtrates, and decantates) from the production of carbamates and carbamoyl oximes (Dangerous Waste No. K156), and wastewaters from the production of carbamates and carbamoyl oximes (Dangerous Waste No. K157) unless it exhibits one or more of the characteristics or criteria of dangerous waste.
(ff) Excluded scrap metal (processed scrap metal, unprocessed home scrap metal, and unprocessed prompt scrap metal) being recycled.
(gg) Shredded circuit boards being recycled: Provided, That they are:
(i) Stored in containers sufficient to prevent a release to the environment prior to recovery; and
(ii) Free of mercury switches, mercury relays and nickel-cadmium batteries and lithium batteries.
(hh) Petrochemical recovered oil from an associated organic chemical manufacturing facility, where the oil is to be inserted into the petroleum refining process (SIC code 2911) along with normal petroleum refinery process streams, provided:
(i) The oil is hazardous only because it exhibits the characteristic of ignitability (as defined in WAC 173-303-090(5) and/or toxicity for benzene (WAC 173-303-090(8), waste code D018); and
(ii) The oil generated by the organic chemical manufacturing facility is not placed on the land, or speculatively accumulated before being recycled into the petroleum refining process.
An "associated organic chemical manufacturing facility" is a facility where the primary SIC code is 2869, but where operations may also include SIC codes 2821, 2822, and 2865; and is physically colocated with a petroleum refinery; and where the petroleum refinery to which the oil being recycled is returned also provides hydrocarbon feedstocks to the organic chemical manufacturing facility. "Petrochemical recovered oil" is oil that has been reclaimed from secondary materials (that is, sludges, by-products, or spent materials, including wastewater) from normal organic chemical manufacturing operations, as well as oil recovered from organic chemical manufacturing processes.
(ii) Spent caustic solutions from petroleum refining liquid treating processes used as a feedstock to produce cresylic or naphthenic acid unless the material is placed on the land, or accumulated speculatively as defined in WAC 173-303-016(5).
(jj) Catalyst inert support media separated from one of the following wastes listed in WAC 173-303-9904 Specific Sources - Spent hydrotreating catalyst (EPA Hazardous Waste No. K171), and Spent hydrorefining catalyst (EPA Hazardous Waste No. K172). These wastes are not excluded if they exhibit one or more of the dangerous waste characteristics or criteria.
(kk) Leachate or gas condensate collected from landfills where certain solid wastes have been disposed: Provided, That:
(i) The solid wastes disposed would meet one or more of the listing descriptions for Hazardous Waste Codes K169, K170, K171, and K172 if these wastes had been generated after the effective date of the listing (February 8, 1999);
(ii) The solid wastes described in (kk)(i) of this subsection were disposed prior to the effective date of the listing;
(iii) The leachate or gas condensate does not exhibit any characteristic or criteria of dangerous waste nor is derived from any other listed hazardous waste;
(iv) Discharge of the leachate or gas condensate, including leachate or gas condensate transferred from the landfill to a POTW by truck, rail, or dedicated pipe, is subject to regulation under sections 307(b) or 402 of the Clean Water Act.
(v) After February 13, 2001, leachate or gas condensate will no longer be exempt if it is stored or managed in a surface impoundment prior to discharge. There is one exception: If the surface impoundment is used to temporarily store leachate or gas condensate in response to an emergency situation (for example, shutdown of wastewater treatment system): Provided, That the impoundment has a double liner, and: Provided further, That the leachate or gas condensate is removed from the impoundment and continues to be managed in compliance with the conditions of this paragraph after the emergency ends.
(ll) Dredged material. Dredged material as defined in 40 CFR 232.2 that is subject to:
(i) The requirements of a permit that has been issued by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers or an approved state under section 404 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1344);
(ii) The requirements of a permit that has been issued by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers under section 103 of the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1413); or
(iii) In the case of a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers civil works project, the administrative equivalent of the permits referred to in (ll)(i) and (ii) of this subsection, as provided for in U.S. Army Corps of Engineers regulations, including, for example, 33 CFR 336.1, 336.2 and 337.3.
(mm) Condensates derived from the overhead gases from kraft mill steam strippers that are used to comply with 40 CFR 63.446(e). The exemption applies only to combustion at the mill generating the condensates.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018, (Order 97-03), § 173-303-071, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-071, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-12-018 (Order 93-34), § 173-303-071, filed 5/23/94, effective 6/23/94; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-071, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-071, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-071, filed 1/4/89; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-071, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-071, filed 6/3/86; 85-09-042 (Order DE-85-02), § 173-303-071, filed 4/15/85; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-071, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: RCW 70.95.260 and chapter 70.105 RCW. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-071, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Purpose. Special wastes pose a relatively low hazard to human health and the environment. The department believes that special wastes can be safely managed with a level of protection that is intermediate between dangerous and nondangerous solid wastes. This section establishes a conditional exclusion for the management of special wastes.
(2) Exclusion. Special wastes are excluded from the requirements of chapter 173-303 WAC, except for WAC 173-303-050; 173-303-060; 173-303-140 (4)(c); 173-303-145; 173-303-960; and 173-303-510 excluding subsections (4)(a), (4)(b)(iii), (5), (6)(c), and (6)(d). In addition, special waste must be treated as dangerous waste for purposes of pollution prevention planning as required in chapters 173-307 and 173-305 WAC. Special wastes will not be considered as dangerous waste, provided they are managed in accordance with the standards in this subsection and provided they are disposed, legitimately recycled, or treated on-site consistent with the requirements of WAC 173-303-170 (3)(c).
(a) Generators may not accumulate special waste on-site for more than one hundred eighty days from the date the quantity of waste exceeds two thousand two hundred pounds. The generator must keep a written record showing the dates when accumulation of the wastes began;
(b) During accumulation, special waste must be stored in a manner to prevent releases to the environment. This includes, but is not limited to, storing wastes in compatible containers, on impermeable surfaces, or in secondary containment structures, etc.;
(c) Facilities that receive special waste for recycling must meet the requirements of (b) of this subsection and store special wastes for no more than one hundred eighty days.
(d) All workers handling special wastes must be informed of the waste's potential hazard, either through worker training, health and safety plans, or notification of workers on a case-by-case basis;
(e) Special wastes must be transported directly from their site of generation to any off-site recycling, treatment, or disposal destination. The wastes must not pass through any intermediate solid waste processing facility, such as a transfer station, unless:
(i) The transfer station operator has made specific provisions for managing special waste by physical segregation, packing, or other means to ensure that workers and the public are not exposed to the waste stream at the transfer station;
(ii) The provisions are reflected in the facilities operating plans;
(iii) The plans have been approved by the transfer station's solid waste permitting authority; and
(iv) The transfer station operator has informed workers of the wastes' potential hazard according to (d) of this subsection;
(f) A document must accompany special waste during transit which identifies the type and amount of special waste, its place of origin, the identity of the generator, and the facility to which it is directed. An example form is provided in WAC 173-303-9906. The generator and the receiving facility must maintain a record of the facilities receipt of the special waste for at least five years;
(g) Disposal of special waste must be in landfill units which:
(i) Are permitted in accordance with chapter 173-351 WAC, provided that an engineered liner is used to meet the requirements of arid landfill design requirements, WAC 173-351-300 (2)(b), or are permitted under WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840 or if out-of-state under 40 CFR Part 258 or Part 270; and
(ii) Are not currently undergoing corrective action under WAC 173-351-440(6), 40 CFR 258.56, or a similar requirement in state regulations approved by the United States EPA pursuant to 42 USC 6945 (c)(1)(B).
(3) Reserve.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-073, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-073, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95.]
The wastes listed in this section are exempt from regulation under WAC 173-303-140, 173-303-170 through 173-303-9907 (except for WAC 173-303-960), and except as specified in WAC 173-303-573, and therefore are not fully regulated as dangerous waste. The wastes listed in this section are subject to regulation under WAC 173-303-573:
(1) Batteries as described in WAC 173-303-573(2); ((and))
(2) Thermostats as described in WAC 173-303-573(3); and
(3) Lamps as described in WAC 173-303-573(5).
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-077, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98.]
(1) Purpose. The purpose of this section is to describe methods for determining if a solid waste is a dangerous waste by the criteria set forth in this section. The dangerous waste criteria consist of:
(a) Toxic dangerous wastes; and
(b) Persistent dangerous wastes.
(2) References. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's (NIOSH) Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS), Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 is adopted by reference.
(3) A person must use data which is available to him, and, when such data is inadequate for the purposes of this section, must refer to the NIOSH RTECS to determine:
(a) Toxicity data or toxic category for each known constituent in the waste;
(b) Whether or not each known constituent of the waste is a halogenated organic compound or a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon as defined in WAC 173-303-040.
(4) Quantity exclusion limit. A solid waste is a dangerous waste if it meets one or more of the dangerous waste criteria described in subsections (5) and (6) of this section. If a person's solid waste meets one or more of these criteria then he or she is a dangerous waste generator (and may not be considered a small quantity generator as provided in WAC 173-303-070(8)) if the quantity of the waste exceeds the following quantity exclusion limits:
(a) For toxic dangerous wastes designated as EHW (WT01), the quantity exclusion limit is 2.2 lbs. per month.
(b) For all other wastes designating under this section the quantity exclusion limit is 220 lbs. (100 kg) per month or per batch.
(5) Toxicity criteria. Except as provided in WAC 173-303-070 (4) or (5), a person must determine if a solid waste meets the toxicity criteria under this section by following either the instructions for book designation, when his knowledge of the waste is sufficient, or by testing the waste using the biological testing methods adopted under WAC 173-303-110(3).
(a) Except as provided in WAC 173-303-070(4), if a person knows only some of the toxic constituents in the waste or only some of the constituent concentrations, and if the waste is undesignated for those known constituents or concentrations, then the waste is not designated for toxicity under this subsection.
(b) Book designation procedure. A person may determine if a waste meets the toxicity criteria by following the book designation instructions as follows:
(i) A person must determine the toxic category for each
known constituent. The toxic category for each constituent may
be determined from available data, or by obtaining data from the
NIOSH RTECS and checking this data against the toxic category
table, below. If data is available for more than one of the
toxicity criteria (fish, oral, inhalation, or dermal), then the
data indicating severest toxicity must be used, and the most
acutely toxic category must be assigned to the constituent. If
the NIOSH RTECS or other data sources do not agree on the same
category, then the category arrived at using the NIOSH RTECS will
be used to determine the toxic category. If toxicity data for a
constituent cannot be found in the NIOSH RTECS, or other source
reasonably available to a person, then the toxic category need
not be determined for that constituent.
TOXIC CATEGORY TABLE
Toxic Category |
Fish LC50(mg/L)* |
Oral (Rat) LD50(mg/kg) |
Inhalation (Rat) LC50(mg/L) |
Dermal (Rabbit) LD50(mg/kg) |
|||||
X |
<0.01 |
<.5 |
<.02 |
< 2 |
|||||
| A | 0.01 - <0.1 | .5 - <5 | .02 - <.2 | 2 - <20 | |||||
| B | 0.1 - <1 | 5 - <50 | .2 - <2 | 20 - <200 | |||||
| C | 1 - <10 | 50 - <500 | 2 - <20 | 200 - <2000 | |||||
| D |
10 - 100 |
500 - 5000 |
20 - 200 |
2000 - 20,000 |
|||||
| * | The LC50 data must be from an exposure period greater than or equal to twenty-four hours. LC50 data from any species is acceptable, however, if salmonid LC50 data is available it will supersede all other fish data. If salmonid data is unavailable but fathead minnow data is available, it will supersede all other fish species data. | ||||||||
| Note: | "Inhalation LC50" means a concentration in milligrams of substance per liter of air which, when administered to the respiratory tract for four hours or less, kills within fourteen days half of a group of ten rats each weighing between 200 and 300 grams. | ||||||||
| Equivalent | ∑X% | + | ∑A% | + | ∑B% | + | ∑C% | + | ∑D% |
| Concentration (%)= | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1000 | 10,000 |
Example 1. A person's waste contains: Aldrin (A Category) - .01%; Endrin (A Category) - 1%; Benzene (D Category) - 4%;
Phenol (C Category) - 2%; Dinoseb (B Category) - 5%; Water
(nontoxic) - 87%. The equivalent concentration (E.C.) would be:
| E.C. (%) | = | 0% | + | (0.01%+ 1.0%) | + | 5.0% | + | 2.0% | + | 4.0% |
| 1 | 10 | 100 | 1000 | 10,000 | ||||||
| = | 0%+ 0.101%+ 0.05%+ 0.002%+ 0.0004%= 0.1534% | |||||||||
(iii) A person whose waste contains toxic constituents must
determine its designation according to the value of the
equivalent concentration:
(A) If the equivalent concentration is less than 0.001%, the waste is not a toxic dangerous waste; or
(B) If the equivalent concentration is equal to or greater than 0.001% and less than 1.0%, the person will designate the waste as DW and assign the dangerous waste number WT02; and
(C) If the equivalent concentration is equal to or less than 0.01%, the DW may also be a special waste; or
(D) If the equivalent concentration is equal to or greater than 1.0%, the person will designate the waste as EHW and assign the dangerous waste number WT01.
Example 1. Continued. The equivalent concentration of
0.1534% (from Example 1. above) is greater than 0.001% and less
than 1.0%. The waste is DW and the dangerous waste number WT02
must be assigned. Since 0.1534% is also greater than 0.01%, the
waste is not a special waste.
(iv) Reserve.
(c) Designation from bioassay data. A person may determine if a waste meets the toxicity criteria by following the bioassay designation instructions of either:
(i) The DW bioassay. To determine if a waste is DW, a person must establish the toxicity category range (D category toxicity or greater toxicity) of a waste by means of the 100 mg/L acute static fish test or the 5000 mg/kg oral rat test, as described in the biological testing methods (bioassay) adopted in WAC 173-303-110(3). If data from the test indicates that the waste is DW, then the person will assign the dangerous waste number WT02. Otherwise, the waste is not regulated as toxic dangerous waste. No further testing must be done except as provided in WAC 173-303-070 (4) and (5), or if the person chooses to determine whether the waste is EHW, or in the case of state-only solid dangerous waste, if the person chooses to determine whether the waste is special waste; or
(ii) The EHW and special waste bioassay. To determine if a
waste is EHW, a person must establish the toxicity category range
of a waste by means of the fish bioassay at 10 mg/L or the rat
bioassay at 50 mg/((L)) Kg, as described in the biological
testing methods (bioassay) adopted in WAC 173-303-110(3). (NOTE:
A fish bioassay at 1 mg/L corresponds with the definition of EHW,
which includes toxic categories X-B. However, the fish bioassay
is not reproducible at these low levels.) If data from the test
indicates that the waste is EHW, then the person will assign the
dangerous waste number WT01. Otherwise, the waste will be
designated DW, and the person will assign the dangerous waste
number WT02. A person with state-only solid waste may choose to
test a waste to determine if it is special waste. Testing levels
for special waste must be at 10 mg/L for the fish bioassay or 500
mg/((L)) Kg for the oral rat bioassay. No further testing must
be done except as provided in WAC 173-303-070 (4) and (5), or if
the person chooses to test the waste in accordance with WAC 173-303-100 (5)(c)(i) to determine if the waste is not regulated
as toxic dangerous waste.
(d) If the designation acquired from book designation and bioassay data do not agree, then bioassay data will be used to designate a waste. If a waste is designated as DW or EHW following the book designation procedure, a person may test the waste by means of the biological testing methods (bioassay) adopted under WAC 173-303-110(3), using either the static acute fish or the acute oral rat method, to demonstrate that the waste is not a dangerous waste or should be designated as DW and not EHW.
(e) A waste designated as DW by toxicity criteria must be assigned the dangerous waste number of WT02. A waste designated as EHW by toxicity criteria must be assigned the dangerous waste number of WT01.
(6) Persistence criteria. For the purposes of this section, persistent constituents are chemical compounds which are either halogenated organic compounds (HOC), or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), as defined under WAC 173-303-040. Except as provided in WAC 173-303-070 (4) or (5), a person may determine the identity and concentration of persistent constituents by either applying knowledge of the waste or by testing the waste according to WAC 173-303-110 (3)(c) Chemical Testing Methods for Designating Dangerous Waste, February 1998.
(a) Except as provided in WAC 173-303-070(4), if a person knows only some of the persistent constituents in the waste, or only some of the constituent concentrations, and if the waste is undesignated for those known constituents or concentrations, then the waste is not designated for persistence under this subsection.
(b) When a waste contains one or more halogenated organic compounds (HOC) for which the concentrations are known, the total halogenated organic compound concentration must be determined by summing the concentration percentages for all of the halogenated organic compounds for which the concentration is known.
Example 2. A waste contains: Carbon tetrachloride - .009%; DDT - .012%; 1,1,1 - trichloroethylene - .020%. The total halogenated organic compound concentration would be:
Total HOC Concentration (%)= .009%+ .012%+ .020%= .041%
(c) A person whose waste contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as defined in WAC 173-303-040, must determine the total PAH concentration by summing the concentration percentages of each of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for which they know the concentration.
Example 3. A person's waste contains: Chrysene - .08%; 3,4 - benzo(a)pyrene - 1.22%. The total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentration would be:
Total PAH Concentration (%)= .08%+ 1.22%= 1.30%
(d) A person whose waste contains halogenated organic
compounds and/or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons must determine
its designation from the persistent dangerous waste table or
persistent dangerous waste criteria graph WAC 173-303-9907.
PERSISTENT DANGEROUS WASTE TABLE
If your waste contains. . . |
At a total concentration level of. . . |
Then your waste's designation, and waste # are. . . |
|
Halogenated Organic Compounds (HOC) |
0.01% to 1.0% greater than 1.0% |
DW, WP02 EHW, WP01 |
|
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) |
greater than 1.0% |
EHW*, WP03 |
|
*No DW concentration level for PAH. |
|||
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-100, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-100, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-100, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-100, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-100, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Purpose. This section sets forth the testing methods to be used to comply with the requirements of this chapter. Quality control procedures specified by the testing method or an approved equivalent method must be followed for the analytical result to be considered valid for designation. All methods and publications listed in this section are incorporated by reference.
(2) Representative samples.
(a) The methods and equipment used for obtaining representative samples of a waste will vary with the type and form of the waste. The department will consider samples collected using the sampling methods below or the most recent version of such methods for wastes with properties similar to the indicated materials, to be representative samples of the wastes:
(i) Crushed or powdered material - ASTM Standard D346-75;
(ii) Extremely viscous liquid - ASTM Standard D140-70;
(iii) Fly ash-like material - ASTM Standard D2234-86;
(iv) Soil-like material - ASTM Standard D1452-80 (Reapproved 1990);
(v) Soil or rock-like material - ASTM Standard D420-93;
(vi) Containerized liquid wastes - "COLIWASA" described in SW-846, as incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-110 (3)(a), or the equivalent representative sampling method AC & D Liquid Sampler, as demonstrated pursuant to WAC 173-303-910(2); and,
(vii) Liquid waste in pits, ponds, lagoons, and similar reservoirs - "Pond Sampler" described in SW-846, as incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-110 (3)(a).
(b) Copies of these representative sampling methods are available from the department except for the ASTM standards and the AC & D Liquid Sampler Method which can be obtained by writing to:
ASTM
1916 Race Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103.
AC & D Liquid Sampler Method
AC & D Liquid Samplers
77 Symons Street
Richland, WA 99352
(3) Test procedures. Copies of the test procedures listed
in this subsection can be obtained by writing to the appropriate
address below:
For copies of Department of Ecology test methods:
Attn: Test Procedures
Hazardous Waste Section
Department of Ecology
PO Box 47600
Olympia, Washington 98504-7600
For copies of SW 846, including updates, and 40 CFR Part
261:
Superintendent of Documents
U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402
(202) 512-1800
For copies of ASTM methods:
ASTM
1916 Race Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103
For copies of APTI methods:
APTI
National Technical Information Service
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
The document titles and included test procedures are as follows:
(a) Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste,
Physical/Chemical Methods, EPA Publication, SW-846 (Third Edition
(November 1986) as amended by Updates I (dated July 1992), II
(dated September 1994), IIA (dated August 1993), IIB (dated
January 1995), ((and)) III (dated December 1996), and IIIA (dated
April 1998)). The Third Edition of SW-846 and its Updates
(document number 955-001-00000-1) are available from the
Superintendent of Documents. Update IIIA is available through
EPA's Methods Information Communication Exchange (MICE) Service.
MICE can be contacted by phone at (703) 821-4690. Update IIIA
can also be obtained by contacting the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste (5307W), OSW Methods
Team, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, D.C. 20460. Copies of the
Third Edition and all of its updates are also available from the
National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal
Road, Springfield, VA 22161, (703) 605-6000 or (800) 553-6847;
(b) Biological Testing Methods, Department of Ecology Publication #80-12, the latest revision, describing procedures for:
(i) Static acute fish toxicity test; and
(ii) Acute oral rat toxicity test;
(c) Chemical Testing Methods for Designating Dangerous Waste, Department of Ecology Publication #97-407, February 1998 describing methods for testing:
(i) Ignitability;
(ii) Corrosivity;
(iii) Reactivity;
(iv) Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure;
(v) Halogenated organic compounds; and
(vi) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
(d) Reserve;
(e)(i) The determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Transformer Fluids and Waste Oils, EPA-600/4-81-045; and
(ii) Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Mineral Insulating Oils by Gas Chromatography, ASTM Standard D 4059-86.
(f) 40 CFR Part 261 Appendix III Chemical Analysis Test Methods, which refers to appropriate analytical procedures to determine whether a sample contains a given toxic constituent in Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods, EPA Publication SW-846, and 40 CFR Part 261 Appendix II, which refers to Method 1311 Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure.
(g) The following publications for air emission standards.
(i) ASTM Standard Method for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas Chromatography, ASTM Standard D 1946-82.
(ii) ASTM Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (High-Precision Method), ASTM Standard D 2382-83.
(iii) ASTM Standard Practices for General Techniques of Ultraviolet-Visible Quantitative Analysis, ASTM Standard E 169-87.
(iv) ASTM Standard Practices for General Techniques of Infrared Quantitative Analysis, ASTM Standard E 168-88.
(v) ASTM Standard Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography, ASTM Standard E 260-85.
(vi) ASTM Standard Test Method for Aromatics in Light Naphthas and Aviation Gasolines by Gas Chromatography, ASTM Standard D 2267-88.
(vii) ASTM Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure-Temperature Relationship and Initial Decomposition Temperature of Liquids by Isoteriscope, ASTM Standard D 2879-86.
(viii) APTI Course 415: Control of Gaseous Emissions, EPA Publication EPA-450/2-81-005, December 1981.
(ix) "API Publication 2517, Third Edition," February 1989, "Evaporative Loss from External Floating-Roof Tanks," available from the American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, Northwest, Washington, D.C. 20005.
(x) "ASTM Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure--Temperature Relationship and Initial Decomposition Temperature of Liquids by Isoteniscope," ASTM Standard D 2879-92, available from American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.
(h) The following publications:
(i) "Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code" (1977 or 1981), available from the National Fire Protection Association, 470 Atlantic Avenue, Boston, MA 02210.
(ii) U.S. EPA, "Screening Procedures for Estimating the Air Quality Impact of Stationary Sources, Revised," October 1992, EPA Publication No. EPA-450/R-92-019, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC.
(iii) "ASTM Standard Test Methods for Preparing Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) Samples for Analyses of Metals," ASTM Standard E926-88, Test Method C-Bomb, Acid Digestion Method, available from American Society for Testing Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.
(iv) Method 1664, Revision A, n-Hexane Extractable Material (HEM; Oil and Grease) and Silica Gel Treated n-Hexane Extractable Material (SGT-HEM; Nonpolar Material) by Extraction and Gravimetry. Available from NTIS, PB99-121949, U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161.
(v) ASTM Standard Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Setaflash Closed Tester, ASTM Standard D-3278-78, available from American Society for Testing and Materials.
(vi) ASTM Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Tester, ASTM Standard D-93-79 or D-93-80.
(vii) API Publication 2517, Third Edition, February 1989, "Evaporative Loss from External Floating-Roof Tanks," available from the American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, Northwest, Washington, D.C. 20005.
(4) Substantial changes to the testing methods described above will be made only after the department has provided adequate opportunity for public review and comment on the proposed changes. The department may, at its discretion, schedule a public hearing on the proposed changes.
(5) Equivalent testing methods. Any person may request the department to approve an equivalent testing method by submitting a petition, prepared in accordance with WAC 173-303-910(2), to the department.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-110, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-110, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-110, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-110, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-110, filed 1/4/89; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-110, filed 6/3/86; 84-14-031 (Order DE 84-22), § 173-303-110, filed 6/27/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-110, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) This section describes the requirements for persons who recycle materials that are solid wastes and dangerous. Except as provided in subsections (2) and (3) of this section, dangerous wastes that are recycled are subject to the requirements for generators, transporters, and storage facilities of subsection (4) of this section. Dangerous wastes that are recycled will be known as "recyclable materials."
(2)(a) The following recyclable materials are solid wastes and sometimes are dangerous wastes. However, they are subject only to the requirements of (b) of this subsection, WAC 173-303-050, 173-303-145 and 173-303-960:
(i) Industrial ethyl alcohol that is reclaimed;
(ii) Reserve;
(iii) ((Used oil that exhibits one or more of the
characteristics or criteria of dangerous waste and is recycled in
some manner other than:
(A) Being burned for energy recovery; or
(B) Being used in a manner constituting disposal)) Reserved;
(iv) Scrap metal that is not excluded under WAC 173-303-071 (3)(ff);
(v) Fuels produced from the refining of oil-bearing dangerous wastes along with normal process streams at a petroleum refining facility if such wastes result from normal petroleum refining, production, and transportation practices (this exemption does not apply to fuels produced from oil recovered from oil-bearing dangerous wastes where such recovered oil is already excluded under WAC 173-303-071 (3)(cc));
(vi) Reserve;
(vii) Coke and coal tar from the iron and steel industry that contains dangerous waste from the iron and steel production process;
(viii)(A) Dangerous waste fuel produced from oil-bearing
dangerous wastes from petroleum refining, production, or
transportation practices, or produced from oil reclaimed from
such dangerous wastes, where such dangerous wastes are
reintroduced into a process that does not use distillation or
does not produce products from crude oil so long as the resulting
fuel meets the used oil specification under ((WAC 173-303-515
(1)(d))) 40 CFR 279.11 (which is incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-515(4)) and so long as no other dangerous wastes are used
to produce the dangerous waste fuel;
(B) Dangerous waste fuel produced from oil-bearing dangerous
waste from petroleum refining production, and transportation
practices, where such dangerous wastes are reintroduced into a
refining process after a point at which contaminants are removed,
so long as the fuel meets the used oil fuel specification under
((WAC 173-303-515 (1)(d))) 40 CFR 279.11 (which is incorporated
by reference at WAC 173-303-515(4)); and
(C) Oil reclaimed from oil-bearing dangerous wastes from
petroleum refining, production, and transportation practices,
which reclaimed oil is burned as a fuel without reintroduction to
a refining process, so long as the reclaimed oil meets the used
oil fuel specification under ((WAC 173-303-515 (1)(d); and
(ix) Petroleum coke produced from petroleum refinery dangerous wastes containing oil by the same person who generated the waste, unless the resulting coke product exhibits one or more of the characteristics of dangerous waste in WAC 173-303-090)) 40 CFR 279.11 (which is incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-515(4)).
(b) Any recyclable material listed in (a) of this subsection will be subject to the applicable requirements listed in subsection (4) of this section if the department determines, on a case-by-case basis, that:
(i) It is being accumulated, used, reused, or handled in a manner that poses a threat to public health or the environment; or
(ii) Due to the dangerous constituent(s) in it, any use or reuse would pose a threat to public health or the environment. Such recyclable material will be listed in WAC 173-303-016(6).
(3) The following recyclable materials are not subject to the requirements of this section but are subject to the requirements of WAC 173-303-070 through 173-303-110, 173-303-160, 173-303-500 through 173-303-525, and all applicable provisions of WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840:
(a) Recycling requirements for state-only dangerous wastes (see WAC 173-303-500);
(b) Recyclable materials used in a manner constituting disposal (see WAC 173-303-505);
(c) Spent CFC or HCFC refrigerants that are recycled on-site or sent to be reclaimed off-site (see WAC 173-303-506);
(d) Dangerous wastes burned for energy recovery in boilers and industrial furnaces that are not regulated under Subpart O of 40 CFR Part 265 or WAC 173-303-670 (see WAC 173-303-510);
(e) ((Used oil that is burned for energy recovery in boilers
and industrial furnaces that are not regulated under Subpart O of
40 CFR Part 265 or WAC 173-303-670, if such used oil:
(i) Exhibits one or more of the characteristics of a dangerous waste; or
(ii) Is designated as DW solely through WAC 173-303-100; or
(iii) Is designated solely as W001, (see WAC 173-303-515))) Reserved;
(f) Spent lead-acid batteries that are being reclaimed (see WAC 173-303-520);
(g) Recyclable materials from which precious metals are reclaimed (see WAC 173-303-525);
(h) Spent antifreeze that is recycled on-site or sent to be recycled off-site (see WAC 173-303-522).
(4) Those recycling processes not specifically discussed in subsections (2) and (3) of this section are generally subject to regulation only up to and including storage prior to recycling. For the purpose of this section, recyclable materials received from off-site will be considered stored unless they are moved into an active recycling process within twenty-four hours after being received. An active recycling process refers to a dynamic recycling operation that occurs within a recycling unit such as a distillation or centrifuge unit. The phrase does not refer to passive storage-like activities that occur, for example, when tanks or containers are used for phase separation or for settling impurities. Passive storage-like activities are not eligible for the recycling exemption under this subsection.
The recycling process itself is generally exempt from permitting unless the department determines, on a case-by-case basis, that the recycling process poses a threat to public health or the environment.
Unless specified otherwise in subsections (2) and (3) of this section:
(a) Generators of recyclable materials are subject to all applicable requirements of this chapter including, but not limited to, WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230;
(b) Transporters of recyclable materials are subject to all applicable requirements of this chapter including, but not limited to, WAC 173-303-240 through 173-303-270;
(c) Owners or operators of facilities that receive recyclable materials from off-site and recycle these recyclable materials without storing them before they are recycled are subject to the following requirements:
(i) WAC 173-303-060,
(ii) WAC 173-303-120 (4)(e),
(iii) WAC 173-303-283 through 173-303-290,
(iv) WAC 173-303-310 through 173-303-395,
(v) WAC 173-303-630 (2) through (10), and
(vi) WAC 173-303-640 (2) through (10), except 173-303-640 (8)(c) and the second sentence of WAC 173-303-640 (8)(a) (i.e., a recycler, unless otherwise required to do so, does not have to prepare a closure plan, a cost estimate for closure, or provide financial responsibility for his tank system to satisfy the requirements of this section). In lieu of the dates in WAC 173-303-640 (2) and (4), for existing tank systems regulated under this subsection, owners and operators must complete the assessment of the tank system's integrity by June 1, 1992, and must meet the secondary containment requirements of WAC 173-303-640(4) by January 12, 1993;
(vii) The owner or operator must obtain data, by screening-type analysis if necessary, confirming the designation of each waste stream, such that each dangerous waste received can be effectively recycled without jeopardizing human health or the environment. The owner or operator must verify the waste designation periodically, so that it is accurate and current, but at least once every six months or on a batch basis if shipments of a specific waste stream are less frequent. Copies of all analyses and data must be retained for at least five years and made available to the department upon request.
(d) Owners ((or)) and operators of facilities that store
recyclable materials before they are recycled are subject to the
following requirements including, but not limited to:
(i) For all recyclers, the applicable provisions of:
(A) WAC 173-303-280 through 173-303-395,
(B) WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840,
(C) WAC 173-303-140 (2)(a),
(D) WAC 173-303-120 (4)(e);
(ii) For recyclers with interim status permits, the applicable storage provisions of WAC 173-303-400 including Subparts F through L of 40 CFR Part 265;
(iii) For recyclers with final facility permits, the applicable storage provisions of:
(A) WAC 173-303-600 through 173-303-650, and
(B) WAC 173-303-660.
(e) Owners and operators of facilities subject to dangerous
waste permitting requirements with dangerous waste management
units that recycle hazardous wastes are subject to the
requirements of WAC 173-303-690 ((and)), 173-303-691 (Air
emission standards for process vents and equipment leaks), and
WAC 173-303-692 (Air emission standards for tanks, surface
impoundments, and containers) for final status facilities, and 40
CFR Part 265 Subparts AA ((and)), BB, and CC, incorporated by
reference at WAC 173-303-400(3) for interim status facilities.
(5) Use of the used oil recycling statute, chapter 70.95I RCW. This subsection applies to persons who use or manage used oil as defined under chapter 70.95I RCW and its implementing regulations, as amended. The department requires persons who use or manage used oils to do so in accordance with chapter 70.95I RCW and its implementing regulations, as amended.
(6) Used oil that is recycled and is also a dangerous waste solely because it exhibits a dangerous waste characteristic or criteria is not subject to the requirements of this chapter except for 40 CFR Part 279 which is incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-515. Used oil that is recycled includes any used oil that is reused, following its original use, for any purpose (including the purpose for which the oil was originally used). Such term includes, but is not limited to, oil that is re-refined, reclaimed, burned for energy recovery, or reprocessed.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-120, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-120, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-120, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 93-02-050 (Order 92-32), § 173-303-120, filed 1/5/93, effective 2/5/93. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-120, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 88-18-083 (Order 88-29), § 173-303-120, filed 9/6/88; 88-07-039 (Order 87-37), § 173-303-120, filed 3/11/88; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-120, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-120, filed 6/3/86; 84-14-031 (Order DE 84-22), § 173-303-120, filed 6/27/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-120, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Waste quantity. Containers and inner liners will not be considered as a part of the waste when measuring or calculating the quantity of a dangerous waste. Only the weight of the residues in nonempty or nonrinsed containers or inner liners will be considered when determining waste quantities.
(2) A container or inner liner is "empty" when:
(a) All wastes in it have been taken out that can be removed using practices commonly employed to remove materials from that type of container or inner liner (e.g., pouring, pumping, aspirating, etc.) and, no more than one inch of waste remains at the bottom of the container or inner liner, or the volume of waste remaining in the container or inner liner is equal to three percent or less of the container's total capacity, or, if the container's total capacity is greater than one hundred ten gallons, the volume of waste remaining in the container or inner liner is no more than 0.3 percent of the container's total capacity. A container which held compressed gas is empty when the pressure inside the container equals or nearly equals atmospheric pressure; and
(b) If the container or inner liner held acutely hazardous
waste, as defined in WAC 173-303-040, toxic EHW as defined in WAC 173-303-100 or pesticides bearing the danger or warning label,
the container or inner liner has been rinsed at least three times
with an appropriate cleaner or solvent. The volume of cleaner or
solvent used for each rinsing must be ten percent or more of the
container's or inner liner's capacity or of sufficient quantity
to thoroughly decontaminate the container. In lieu of rinsing
for containers that might be damaged or made unusable by rinsing
with liquids (((e.g.)) for example, fiber or cardboard containers
without inner liners), an empty container may be vacuum cleaned,
struck, with the open end of the container up, three times
(((e.g.)) for example, on the ground, with a hammer or hand) to
remove or loosen particles from the inner walls and corners, and
vacuum cleaned again. Equipment used for the vacuum cleaning of
residues from containers or inner liners must be decontaminated
before discarding, in accordance with procedures approved by the
department. A container or inner liner is also considered
"empty" if the container or inner liner has been cleaned by
another method that has been shown in the scientific literature,
or by tests conducted by the generator, to achieve equivalent
removal.
Any rinsate or vacuumed residue ((which)) that results from
the cleaning of containers or inner liners must, whenever
possible, be reused in a manner consistent with the original
intended purpose of the substance in the container or inner
liner. In the case of a farmer, if the rinsate is a pesticide
residue then the rinsate must be managed or reused in a manner
consistent with the application instructions on the pesticide
label((, provided that when the label instructions specify
disposal or burial, such disposal or burial must be on the
farmer's own (including rented, leased or tenanted) property)).
On-site disposal or burial of pesticide residues is prohibited. Otherwise, the rinsate must be checked against the designation
requirements (WAC 173-303-070 through 173-303-100) and, if
designated, managed according to the requirements of this
chapter.
(c) In the case of a container, the inner liner, that prevented the container from contact with the commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical, has been removed.
(3)(a) Any residues remaining in containers or inner liners that are "empty" as described in subsection (2) of this section will not be subject to the requirements of this chapter, and will not be considered as accumulated wastes for the purposes of calculating waste quantities.
(b) Any dangerous waste in either: A container that is not empty, or an inner liner removed from a container that is not empty (as defined in subsection (2) of this section) is subject to the requirements of this chapter.
(4) A person who cannot meet the provisions in (2)(b) of this section may petition the department to approve alternative container rinsing processes in accordance with WAC 173-303-910(1).
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-160, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-160, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-160, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-160, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-160, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-160, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-160, filed 2/10/82. Formerly WAC 173-302-140.]
(1) A person is a dangerous waste generator if their solid waste is designated by the requirements of WAC 173-303-070 through 173-303-100.
(a) The generator is responsible for designating their waste as DW or EHW.
(b) The generator may request an exemption for their dangerous waste according to the procedures of WAC 173-303-072.
(2) A dangerous waste generator must notify the department and obtain an EPA/state identification number as required by WAC 173-303-060, and must comply with the requirements of WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(3) Any generator who stores, treats, or disposes of dangerous waste on-site must perform their operations in accordance with the TSD facility requirements with the following exceptions:
(a) Generators who accumulate dangerous wastes for less than ninety days as allowed under WAC 173-303-200 or for less than one hundred eighty days as allowed under WAC 173-303-201 and 173-303-202;
(b) Generators who treat dangerous waste on-site in accumulation tanks, containers, and containment buildings provided that the generator maintains a log showing the date and amount of waste treated and complies with:
(i) The applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-200, 173-303-201, and 173-303-202; and
(ii) WAC 173-303-283(3);
(c) Generators who treat special waste on-site provided:
(i) The accumulation standards of WAC 173-303-073 (2)(a) and (b) are met;
(ii) When treated in units other than tanks or containers, the unit is designed, constructed, and operated in a manner that prevents:
(A) A release of waste and waste constituents to the environment;
(B) Endangerment of health of employees or the public;
(C) Excessive noise;
(D) Negative aesthetic impact on the use of adjacent property.
(iii) The treatment unit must also be inspected routinely for deterioration that would lead to a release and repairs must be conducted promptly.
(4) The generator must comply with the special land disposal restrictions for certain dangerous wastes in WAC 173-303-140.
(5) Persons responding to an explosives or munitions emergency in accordance with WAC 173-303-400 (2)(c)(xii)(A)(IV) or 173-303-600 (3)(p)(i)(D), (3)(p)(iv), or (3)(p)(xii)(D), and WAC 173-303-800 (7)(c)(iv) or (7)(e) are not required to comply with the standards of WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-170, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-170, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 88-02-057 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-170, filed 1/5/88, effective 2/5/88; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-170, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-170, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-170, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-170, filed 2/10/82.]
Before transporting dangerous waste or offering dangerous waste for transport off the site of generation, the generator must prepare a manifest and must follow all applicable procedures described in this section.
(1) This subsection describes the form and contents of dangerous waste manifests. 40 CFR Part 262 Appendix - Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest and Instructions (EPA Forms 8700-22 and 8700-22A and Their Instructions) is adopted by reference. The manifest must be EPA Form 8700-22 and, if necessary, EPA Form 8700-22A. The manifest must be prepared in accordance with the instructions for these forms, as described in the uniform manifest Appendix of 40 CFR Part 262, and in addition must contain the following information in the specified shaded items of the uniform manifest:
(a) Item D - The first transporter's telephone number must be provided in this space;
(b) Item F - If a second transporter is used, then the second transporter's telephone number must be provided in this space;
(c) Item H - The designated receiving facility's telephone number must be provided in this space;
(d) Item I, and R if the continuation sheet 8700-22A is used - The dangerous waste number (e.g., F001, D006, WT02) must be provided in this space for each corresponding waste entered and described under Item 11, and 28 if the continuation sheet 8700-22A is used. (Note: The waste code does not have to be entered in this block if it already appears in the corresponding U.S. DOT Description block.) As discussed in subsection (5) of this section, dangerous waste numbers WL01 or WL02 may be used in this space for labpacks;
(e) Item O, (on the continuation sheet 8700-22A) - If a third transporter is used, then the third transporter's telephone number must be provided in this space; and
(f) Item Q, (on the continuation sheet 8700-22A) - If a fourth transporter is used, then the fourth transporter's telephone number must be provided in this space.
(2) The manifest must consist of enough copies to provide the generator, transporter(s), and facility owner/operator with a copy, and a copy for return to the generator.
(3) Manifest procedures.
(a) The generator must:
(i) Sign and date the manifest certification by hand;
(ii) Obtain the handwritten signature of the initial transporter and date of acceptance on the manifest; and
(iii) Retain one copy in accordance with WAC 173-303-210, Generator recordkeeping.
(b) The generator must give the remaining manifest copies to the transporter.
(c) If the transporter is unable to deliver the dangerous waste shipment to the designated facility or the alternate facility, the generator must either designate another facility or instruct the transporter to return the waste shipment.
(d) For shipments of dangerous waste within the United States solely by water (bulk shipments only), the generator must send three copies of the manifest dated and signed in accordance with this section to the owner or operator of the designated facility or the last water (bulk shipment) transporter to handle the waste in the United States if exported by water. Copies of the manifest are not required for each transporter.
(e) For rail shipments of dangerous waste within the United States which originate at the site of generation, the generator must send at least three copies of the manifest dated and signed in accordance with this section to:
(i) The next nonrail transporter, if any; or
(ii) The designated facility if transported solely by rail; or
(iii) The last rail transporter to handle the waste in the United States if exported by rail.
(f) For shipments of federally regulated hazardous waste to a designated facility in an authorized state which has not yet obtained authorization to regulate that particular waste as hazardous, the generator must assure that the designated facility agrees to sign and return the manifest to the generator, and that any out-of-state transporter signs and forwards the manifest to the designated facility.
(4) Special requirements for shipments to the Washington EHW facility at Hanford.
(a) All generators planning to ship dangerous waste to the EHW facility at Hanford must notify the facility in writing and by sending a copy of the prepared manifest prior to shipment.
(b) The generator must not ship any dangerous waste without prior approval from the EHW facility. The state operator may exempt classes of waste from the requirements of WAC 173-303-180 (4)(a) and (b) where small quantities or multiple shipments of a previously approved waste are involved, or there exists an emergency and potential threat to public health and safety.
(5) Special instructions for shipment of labpacks. For purposes of completing the uniform dangerous waste manifest, dangerous waste numbers WL01 (for labpacks containing wastes designated as EHW) or WL02 (for labpacks containing wastes designated only as DW) may be used to complete Items I and R in lieu of the dangerous waste numbers that would otherwise be assigned to the contents of the labpack.
(6) The requirements of this section and WAC 173-303-190(2) do not apply to the transport of dangerous wastes on a public or private right-of-way within or along the border of contiguous property under the control of the same person, even if such contiguous property is divided by a public or private right-of-way: Provided, That ecology has approved an alternative paper tracking system that serves the purpose of a manifest. Notwithstanding WAC 173-303-240(2), the generator or transporter must comply with the requirements for transporters set forth in WAC 173-303-270 and 173-303-145 in the event of a discharge of dangerous waste on a public or private right-of-way.
(7) Special instructions for state-only dangerous waste that designates only by the criteria under WAC 173-303-100 and is not regulated as a hazardous waste under 40 CFR Part 261 or as a hazardous material under the 49 CFR hazardous material regulations. For purposes of completing the uniform hazardous waste manifest, Item 11, and Item 28 if continuation sheet 8700-22A is used, or to describe a state-only dangerous waste on a shipping paper, the shipping description must include the following in sequence with no additional information interspersed:
(a) Material Not Regulated by DOT;
(b) Washington State Dangerous Waste Only followed by the appropriate criteria designation of the waste that is either toxic, persistent, solid corrosive or a combination of these entered in parentheses;
(c) Shipping description examples: Material Not Regulated by DOT (Washington State Dangerous Waste Only, Toxic); Material Not Regulated by DOT (Washington State Dangerous Waste Only, Toxic, Persistent); Material Not Regulated by DOT (Washington State Dangerous Waste Only, Solid Corrosive).
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-180, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-180, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-180, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-180, filed 6/3/86; 84-14-031 (Order DE 84-22), § 173-303-180, filed 6/27/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-180, filed 2/10/82. Formerly WAC 173-302-180 and 173-302-190.]
The generator must fulfill the following requirements before transporting off-site or offering for off-site transport any dangerous waste.
(1) Packaging. The generator must package all dangerous waste for transport in accordance with United States DOT regulations on packaging, 49 CFR Parts 173, 178, and 179.
(2) Labeling. The generator must label each package in accordance with United States DOT regulations, 49 CFR Part 172.
(3) Marking. The generator must:
(a) Mark each package of dangerous waste in accordance with United States DOT regulations, 49 CFR Part 172; and
(b) Mark each package containing one hundred ten gallons or less of dangerous waste with the following, or equivalent words and information, displayed in accordance with 49 CFR 172.304:
HAZARDOUS WASTE - State and federal law prohibits improper disposal. If found, contact the nearest police or public safety authority, and the Washington state department of ecology or the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
| Generator's Name and Address |
| . . . . . . . . . . . . |
| . . . . . . . . . . . . |
| . . . . . . . . . . . . |
| Manifest Document Number |
| . . . . . . . . . . . . |
(4) Placarding. The generator will placard, or offer to the initial transporter all appropriate placards in accordance with United States DOT regulations, 49 CFR Part 172, Subpart F.
(5) State-only dangerous waste that is not regulated as a hazardous waste under 40 CFR Part 261 or as a hazardous material under 49 CFR must fulfill the following requirements before transport:
(a) Package in a nonleaking, nonsievable container or in a package that is equivalent to the manufacturing and testing specifications for packagings and containers of 49 CFR Parts 173, 178 and 179.
(b) Mark each package containing one hundred ten gallons or less with the following:
(i) Washington State Dangerous Waste-State law prohibits improper disposal. If found, contact the nearest police or public safety authority, and the Washington State Department of Ecology. The generator's name and address and manifest number must also be included; and
(ii) The state shipping description as described in WAC 173-303-180(6).
(c) Use of any other markings for a state-only dangerous waste is prohibited.
(6) State-only dangerous waste that is also regulated as a hazardous material under 49 CFR must be packaged, labeled and marked in accordance with WAC 173-303-190 (1), (2), (3) and (5)(b)(i).
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-190, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-190, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-190, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) A generator, not to include transporters as referenced in WAC 173-303-240(3), may accumulate dangerous waste on-site without a permit for ninety days or less after the date of generation, provided that:
(a) All such waste is shipped off-site to a designated facility or placed in an on-site facility which is permitted by the department under WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-845 or recycled or treated on-site in ninety days or less. The department may, on a case-by-case basis, grant a maximum thirty day extension to this ninety day period if dangerous wastes must remain on-site due to unforeseen, temporary and uncontrollable circumstances. A generator who accumulates dangerous waste for more than ninety days is an operator of a storage facility and is subject to the facility requirements of this chapter and the permit requirements of this chapter as a storage facility unless he has been granted an extension to the ninety day period allowed pursuant to this subsection;
(b)(i) The waste is placed in containers and the generator complies with the applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-630 (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (8), (9), and (10), 173-303-690, 173-303-691, and 173-303-692. For container accumulation (including satellite areas as described in subsection (2) of this section), the department may require that the accumulation area include secondary containment in accordance with WAC 173-303-630(7), if the department determines that there is a potential threat to public health or the environment due to the nature of the wastes being accumulated, or due to a history of spills or releases from accumulated containers. In addition, any new container accumulation areas (but not including new satellite areas, unless required by the department) constructed or installed after September 30, 1986, must comply with the provisions of WAC 173-303-630(7); and/or
(ii) The waste is placed in tanks and the generator complies with the applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-640 (2) through (10), except WAC 173-303-640 (8)(c) and the second sentence of WAC 173-303-640 (8)(a) and 173-303-690, 173-303-691, and 173-303-692. (Note: A generator, unless otherwise required to do so, does not have to prepare a closure plan, a cost estimate for closure, or provide financial responsibility for his tank system to satisfy the requirements of this section.) Such a generator is exempt from the requirements of WAC 173-303-620 and 173-303-610, except for WAC 173-303-610 (2) and (5); and/or
(iii) The waste is placed on drip pads and the generator complies with WAC 173-303-675 and maintains the following records at the facility:
(A) A description of procedures that will be followed to ensure that all wastes are removed from the drip pad and associated collection system at least once every 90 days; and
(B) Documentation of each waste removal, including the quantity of waste removed from the drip pad and the sump or collection system and the date and time of removal; and/or
(iv) The waste is placed in containment buildings and the generator complies with 40 CFR Part 265 Subpart DD, which is incorporated by reference, and the generator has placed its professional engineer certification that the building complies with the design standards specified in 40 CFR 265.1101 in the facility's operating record no later than sixty days after the date of initial operation of the unit. After February 18, 1993, PE certification will be required prior to operation of the unit. The owner or operator shall maintain the following records at the facility:
(A) A written description of procedures to ensure that each waste volume remains in the unit for no more than ninety days, a written description of the waste generation and management practices for the facility showing that they are consistent with respecting the ninety-day limit, and documentation that the procedures are complied with; or
(B) Documentation that the unit is emptied at least once every 90 days.
In addition, such a generator is exempt from all the requirements in WAC 173-303-610 and 173-303-620, except for WAC 173-303-610(2).
(c) The date upon which each period of accumulation begins is marked and clearly visible for inspection on each container;
(d) While being accumulated on site, each container and tank is labeled or marked clearly with the words "dangerous waste" or "hazardous waste." Each container or tank must also be marked with a label or sign which identifies the major risk(s) associated with the waste in the container or tank for employees, emergency response personnel and the public (Note -- If there is already a system in use that performs this function in accordance with local, state, or federal regulations, then such system will be adequate). The department may also require that a sign be posted at each entrance to the accumulation area, bearing the legend, "danger--unauthorized personnel keep out," or an equivalent legend, written in English, and legible from a distance of twenty-five feet or more; and
(e) The generator complies with the requirements for facility operators contained in:
(i) WAC 173-303-330 through 173-303-360 (personnel training, preparedness and prevention, contingency plan and emergency procedures, and emergencies) except for WAC 173-303-355 (SARA Title III coordination); and
(ii) WAC 173-303-320 (1), (2)(a), (b), (d), and (3) (general inspection); and
(f) The generator complies with 40 CFR 268.7(a)(((4) (waste
analysis plan when treating waste to meet treatment standards for
land disposal restrictions))) (5).
(2) Satellite accumulation.
(a) A generator may accumulate as much as fifty-five gallons of dangerous waste or one quart of acutely hazardous waste per waste stream in containers at or near any point of generation where waste initially accumulates (defined as a satellite accumulation area in WAC 173-303-040). The satellite area must be under the control of the operator of the process generating the waste or secured at all times to prevent improper additions of wastes to a satellite container. Satellite accumulation is allowed without a permit provided the generator:
(i) Complies with WAC 173-303-630 (2), (4), (5) (a) and (b), (8)(a), and (9) (a) and (b); and
(ii) Complies with subsection (1)(d) of this section.
(b) When fifty-five gallons of dangerous waste or one quart of acutely hazardous waste is accumulated per waste stream, the container(s) must be marked immediately with the accumulation date and moved within three days to a designated storage or accumulation area.
(c) On a case-by-case basis the department may require the satellite area to be managed in accordance with all or some of the requirements under subsection (1) of this section, if the nature of the wastes being accumulated, a history of spills or releases from accumulated containers, or other factors are determined by the department to be a threat or potential threat to human health or the environment.
(3) For the purposes of this section, the ninety-day accumulation period begins on the date that:
(a) The generator first generates a dangerous waste; or
(b) The quantity (or aggregated quantity) of dangerous waste
being accumulated by a small quantity generator first exceeds the
((quantity exclusion)) accumulation limit for such waste (or
wastes); or
(c) Fifty-five gallons of dangerous waste or one quart of acutely hazardous waste, per waste stream, is accumulated in a satellite accumulation area.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-200, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-200, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-200, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-200, filed 1/4/89; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-200, filed 6/3/86; 84-14-031 (Order DE 84-22), § 173-303-200, filed 6/27/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-200, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) This section applies to persons who generate more than 220 pounds but less than 2200 pounds per calendar month and do not accumulate on-site more than 2200 pounds of dangerous waste. The special provisions of this section do not apply to acutely hazardous wastes or Toxic EHW (WT01) that exceed the QEL that are being generated or accumulated by the generator.
(2) For purposes of accumulating dangerous waste on-site,
persons who generate no more than 2200 pounds per month ((and))
or who accumulate on-site ((less)) no more than 2200 pounds
(((1000 kg) per month)) of dangerous waste at any one time are
subject to all applicable provisions of WAC 173-303-200 except as
follows:
(a) In lieu of the ninety-day accumulation period, dangerous wastes may be accumulated for one hundred eighty days or less. The department may, on a case-by-case basis, grant a maximum ninety-day extension to this one hundred eighty-day period if the generator must transport his waste, or offer his waste for transportation, over a distance of two hundred miles or more for off-site treatment, storage, or disposal, and the dangerous wastes must remain on-site due to unforeseen, temporary and uncontrollable circumstances;
(b) The generator need not comply with WAC 173-303-330 (Personnel training);
(c) In lieu of the contingency plan and emergency procedures required by WAC 173-303-350 and 173-303-360, the generator must comply with the following:
(i) At all times there must be at least one employee either on the premises or on call (i.e., available to respond to an emergency by reaching the facility within a short period of time) with the responsibility for coordinating all emergency response measures specified in (c)(iv) of this subsection. This employee is the emergency coordinator.
(ii) The generator must post the following information next to all emergency communication devices (including telephones, two-way radios, etc.):
(A) The name and telephone number of the emergency coordinator;
(B) Location of fire extinguishers and spill control material, and, if present, fire alarm; and
(C) The telephone number of the fire department, unless the facility has a direct alarm.
(iii) The generator must ensure that all employees are thoroughly familiar with proper waste handling and emergency procedures, relevant to their responsibilities during normal facility operations and emergencies;
(iv) The emergency coordinator or his designee must respond to any emergencies that arise. The applicable responses are as follows:
(A) In the event of a fire, call the fire department or attempt to extinguish it using a fire extinguisher;
(B) In the event of a spill, contain the flow of dangerous waste to the extent possible, and as soon as is practicable, clean up the dangerous waste and any contaminated materials or soil;
(C) In the event of a fire, explosion, or other release which could threaten human health outside the facility or when the generator has knowledge that a spill has reached waters of the state, the generator must immediately notify the department and either the government official designated as the on-scene coordinator, or the National Response Center (using their twenty-four hour toll free number 800/424-8802). The report must include the following information:
(I) The name, address, and EPA/state identification number of the generator;
(II) Date, time, and type of incident (e.g., spill or fire);
(III) Quantity and type of hazardous waste involved in the incident;
(IV) Extent of injuries, if any; and
(V) Estimated quantity and disposition of recovered materials, if any;
(d) For waste that is placed in tanks, generators must comply with WAC 173-303-202 in lieu of WAC 173-303-200 (1)(b);
(e) The generator must comply with WAC 173-303-630 (1), (2), (4), (5), (6), and (9). The generator does not need to comply with 40 CFR Part 265.176 and 178.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-201, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-201, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-201, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-201, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-201, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-201, filed 6/3/86.]
(1) Applicability. This section establishes standards that apply to persons transporting dangerous waste and transporters who own or lease and operate a transfer facility.
(2) A transporter must have a current EPA/state ID#.
Transporters must comply with the notification and identification
requirements of WAC 173-303-060((, Notification and
identification numbers. Transporters who are involved in
interstate transport must use the identification number assigned
to their national headquarters office, unless the department
requires, on a case-by-case basis, that a transporter obtain his
own unique EPA/state ID#. Transporters who are involved only in
intrastate transport must use the identification number assigned
to their headquarters office located within the state)). A
transporter who has previously obtained an EPA/state ID# in
another state is not required to obtain a new ID# when operating
in Washington state. Transporters who must comply with the
generator requirements as a result of a spill at a ((terminal))
transfer facility or during transport must obtain a separate
generator EPA/state ID# for ((such)) the spill ((or terminal)).
(((2))) (3) Any person who transports a dangerous waste must
comply with the requirements of WAC 173-303-240 through
173-303-270, when ((such)) the dangerous waste ((is required to))
must be manifested ((by)) in accordance with WAC 173-303-180.
(((3))) (4) Any person who transports a dangerous waste must
also comply with the requirements of WAC 173-303-170 through
173-303-230 for generators, if he:
(a) Transports dangerous waste into the state from another country; or
(b) Mixes dangerous waste of different United States DOT shipping descriptions by mixing them into a single container.
(((4))) (5) These requirements do not apply to on-site (as
defined in WAC 173-303-040) transportation of dangerous waste by
generators, or by owners((/)) or operators of permitted TSD
facilities.
(((5) Transporters may store at a transfer facility
manifested shipments of dangerous waste in containers meeting the
requirements of WAC 173-303-190 (1), (2), and (3) for ten days or
less. Transporters may not accumulate or store manifested
shipments of dangerous waste for more than ten days. Reference
to WAC 173-303-200 in 173-303-240(3) does not constitute
authority for storage in excess of ten days for transporters. Transporters who do not comply with these conditions are subject
to all applicable TSD facility requirements.)) (6) Transfer
facility. The requirements of this subsection apply to a
transporter who owns or leases and operates a transfer facility.
Transfer of a shipment of dangerous waste from one transport
vehicle to another transport vehicle and from one transporter to
another transporter and any ten-day storage activities may only
occur at a transfer facility that is registered with the
department. The transporter may store manifested shipments of
dangerous waste in containers meeting the requirements of WAC 173-303-190 (1), (2), and (3) for ten days or less at a transfer
facility: Provided, That they comply with the following:
(a) A transporter who owns or leases and operates a transfer facility within Washington that is related to their dangerous waste transportation activities must register with the department. Washington registration is not required for an out-of-state transporter whose activities are limited to passing through Washington with shipments of dangerous waste or picking up shipments from Washington generators or delivering shipments to designated treatment, storage or disposal facilities. In order to obtain registration, a transporter must complete a Notification of Dangerous Waste Activities Form 2 per Form 2 instructions and submit it to the department;
(b) Ten-day storage records that include the dates that a manifested shipment of dangerous waste entered the facility and departed the facility must be kept and retained for a period of three years from the date the shipment was transported from the transfer facility;
(c) WAC 173-303-310 (1) and (2), Security. Instead of WAC 173-303-310(2) for an enclosed or an open flatbed transport vehicle parked at a transfer facility that has no twenty-four-hour surveillance system or natural or artificial barrier, the transport vehicle must meet the placarding requirements of 49 CFR Part 172 and be secured (that is, locked) or the shipment must be transferred to a secured area of the facility to prevent and minimize unauthorized entry;
(d) WAC 173-303-320, General inspection. Instead of keeping inspection records for a period of five years from the date of inspection in WAC 173-303-320 (2)(d), inspection records must be kept at the transfer facility for one year from the date of inspection;
(e) WAC 173-303-330, Personnel training;
(f) WAC 173-303-340, Preparedness and prevention except WAC 173-303-340(3), Aisle space;
(g) WAC 173-303-350, Contingency plan and emergency procedures;
(h) WAC 173-303-360, Emergencies;
(i) WAC 173-303-630 (2), (3), (4), (5)(a) and (b), (8), (9)(a) and (b) and (10), Use and management of containers;
(j) WAC 173-303-630(7) in areas where waste is transferred from container to container and in areas where containers are stored outside in the weather. The secondary containment system must be completed by October 15, 2001. The department may, on a case-by-case basis, grant an extension to the required completion date if the transporter has a design and has entered into binding financial or other agreements for construction prior to October 15, 2001;
(k) The requirements of WAC 173-303-630(7) may be required in areas other than those described in WAC 173-303-240 (6)(j) if the department determines that there is a potential threat to public health and the environment due to the nature of the wastes being stored or due to a history of spills or releases from waste stored in containers.
(7) Transporter exemptions. A transporter will not be required to comply with the following:
(a) The requirements of WAC 173-303-240(6) in the event of an emergency or other unforeseen event beyond the reasonable control of the transporter during transit over public highway, rail track or water route and the waste shipment is loaded, reloaded or transferred to another transport vehicle or container to facilitate transportation;
(b) The requirements of WAC 173-303-240 (6)(i) and (j) for dangerous waste that is stored in a secured, enclosed transport vehicle, intermodal container or portable tank during the time it is parked at a transfer facility.;
(c) The requirements of WAC 173-303-240 (6)(i) and (j) for a transfer facility that is located at a pier, dock or barge unloading facility and associated with the loading and unloading of water vessels: Provided, That the dangerous waste shipment is stored within a transport unit, as defined under 49 CFR Part 176, and accepted by the approval authority of the United States Coast Guard;
(d) The requirements of WAC 173-303-240 (6)(j) for dangerous waste that is stored within a building: Provided, That the floor is compatible with and sufficiently impervious to the waste stored and is designed and operated so that any release or spill will be captured within the building and will prevent any waste from migrating to the soil, ground water or surface water.
(8) A transporter who accumulates or stores manifested shipments of dangerous waste for more than ten days at a transfer facility is subject to the dangerous waste management facility general requirements and permit requirements of this chapter with respect to the storage of those wastes.
(9) Reference to WAC 173-303-200 in WAC 173-303-240(4) does not constitute authority for storage in excess of ten days for a transporter who owns or leases and operates a transfer facility.
(10) The regulations in WAC 173-303-250 through 173-303-260 do not apply to transportation during an explosives or munitions emergency response, conducted in accordance with WAC 173-303-400 (2)(c)(xiii)(A)(IV) or (xiii)(D) or WAC 173-303-600 (3)(p)(i)(D) or (3)(p)(iv), and WAC 173-303-800 (7)(c)(i)(C) or (D).
(11) WAC 173-303-578 identifies how the requirements of WAC 173-303-240 through 173-303-270 apply to military munitions classified as solid waste at WAC 173-303-578(2).
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-240, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-240, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-240, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-240, filed 6/3/86; 84-14-031 (Order DE 84-22), § 173-303-240, filed 6/27/84. Statutory Authority: RCW 70.95.260 and chapter 70.105 RCW. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-240, filed 2/10/82. Formerly WAC 173-302-210.]
Reviser's note: The typographical error in the above section occurred in the copy filed by the agency and appears in the Register pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.08.040.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending Order 97-03, filed 1/12/98,
effective 2/12/98)
WAC 173-303-280
General requirements for dangerous waste
management facilities.
(1) Applicability. The requirements of WAC 173-303-280 through 173-303-395 apply to all owners and operators of facilities which store, treat, or dispose of dangerous wastes and which must be permitted under the requirements of this chapter 173-303 WAC, unless otherwise specified in this chapter. Whenever a shipment of dangerous waste is initiated from a facility, the owner or operator of that facility must comply with the requirements for generators, WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(2) Imminent hazard. Notwithstanding any provisions of this chapter, enforcement actions may be brought in the event that the management practices of a facility present an imminent and substantial hazard to the public health and the environment, regardless of the quantity or concentration of a dangerous waste.
(3) Identification numbers. Every facility owner or operator must apply for an EPA/state identification number from the department in accordance with WAC 173-303-060.
(4) The owner or operator must comply with the special land disposal restrictions for certain dangerous wastes in WAC 173-303-140.
(5) Salt dome formations, salt bed formations, underground mines and caves. The placement of any noncontainerized or bulk liquid dangerous waste in any salt dome formation, salt bed formation, underground mine or cave is prohibited.
(6) The requirements of WAC 173-303-290 through 173-303-360 and WAC 173-303-395 do not apply to cleanup-only facilities. Instead, owners/operators of cleanup-only facilities must comply with the following requirements.
(a) Obtain an EPA/state identification number in accordance with WAC 173-303-060(2).
(b) Obtain a detailed chemical and physical analysis of a representative sample of the dangerous remediation waste to be treated, stored or disposed at the site. At a minimum, this analysis must contain all information that must be known to treat, store or dispose of the dangerous remediation waste according to WAC 173-303-140 (2)(a), 173-303-280 through 173-303–395 and WAC 173-303-600 through 173-303-695 and must be kept accurate and up to date.
(c) Prevent people who are unaware of the danger from entering, and minimize the possibility for unauthorized people or livestock to enter onto the active portion of the remediation waste management site, unless the owner or operator can demonstrate to the director that:
(i) Physical contact with the dangerous remediation waste, structures or equipment within the active portion of the remediation waste management site will not injure people or livestock who may enter the active portion of the remediation waste management site; and
(ii) Disturbance of the dangerous remediation waste or equipment by people or livestock who enter onto the active portion of the remediation waste management site will not cause a violation of the requirements of WAC 173-303-280 through 173-303-395 or WAC 173-303-600 through 173-303-695.
(d) Inspect the remediation waste management site for malfunctions, deterioration, operator errors, and discharges that may lead to a release of dangerous constituents to the environment or a threat to human health. Inspections must be conducted often enough to identify problems in time to correct them before they harm human health or the environment. Problems must be remedied before they lead to a human health or environmental threat. Where a hazard is imminent or has already occurred, remedial action must be taken immediately.
(e) Provide personnel with classroom or on-the-job training on how to perform their duties in a way that ensures the remediation waste management site complies with the requirements of WAC 173-303-280 through 173-303–395 and WAC 173-303-600 through 173-303-695 and on how to effectively respond to emergencies.
(f) Take precautions to prevent accidental ignition or reaction of ignitable or reactive dangerous remediation waste and prevent threats to human health and the environment from ignitable, reactive and incompatible dangerous remediation waste.
(g) Develop and maintain a construction quality assurance program for all surface impoundments, waste piles and landfill units that are required to comply with WAC 173-303-650 (2)(j) and (k), 173-303-660 (2)(j) and (k) or 173-303-655 (2)(h), (i) and (j). The construction quality assurance must meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-335.
(h) Develop and maintain procedures to prevent accidents and a contingency and emergency plan to control accidents that occur. The procedures must address proper design, construction, maintenance and operation of remediation waste management units at the site. The goal of the plan must be to minimize the possibility of, and the hazards from, a fire, explosion or any other unplanned sudden or nonsudden release of dangerous remediation waste or dangerous constituents to the air, soil or surface water that could threaten human health or the environment. The plan must explain specifically how to treat, store or dispose of the remediation waste in question and must be implemented immediately whenever a fire, explosion or release of dangerous remediation waste or dangerous constituents occurs and could threaten human health or the environment.
(i) Designate at least one employee, either on the remediation waste management site premises or on call (that is, available to respond to an emergency by reaching the remediation waste management site quickly), to coordinate all emergency response measures. The emergency coordinator must be thoroughly familiar with all aspects of the remediation waste management site contingency plan, all operations and activities at the site, the location and characteristics of dangerous remediation waste handled, the location of all records within the site, and the site layout. The emergency coordinator must have authority to commit the resources needed to carry out the contingency plan.
(j) Develop, maintain and implement a plan to meet the requirements of this subsection.
(k) Maintain records documenting compliance with this subsection.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-280, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-280, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 88-02-057 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-280, filed 1/5/88, effective 2/5/88; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-280, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-280, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-280, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-280, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Purpose. The purpose of this section is to provide notification to the department, local communities and the public that the siting of a dangerous waste management facility is being considered. Also, to provide general information about the proposed facility owner/operator, the type of facility and the types of wastes to be managed and compliance with the siting criteria.
(2) Applicability. This section applies to owners/operators
of proposed facilities. This section also applies to existing
facilities ((for which the department receives an application
for)) applying for a significant expansion. This section does
not apply to owners/operators of facilities or portions of
facilities who are applying for research, development and
demonstration permits, pursuant to section 3005(g) of the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, codified in 40 CFR Part
270.65. In addition, this section does not apply to
owners/operators of facilities operating under an emergency
permit pursuant to WAC 173-303-804 or to persons at facilities
conducting on-site cleanup of sites under the Comprehensive
Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act, Sections
3004(u), 3004(v), and 3008(h) of the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act, chapter 70.105 RCW, or chapter 70.105D RCW,
provided the cleanup activities are being conducted under a
consent decree, agreed order, or enforcement order, or is being
conducted by the department or United States Environmental
Protection Agency. As used in this section:
(a) "Proposed facility" means a facility which has not qualified for interim status under WAC 173-303-805 or for which the department has not issued a final facility permit under WAC 173-303-806 prior to the effective date of this section;
(b) "Existing facility" means a facility which has qualified for interim status under WAC 173-303-805 or for which the department has issued a final facility permit under WAC 173-303-806 prior to the effective date of this section; and
(c) "Expansion" means the enlargement of the land surface area of an existing facility from that described in an interim status permit application or final status permit, the addition of a new dangerous waste management process, or an increase in the overall design capacity of existing dangerous waste management processes at a facility.
(3) Notice of intent to file for an interim status or a dangerous waste permit.
(a) The notice of intent to be prepared by the owners/operators of the applicable facilities must consist of:
(i) The name, address, and telephone number of the owner, operator, and corporate officers;
(ii) The location of the proposed facility or expansion on a topographic map with specifications as detailed in WAC 173-303-806 (4)(a)(xviii);
(iii) A brief description of the types and amounts of wastes to be managed annually;
(iv) A brief description of the major equipment items proposed, if any, and the waste management activities requiring a permit or revision of an existing permit;
(v) Demonstration of compliance with the siting criteria as required under WAC 173-303-282 (6) and (7). The site conditions with regards to satisfying the criteria are to be assessed as of the date of submittal of the notice of intent to the department;
(vi) For informational purposes a complete summary of compliance violations of permit conditions at hazardous waste management facilities owned or operated by the applicant, its subsidiaries or its parent company, during the ten calendar years preceding the permit application. Along with the summary of compliance violations, as issued by appropriate state or federal regulatory agencies, the applicant must also submit responses to past violations and any written correspondence with regulatory agencies regarding the compliance status of any hazardous waste management facility owned or operated by the applicant, its subsidiaries or parent company of the owner or operator. A more detailed compliance record must be provided upon request by the department;
(vii) For informational purposes the need for the proposed facility or expansion must be demonstrated by one of the following methods:
(A) Current overall capacity within Washington is inadequate for dangerous wastes generated in Washington as determined by regional or state dangerous waste management plans; or
(B) The facility is a higher priority management method, as described in RCW 70.105.150, than is currently in place or practical and available for the types of waste proposed to be managed; or
(C) The facility will add to the types of technology available or will reduce cost impacts (not to include transportation costs) to Washington generators for disposal of dangerous wastes; and
(ix) For informational purposes it must be shown how the capacity of the proposed facility or expansion will affect the overall capacity within the state, in conjunction with existing facilities in Washington.
(b) The notice of intent must be filed with the department,
and copies must be made available for public review, no less than
one hundred fifty days prior to filing an application for a
permit or permit revision. ((Public notification of the notice
of intent to file shall be given at the time of filing by
announcement in a daily newspaper within the area of the proposed
facility or expansion for a minimum of fourteen consecutive days.
In addition,)) The department will send a copy of the notice of
intent to the elected officials of the lead local government and
all local governments within the potentially affected area as
required by WAC 173-303-902 (5)(b)(i). The department will
continue to coordinate with interested local governments
throughout the review of the proposal.
(c) Reserved.
(4) Preapplication public meeting and notice.
(a) Applicability. The requirements of subsections (4), (5), and (6) of this section apply to all final facility (part B) applications seeking initial permits for dangerous waste management units over which the department has permit issuance authority. These requirements also apply to final facility part B applications seeking renewal of permits for such units, where the renewal application is proposing a significant change in facility operations. For the purposes of these subsections, a "significant change" is any change that would qualify as a class 3 permit modification under WAC 173-303-840(4). For the purposes of these subsections only, "dangerous waste management units over which the department has permit issuance authority" refers to dangerous waste management units for which the department has been authorized to issue dangerous waste permits. The requirements of these subsections do not apply to permit modifications under WAC 173-303-840(4) or to applications that are submitted for the sole purpose of conducting post-closure activities or post-closure activities and corrective action at a facility.
The applicant's meeting date must be coordinated with and approved by ecology. If timing allows, both the applicant and ecology's meetings may be held on the same day.
(b) Prior to the submission of a part B final facility permit application for a facility, the applicant must hold at least one meeting with the public in order to solicit questions from the community and inform the community of proposed dangerous waste management activities. The applicant must post a sign-in sheet or otherwise provide a voluntary opportunity for attendees to provide their names and addresses.
(c) The applicant must submit a summary of the meeting, along with the list of attendees and their addresses developed under (b) of this subsection, and copies of any written comments or materials submitted at the meeting, to the department as a part of the part B application, in accordance with WAC 173-303-806 (4)(a).
(d) The applicant must provide public notice of the preapplication meeting at least thirty days prior to the meeting. The applicant must maintain, and provide to the department upon request, documentation of the notice.
(i) The applicant must provide public notice in all of the following forms:
(A) A newspaper advertisement. The applicant must publish a notice, fulfilling the requirements in (d)(ii) of this subsection, in a newspaper of general circulation in the county or equivalent jurisdiction that hosts the proposed location of the facility. In addition, the department will instruct the applicant to publish the notice in newspapers of general circulation in adjacent counties, where the department determines that such publication is necessary to inform the affected public. The notice must be published as a display advertisement.
(B) A visible and accessible sign. The applicant must post a notice on a clearly marked sign at or near the facility, fulfilling the requirements in (d)(ii) of this subsection. If the applicant places the sign on the facility property, then the sign must be large enough to be readable from the nearest point where the public would pass by the site.
(C) A broadcast media announcement. The applicant must broadcast a notice, fulfilling the requirements in (d)(ii) of this subsection, at least once on at least one local radio station or television station. The applicant may employ another medium with prior approval of the department.
(D) A notice to the department. The applicant must send a copy of the newspaper notice to the department and to the appropriate units of state and local government, in accordance with WAC 173-303-840 (3)(e)(i)(E).
(ii) The notices required under (d)(i) of this subsection must include:
(A) The date, time, and location of the meeting;
(B) A brief description of the purpose of the meeting;
(C) A brief description of the facility and proposed operations, including the address or a map (e.g., a sketched or copied street map) of the facility location;
(D) A statement encouraging people to contact the facility at least seventy-two hours before the meeting if they need special access to participate in the meeting; and
(E) The name, address, and telephone number of a contact person for the applicant.
(5) Public notice requirements at the application stage.
(a) Applicability. The requirements of this section apply to all final facility part B applications seeking initial permits for dangerous waste management units over which the department has permit issuance authority. The requirements of this section also apply to final facility part B applications seeking renewal of permits for such units under WAC 173-303-806 (7)(a). For the purposes of this section only, "dangerous waste management units over which the department has permit issuance authority" refers to dangerous waste management units for which the department has been authorized to issue final facility permits. The requirements of this section do not apply to permit modifications under WAC 173-303-840(4) or permit applications submitted for the sole purpose of conducting post-closure activities or post-closure activities and corrective action at a facility.
(b) Notification at application submittal.
(i) The department will provide public notice as set forth in WAC 173-303-840 (3)(e)(i)(D), and notice to appropriate units of state and local government as set forth in WAC 173-303-840 (3)(e)(i)(E), that a part B permit application has been submitted to the department and is available for review.
(ii) The notice will be published within a reasonable period of time after the application is received by the department. The notice must include:
(A) The name and telephone number of the applicant's contact person;
(B) The name and telephone number of the department's contact, and a mailing address to which information, opinions, and inquiries may be directed throughout the permit review process;
(C) An address to which people can write in order to be put on the facility mailing list;
(D) The location where copies of the permit application and any supporting documents can be viewed and copied;
(E) A brief description of the facility and proposed operations, including the address or a map (for example, a sketched or copied street map) of the facility location on the front page of the notice; and
(F) The date that the application was submitted.
(iii) Concurrent with the notice required under (b) of this subsection, the department will place the permit application and any supporting documents in a location accessible to the public in the vicinity of the facility or at the department's office.
(6) Information repository.
(a) Applicability. The requirements of this section apply to all applications seeking final facility permits for dangerous waste management units over which the department has permit issuance authority. For the purposes of this section only, "dangerous waste management units over which the department has permit issuance authority" refers to dangerous waste management units for which the department has been authorized to issue dangerous waste permits.
(b) The department may assess the need, on a case-by-case basis, for an information repository. When assessing the need for an information repository, the department will consider a variety of factors, including: The level of public interest; the type of facility; the presence of an existing repository; and the proximity to the nearest copy of the administrative record. If the department determines, at any time after submittal of a permit application, that there is a need for a repository, then the department will notify the facility that it must establish and maintain an information repository. (See WAC 173-303-810(16) for similar provisions relating to the information repository during the life of a permit.)
(c) The information repository must contain all documents, reports, data, and information deemed necessary by the department to fulfill the purposes for which the repository is established. The department will have the discretion to limit the contents of the repository.
(d) The information repository must be located and maintained at a site chosen by the facility. If the department finds the site unsuitable for the purposes and persons for which it was established, due to problems with the location, hours of availability, access, or other relevant considerations, then the department will specify a more appropriate site.
(e) The department will specify requirements for informing the public about the information repository. At a minimum, the department will require the facility to provide a written notice about the information repository to all individuals on the facility mailing list.
(f) The facility owner/operator will be responsible for maintaining and updating the repository with appropriate information throughout a time period specified by the department. The department may close the repository at its discretion, based on the factors in (b) of this subsection.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-281, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-281, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: RCW 43.21A.080 and 70.105.210, et seq. 90-20-016, § 173-303-281, filed 9/21/90, effective 10/22/90. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 88-18-083 (Order 88-29), § 173-303-281, filed 9/6/88.]
(1) Purpose. This section requires the facility owner or operator to confirm his knowledge about a dangerous waste before he stores, treats, or disposes of it. The purpose for the analysis is to insure that a dangerous waste is managed properly.
(2) The owner or operator must obtain a detailed chemical, physical, and/or biological analysis of a dangerous waste, or nondangerous wastes if applicable under WAC 173-303-610 (4)(d), before he stores, treats, or disposes of it. This analysis must contain the information necessary to manage the waste in accordance with the requirements of this chapter 173-303 WAC. The analysis may include or consist of existing published or documented data on the dangerous waste, or on waste generated from similar processes, or data obtained by testing, if necessary.
(3) The owner or operator of an off-site facility must confirm, by analysis if necessary, that each dangerous waste received at the facility matches the identity of the waste specified on the accompanying manifest or shipping paper.
(4) Analysis must be repeated as necessary to ensure that it is accurate and current. At a minimum, analysis must be repeated:
(a) When the owner or operator has been notified, or has reason to believe, that the process or operation generating the dangerous waste, or nondangerous wastes if applicable under WAC 173-303-610 (4)(d), has significantly changed; and
(b) When a dangerous waste received at an off-site facility does not match the identity of the waste specified on the manifest or the shipping paper.
(5) Waste analysis plan. The owner or operator must develop and follow a written waste analysis plan which describes the procedures he will use to comply with the waste analysis requirements of subsections (1), (2), (3), and (4) of this section. He must keep this plan at the facility, and the plan must contain at least:
(a) The parameters for which each dangerous waste, or nondangerous waste if applicable under WAC 173-303-610 (4)(d), will be analyzed, and the rationale for selecting these parameters (i.e., how analysis for these parameters will provide sufficient information on the waste's properties to comply with subsections (1) through (4) of this section);
(b) The methods of obtaining or testing for these parameters;
(c) The methods for obtaining representative samples of wastes for analysis (representative sampling methods are discussed in WAC 173-303-110(2));
(d) The frequency with which analysis of a waste will be reviewed or repeated to ensure that the analysis is accurate and current;
(e) The waste analyses which generators have agreed to supply;
(f) Where applicable, the methods for meeting the additional waste analysis requirements for specific waste management methods as specified in WAC 173-303-400(3) which incorporates by reference the regulations in 40 CFR Part 265 Subparts F through R 265.1034, 265.1063(d), 265.1084, 268.4(a) and 268.7 for interim status facilities and in WAC 173-303-140 (4)(b), 173-303-395(1), 173-303-630 through 173-303-670, and 40 CFR 264.1034, 264.1063(d), 264.1083, 268.4(a) and 268.7 for final status facilities;
(g) For off-site facilities, the waste analysis that dangerous waste generators have agreed to supply;
(h) For surface impoundments exempted from land disposal restrictions under 40 CFR 268.4(a), incorporated by reference in WAC 173-303-140(2), the procedures and schedules for:
(i) The sampling of impoundment contents;
(ii) The analysis of test data; and
(iii) The annual removal of residues that are not delisted under 40 CFR 260.22 or which exhibit a characteristic of hazardous waste and either:
(A) Do not meet applicable treatment standards of 40 CFR Part 268, Subpart D; or
(B) Where no treatment standards have been established;
(I) Such residues are prohibited from land disposal under 40 CFR 268.32 or RCRA section 3004(d); or
(II) Such residues are prohibited from land disposal under 40 CFR 268.33(f).
(i) For owners and operators seeking an exemption to the air emission standards of subpart CC in accordance with Sec. 264.1082, incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-692, or with 265.1083, incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-400 (3)(a):
(A) If direct measurement is used for the waste determination, the procedures and schedules for waste sampling and analysis, and the results of the analysis of test data to verify the exemption.
(B) If knowledge of the waste is used for the waste determination, any information prepared by the facility owner or operator or by the generator of the hazardous waste, if the waste is received from off-site, that is used as the basis for knowledge of the waste.
(6) For off-site facilities, the waste analysis plan required in subsection (5) of this section must also specify the procedures which will be used to inspect and, if necessary, analyze each movement of hazardous waste received at the facility to ensure that it matches the identity of the waste designated on the accompanying manifest or shipping paper. At a minimum, the plan must describe:
(a) The procedures which will be used to determine the identity of each movement of waste managed at the facility;
(b) The sampling method which will be used to obtain a representative sample of the waste to be identified, if the identification method includes sampling; and
(c) The procedures that the owner or operator of an off-site landfill receiving containerized hazardous waste will use to determine whether a hazardous waste generator or treater has added a biodegradable sorbent to the waste in the container.
Comment:
WAC 173-303-806 requires that the waste analysis plan be submitted with Part B of the permit application.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-300, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-300, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-300, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-300, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-300, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) The owner or operator must inspect his facility to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors, and discharges which may cause or lead to the release of dangerous waste constituents to the environment, or a threat to human health. The owner or operator must conduct these inspections often enough to identify problems in time to correct them before they harm human health or the environment.
(2) The owner or operator must develop and follow a written schedule for inspecting all monitoring equipment, safety and emergency equipment, security devices, and operating and structural equipment that help prevent, detect, or respond to hazards to the public health or the environment. In addition:
(a) He must keep the schedule at the facility;
(b) The schedule must identify the types of problems which are to be looked for during inspections;
(c) The schedule must indicate the frequency of inspection
for specific items. The frequency should be based on the rate of
possible deterioration of equipment, and the probability of an
environmental or human health incident. Areas subject to spills
must be inspected daily when in use. At a minimum the inspection
schedule must also include the applicable items and frequencies
required for the specific waste management methods described in
40 CFR Part 265 Subparts F through R, 265.1033, 265.1052,
265.1053, ((and)) 265.1058 and 265.1084 through 265.1090, for
interim status facilities and in WAC 173-303-630 through
173-303-680, and 40 CFR 264.1033, 264.1052, 264.1053, ((and))
264.1058 and 264.1083 through 264.1089 for final status
facilities; and
(d) The owner or operator must keep an inspection log or summary, including at least the date and time of the inspection, the printed name and the handwritten signature of the inspector, a notation of the observations made, an account of spills or discharges in accordance with WAC 173-303-145, and the date and nature of any repairs or remedial actions taken. The log or summary must be kept at the facility for at least five years from the date of inspection.
(3) The owner or operator must remedy any problems revealed by the inspection, on a schedule which prevents hazards to the public health and environment. Where a hazard is imminent or has already occurred, remedial action must be taken immediately.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-320, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-320, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-320, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-320, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-320, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Emergency coordinator. At all times, there must be at least one employee either on the facility premises or on call (that is, available to respond to an emergency by reaching the facility within a short period of time) with the responsibility for coordinating all emergency response measures. This emergency coordinator must be thoroughly familiar with all aspects of the facility's contingency plan, required by WAC 173-303-350(2), all operations and activities at the facility, the location and properties of all wastes handled, the location of all records within the facility, and the facility layout. In addition, this person must have the authority to commit the resources needed to carry out the contingency plan.
(2) Emergency procedures. The following procedures must be implemented in the event of an emergency.
(a) Whenever there is an imminent or actual emergency situation, the emergency coordinator (or his designee when the emergency coordinator is on call) must immediately:
(i) Activate internal facility alarms or communication systems, where applicable, to notify all facility personnel; and
(ii) Notify appropriate state or local agencies with designated response roles if their help is needed.
(b) Whenever there is a release, fire, or explosion, the emergency coordinator must immediately identify the character, exact source, amount, and areal extent of any released materials.
(c) Concurrently, the emergency coordinator must assess possible hazards to human health and the environment (considering direct, indirect, immediate, and long-term effects) that may result from the release, fire, or explosion.
(d) If the emergency coordinator determines that the facility has had a release, fire, or explosion which could threaten human health or the environment, he must report his findings as follows:
(i) If his assessment indicates that evacuation of local areas may be advisable, he must immediately notify appropriate local authorities. He must be available to help appropriate officials decide whether local areas should be evacuated; and
(ii) He must immediately notify the department and either the government official designated as the on-scene coordinator, or the National Response Center (using their 24-hour toll free number (800) 424-8802).
(e) His assessment report must include:
(i) Name and telephone number of reporter;
(ii) Name and address of facility;
(iii) Time and type of incident (e.g., release, fire);
(iv) Name and quantity of material(s) involved, to the extent known;
(v) The extent of injuries, if any; and
(vi) The possible hazards to human health or the environment outside the facility.
(f) During an emergency, the emergency coordinator must take all reasonable measures necessary to ensure that fires, explosions, and releases do not occur, recur, or spread to other dangerous waste at the facility. These measures must include, where applicable, stopping processes and operations, collecting and containing released waste, and removing or isolating containers.
(g) If the facility stops operations in response to a fire, explosion, or release, the emergency coordinator must monitor for leaks, pressure buildup, gas generation, or ruptures in valves, pipes, or other equipment, wherever this is appropriate.
(h) Immediately after an emergency, the emergency coordinator must provide for treating, storing, or disposing of recovered waste, contaminated soil or surface water, or any other material that results from a release, fire, or explosion at the facility.
(i) The emergency coordinator must ensure that, in the affected area(s) of the facility:
(i) No waste that may be incompatible with the released material is treated, stored, or disposed of until cleanup procedures are completed; and
(ii) All emergency equipment listed in the contingency plan is cleaned and fit for its intended use before operations are resumed.
(j) The owner or operator must notify the department, and appropriate local authorities, that the facility is in compliance with (i) of this subsection before operations are resumed in the affected area(s) of the facility.
(k) The owner or operator must note in the operating record the time, date, and details of any incident that requires implementing the contingency plan. Within fifteen days after the incident, he must submit a written report on the incident to the department. The report must include:
(i) Name, address, and telephone number of the owner or operator;
(ii) Name, address, and telephone number of the facility;
(iii) Date, time, and type of incident (e.g., fire, explosion);
(iv) Name and quantity of material(s) involved;
(v) The extent of injuries, if any;
(vi) An assessment of actual or potential hazards to human health or the environment, where this is applicable;
(vii) Estimated quantity and disposition of recovered material that resulted from the incident;
(viii) Cause of incident; and
(ix) Description of corrective action taken to prevent reoccurrence of the incident.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-360, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-360, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-360, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-360, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-360, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: RCW 70.95.260 and chapter 70.105 RCW. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-360, filed 2/10/82. Formerly chapter 173-302 WAC.]
(1) Applicability. The requirements of this section apply to owners and operators who receive dangerous waste from off-site sources.
(2) If a facility receives dangerous waste accompanied by a manifest, the owner or operator, or his agent, must:
(a) Sign and date each copy of the manifest to certify that the dangerous waste covered by the manifest was received;
(b) Note any significant discrepancies in the manifest, as described in subsection (4) of this section, on each copy of the manifest;
(c) Immediately give the transporter at least one copy of the signed manifest;
(d) Within thirty days after the delivery, send a copy of the manifest to the generator; and
(e) Retain at the facility a copy of each manifest for at least three years from the date of delivery.
(3) If a facility receives, from a rail or water (bulk shipment) transporter, dangerous waste which is accompanied by a manifest or shipping paper containing all the information required on the manifest (excluding the EPA/state identification numbers, generator's certification, and signatures), the owner or operator, or his agent, must:
(a) Sign and date each copy of the manifest or shipping paper to certify that the dangerous waste covered by the manifest or shipping paper was received;
(b) Note any significant discrepancies in the manifest or shipping paper, as described in subsection (4) of this section, on each copy of the manifest or shipping paper;
(c) Immediately give the rail or water (bulk shipment) transporter at least one copy of the manifest or shipping paper;
(d) Within thirty days after the delivery, send a copy of the signed and dated manifest or shipping paper to the generator. However, if the manifest is not received within thirty days after the delivery, the owner or operator, or his agent, must send a copy of the signed and dated shipping paper to the generator; and
(e) Retain at the facility a copy of each shipping paper and manifest for at least three years from the date of delivery.
(4) Manifest discrepancies.
(a) Manifest discrepancies are significant discrepancies between the quantity or type of dangerous waste designated on the manifest or shipping paper and the quantity or type of dangerous waste a facility actually receives. Significant discrepancies in quantity are variations greater than ten percent in weight for bulk quantities (e.g., tanker trucks, railroad tank cars, etc.), or any variations in piece count for nonbulk quantities (i.e., any missing container or package would be a significant discrepancy). Significant discrepancies in type are obvious physical or chemical differences which can be discovered by inspection or waste analysis (e.g., waste solvent substituted for waste acid).
(b) Upon discovering a significant discrepancy, the owner or
operator must attempt to reconcile the discrepancy with the waste
generator ((or)) and transporter. If the discrepancy is not
resolved within fifteen days after receiving the waste, the owner
or operator must immediately submit to the department a letter
describing the discrepancy and attempts to reconcile it, and a
copy of the manifest or shipping paper at issue.
(5) Reasons for not accepting dangerous waste shipments. The owner or operator may decide that a dangerous shipment should not be accepted by his facility.
(a) The following are acceptable reasons for denying receipt of a dangerous waste shipment:
(i) The facility is not capable of properly managing the type(s) of dangerous waste in the shipment;
(ii) There is a significant discrepancy (as described in subsection (4) of this section) between the shipment and the wastes listed on the manifest or shipping paper; or
(iii) The shipment has arrived in a condition which the owner or operator believes would present an unreasonable hazard to facility operations, or to facility personnel handling the dangerous waste(s) (including, but not limited to, leaking or damaged containers, and improperly labeled containers).
(b) The owner or operator may send the shipment on to the alternate facility designated on the manifest or shipping paper, or contact the generator to identify another facility capable of handling the waste and provide for its delivery to that other facility, unless, the containers are damaged to such an extent, or the dangerous waste is in such a condition as to present a hazard to the public health or the environment in the process of further transportation.
(c) If the dangerous waste shipment cannot leave the facility for the reasons described in (b) of this subsection, then the owner or operator must take those actions described in the contingency plan, WAC 173-303-350 (3)(b).
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-370, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-370, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-370, filed 2/10/82. Formerly chapter 173-302 WAC.]
(1) Operating record. The owner or operator of a facility must keep a written operating record at their facility. The following information must be recorded, as it becomes available, and maintained in the operating record until closure of the facility:
(a) A description of and the quantity of each dangerous waste received or managed on-site, and the method(s) and date(s) of its treatment, storage, or disposal at the facility as required by subsection (2) of this section, recordkeeping instructions;
(b) The location of each dangerous waste within the facility and the quantity at each location. For disposal facilities, the location and quantity of each dangerous waste must be recorded on a map or diagram of each cell or disposal area. For all facilities, this information must include cross-references to specific manifest document numbers, if the waste was accompanied by a manifest;
(c) Records and results of waste analyses, waste determinations, and trial tests required by WAC 173-303-300, General waste analysis, and by 40 CFR sections 264.1034, 264.1063, 264.1083, 265.1034, 265.1063, 265.1084, 268.4(a), and 268.7;
(d) Summary reports and details of all incidents that require implementing the contingency plan, as specified in WAC 173-303-360 (2)(k);
(e) Records and results of inspections as required by WAC 173-303-320 (2)(d), General inspection (except such information need be kept only for five years);
(f) Monitoring, testing, or analytical data, and corrective
action where required by 40 CFR Part 265 Subparts F through R and
sections 265.1034(c) through (f), 265.1035, 265.1063(d) through
(i), ((and)) 265.1064, and 265.1083 through 265.1090 for interim
status facilities, and by WAC 173-303-630 through 173-303-695 and
40 CFR sections 264.1034(c) through (f), 264.1035, 264.1063(d)
through (i), ((and)) 264.1064, and 264.1082 through 264.1090 for
final status facilities;
(g) All closure and post-closure cost estimates required for the facility;
(h) For off-site facilities, copies of notices to generators informing them that the facility has all appropriate permits, as required by WAC 173-303-290, Required notices;
(i) Records of the quantities (and date of placement) for each shipment of hazardous waste placed in land disposal units under an extension to the effective date of any land disposal restriction granted pursuant to 40 CFR 268.5, a petition pursuant to 40 CFR 268.6, or a certification under 268.8, and the applicable notice required by a generator under 40 CFR 268.7(a);
(j) For an off-site treatment facility, a copy of the notice, and the certification and demonstration, if applicable, required by the generator or the owner or operator under 40 CFR 268.7 or 268.8;
(k) For an on-site treatment facility, the information contained in the notice (except the manifest number), and the certification and demonstration if applicable, required by the generator or the owner or operator under 40 CFR 268.7 or 268.8;
(l) For an off-site land disposal facility, a copy of the notice, and the certification and demonstration if applicable, required by the generator or the owner or operator of a treatment facility under 40 CFR 268.7 and 268.8, whichever is applicable;
(m) For an on-site land disposal facility, the information contained in the notice required by the generator or owner or operator of a treatment facility under 40 CFR 268.7, except for the manifest number, and the certification and demonstration if applicable, required under 40 CFR 268.8, whichever is applicable;
(n) For an off-site storage facility, a copy of the notice, and the certification and demonstration if applicable, required by the generator or the owner or operator under 40 CFR 268.7 or 268.8; and
(o) For an on-site storage facility, the information contained in the notice (except the manifest number), and the certification and demonstration if applicable, required by the generator or the owner or operator under 40 CFR 268.7 or 268.8.
(2) Recordkeeping instructions. This paragraph provides instructions for recording the portions of the operating record which are related to describing the types, quantities, and management of dangerous wastes at the facility. This information must be recorded, as it becomes available, and maintained in the operating record until closure of the facility, as follows:
(a) Each dangerous waste received, treated, stored, or disposed of at the facility must be described by its common name and by its dangerous waste number(s) from WAC 173-303-080 through 173-303-104. Each listed, characteristic, and criteria waste has its own four-digit dangerous waste number. Where a dangerous waste contains more than one process waste or waste constituent the waste description must include all applicable dangerous waste numbers. If the dangerous waste number is not listed, the waste description must include the process which generated the waste;
(b) The waste description must include the waste's physical form (i.e., liquid, solid, sludge, or contained gas);
(c) The estimated or manifest-reported weight, or volume and density, where applicable, of the dangerous waste must be recorded, using one of the units of measure specified in Table 1, below; and
Unit of Measure |
Code1 |
Gallons . . . . . . . . . . . . |
G |
| Gallons per Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . | E |
| Gallons per Day . . . . . . . . . . . . | U |
| Liters . . . . . . . . . . . . | L |
| Liters per Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . | H |
| Liters per Day . . . . . . . . . . . . | V |
| Short tons (2000 lbs) . . . . . . . . . . . . | T |
| Short Tons per Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . | D |
| Metric Tons per Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . | W |
| Short Tons per Day . . . . . . . . . . . . | N |
| Metric Tons per Day . . . . . . . . . . . . | S |
| Pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . | P |
| Pounds per Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . | J |
| Kilograms . . . . . . . . . . . . | K |
| Kilograms per Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . | R |
| Cubic yards . . . . . . . . . . . . | Y |
| Cubic meters . . . . . . . . . . . . | C |
| Acres . . . . . . . . . . . . | B |
| Acres-feet . . . . . . . . . . . . | A |
| Hectares . . . . . . . . . . . . | Q |
| Hectare-meter . . . . . . . . . . . . | F |
| Btu's per Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . |
I |
| Footnote: | 1Single-digit symbols are used here for data processing purposes. |
1. Storage
S01 Container (barrel, drum, etc.)
S02 Tank
S03 Waste pile
S04 Surface impoundment
S05 Drip Pad
S06 Containment Building (Storage)
S99 Other storage (specify)
2. Treatment
(a) Thermal Treatment
T06 Liquid injection incinerator
T07 Rotary kiln incinerator
T08 Fluidized bed incinerator
T09 Multiple hearth incinerator
T10 Infrared furnace incinerator
T11 Molten salt destructor
T12 Pyrolysis
T13 Wet air oxidation
T14 Calcination
T15 Microwave discharge
T18 Other (specify)
(b) Chemical treatment
T19 Absorption mound
T20 Absorption field
T21 Chemical fixation
T22 Chemical oxidation
T23 Chemical precipitation
T24 Chemical reduction
T25 Chlorination
T26 Chlorinolysis
T27 Cyanide destruction
T28 Degradation
T29 Detoxification
T30 Ion exchange
T31 Neutralization
T32 Ozonation
T33 Photolysis
T34 Other (specify)
(c) Physical treatment
(i) Separation of components
T35 Centrifugation
T36 Clarification
T37 Coagulation
T38 Decanting
T39 Encapsulation
T40 Filtration
T41 Flocculation
T42 Flotation
T43 Foaming
T44 Sedimentation
T45 Thickening
T46 Ultrafiltration
T47 Other (specify)
(ii) Removal of specific components
T48 Absorption-molecular sieve
T49 Activated carbon
T50 Blending
T51 Catalysis
T52 Crystallization
T53 Dialysis
T54 Distillation
T55 Electrodialysis
T56 Electrolysis
T57 Evaporation
T58 High gradient magnetic separation
T59 Leaching
T60 Liquid ion exchange
T61 Liquid-liquid extraction
T62 Reverse osmosis
T63 Solvent recovery
T64 Stripping
T65 Sand filter
T66 Other (specify)
(d) Biological treatment
T67 Activated sludge
T68 Aerobic lagoon
T69 Aerobic tank
T70 Anaerobic tank
T71 Composting
T72 Septic tank
T73 Spray irrigation
T74 Thickening filter
T75 Trickling filter
T76 Waste stabilization pond
T77 Other (specify)
T78-79 (Reserved)
(e) Boilers and industrial furnaces
T80 Boiler
T81 Cement kiln
T82 Lime kiln
T83 Aggregate kiln
T84 Phosphate kiln
T85 Coke oven
T86 Blast furnace
T87 Smelting, melting, or refining furnace
T88 Titanium dioxide chloride process oxidation
reactor
T89 Methane reforming furnace
T90 Pulping liquor recovery furnace
T91 Combustion device used in the recovery of
sulfur values from spent sulfuric acid
T92 Halogen acid furnaces
T93 Other industrial furnaces listed in WAC
173-303-040 (specify)
(f) Other treatment
T94 Containment building (treatment)
3. Disposal
D79 Underground injection
D80 Landfill
D81 Land treatment
D82 Ocean disposal
D83 Surface impoundment
(to be closed as a landfill)
D99 Other disposal (specify)
4. Miscellaneous (Subpart X)
X01 Open burning/open detonation
X02 Mechanical processing
X03 Thermal unit
X04 Geologic repository
X99 Other Subpart X (specify)
(3) Availability, retention and disposition of records.
(a) All facility records, including plans, required by this chapter must be furnished upon request, and made available at all reasonable times for inspection, by any officer, employee, or representative of the department who is designated by the director.
(b) The retention period for all facility records required under this chapter is extended automatically during the course of any unresolved enforcement action regarding the facility or as requested by the director.
(c) A copy of records of waste disposal locations and quantities under this section must be submitted to the United States EPA regional administrator, the department, and the local land use and planning authority upon closure of the facility.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-380, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-380, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-380, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-380, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-380, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-380, filed 2/10/82. Formerly chapter 173-302 WAC.]
The owner or operator of a facility is responsible for preparing and submitting the reports described in this section.
(1) Unmanifested waste reports. If a facility accepts any dangerous waste from an off-site source without an accompanying manifest or shipping paper, and if the waste is not excluded from the manifest requirements of this chapter 173-303 WAC, then the owner or operator must prepare and submit a single copy of a report to the department within fifteen days after receiving the waste. The report form and instructions in the Unmanifested Dangerous Waste Report - Form 6 (which may be obtained from the department) must be used for this report. The report must include at least the following information:
(a) The EPA/state identification number, name, and address of the facility;
(b) The date the facility received the waste;
(c) The EPA/state identification number, name, and address of the generator and the transporter, if available;
(d) A description and the quantity of each unmanifested dangerous waste the facility received;
(e) The method of management for each dangerous waste;
(f) The certification signed by the owner or operator of the facility or his authorized representative; and
(g) A brief explanation of why the waste was unmanifested, if known.
(2) Annual reports. The owner or operator of a facility that holds an active EPA/state identification number must prepare and submit a single copy of an annual report to the department by March 1 of each year. The report form and instructions in the Dangerous Waste Annual Report (which may be obtained from the department) must be used for this report. In addition, any facility which ships dangerous waste off-site must comply with the annual reporting requirements of WAC 173-303-220. The annual report must cover facility activities during the previous calendar year and must include, but is not limited to the following information:
(a) The EPA/state identification number, name, and address of the facility;
(b) The calendar year covered by the report;
(c) For off-site facilities, the EPA/state identification number of each dangerous waste generator from which the facility received a dangerous waste during the year. For imported shipments, the report must give the name and address of the foreign generator;
(d) A description and the quantity of each dangerous waste the facility received during the year. For off-site facilities, this information must be listed by EPA/state identification number of each generator;
(e) The method of treatment, storage, or disposal for each dangerous waste;
(f) The most recent closure cost estimate under WAC 173-303-620(3) (or 40 CFR 265.142 for interim status facilities), and for disposal facilities, the most recent post-closure cost estimate under WAC 173-303-620(5) (or 40 CFR 265.144 for interim status facilities); and
(g) The certification signed in accordance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-810(12).
(3) Additional reports. The owner or operator must report to the department:
(a) Releases of dangerous wastes, fires, and explosions as
specified in WAC 173-303-360 (2)(k)((, facility closures
specified in WAC 173-303-610(6)));
(b) Interim status ground water monitoring data, as specified in 40 CFR 265.94 (a)(2) and (b)(2);
(c) Facility closures specified in WAC 173-303-610(6); and
(d) As otherwise required by WAC 173-303-645 through
173-303-665, WAC 173-303-690 through ((173-303-691)) 173-303-692,
and WAC 173-303-400.
The owner or operator must also submit any other reports (including engineering reports, plans, and specifications) required by the department.
(4) Recordkeeping. The owner/operator of a facility must keep a copy of all unmanifested waste reports, annual reports, and any other reports submitted to the department according to the requirements of this section for a period of three years from the date the report was submitted. Note that some records must be kept until closure of the facility as otherwise required under WAC 173-303-380.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-390, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-390, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-390, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-390, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-390, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-390, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Purpose. The purpose of WAC 173-303-400 is to establish standards which define the acceptable management of dangerous waste during the period of interim status and until certification of final closure or, if the facility is subject to post-closure requirements, until post-closure responsibilities are fulfilled.
(2) Applicability.
(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 265.1080(b), the interim
status standards apply to owners and operators of facilities
((which)) that treat, store, transfer, and/or dispose of
dangerous waste. For purposes of this section, interim status
applies to all facilities ((which)) that comply fully with the
requirements for interim status under Section 3005(e) of the
Federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act or WAC 173-303-805. The interim status standards also apply to those
owners and operators of facilities in existence on November 19,
1980, for RCRA wastes and those facilities in existence on August
9, 1982, for state only wastes who have failed to provide the
required notification pursuant to WAC 173-303-060 or failed to
file Part A of the permit application pursuant to WAC 173-303-805
(4) and (5). Interim status will end after final administrative
disposition of the Part B permit application is completed, or may
be terminated for the causes described in WAC 173-303-805(8).
(b) Interim status facilities must meet the interim status standards by November 19, 1980, except that:
(i) Interim status facilities which handle only state designated wastes (i.e., not designated by 40 CFR Part 261) must meet the interim status standards by August 9, 1982; and
(ii) Interim status facilities must comply with the additional state interim status requirements specified in subsection (3)(c)(ii), (iii) and (v), of this section, by August 9, 1982.
(c) The requirements of the interim status standards do not apply to:
(i) Persons disposing of dangerous waste subject to a permit issued under the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act;
(ii) Reserved;
(iii) The owner or operator of a POTW who treats, stores, or disposes of dangerous wastes, provided that he has a permit by rule pursuant to the requirements of WAC 173-303-802(4);
(iv) The owner or operator of a totally enclosed treatment facility or elementary neutralization or wastewater treatment units as defined in WAC 173-303-040, provided that he has a permit by rule pursuant to the requirements of WAC 173-303-802(5);
(v) Generators accumulating waste for less than ninety days except to the extent WAC 173-303-200 provides otherwise;
(vi) The addition, by a generator, of absorbent material to waste in a container, or of waste to absorbent material in a container, provided that these actions occur at the time the waste is first placed in containers or, in the case of repackaging of previously containerized waste into new containers, at the time the waste is first placed into the new containers and the generator complies with WAC 173-303-200 (1)(b) and 173-303-395 (1)(a) and (b);
(vii) The compaction or sorting, by a generator, of miscellaneous waste forms such as cans, rags, and bottles in a container, so long as the activity is solely for the purpose of reducing waste void space, and so long as these activities are conducted in a manner that protects human health and prevents any release to the environment and the generator complies with WAC 173-303-200 (1)(b) and 173-303-395 (1)(a) and (b);
(viii) Generators treating dangerous waste on-site in tanks, containers, or containment buildings that are used for accumulation of such wastes provided the generator complies with the WAC 173-303-170(3);
(ix) The owner or operator of an elementary neutralization unit or a wastewater treatment unit as defined in WAC 173-303-040, provided that if the owner or operator is diluting hazardous ignitable (D001) wastes (other than the D001 High TOC Subcategory defined in 40 CFR section 268.40, Table Treatment Standards for Hazardous Wastes), or reactive (D003) waste, to remove the characteristic before land disposal, the owner/operator must comply with the requirements set out in WAC 173-303-395 (1)(a); and
(x) Any person, other than an owner or operator who is already subject to the final facility standards, who is carrying out an immediate or emergency response to contain or treat a discharge or potential discharge of a dangerous waste or hazardous substance.
(xi) Universal waste handlers and universal waste transporters (as defined in WAC 173-303-040) handling the wastes listed below. These handlers are subject to regulation under WAC 173-303-573, when handling the below listed universal wastes.
(A) Batteries as described in WAC 173-303-573(2); and
(B) Thermostats as described in WAC 173-303-573(3).
(C) Lamps as described in WAC 173-303-573(5).
(xii) WAC 173-303-578 identifies when the requirements of this section apply to the storage of military munitions classified as solid waste under WAC 173-303-578(2). The treatment and disposal of dangerous waste military munitions are subject to the applicable permitting, procedural, and technical standards in this chapter.
(xiii)(A) Except as provided in (c)(xiii)(B) of this subsection, a person engaged in treatment or containment activities during immediate response to any of the following situations:
(I) A discharge of a dangerous waste;
(II) An imminent and substantial threat of a discharge of dangerous waste;
(III) A discharge of a material that, when discharged, becomes a dangerous waste;
(IV) An immediate threat to human health, public safety, property, or the environment, from the known or suspected presence of military munitions, other explosive material, or an explosive device, as determined by an explosive or munitions emergency response specialist as defined in WAC 173-303-040.
(B) An owner or operator of a facility otherwise regulated by WAC 173-303-600 must comply with all applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-340 and 173-303-350.
(C) Any person who is covered by (c)(xiii)(A) of this section and who continues or initiates dangerous waste treatment or containment activities after the immediate response is over is subject to all applicable requirements of this chapter for those activities.
(D) In the case of an explosives or munitions emergency response, if a federal, state, tribal or local official acting within the scope of his or her official responsibilities, or an explosives or munitions emergency response specialist, determines that immediate removal of the material or waste is necessary to protect human health or the environment, that official or specialist may authorize the removal of the material or waste by transporters who do not have EPA/state identification numbers and without the preparation of a manifest. In the case of emergencies involving military munitions, the responding military emergency response specialist's organizational unit must retain records for three years identifying the dates of the response, the responsible persons responding, the type and description of material addressed, and its disposition.
(3) Standards.
(a) Interim status standards are the standards set forth by
the Environmental Protection Agency in 40 CFR Part 265 Section
265.19 of Subpart B, Subparts F through R, Subpart W, ((and))
Subparts AA, BB, ((and)) CC (including references to 40 CFR Parts
60, 61, and 63), DD, EE, and Appendix VI, which are incorporated
by reference into this regulation (including, by reference, any
EPA requirements specified in those subparts which are not
otherwise explicitly described in this chapter), and:
(i) The land disposal restrictions of WAC 173-303-140; the facility requirements of WAC 173-303-280 through 173-303-440 except WAC 173-303-335; and the corrective action requirements of WAC 173-303-646;
(ii) WAC 173-303-630(3), for containers. In addition, for container storage, the department may require that the storage area include secondary containment in accordance with WAC 173-303-630(7), if the department determines that there is a potential threat to public health or the environment due to the nature of the wastes being stored, or due to a history of spills or releases from stored containers. Any new container storage areas constructed or installed after September 30, 1986, must comply with the provisions of WAC 173-303-630(7).
(iii) WAC 173-303-640 (5)(d), for tanks; and
(iv) WAC 173-303-805.
(b) For purposes of applying the interim status standards of
40 CFR Part 265 Subparts F through R, Subpart W, and Subparts AA,
BB, ((and DD)) CC, DD, and EE to the state of Washington
facilities, the federal terms have (and in the case of the
wording used in the financial instruments referenced in Subpart H
of Part 265, must be replaced with) the following state of
Washington meanings:
(i) "Regional administrator" means the "department" except for 40 CFR Parts 270.2; 270.3; 270.5; 270.10 (e)(1),(2) and (4); 270.10 (f) and (g); 270.11 (a)(3); 270.14 (b)(20); 270.32 (b)(2); and 270.51;
(ii) "Hazardous" means "dangerous" except for Subparts AA, BB, and DD. These subparts apply only to hazardous waste as defined in WAC 173-303-040;
(iii) "Compliance procedure" has the meaning set forth in WAC 173-303-040, Definitions;
(iv) "EPA hazardous waste numbers" mean "dangerous waste numbers".
(c) In addition to the changes described in (b) of this
subsection, the following modifications are made to interim
status standards of 40 CFR Part 265 Subparts F through R, Subpart
W, and Subparts AA, BB, ((and DD)) CC, DD, and EE:
(i) The words "the effective date of these regulations" means:
(A) November 19, 1980, for facilities which manage any wastes designated by 40 CFR Part 261;
(B) For wastes which become designated by 40 CFR Part 261 subsequent to November 19, 1980, the effective date is the date on which the wastes become regulated;
(C) March 12, 1982, for facilities which manage wastes designated only by WAC 173-303-080 through 173-303-100 and not designated by 40 CFR Part 261;
(D) For wastes which become designated only by WAC 173-303-080 through 173-303-100 and not designated by 40 CFR Part 261 subsequent to March 12, 1982, the effective date is the date on which the wastes become regulated.
(ii) "Subpart N - landfills" has an additional section added which reads: "An owner/operator must not landfill an organic carcinogen or an EHW, as defined by WAC 173-303-080 through 173-303-100, except at the EHW facility at Hanford";
(iii) "Subpart R - underground injection" has an additional section which reads: "Owners and operators of wells are prohibited from disposing of EHW or an organic carcinogen designated under WAC 173-303-080 through 173-303-100";
(iv) "Subpart M - land treatment," section 265.273(b) is modified to replace the words "Part 261, Subpart D of this chapter" with "WAC 173-303-080";
(v) "Subpart F - ground water monitoring," section 265.91(c) includes the requirement that: "Ground water monitoring wells must be designed, constructed, and operated so as to prevent ground water contamination. Chapter 173-160 WAC may be used as guidance in the installation of wells";
(vi) "Subpart H - financial requirements" has an additional section which reads: "Any owner or operator who can provide financial assurances and instruments which satisfy the requirements of WAC 173-303-620 will be deemed to be in compliance with 40 CFR Part 265 Subpart H". In 40 CFR Parts 265.143(g) and 265.145(g) the following sentence does not apply to the state: "If the facilities covered by the mechanisms are in more than one Region, identical evidence of financial assurance must be submitted to, and maintained with the Regional Administrators of all such Regions." Instead, the following sentence applies: "If the facilities covered by the mechanism are in more than one state, identical evidence of financial assurance must be submitted to and maintained with the state agency regulating hazardous waste or with the appropriate regional administrator if the facility is located in an unauthorized state." In addition, the following sections and any cross-reference to these sections are not incorporated by reference: 40 CFR Parts 265.149 and 265.150; and
(vii) "Subpart J - tank systems" section 265.193(a) is modified so that the dates by which secondary containment (which meets the requirements of that section) must be provided are the same as the dates in WAC 173-303-640 (4)(a).
(viii) "Subpart J - tank systems" section 265.191(a) is modified so that the date by which an assessment of a tank system's integrity must be completed is January 12, 1990.
(ix) "Subpart G - closure and post-closure" section 265.115 is modified to read "Within 60 days of completion of closure of each dangerous waste management unit (including tank systems and container storage areas) and within 60 days of completion of final closure..." In addition, the clean-up levels for removal or decontamination set forth at WAC 173-303-610 (2)(b) apply.
(x) "Subpart B - general facility standards. References to "EPA" (etc.), means the "department" except at 40 CFR 265.11. Additionally, references to "administrator" (etc.), means the "director" except at 40 CFR 265.12(a)."
(xi) The following sections and any cross-reference to these sections are not incorporated or adopted by reference:
(A) 40 CFR Parts 260.1 (b)(4)-(6) and 260.20-22.
(B) 40 CFR Parts 264.1 (d) and (f); 265.1 (c)(4); 264.149-150 and 265.149-150; 264.301(k); and 265.430.
(C) 40 CFR Parts 268.5 and 6; 268 Subpart B; ((and))
268.42(b); and 268.44 except for 268.44(h).
(D) 40 CFR Parts 270.1 (c)(1)(i); 270.60(b); and 270.64.
(E) 40 CFR Parts 124.1 (b)-(e); 124.4; 124.5(e); 124.9; 124.10 (a)(1)(iv); 124.12(e); 124.14(d); 124.15 (b)(2); 124.16; 124.17(b); 124.18; 124.19; and 124.21.
(F) 40 CFR Parts 2.106(b); 2.202(b); 2.205(i); 2.209 (b)-(c); 2.212-213; and 2.301-311.
(G) 40 CFR 265.110(c) and 40 CFR 265.121.
(xii) "Subpart EE - Hazardous waste munitions and explosives storage." The first sentence at 40 CFR 265.1202 is modified to exclude the exception for hazardous wastes managed under 261.3(d).
(4) The requirements of this section apply to owners or operators of all facilities that treat, store or dispose of hazardous waste referred to in 40 CFR Part 268, and the 40 CFR Part 268 standards are considered material conditions or requirements of the interim status standards incorporated by reference in subsection (3) of this section.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-400, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-400, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-400, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-400, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-400, filed 1/4/89; 88-02-057 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-400, filed 1/5/88, effective 2/5/88; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-400, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-400, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-400, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-400, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Applicability.
(a) This section applies to recyclable materials that are applied to or placed on the land:
(i) Without mixing with any other substance(s); or
(ii) After mixing or combining with any other substance(s). These materials will be referred to as "materials used in a manner that constitutes disposal."
(b)(i) Products produced for the general public's use that
are used in a manner that constitutes disposal and that contain
recyclable materials are not presently subject to regulation if
the recyclable materials have undergone a chemical reaction in
the course of producing the product so as to become inseparable
by physical means and if such products meet the applicable
treatment standards in 40 CFR Part 268 Subpart D (or applicable
prohibition levels in 268.32 or RCRA section 3004(d), where no
treatment standards have been established) for each recyclable
material (i.e., hazardous waste) that they contain. Registered
commercial fertilizers that are produced for the general public's
use that contain recyclable materials also are not subject to
regulation provided they meet these same treatment standards or
prohibition levels for each recyclable material that they
contain. ((However, zinc-containing fertilizers using hazardous
waste K061 that are produced for the general public's use are not
presently subject to regulation.)) For the purpose of
implementation of this section, fertilizers that contain
recyclable material derived from state-only waste must also meet
the treatment standards in 40 CFR Part 268 Subpart D that apply
to the characteristics of dangerous waste that the state-only
waste exhibits. The prohibition levels for fertilizer using K061,
in mg/l, are as follows: Arsenic, 5.0; Barium, 100.0; Cadmium,
1.0; Chromium (Total), 5.0; Lead, 5.0; Mercury, 0.20; Selenium,
5.7; and Silver, 5.0. The department may recommend registration
under chapter 15.54 RCW for a waste-derived fertilizer (including
fertilizers that contain recyclable material) or micronutrient
fertilizer: Provided, That the registrant submits the
information described in (b)(i)(A) or (B) of this subsection:
(A) Initial Criteria.
(I) The applicable Land Disposal Restriction (LDR) Certification as described in 40 CFR Part 268, or total metals data that indicate the product contains less than twenty times the maximum concentrations for TCLP metals described in WAC 173-303-090(8); and
(II) Total Halogenated Organic Compounds (HOC) test data that indicate the product contains less than 1% total HOC; and
(III) Total Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) test data that indicate the product contains less than 1% total PAH.
(B) Secondary Criteria.
(I) A complete description of the fertilizer manufacturing process, including the location of the manufacturing facility; and
(II) A complete list of all ingredients used in manufacturing the fertilizer and a complete description of the sources of those ingredients, including a description of the original process and location for each of those ingredients; and
(III) Evidence that any waste(s) used in manufacturing the product does not designate as dangerous waste according to procedures described in WAC 173-303-070; and
(IV) Other information as required by the department.
(ii) Anti-skid/deicing uses of slags, which are generated from high temperature metals recovery (HTMR) processing of dangerous waste K061, K062, and F006, in a manner constituting disposal are not covered by the exemption in (b)(i) of this subsection and remain subject to regulation.
(2) Recyclable materials used in a manner that constitutes disposal are dangerous wastes and are subject to the following requirements:
(a) For generators, WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230;
(b) For transporters, WAC 173-303-240 through 173-303-270; and
(c) For facilities that store or use dangerous wastes in a manner constituting disposal, the applicable requirements of 40 CFR Part 268 (incorporated by reference in WAC 173-303-140 (2)(a) and 173-303-280 through 173-303-840 (except that users of such products are not subject to these standards if the products meet the requirements of subsection (1)(b) of this section).
(d) The use of waste oil, used oil, or other material that is contaminated with dioxin or any other dangerous waste for dust suppression or road treatment is prohibited.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-505, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-505, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-505, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-505, filed 1/4/89; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-505, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-505, filed 4/18/84.]
(1) Applicability.
(a) This section applies to generators, marketers, transporters, blenders, and burners of dangerous waste fuels that are to be burned for energy recovery in any boiler or industrial furnace that is not regulated under Subpart O of 40 CFR Part 265 or WAC 173-303-670, except as provided by (b) of this subsection. These regulations do not apply to gas recovered from dangerous waste management activities when such gas is burned for energy recovery. Note: (This note is a reminder that all generators, transporters, and burners of federally regulated hazardous waste fuels that are to be burned for energy recovery, and all storage facility owners and operators of facilities that store dangerous waste that is burned in a boiler or industrial furnace must comply with the requirements of 40 CFR Part 266 Subpart H.)
(b) The following dangerous wastes are not subject to regulation under this section:
(i) Used oil burned for energy recovery if it is a dangerous waste because it:
(A) Exhibits a characteristic of dangerous waste identified in WAC 173-303-090; or
(B) Is designated as DW only through the criteria of WAC 173-303-100; or
(C) Is a dangerous waste designated solely as W001.
Such used oil is subject to regulation under WAC 173-303-515 rather than this section.
Note: Used oil burned for energy recovery containing a listed waste (unless such listed waste is only state source W001) or a waste designated as EHW through the criteria of WAC 173-303-100 (a) and (b) is subject to this section.
(ii) (Reserved.)
(2) Definitions. Any terms used in this section that are not defined below have the meanings provided in WAC 173-303-040. For the purposes of this section, the following terms have the described meanings:
(a) "Dangerous waste fuel" means dangerous waste burned or to be burned for energy recovery. Fuel produced from dangerous waste by processing, blending, or other treatment is also dangerous waste fuel.
(b) "Distributor" means persons who distribute but do not process or blend dangerous waste fuel. Distributors may broker fuel by arranging for the final disposition of the fuel. Distributors are regulated under subsection (6) of this section.
(c) "Blender" means persons who produce, process, or blend fuel from dangerous wastes. Blenders are regulated under subsection (7) of this section.
(d) "Marketer" means persons who are:
(i) Generators who market dangerous waste fuel directly to a burner. Generators are regulated under subsection (4) of this section;
(ii) Distributors, regulated under subsection (6) of this section;
(iii) Blenders, regulated under subsection (7) of this section.
(3) Prohibitions.
(a) A person may market dangerous waste fuel only:
(i) To persons, in state, who have notified the department of their dangerous waste fuel activities under WAC 173-303-060 and have an EPA/state identification number or to out-of-state marketers or burners who have notified the EPA or authorized state agency and who have an EPA/state identification number; and
(ii) When marketed to a burner, to persons who burn the fuel in boilers or industrial furnaces identified in (b) of this subsection.
(b) Dangerous waste fuel may be burned for energy recovery in the following devices only;
(i) Industrial furnaces identified in WAC 173-303-040;
(ii) Boilers, as defined in WAC 173-303-040, that are identified as follows:
(A) Industrial boilers located on the site of a facility engaged in a manufacturing process where substances are transformed into new products, including the component parts of products, by mechanical or chemical processes; or
(B) Utility boilers used to produce electric power, steam, or heated or cooled air or other gases or fluids for sale.
(c) No fuel which contains any dangerous waste may be burned in any cement kiln which is located within the boundaries of any incorporated municipality with a population greater than five hundred thousand (based on the most recent census statistics) unless such kiln fully complies with regulations under this chapter that are applicable to incinerators.
(4) Standards applicable to generators of dangerous waste fuel.
(a) All generators of dangerous waste that is used as a fuel or used to produce a fuel are subject to WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(b) Generators who are marketers. Generators are marketers if they send their waste fuel directly to a burner. Generators who are marketers must:
(i) Prohibitions. Comply with the prohibitions under subsection (3) of this subsection.
(ii) Notification. Comply with the notification requirements under WAC 173-303-060 for dangerous waste fuel activities. Generators who have previously notified the department of their dangerous waste management activities and obtained an EPA/state identification number, must renotify to identify their dangerous waste fuel activities.
(iii) Accumulation. Comply with accumulation requirements of WAC 173-303-200 or 173-303-201.
(iv) Storage. For generators who have interim or final status and exceed the accumulation time frames referenced in (b)(iii) of this subsection, comply with the storage provisions of:
(A) WAC 173-303-280 through 173-303-395; and
(B) WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840; and
(C) WAC 173-303-400 for interim status facilities or WAC 173-303-600 through ((173-303-691)) 173-303-692 for final status
facilities.
(v) Required notice. Obtain, prior to initiating the first shipment of dangerous waste fuel, a one time written and signed certification notice from the burner certifying that:
(A) The burner has notified as described under subsection (3) of this subsection; and
(B) The burner will burn the dangerous waste fuel only in an industrial furnace or boiler identified in subsection (3)(b) of this subsection.
(vi) Recordkeeping. Keep a copy of each certification notice received for at least five years from the date of the last dangerous waste fuel shipment to the burner who sent such notice.
(c) Generators who are burners also are subject to subsection (8) of this section.
(5) Standards applicable to transporters of dangerous waste fuel. Transporters of dangerous waste fuel (and dangerous waste that is used to produce a fuel) are subject to the requirements of WAC 173-303-240 through 173-303-270.
(6) Standards applicable to distributors of dangerous waste fuel.
(a) Prohibitions. The prohibitions under subsection (3) of this section;
(b) Notification. Notification requirements under WAC 173-303-060 for dangerous waste fuel activities. Distributors who have previously notified the department of their dangerous waste management activities and obtained an EPA/state identification number, must renotify to identify their dangerous waste fuel activities.
(c) Storage. Distributors who store dangerous waste fuels must comply with the applicable storage provisions of:
(i) WAC 173-303-280 through 173-303-395; and
(ii) WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840; and
(iii) WAC 173-303-400 for interim status facilities or WAC 173-303-600 through ((173-303-691)) 173-303-692 for final status
facilities;
(iv) The standards for generators in WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(d) Off-site shipment. A distributor must meet the standards for generators in WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230 when the distributor initiates a shipment of dangerous waste fuel. Except that a distributor may not accumulate dangerous waste fuels under the accumulation provisions of WAC 173-303-200 or 173-303-201;
(e) Required notices.
(i) Before initiating the first shipment of dangerous waste fuel to another distributor, a blender, or a burner, a distributor must obtain a one-time written and signed certification notice from the distributor, blender, or burner certifying that:
(A) The burner, distributor, or blender has notified as described under subsection (3) of this section; and
(B) If the recipient is a burner, the burner will burn the dangerous waste fuel only in an industrial furnace or boiler identified in subsection (3)(b) of this section.
(ii) Before accepting the first shipment of dangerous waste fuel from another distributor or blender, the distributor must provide the other distributor or blender with a one-time written and signed certification that the distributor has complied with the notification requirements described in subsection (3) of this section; and
(f) Recordkeeping. A distributor must keep a copy of each certification notice received or sent for at least five years from the date the distributor last engaged in a dangerous waste fuel marketing transaction with the person who sent or received the certification notice.
(7) Standards applicable to blenders of dangerous waste fuels.
(a) Prohibitions. The prohibitions under subsection (3) of this section.
(b) Notification. Notification requirements under WAC 173-303-060 for dangerous waste fuel activities. Blenders who have previously notified the department of their dangerous waste management activities and obtained an EPA/state identification number, must renotify to identify their dangerous waste fuel activities.
(c) Facility. For tanks, containers, or other units used to hold dangerous waste prior to blending or processing; for blending or processing tanks, containers, or other units; and for tanks, containers, or other units, used to hold blended or processed fuel, blenders must comply with the applicable provisions of:
(i) WAC 173-303-280 through 173-303-395; and
(ii) WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840; and
(iii) WAC 173-303-400 for interim status facilities or WAC 173-303-600 through ((173-303-691)) 173-303-692 for final status
facilities;
(d) Off-site shipment. The standards for generators in WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230 when a blender initiates a shipment of dangerous waste fuel, except that a blender may not accumulate dangerous waste fuels under the accumulation provisions of WAC 173-303-200 or 173-303-201;
(e) Required notices.
(i) Before initiating the first shipment of dangerous waste fuel to another blender, a distributor, or a burner, a blender must obtain a one-time written and signed certification notice from the blender, distributor, or burner certifying that:
(A) The burner, distributor, or blender has notified as described under subsection (3) of this section; and
(B) If the recipient is a burner, the burner will burn the dangerous waste fuel only in an industrial furnace or boiler identified in subsection (3)(b) of this section.
(ii) Before accepting the first shipment of dangerous waste fuel from another blender or distributor, the blender must provide the other blender or distributor with a one-time written and signed certification that the blender has complied with the notification requirements described in subsection (3) of this section; and
(f) Recordkeeping. A blender must keep a copy of each certification notice received or sent for at least five years from the date the blender last engaged in a dangerous waste fuel marketing transaction with the person who sent or received the certification notice.
(8) Standards applicable to burners of dangerous waste fuel.
Owners and operators of industrial furnaces and boilers identified in subsection (3)(b) of this section must comply with:
(a) Prohibitions. The prohibitions under subsection (3) of this section;
(b) Notification. Notification requirements under WAC 173-303-060 for dangerous waste fuel activities. A burner who has previously notified the department of dangerous waste management activities and obtained an EPA/state identification number, must renotify to identify the dangerous waste fuel activities;
(c) Storage.
(i) For short term accumulation by generators who burn their dangerous waste fuel on-site, the applicable provisions of WAC 173-303-200 or 173-303-201.
(ii) For all burners who store dangerous waste fuel, the applicable storage provisions of:
(A) WAC 173-303-280 through 173-303-395;
(B) WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840; and
(C) WAC 173-303-400 for interim status facilities or WAC 173-303-600 through ((173-303-691)) 173-303-692 for final status
facilities (the air emission requirements do not apply to burners
that meet the small quantity burner exemption at 40 CFR 266.101);
(d) Required notices. Before a burner accepts the first shipment of dangerous waste fuel from a distributor, or a blender, or a generator the burner must provide the distributor, or the blender, or the generator a one-time written and signed notice certifying that:
(i) The burner has notified as described under subsection (3) of this section; and
(ii) The dangerous waste fuel will only be burned in an industrial furnace or boiler identified in subsection (3)(b) of this section.
(e) Recordkeeping. In addition to the applicable recordkeeping requirements of WAC 173-303-380, a burner must keep a copy of each certification notice sent for at least five years from the date the burner last receives dangerous waste fuel from the person who received the certification notice.
(f) Local requirements. Any person who burns dangerous waste for energy recovery must comply with air emission requirements of the local air pollution control authority (or department of ecology if no local authority with jurisdiction exists).
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-510, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-510, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-510, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 88-18-083 (Order 88-29), § 173-303-510, filed 9/6/88; 88-07-039 (Order 87-37), § 173-303-510, filed 3/11/88; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-510, filed 6/3/86; 84-14-031 (Order DE 84-22), § 173-303-510, filed 6/27/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-510, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) ((Applicability.
(a) This section applies to used oil that is burned for energy recovery in any boiler or industrial furnace that is not regulated under Subpart O of 40 CFR Part 265 or WAC 173-303-670, if such used oil:
(i) Exhibits any characteristic of a dangerous waste identified in WAC 173-303-090; or
(ii) Is designated as DW solely through WAC 173-303-100; or
(iii) Is designated solely as W001.
(b)(i) This section does not apply to used oil burned for energy recovery that is mixed with a listed waste (except as provided in (a)(iii) of this subsection) or that is designated as EHW through WAC 173-303-100. Such used oil is subject to the requirements of WAC 173-303-510.
(ii) Used oil containing more than 1000 ppm of total halogens is presumed to be a dangerous waste because it has been mixed with halogenated dangerous waste listed in WAC 173-303-9903 or 173-303-9904. Such dangerous wastes are subject to the requirements of WAC 173-303-510. Persons may rebut this presumption by demonstrating that the used oil does not contain dangerous waste (for example, by showing that the used oil does not contain significant concentrations of halogenated dangerous constituents listed in WAC 173-303-9905).
(iii) This section does not apply to used oil that is designated for any reason other than being listed as W001 if such used oil is burned for energy recovery by the generator of the used oil in his own marine or diesel engines.
(c) If a used oil subject to this section does not exceed any of the specifications of Table 1, it is subject only to the analysis and recordkeeping requirements under subsection (4)(b)(i) and (vi) of this section; otherwise, it is subject to all applicable provisions of this section.
(d) For the purposes of this chapter:
(i) "Used oil" means any oil that has been refined from crude oil, used, and, as a result of such use, is contaminated by physical or chemical impurities;
(ii) Used oil fuel includes any fuel produced from used oil by processing, blending, or other treatments;
(iii) Used oil fuel that exceeds any specification level (described in Table 1) is termed "off-specification used oil fuel."
Constituent/property |
Allowable level |
Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . |
5 ppm maximum |
| Used oil containing more than 1,000 ppm total halogens is presumed to be a dangerous waste under the rebuttable presumption provided under (b)(ii) of this subsection. Such used oil is subject to WAC 173-303-510 rather than this section when burned for energy recovery unless the presumption of mixing can be successfully rebutted.)) |
(2) Prohibitions.
(a) A person may market off-specification used oil for energy recovery only:
(i) To burners or other marketers who have notified the department of their used oil management activities stating the location and general description of such activities, and who have an EPA/state identification number; and
(ii) To burners who burn the used oil in an industrial furnace or boiler identified in (b) of this subsection.
(b) Off-specification used oil may be burned for energy recovery in only the following devices:
(i) Industrial furnaces identified in WAC 173-303-040; or
(ii) Boilers, as defined in WAC 173-303-040 that are identified as follows:
(A) Industrial boilers located on the site of a facility engaged in a manufacturing process where substances are transformed into new products, including the component parts of products, by mechanical or chemical processes;
(B) Utility boilers used to produce electric power, steam, or heated or cooled air or other gases or fluids for sale; or
(C) Used oil-fired space heaters provided that:
(I) The heater burns only used oil that the owner or operator generates or used oil received from do-it-yourself oil changers who generate used oil as household waste;
(II) The heater is designed to have a maximum capacity of not more than 0.5 million Btu per hour; and
(III) The combustion gases from the heater are vented to the ambient air.
(3) Standards applicable to generators of used oil burned for energy recovery.
(a) Except as provided in (b) and (c) of this subsection generators of used oil are not subject to this section.
(b) Generators who market used oil directly to a burner are subject to subsection (4) of this section.
(c) Generators who burn used oil are subject to subsection (5) of this section.
(4) Standards applicable to marketers of used oil burned for energy recovery.
(a) Persons who market used oil fuel are termed "marketers." Except as provided below, marketers include generators who market used oil fuel directly to a burner, persons who receive used oil from generators and produce, process, or blend used oil fuel from these used oils. However, the following persons are not marketers subject to this section:
(i) Used oil generators, and collectors who transport used oil received only from generators, unless the generator or collector markets the used oil directly to a person who burns it for energy recovery. However, persons who burn some used oil fuel for purposes of processing or other treatment to produce used oil fuel for marketing are considered to be burning incidentally to processing. Thus, generators and collectors who market to such incidental burners are not marketers subject to this section;
(ii) Persons who market only used oil fuel that meets the specification under Table 1 of subsection (1) of this section and who are not the first person to claim the oil meets the specification (i.e., marketers who do not receive used oil from generators or initial transporters and marketers who neither receive nor market off-specification used oil fuel).
(b) Marketers are subject to the following requirements:
(i) Analysis of used oil fuel. Used oil fuel is subject to regulation under this section unless the marketer obtains analyses or other information documenting that the used oil fuel meets the specification provided under Table 1 of subsection (1) of this section.
(ii) Prohibitions. The prohibitions under subsection (2)(a) of this section;
(iii) Notification. Notification to the department stating the location and general description of used oil management activities. Even if a marketer has previously notified the department of his dangerous waste management activities under WAC 173-303-060 and obtained an EPA/state identification number, he must renotify to identify his used oil management activities.
(iv) Invoice system. When a marketer initiates a shipment of off-specification used oil, he must prepare and send the receiving facility an invoice containing the following information:
(A) An invoice number;
(B) His own EPA/state identification number and the EPA/state identification number of the receiving facility;
(C) The names and addresses of the shipping and receiving facilities;
(D) The quantity of off-specification used oil to be delivered;
(E) The date(s) of shipment or delivery; and
(F) The following statement: "This used oil subject to Washington state department of ecology regulation under WAC 173-303-515;
(A) Before a marketer initiates the first shipment of off-specification used oil to a burner or other marketer, he must obtain a one-time written and signed notice from the burner or marketer certifying that:
(I) The burner or marketer has notified the department stating the location and general description of his used oil management activities; and
(II) If the recipient is a burner, the burner will burn the off-specification used oil only in an industrial furnace or boiler identified in subsection (2)(b) of this section; and
(B) Before a marketer accepts the first shipment of off-specification used oil from another marketer subject to the requirements of this subsection, he must provide the marketer with a one-time written and signed notice certifying that he has notified the department of his used oil management activities; and
(vi) Recordkeeping.
(A) Used oil fuel that meets the specification. A marketer who first claims under (b)(i) of this subsection that used oil fuel meets the specification must keep copies of analysis (or other information used to make the determination) of used oil for three years. Such marketers must also record in an operating log and keep for three years the following information on each shipment of used oil fuel that meets the specification. Such used oil fuel is not subject to further regulation, unless it is subsequently mixed with dangerous waste or unless it is mixed with used oil so that it no longer meets the specification.
(I) The name and address of the facility receiving the shipment;
(II) The quantity of used oil fuel delivered;
(III) The date of shipment or delivery; and
(IV) A cross-reference to the record of used oil analysis (or other information used to make the determination that the oil meets the specification) required under (b)(vi)(A) of this subsection.
(B) Off-specification used oil fuel. A marketer who receives or initiates an invoice under the requirements of this section must keep a copy of each invoice for three years from the date the invoice is received or prepared. In addition, a marketer must keep a copy of each certification notice that he receives or sends for three years from the date he last engages in an off-specification used oil fuel marketing transaction with the person who sends or receives the certification notice.
(5) Standards applicable to burners of used oil burned for energy recovery.
Owners and operators of facilities that burn used oil fuel are "burners" and are subject to the following requirements:
(a) Prohibition. The prohibition under subsection (2)(b) of this section;
(b) Notification. Burners of off-specification used oil fuel and burners of used oil fuel who are the first to claim that the oil meets the specification provided under WAC 173-303-515 (1)(c), and 173-303-515 (1)(d)(ii) through (iii), except burners who burn specification oil that they generate must notify the department stating the location and general description of used oil management activities. Burners of used oil fuel that meets the specification who receive such oil from a marketer that previously notified EPA are not required to notify. Owners and operators of used oil-fired space heaters that burn used oil fuel under the provisions of subsection (2)(b)(ii) of this section are exempt from these notification requirements. Even if a burner has previously notified the department of his dangerous waste management activities under WAC 173-303-060 and obtained an identification number, he must renotify to identify his used oil management activities.
(c) Required notices. Before a burner accepts the first shipment of off-specification used oil fuel from a marketer, he must provide the marketer a one-time written and signed notice certifying that:
(i) He has notified the department stating the location and general description of his used oil management activities; and
(ii) He will burn the used oil only in an industrial furnace or boiler identified in subsection (2)(b) of this section; and
(d) Used oil fuel analysis.
(i) Used oil fuel burned by the generator is subject to regulation under this section unless the burner obtains analysis (or other information) documenting that the used oil meets the specification provided under Table 1 of subsection (1) of this section.
(ii) Burners who treat off-specification used oil fuel by processing, blending, or other treatment to meet the specification provided under Table 1 of subsection (1) of this section must obtain analyses (or other information) documenting that the used oil meets the specification.
(e) Recordkeeping. A burner who receives an invoice under the requirements of this section must keep a copy of each invoice for three years from the date the invoice is received. Burners must also keep for three years copies of analyses of used oil fuel as may be required by (d) of this subsection. In addition, he must keep a copy of each certification notice that he sends to a marketer for three years from the date he last receives off-specification used oil from that marketer.
(f) Local requirements. Any person who burns used oil for energy recovery, except for burning in used oil-fired space heaters that meet the provisions of subsection (2)(b)(ii) of this section, must comply with the air emission requirements of the local air pollution control authority (or department of ecology if no local authority with jurisdiction exists).)) Purpose. The purpose of this section is to provide used oil management standards for generators, transporters, collection centers, aggregation points, transfer facilities, processors, and re-refiners, burners, and marketers of used oil.
(2) Definitions. In addition to the terms used in this chapter, the definitions of 40 CFR Part 279 are incorporated by reference when recycling used oil under this section. The term "hazardous waste" used in 40 CFR Part 279 means "dangerous waste" as defined in WAC 173-303-040.
(3) Applicability. This section identifies those materials subject to regulation as used oil. For the purpose of this section, the applicability statements of 40 CFR Part 279.10 are incorporated by reference, except 40 CFR Part 279.10 (b)(2), and as modified below.
Materials containing or otherwise contaminated with or derived from used oil: The term "materials" used in 40 CFR Part 279.10 does not include dangerous waste.
(4) Used oil specifications. For the purpose of managing materials under this section, 40 CFR Part 279.11 and 40 CFR Part 261.3 (a)(2)(v) (rebuttable presumption) are incorporated by reference.
The table is included below for the reader's convenience.
Table 1--Used Oil Exceeding any Specification Level is Subject to this Section When Burned for Energy Recovery
| - - - - - - - - - - - - | |
| Constituent/property | Allowable level |
| - - - - - - - - - - - - | |
| Arsenic | 5 ppm maximum |
| Cadmium | 2 ppm maximum |
| Chromium | 10 ppm maximum |
| Lead | 100 ppm maximum |
| Flash point | 100° F minimum |
| Total halogens | 4,000 ppm maximum∖1∖ |
| Note: | Applicable standards for the burning of used oil containing PCBs are imposed by 40 CFR 761.20(e). |
| ∖1∖ | Used oil containing more than 1,000 ppm total halogens is presumed to be a dangerous waste under the rebuttable presumption provided under 40 CFR 279.10(b)(1). Such used oil is subject to 40 CFR Subpart H of Part 266 rather than this section when burned for energy recovery unless the presumption of mixing can be successfully rebutted. |
(a) Materials designating as EHW or W001 cannot be managed under this section when burned for energy recovery. Materials managed under this section containing 2 ppm or greater PCBs are subject to the requirements of 40 CFR Part 761.20(e).
(b) Metal working fluids that are formulated with chlorinated compounds such as chlorinated paraffins or chlorinated alkene polymers cannot be managed under this section when burned for energy recovery.
(c) Ethylene glycol base fluids cannot be managed under this section. These fluids are subject to section WAC 173-303-522 when recycled.
(d) The use of used oil or other materials managed under this section as a dust suppressant is prohibited.
(e) Materials to be managed under this section are prohibited from being mixed with any dangerous waste. If any material managed under this section is mixed with dangerous waste, the resultant mixture is dangerous waste and must be managed as such.
(6) Standards for used oil generators. This subsection applies to all used oil generators and persons managing materials under this section. The standards for used oil generators of 40 CFR Parts 279.20 through 279.24 are incorporated by reference except 40 CFR Part 279.21. Used oil generators and persons managing materials under this subsection are subject to the federal regulations listed above and the following:
(a) Storage requirements for containers and tanks.
(i) Containers must be closed at all times, except when adding or removing materials managed under this section.
(ii) Containers and tanks must not be opened, handled, managed or stored in a manner that may cause the container or tank to leak or rupture.
(b) Secondary containment requirements for storage of material managed under this section in tanks and containers.
The department may require secondary containment, on a case-by-case basis, in accordance with some or all of the requirements in WAC 173-303-630(7) if the department determines that a potential for spills and discharges, mismanagement, or other factors pose a threat to human health or the environment.
(c) Self-transport to approved collection centers. In addition to 40 CFR Part 279.24(a), generators may self-transport quantities greater than 55 gallons to a used oil collection center: Provided, That the owner/operator of the center records the name, address, telephone number, date of delivery and quantity of used oil being delivered to the site by the generator.
(d) Additional reports. Upon determination by the department that the storage of used oil in tanks and/or containers poses a threat to public health or the environment, the department may require the owner/operator to provide additional information regarding the integrity of structures and equipment used to store used oil. This authority applies to tanks and secondary containment systems used to store used oil in tanks and containers. The department's determination of a threat to public health or the environment may be based upon observations of factors that would contribute to spills or releases of used oil or the generation of hazardous by-products (e.g., hydrogen sulfide gas). Such observations may include, but are not limited to, leaks, severe corrosion, structural defects or deterioration (cracks, gaps, separation of joints), inability to completely inspect tanks or structures, or concerns about the age or design specification of tanks.
(i) When required by the department, a qualified, independent professional engineer registered to practice in Washington state must perform the assessment of the integrity of tanks or secondary containment systems.
(ii) Requirement for facility repairs and improvements. If, upon evaluation of information obtained by the department under subsection (8)(a) of this section, it is determined that repairs or structural improvements are necessary in order to eliminate threats, the department may require the owner/operator to discontinue the use of the tank system or container storage unit and remove the used oil until such repairs or improvements are completed and approved by the department.
(7) Standards for used oil collection centers and aggregation points. For the purpose of managing materials under this section, 40 CFR Parts 279.30 through 279.32 are incorporated by reference. The standards for used oil collection centers under this subsection are those federal regulations listed above and the following modifications:
In addition to the requirements of 40 CFR Part 279.31, the owner or operator of a used oil collection center may accept greater than 55 gallons of used oil: Provided, That:
(a) The requirements for a used oil transfer facility (40 CFR Parts 279.40 through 279.46) are complied with while that used oil is on site; and
(b) The owner/operator of the collection center records the name, address, telephone number, date of delivery and quantity of used oil being delivered to the site by the generator of the used oil; and
(c) Meets the requirements of a used oil transfer facility (40 CFR 279.40 through 279.46) while that oil is on site; and
(d) Such records are kept on site for a period of three years.
(8) Standards for used oil transporters and transfer facilities. For the purpose of managing materials under this section, 40 CFR Parts 279.40 through 279.47 are incorporated by reference. The standards for used oil transfer facilities under this subsection are those federal regulations listed above and the following modifications:
Additional reports. Upon determination by the department that the storage of used oil in tanks and/or containers poses a threat to public health or the environment, the department may require the owner/operator to provide additional information regarding the integrity of structures and equipment used to store used oil. This authority applies to tanks and secondary containment systems used to store used oil in tanks and containers. The department's determination of a threat to public health or the environment may be based upon observations of factors that would contribute to spills or releases of used oil or the generation of hazardous by-products (e.g., hydrogen sulfide gas). Those observations may include, but are not limited to, leaks, severe corrosion, structural defects or deterioration (cracks, gaps, separation of joints), inability to completely inspect tanks or structures, or concerns about the age or design specification of tanks.
(a) When required by the department, a qualified, independent professional engineer registered to practice in Washington state must perform the assessment of the integrity of tanks or secondary containment systems.
(b) Requirement for facility repairs and improvements. If, upon evaluation of information obtained by the department under (a) of this subsection, it is determined that repairs or structural improvements are necessary in order to eliminate threats, the department may require the owner/operator to discontinue the use of the tank system or container storage unit and remove the used oil until the repairs or improvements are completed and approved by the department.
(9) Standards for used oil processors and re-refiners. For the purpose of managing materials under this section, 40 CFR Parts 279.50 through 279.59 are incorporated by reference. The standards for used oil processors and re-refiners under this subsection are those federal regulations listed above and the following:
(a) In addition to the general facility standards of 40 CFR Part 279.52, used oil and other materials managed under this subsection may be stored on-site without a permit for ninety days prior to entering an active recycling process. An active recycling process refers to a dynamic recycling operation that occurs within the recycling unit such as a distillation or centrifuge unit. The phrase does not refer to passive storage-like activities that occur, for example, when tanks or containers are used for phase separation or for settling impurities.
(b) Additional reports. Upon determination by the department that the storage of used oil in tanks and/or containers poses a threat to public health or the environment, the department may require the owner/operator to provide additional information regarding the integrity of structures and equipment used to store used oil. This authority applies to tanks and secondary containment systems used to store used oil in tanks and containers. The department's determination of a threat to public health or the environment may be based upon observations of factors that would contribute to spills or releases of used oil or the generation of hazardous by-products (for example, hydrogen sulfide gas). Those observations may include, but are not limited to, leaks, severe corrosion, structural defects or deterioration (cracks, gaps, separation of joints), inability to completely inspect tanks or structures, or concerns about the age or design specification of tanks.
(i) When required by the department, a qualified, independent professional engineer registered to practice in Washington state must perform the assessment of the integrity of tanks or secondary containment systems.
(ii) Requirement for facility repairs and improvements. If, upon evaluation of information obtained by the department under (b) of this subsection, it is determined that repairs or structural improvements are necessary in order to eliminate threats, the department may require the owner/operator to discontinue the use of the tank system or container storage unit and remove the used oil until such repairs or improvements are completed and approved by the department.
(10) Standards for used oil burners who burn off-specification. For the purpose of managing materials under this subsection, 40 CFR Parts 279.60 through 279.67 are incorporated by reference.
(11) Standards for used oil fuel marketers. For the purpose of managing materials under this subsection, 40 CFR Parts 279.70 through 279.75 are incorporated by reference.
(12) Standards for disposal of used oil. For the purpose of managing materials under this subsection, 40 CFR Parts 279.80 through 279.82(a) are incorporated by reference.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-515, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-515, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-515, filed 1/4/89; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-515, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-515, filed 6/3/86; 84-14-031 (Order DE 84-22), § 173-303-515, filed 6/27/84.]
This section applies to persons who reclaim (including regeneration) spent lead-acid batteries that are recyclable materials ("spent batteries").
(1) Persons who generate, transport, or collect spent batteries, who regenerate spent batteries, or who store spent batteries but do not reclaim them (other than spent batteries that are to be regenerated) are subject only to the requirements of WAC 173-303-016 through 173-303-161 except for 173-303-060, and WAC 173-303-960 if such spent batteries are going to a battery reclaimer. Persons who reclaim spent batteries through regeneration (such as by electrolyte replacement) are not subject to 40 CFR Part 268, which is incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-140 (2)(a).
(2) Owners and operators of battery reclaiming facilities that store spent lead acid batteries prior to reclaiming (other than spent batteries that are to be regenerated) them are subject to the following requirements:
(a) For all reclaimers, the applicable storage provisions of:
(i) WAC 173-303-280 (2) and (3);
(ii) WAC 173-303-282;
(iii) WAC 173-303-283;
(iv) WAC 173-303-290;
(v) WAC 173-303-310 through 173-303-360;
(vi) WAC 173-303-380;
(vii) WAC 173-303-390 (2) and (3);
(viii) WAC 173-303-395; and
(ix) WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840.
(b) For reclaimers with interim status permits, the applicable storage provisions of WAC 173-303-400 including Subparts F through L of 40 CFR Part 265;
(c) For reclaimers with final facility permits, the applicable storage provisions of:
(i) WAC 173-303-600 through 173-303-650; and
(ii) WAC 173-303-660.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-520, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-520, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-520, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 88-18-083 (Order 88-29), § 173-303-520, filed 9/6/88; 88-07-039 (Order 87-37), § 173-303-520, filed 3/11/88; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-520, filed 6/3/86; 84-14-031 (Order DE 84-22), § 173-303-520, filed 6/27/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-520, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Applicability. This section applies to the recycling of spent antifreeze. Antifreeze means ethylene glycol based coolant used as a heat exchange medium in motor vehicle radiators, motorized equipment, or in other industrial processes. For the purposes of this section recycling means reclamation and reuse, but not burning for energy recovery.
(2) Standards. Persons who generate, transport, or store spent antifreeze but do not reclaim or recycle it are subject to the requirements of WAC 173-303-050, 173-303-145, and 173-303-960 if their spent antifreeze is going to a recycler. Any discharge of spent antifreeze to the environment constitutes disposal and is subject to full regulation under this chapter.
(a) Generator requirements:
(i) Persons who reclaim or recycle their spent antifreeze on-site, or send their antifreeze off-site to be reclaimed or recycled, must keep records for a period of five years from the date of reclamation/recycling.
Proof of reclamation/recycling is either a log for on-site reclamation/recycling or an invoice or bill of lading for off-site reclamation/recycling.
(ii) Containers and tanks used to accumulate spent antifreeze must be labeled "spent antifreeze."
(iii) Spent antifreeze that is to be reclaimed can be accumulated on-site for any length of time, and in any amount.
(iv) During accumulation, spent antifreeze must be stored in a manner to prevent releases to the environment. This includes, but is not limited to, storing wastes in compatible containers, on impermeable surfaces, or in secondary containment structures.
(b) If ((used)) spent antifreeze is mixed with another
dangerous waste, generators are subject to the generator
requirements, WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(c) Persons who generate spent antifreeze that is not reclaimed/recycled, but is otherwise disposed, are subject to all applicable requirements of this chapter.
(3) Transporters and transfer facility requirements:
(a) Persons engaged in routine off-site transportation of spent antifreeze are required to obtain a state/EPA ID number, WAC 173-303-060, and to comply with the transporter requirements, WAC 173-303-240.
(b) If ((used)) spent antifreeze is mixed with another
dangerous waste, transporters are subject to the generator
requirements, WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(c) Transporters who store ((used)) spent antifreeze at a
transfer facility are allowed to use tanks or containers as
defined in WAC 173-303-040, and store such waste for up to ten
days, WAC 173-303-240(5).
Transporters may store ((used)) spent antifreeze at a
transfer facility for longer than ten days if they meet the
requirements for tank and/or container management, including
secondary containment in WAC 173-303-630 through 173-303-640.
(4) Reclamation/recycling facility requirements: Owners and
operators of antifreeze reclaiming/recycling facilities are
subject to the conditions of WAC 173-303-120 (4)(c). These
conditions apply equally to facilities whether or not
twenty-four-hour storage of ((used)) spent antifreeze occurs
prior to reclamation.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-522, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98.]
(1) Scope.
(a) This section establishes requirements for managing the following:
(i) Batteries as described in subsection (2) of this section;
and
(ii) Thermostats as described in subsection (3) of this section.
(b) This section provides an alternative set of management standards in lieu of regulation under the rest of this chapter except for WAC 173-303-050, 173-303-145, and 173-303-960.
(2) Applicability -- Batteries.
(a) Batteries covered under this section.
(i) The requirements of this section apply to persons managing batteries, as described in WAC 173-303-040, except those listed in (b) of this subsection.
(ii) Spent lead-acid batteries which are not managed under WAC 173-303-120 (3)(f) and 173-303-520, are subject to management under this section.
(b) Batteries not covered under this section. The requirements of this section do not apply to persons managing the following batteries:
(i) Spent lead-acid batteries that are managed under WAC 173-303-120(3) and 173-303-520.
(ii) Batteries, as described in WAC 173-303-040, that are not yet wastes under WAC 173-303-016, 173-303-017, or 173-303-070, including those that do not meet the criteria for waste generation in (c) of this subsection.
(iii) Batteries, as described in WAC 173-303-040, that are not dangerous waste. A battery is a dangerous waste if it exhibits one or more of the characteristics or criteria identified in WAC 173-303-090 or 173-303-100.
(c) Generation of waste batteries.
(i) A used battery becomes a waste on the date it is discarded (e.g., when sent for reclamation).
(ii) An unused battery becomes a waste on the date the handler decides to discard it.
(iii) Lamps as described in subsection (5) of this section.
(3) Applicability -- Mercury thermostats.
(a) Thermostats covered under this section. The requirements of this section apply to persons managing thermostats, as described in WAC 173-303-040, except those listed in (b) of this subsection.
(b) Thermostats not covered under this section. The requirements of this section do not apply to persons managing the following thermostats:
(i) Thermostats that are not yet wastes under WAC 173-303-016, 173-303-017, or 173-303-070. Paragraph (c) of this subsection describes when thermostats become wastes.
(ii) Thermostats that are not dangerous waste. A thermostat is a dangerous waste if it exhibits one or more of the characteristics or criteria identified in WAC 173-303-090 or 173-303-100.
(c) Generation of waste thermostats.
(i) A used thermostat becomes a waste on the date it is discarded (e.g., sent for reclamation).
(ii) An unused thermostat becomes a waste on the date the handler decides to discard it.
(4) Applicability -- Household and conditionally exempt small quantity generator waste.
(a) Persons managing the wastes listed below may, at their option, manage them under the requirements of this section:
(i) Household wastes that are exempt under WAC 173-303-071 (3)(c) and are also of the same type as the universal wastes defined at WAC 173-303-040; and/or
(ii) Small quantity generator wastes that are conditionally exempt under WAC 173-303-070(8) and are also of the same type as the universal wastes defined at WAC 173-303-040.
(b) Persons who commingle the wastes described in (a)(i) and (ii) of this subsection together with universal waste regulated under this section must manage the commingled waste under the requirements of this section.
(5) ((Reserve.)) Applicability--Lamps.
(a) Lamps covered under this section. The requirements of this section apply to persons managing lamps, as described in WAC 173-303-040, except those listed in (b) of this subsection.
(b) Lamps not covered under this section. The requirements of this section do not apply to persons managing the following lamps:
(i) Lamps that are not yet wastes under WAC 173-303-016, 173-303-017, or 173-303-070. Paragraph (c) of this subsection describes when lamps become wastes.
(ii) Lamps that are not dangerous waste. Lamps that do not exhibit one or more of the characteristics or criteria identified in WAC 173-303-090 or 173-303-100 are not dangerous waste.
(c) Generation of waste lamps.
(i) A used lamp becomes a waste on the date it is permanently removed from its fixture.
(ii) An unused lamp becomes a waste on the date the handler decides to discard it.
(6) Applicability -- Small quantity handlers of universal waste. Subsections (6) through (16) of this section apply to small quantity handlers of universal waste (as defined in WAC 173-303-040).
(7) Prohibitions.
A small quantity handler of universal waste is:
(a) Prohibited from disposing of universal waste; and
(b) Prohibited from diluting or treating universal waste, except by responding to releases as provided in subsection (13) of this section; or by managing specific wastes as provided in subsection (9) of this section.
(8) Notification.
A small quantity handler of universal waste is not required to notify the department of universal waste handling activities.
(9) Waste management.
(a) Universal waste batteries. A small quantity handler of universal waste must manage universal waste batteries in a way that prevents releases of any universal waste or component of a universal waste to the environment, as follows:
(i) A small quantity handler of universal waste must contain any universal waste battery that shows evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions in a container. The container must be closed, structurally sound, compatible with the contents of the battery, and must lack evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions.
(ii) A small quantity handler of universal waste may conduct the following activities as long as the casing of each individual battery cell is not breached and remains intact and closed (except that cells may be opened to remove electrolyte but must be immediately closed after removal):
(A) Sorting batteries by type;
(B) Mixing battery types in one container;
(C) Discharging batteries so as to remove the electric charge;
(D) Regenerating used batteries;
(E) Disassembling batteries or battery packs into individual batteries or cells;
(F) Removing batteries from consumer products; or
(G) Removing electrolyte from batteries.
(iii) A small quantity handler of universal waste who removes electrolyte from batteries, or who generates other solid waste (e.g., battery pack materials, discarded consumer products) as a result of the activities listed above, must determine whether the electrolyte and/or other solid waste exhibit a characteristic or criteria of dangerous waste identified in WAC 173-303-090 or 173-303-100.
(A) If the electrolyte and/or other solid waste exhibit a characteristic or criteria of dangerous waste, it is subject to all applicable requirements of this chapter. The handler is considered the generator of the dangerous electrolyte and/or other waste and is subject to WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(B) If the electrolyte or other solid waste is not dangerous, the handler may manage the waste in any way that is in compliance with applicable federal, state or local solid waste regulations.
(b) Universal waste thermostats. A small quantity handler of universal waste must manage universal waste thermostats in a way that prevents releases of any universal waste or component of a universal waste to the environment, as follows:
(i) A small quantity handler of universal waste must contain any universal waste thermostat that shows evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions in a container. The container must be closed, structurally sound, compatible with the contents of the thermostat, and must lack evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions.
(ii) A small quantity handler of universal waste may remove mercury-containing ampules from universal waste thermostats provided the handler:
(A) Removes the ampules in a manner designed to prevent breakage of the ampules;
(B) Removes ampules only over or in a containment device (e.g., tray or pan sufficient to collect and contain any mercury released from an ampule in case of breakage);
(C) Ensures that a mercury clean-up system is readily available to immediately transfer any mercury resulting from spills or leaks from broken ampules, from the containment device to a container that meets the requirements of WAC 173-303-200;
(D) Immediately transfers any mercury resulting from spills or leaks from broken ampules from the containment device to a container that meets the requirements of WAC 173-303-200;
(E) Ensures that the area in which ampules are removed is well ventilated and monitored to ensure compliance with applicable OSHA exposure levels for mercury;
(F) Ensures that employees removing ampules are thoroughly familiar with proper waste mercury handling and emergency procedures, including transfer of mercury from containment devices to appropriate containers;
(G) Stores removed ampules in closed, nonleaking containers that are in good condition;
(H) Packs removed ampules in the container with packing materials adequate to prevent breakage during storage, handling, and transportation; and
(iii)(A) A small quantity handler of universal waste who removes mercury-containing ampules from thermostats must determine whether the following exhibit a characteristic or criteria of dangerous waste identified in WAC 173-303-090 or 173-303-100:
(I) Mercury or clean-up residues resulting from spills or leaks; and/or
(II) Other solid waste generated as a result of the removal of mercury-containing ampules (e.g., remaining thermostat units).
(B) If the mercury, residues, and/or other solid waste exhibit a characteristic or criteria of dangerous waste, it must be managed in compliance with all applicable requirements of this chapter. The handler is considered the generator of the mercury, residues, and/or other waste and must manage it subject to WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(C) If the mercury, residues, and/or other solid waste is not dangerous, the handler may manage the waste in any way that is in compliance with applicable federal, state or local solid waste regulations.
(c) Universal waste lamps. A small quantity handler of universal waste must manage universal waste lamps in a way that prevents releases of any universal waste or component of a universal waste to the environment, as follows:
(i) A small quantity handler of universal waste must immediately clean up and place in a container any universal waste lamps that show evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions in a container. The container must be closed, structurally sound, compatible with the contents of the lamps, and must lack evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions;
(ii) A small quantity handler of universal waste must minimize lamp breakage by accumulating lamps in containers or packages that are structurally sound, adequate to prevent breakage, and compatible with the contents of the lamps. The containers and packages must remain closed and must lack evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions;
(iii) A small quantity handler of universal waste must store lamps accumulated in cardboard or fiber containers indoors;
(iv) A small quantity handler of universal waste may manage universal waste lamps for the purpose of volume reduction at the site where they were generated: Provided, That the handler:
(A) Crushes the lamps in a controlled manner in a crushing unit engineered to prevent releases of mercury or other hazardous constituents to the environment and the crushing operations and maintenance of the unit are performed in accordance with written procedures developed by the manufacturer of the equipment, including specific instructions for the frequency of filter changes;
(B) Ensures that the crushing occurs in a final accumulation container that is in good condition suitable to prevent releases during storage, handling, and transportation. Additionally, if crushed lamps are accumulated in fiber containers, the storage must be indoors;
(C) Ensures that response procedures as specified in subsection (13) of this section are followed in the event of a release during the crushing activity, including determining if the material resulting from the release is a dangerous waste;
(D) Ensures that the area in which lamps containing mercury are crushed is well ventilated and monitored to ensure compliance with applicable OSHA/WISHA exposure levels for mercury;
(E) Ensures that employees crushing lamps are thoroughly familiar with proper waste mercury handling and emergency procedures, including transfer of mercury to appropriate containers;
(v) A small quantity handler of universal waste who crushes lamps must ensure that any residues (for example, filters from the crushing unit) generated from the crushing activity are managed as dangerous waste for the purposes of disposal, such that no mercury or other hazardous constituents will be released to the environment. The handler is considered the generator of the dangerous waste and is subject to WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(10) Labeling/marking.
A small quantity handler of universal waste must label or mark the universal waste to identify the type of universal waste as specified below:
(a) Universal waste batteries (i.e., each battery), or a container in which the batteries are contained, must be labeled or marked clearly with any one of the following phrases: "Universal Waste-Battery(ies), or "Waste Battery(ies)," or "Used Battery(ies);"
(b) Universal waste thermostats (i.e., each thermostat), or a container in which the thermostats are contained, must be labeled or marked clearly with any one of the following phrases: "Universal Waste-Mercury Thermostat(s)," or "Waste Mercury Thermostat(s)," or "Used Mercury Thermostat(s)."
(c) Universal waste lamps (i.e., each lamp), or a container in which the lamps are accumulated, must be labeled or marked clearly with any one of the following phrases: "Universal Waste Lamp(s)," or "Waste Lamp(s)," or "Used Lamp(s)."
(11) Accumulation time limits.
(a) A small quantity handler of universal waste may accumulate universal waste for no longer than one year from the date the universal waste is generated, or received from another handler, unless the requirements of (b) of this subsection are met.
(b) A small quantity handler of universal waste may accumulate universal waste for longer than one year from the date the universal waste is generated, or received from another handler, if such activity is solely for the purpose of accumulation of such quantities of universal waste as necessary to facilitate proper recovery, treatment, or disposal. However, the handler bears the burden of proving that such activity is solely for the purpose of accumulation of such quantities of universal waste as necessary to facilitate proper recovery, treatment, or disposal.
(c) A small quantity handler of universal waste who accumulates universal waste must be able to demonstrate the length of time that the universal waste has been accumulated from the date it becomes a waste or is received. The handler may make this demonstration by:
(i) Placing the universal waste in a container and marking or labeling the container with the earliest date that any universal waste in the container became a waste or was received;
(ii) Marking or labeling each individual item of universal
waste (((e.g.)) for example, each battery ((or)), thermostat or
lamp) with the date it became a waste or was received;
(iii) Maintaining an inventory system on-site that identifies the date each universal waste became a waste or was received;
(iv) Maintaining an inventory system on-site that identifies the earliest date that any universal waste in a group of universal waste items or a group of containers of universal waste became a waste or was received;
(v) Placing the universal waste in a specific accumulation area and identifying the earliest date that any universal waste in the area became a waste or was received; or
(vi) Any other method which clearly demonstrates the length of time that the universal waste has been accumulated from the date it becomes a waste or is received.
(12) Employee training.
A small quantity handler of universal waste must inform all employees who handle or have responsibility for managing universal waste. The information must describe proper handling and emergency procedures appropriate to the type(s) of universal waste handled at the facility.
(13) Response to releases.
(a) A small quantity handler of universal waste must immediately contain all releases of universal wastes and other residues from universal wastes.
(b) A small quantity handler of universal waste must determine whether any material resulting from the release is dangerous waste, and if so, must manage the dangerous waste in compliance with all applicable requirements of this chapter. The handler is considered the generator of the material resulting from the release, and must manage it in compliance with WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(14) Off-site shipments.
(a) A small quantity handler of universal waste is prohibited from sending or taking universal waste to a place other than another universal waste handler, a destination facility, or a foreign destination.
(b) If a small quantity handler of universal waste self-transports universal waste off-site, the handler becomes a universal waste transporter for those self-transportation activities and must comply with the transporter requirements of subsections (28) through (34) of this section while transporting the universal waste.
(c) If a universal waste being offered for off-site transportation meets the definition of hazardous materials under 49 CFR Parts 171 through 180, a small quantity handler of universal waste must package, label, mark and placard the shipment, and prepare the proper shipping papers in accordance with the applicable Department of Transportation regulations under 49 CFR Parts 172 through 180.
(d) Prior to sending a shipment of universal waste to another universal waste handler, the originating handler must ensure that the receiving handler agrees to receive the shipment.
(e) If a small quantity handler of universal waste sends a shipment of universal waste to another handler or to a destination facility and the shipment is rejected by the receiving handler or destination facility, the originating handler must either:
(i) Receive the waste back when notified that the shipment has been rejected, or
(ii) Agree with the receiving handler on a destination facility to which the shipment will be sent.
(f) A small quantity handler of universal waste may reject a shipment containing universal waste, or a portion of a shipment containing universal waste that he has received from another handler. If a handler rejects a shipment or a portion of a shipment, he must contact the originating handler to notify him of the rejection and to discuss reshipment of the load. The handler must:
(i) Send the shipment back to the originating handler; or
(ii) If agreed to by both the originating and receiving handler, send the shipment to a destination facility.
(g) If a small quantity handler of universal waste receives a shipment containing dangerous waste that is not a universal waste, the handler must immediately notify the department of the illegal shipment, and provide the name, address, and phone number of the originating shipper. The department will provide instructions for managing the dangerous waste.
(h) If a small quantity handler of universal waste receives a shipment of nondangerous, nonuniversal waste, the handler may manage the waste in any way that is in compliance with applicable federal, state or local solid waste regulations.
(15) Tracking universal waste shipments.
A small quantity handler of universal waste is not required to keep records of shipments of universal waste.
(16) Exports.
A small quantity handler of universal waste who sends universal waste to a foreign destination must:
(a) Comply with the requirements applicable to a primary exporter in 40 CFR 262.53, 262.56 (a)(1) through (4), (6), and (b) and 262.57 which are incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-230(1);
(b) Export such universal waste only upon consent of the receiving country and in conformance with the EPA Acknowledgment of Consent as defined in 40 CFR Subpart E of Part 262 which is incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-230(1); and
(c) Provide a copy of the EPA Acknowledgment of Consent for the shipment to the transporter transporting the shipment for export.
(17) Applicability -- Large quantity handlers of universal waste.
Subsections (17) through (27) of this section apply to large quantity handlers of universal waste (as defined in WAC 173-303-040).
(18) Prohibitions.
A large quantity handler of universal waste is:
(a) Prohibited from disposing of universal waste; and
(b) Prohibited from diluting or treating universal waste, except by responding to releases as provided in subsection (24) of this section; or by managing specific wastes as provided in subsection (20) of this section.
(19) Notification.
(a)(i) Except as provided in (a)(ii) ((and (iii))) of this
subsection, a large quantity handler of universal waste must have
sent written notification of universal waste management to the
department, and received an EPA Identification Number, before
meeting or exceeding the ((5,000 kilogram)) 11,000 pound storage
limit and/or before meeting or exceeding the 2,200 pound storage
limit for lamps.
(ii) A large quantity handler of universal waste who has already notified the department of their dangerous waste management activities and has received an EPA Identification Number is not required to renotify under this section.
(b) This notification must include:
(i) The universal waste handler's name and mailing address;
(ii) The name and business telephone number of the person at the universal waste handler's site who should be contacted regarding universal waste management activities;
(iii) The address or physical location of the universal waste management activities;
(iv) A list of all of the types of universal waste managed
by the handler (e.g., batteries ((or)), thermostats or lamps);
(v) A statement indicating that the handler is accumulating
more than 11,000 pounds of universal waste at one time and the
types of universal waste (e.g., batteries ((or)), thermostats or
lamps) the handler is accumulating above this quantity((.)),
and/or a statement indicating that the handler is accumulating
more than 2,200 pounds of lamps at one time. (For example, if a
handler is accumulating 5,000 pounds of batteries, 5,500 pounds
of thermostats and 600 pounds of universal waste lamps, they
would notify for having 11,100 pounds of universal waste at one
time - likewise, if a handler is accumulating 2,000 pounds of
batteries, 5,000 pounds of thermostats and 2,400 pounds of
universal waste lamps, they would also need to notify for
exceeding the 2,200 pound limit for universal waste lamps.)
(20) Waste management.
(a) Universal waste batteries. A large quantity handler of universal waste must manage universal waste batteries in a way that prevents releases of any universal waste or component of a universal waste to the environment, as follows:
(i) A large quantity handler of universal waste must contain any universal waste battery that shows evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions in a container. The container must be closed, structurally sound, compatible with the contents of the battery, and must lack evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions.
(ii) A large quantity handler of universal waste may conduct the following activities as long as the casing of each individual battery cell is not breached and remains intact and closed (except that cells may be opened to remove electrolyte but must be immediately closed after removal):
(A) Sorting batteries by type;
(B) Mixing battery types in one container;
(C) Discharging batteries so as to remove the electric charge;
(D) Regenerating used batteries;
(E) Disassembling batteries or battery packs into individual batteries or cells;
(F) Removing batteries from consumer products; or
(G) Removing electrolyte from batteries.
(iii) A large quantity handler of universal waste who removes electrolyte from batteries, or who generates other solid waste (e.g., battery pack materials, discarded consumer products) as a result of the activities listed above, must determine whether the electrolyte and/or other solid waste exhibit a characteristic or criteria of dangerous waste identified in WAC 173-303-090 or 173-303-100.
(A) If the electrolyte and/or other solid waste exhibit a characteristic or criteria of dangerous waste, it must be managed in compliance with all applicable requirements of this chapter. The handler is considered the generator of the dangerous electrolyte and/or other waste and is subject to WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(B) If the electrolyte or other solid waste is not dangerous, the handler may manage the waste in any way that is in compliance with applicable federal, state or local solid waste regulations.
(b) Universal waste thermostats. A large quantity handler of universal waste must manage universal waste thermostats in a way that prevents releases of any universal waste or component of a universal waste to the environment, as follows:
(i) A large quantity handler of universal waste must contain any universal waste thermostat that shows evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions in a container. The container must be closed, structurally sound, compatible with the contents of the thermostat, and must lack evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions.
(ii) A large quantity handler of universal waste may remove mercury-containing ampules from universal waste thermostats provided the handler:
(A) Removes the ampules in a manner designed to prevent breakage of the ampules;
(B) Removes ampules only over or in a containment device (e.g., tray or pan sufficient to contain any mercury released from an ampule in case of breakage);
(C) Ensures that a mercury clean-up system is readily available to immediately transfer any mercury resulting from spills or leaks from broken ampules, from the containment device to a container that meets the requirements of WAC 173-303-200;
(D) Immediately transfers any mercury resulting from spills or leaks from broken ampules from the containment device to a container that meets the requirements of WAC 173-303-200;
(E) Ensures that the area in which ampules are removed is well ventilated and monitored to ensure compliance with applicable OSHA exposure levels for mercury;
(F) Ensures that employees removing ampules are thoroughly familiar with proper waste mercury handling and emergency procedures, including transfer of mercury from containment devices to appropriate containers;
(G) Stores removed ampules in closed, nonleaking containers that are in good condition;
(H) Packs removed ampules in the container with packing materials adequate to prevent breakage during storage, handling, and transportation; and
(iii)(A) A large quantity handler of universal waste who removes mercury-containing ampules from thermostats must determine whether the following exhibit a characteristic or criteria of dangerous waste identified in WAC 173-303-090 or 173-303-100:
(I) Mercury or clean-up residues resulting from spills or leaks; and/or
(II) Other solid waste generated as a result of the removal of mercury-containing ampules (e.g., remaining thermostat units).
(B) If the mercury, residues, and/or other solid waste exhibit a characteristic or criteria of dangerous waste, it must be managed in compliance with all applicable requirements of this chapter. The handler is considered the generator of the mercury, residues, and/or other waste and is subject to WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(C) If the mercury, residues, and/or other solid waste is not dangerous, the handler may manage the waste in any way that is in compliance with applicable federal, state or local solid waste regulations.
(c) Universal waste lamps. A large quantity handler of universal waste must manage universal waste lamps in a way that prevents releases of any universal waste or component of a universal waste to the environment, as follows:
(i) A large quantity handler of universal waste must immediately clean up and place in a container any universal waste lamps that show evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions in a container. The container must be closed, structurally sound, compatible with the contents of the lamps, and must lack evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions;
(ii) A large quantity handler of universal waste must minimize lamp breakage by accumulating lamps in containers or packages that are structurally sound, adequate to prevent breakage, and compatible with the contents of the lamps. The containers and packages must remain closed and must lack evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable conditions;
(iii) A large quantity handler of universal waste must store lamps accumulated in cardboard or fiber containers indoors;
(iv) A large quantity handler of universal waste may manage universal waste lamps for the purpose of volume reduction at the site where they were generated: Provided, That the handler:
(A) Crushes the lamps in a controlled manner in a crushing unit engineered to prevent releases of mercury or other hazardous constituents to the environment and the crushing operations and maintenance of the unit are performed in accordance with written procedures developed by the manufacturer of the equipment, including specific instructions for the frequency of filter changes;
(B) Ensures that the crushing occurs in a final accumulation container that is in good condition suitable to prevent releases during storage, handling, and transportation. Additionally, if crushed lamps are accumulated in fiber containers, the storage must be indoors;
(C) Ensures that response procedures as specified in subsection (13) of this section are followed in the event of a release during the crushing activity, including determining if the material resulting from the release is a dangerous waste;
(D) Ensures that the area in which lamps containing mercury are crushed is well ventilated and monitored to ensure compliance with applicable OSHA exposure levels for mercury;
(E) Ensures that employees crushing lamps are thoroughly familiar with proper waste mercury handling and emergency procedures, including transfer of mercury to appropriate containers;
(v) A large quantity handler of universal waste who crushes lamps must ensure that any residues (for example, filters from the crushing unit) generated from the crushing activity are managed as dangerous waste for the purposes of disposal, such that no mercury or other hazardous constituents will be released to the environment. The handler is considered the generator of the dangerous waste and is subject to WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(21) Labeling/marking.
A large quantity handler of universal waste must label or mark the universal waste to identify the type of universal waste as specified below:
(a) Universal waste batteries (i.e., each battery), or a container or tank in which the batteries are contained, must be labeled or marked clearly with the any one of the following phrases: "Universal Waste-Battery(ies)," or "Waste Battery(ies)," or "Used Battery(ies);"
(b) Universal waste thermostats (i.e., each thermostat), or a container or tank in which the thermostats are contained, must be labeled or marked clearly with any one of the following phrases: "Universal Waste-Mercury Thermostat(s)," or "Waste Mercury Thermostat(s)," or "Used Mercury Thermostat(s)."
(c) Universal waste lamp (i.e., each lamp), or a container in which the lamps are accumulated, must be labeled or marked clearly with any one of the following phrases: "Universal Waste Lamp(s)," or "Waste Lamp(s)," or "Used Lamp(s)."
(22) Accumulation time limits.
(a) A large quantity handler of universal waste may accumulate universal waste for no longer than one year from the date the universal waste is generated, or received from another handler, unless the requirements of (b) of this subsection are met.
(b) A large quantity handler of universal waste may accumulate universal waste for longer than one year from the date the universal waste is generated, or received from another handler, if such activity is solely for the purpose of accumulation of such quantities of universal waste as necessary to facilitate proper recovery, treatment, or disposal. However, the handler bears the burden of proving that such activity was solely for the purpose of accumulation of such quantities of universal waste as necessary to facilitate proper recovery, treatment, or disposal.
(c) A large quantity handler of universal waste must be able to demonstrate the length of time that the universal waste has been accumulated from the date it becomes a waste or is received. The handler may make this demonstration by:
(i) Placing the universal waste in a container and marking or labeling the container with the earliest date that any universal waste in the container became a waste or was received;
(ii) Marking or labeling the individual item of universal
waste (((e.g.)) for example, each battery ((or)), thermostat or
lamp) with the date it became a waste or was received;
(iii) Maintaining an inventory system on site that identifies the date the universal waste being accumulated became a waste or was received;
(iv) Maintaining an inventory system on site that identifies the earliest date that any universal waste in a group of universal waste items or a group of containers of universal waste became a waste or was received;
(v) Placing the universal waste in a specific accumulation area and identifying the earliest date that any universal waste in the area became a waste or was received; or
(vi) Any other method which clearly demonstrates the length of time that the universal waste has been accumulated from the date it becomes a waste or is received.
(23) Employee training.
A large quantity handler of universal waste must ensure that all employees are thoroughly familiar with proper waste handling and emergency procedures, relative to their responsibilities during normal facility operations and emergencies.
(24) Response to releases.
(a) A large quantity handler of universal waste must immediately contain all releases of universal wastes and other residues from universal wastes.
(b) A large quantity handler of universal waste must determine whether any material resulting from the release is dangerous waste, and if so, must manage the dangerous waste in compliance with all applicable requirements of this chapter. The handler is considered the generator of the material resulting from the release, and is subject to WAC 173-303-145 and 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(25) Off-site shipments.
(a) A large quantity handler of universal waste is prohibited from sending or taking universal waste to a place other than another universal waste handler, a destination facility, or a foreign destination.
(b) If a large quantity handler of universal waste self-transports universal waste off site, the handler becomes a universal waste transporter for those self-transportation activities and must comply with the transporter requirements of subsections (28) through (34) of this section while transporting the universal waste.
(c) If a universal waste being offered for off-site transportation meets the definition of hazardous materials under 49 CFR 171 through 180, a large quantity handler of universal waste must package, label, mark and placard the shipment, and prepare the proper shipping papers in accordance with the applicable Department of Transportation regulations under 49 CFR Parts 172 through 180;
(d) Prior to sending a shipment of universal waste to another universal waste handler, the originating handler must ensure that the receiving handler agrees to receive the shipment.
(e) If a large quantity handler of universal waste sends a shipment of universal waste to another handler or to a destination facility and the shipment is rejected by the receiving handler or destination facility, the originating handler must either:
(i) Receive the waste back when notified that the shipment has been rejected; or
(ii) Agree with the receiving handler on a destination facility to which the shipment will be sent.
(f) A large quantity handler of universal waste may reject a shipment containing universal waste, or a portion of a shipment containing universal waste that he has received from another handler. If a handler rejects a shipment or a portion of a shipment, he must contact the originating handler to notify him of the rejection and to discuss reshipment of the load. The handler must:
(i) Send the shipment back to the originating handler; or
(ii) If agreed to by both the originating and receiving handler, send the shipment to a destination facility.
(g) If a large quantity handler of universal waste receives a shipment containing dangerous waste that is not a universal waste, the handler must immediately notify the department of the illegal shipment, and provide the name, address, and phone number of the originating shipper. The department will provide instructions for managing the dangerous waste.
(h) If a large quantity handler of universal waste receives a shipment of nondangerous, nonuniversal waste, the handler may manage the waste in any way that is in compliance with applicable federal, state or local solid waste regulations.
(26) Tracking universal waste shipments.
(a) Receipt of shipments. A large quantity handler of universal waste must keep a record of each shipment of universal waste received at the facility. The record may take the form of a log, invoice, manifest, bill of lading, or other shipping document. The record for each shipment of universal waste received must include the following information:
(i) The name and address of the originating universal waste handler or foreign shipper from whom the universal waste was sent;
(ii) The quantity of each type of universal waste received
(((e.g.)) for example, batteries ((or)), thermostats or lamps);
(iii) The date of receipt of the shipment of universal waste.
(b) Shipments off site. A large quantity handler of universal waste must keep a record of each shipment of universal waste sent from the handler to other facilities. The record may take the form of a log, invoice, manifest, bill of lading or other shipping document. The record for each shipment of universal waste sent must include the following information:
(i) The name and address of the universal waste handler, destination facility, or foreign destination to whom the universal waste was sent;
(ii) The quantity of each type of universal waste sent
(((e.g.)) for example, batteries ((or)), thermostats or lamps);
(iii) The date the shipment of universal waste left the facility.
(c) Record retention.
(i) A large quantity handler of universal waste must retain the records described in (a) of this subsection for at least three years from the date of receipt of a shipment of universal waste.
(ii) A large quantity handler of universal waste must retain the records described in (b) of this subsection for at least three years from the date a shipment of universal waste left the facility.
(27) Exports.
A large quantity handler of universal waste who sends universal waste to a foreign destination must:
(a) Comply with the requirements applicable to a primary exporter in 40 CFR 262.53, 262.56 (a)(1) through (4), (6), and (b) and 262.57 which are incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-230(1);
(b) Export such universal waste only upon consent of the receiving country and in conformance with the EPA Acknowledgment of Consent as defined in 40 CFR 262 Subpart E which is incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-230(1); and
(c) Provide a copy of the EPA Acknowledgment of Consent for the shipment to the transporter transporting the shipment for export.
(28) Applicability -- Universal waste transporters.
Subsections (28) through (34) of this section apply to universal waste transporters (as defined in WAC 173-303-040).
(29) Prohibitions.
A universal waste transporter is:
(a) Prohibited from disposing of universal waste; and
(b) Prohibited from diluting or treating universal waste, except by responding to releases as provided in subsection (32) of this section.
(30) Waste management.
(a) A universal waste transporter must comply with all applicable U.S. Department of Transportation regulations in 49 CFR Part 171 through 180 for transport of any universal waste that meets the definition of hazardous material in 49 CFR 171.8. For purposes of the Department of Transportation regulations, a material is considered a dangerous waste if it is subject to the Hazardous Waste Manifest Requirements of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency specified in WAC 173-303-180. Because universal waste does not require a dangerous waste manifest, it is not considered hazardous waste under the Department of Transportation regulations.
(b) Some universal waste materials are regulated by the Department of Transportation as hazardous materials because they meet the criteria for one or more hazard classes specified in 49 CFR 173.2. As universal waste shipments do not require a manifest under WAC 173-303-180, they may not be described by the DOT proper shipping name "hazardous waste, (l) or (s), n.o.s.," nor may the hazardous material's proper shipping name be modified by adding the word "waste."
(31) Storage time limits.
(a) A universal waste transporter may only store the universal waste at a universal waste transfer facility for ten days or less.
(b) If a universal waste transporter stores universal waste for more than ten days, the transporter becomes a universal waste handler and must comply with the applicable requirements for small or large quantity handlers (subsections (6) through (27) of this section) while storing the universal waste.
(32) Response to releases.
(a) A universal waste transporter must immediately contain all releases of universal wastes and other residues from universal wastes.
(b) A universal waste transporter must determine whether any material resulting from the release is dangerous waste, and if so, it is subject to all applicable requirements of this chapter. If the waste is determined to be a dangerous waste, the transporter is subject to WAC 173-303-145 and 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(33) Off-site shipments.
(a) A universal waste transporter is prohibited from transporting the universal waste to a place other than a universal waste handler, a destination facility, or a foreign destination.
(b) If the universal waste being shipped off site meets the Department of Transportation's definition of hazardous materials under 49 CFR 171.8, the shipment must be properly described on a shipping paper in accordance with the applicable Department of Transportation regulations under 49 CFR Part 172.
(34) Exports.
A universal waste transporter transporting a shipment of universal waste to a foreign destination may not accept a shipment if the transporter knows the shipment does not conform to the EPA Acknowledgment of Consent. In addition the transporter must ensure that:
(a) A copy of the EPA Acknowledgment of Consent accompanies the shipment; and
(b) The shipment is delivered to the facility designated by the person initiating the shipment.
(35) Applicability -- Destination facilities. Subsections (35) through (37) of this section apply to destination facilities.
(a) The owner or operator of a destination facility (as defined in WAC 173-303-040) is subject to all applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-140 and 173-303-141, 173-303-280 through 173-303-525, 173-303-600 through 173-303-695, 173-303-800 through 173-303-840, and the notification requirement at WAC 173-303-060:
(b) The owner or operator of a destination facility that recycles a particular universal waste without storing that universal waste before it is recycled must comply with WAC 173-303-120 (4)(c).
(36) Off-site shipments.
(a) The owner or operator of a destination facility is prohibited from sending or taking universal waste to a place other than a universal waste handler, another destination facility or foreign destination.
(b) The owner or operator of a destination facility may reject a shipment containing universal waste, or a portion of a shipment containing universal waste. If the owner or operator of the destination facility rejects a shipment or a portion of a shipment, he must contact the shipper to notify him of the rejection and to discuss reshipment of the load. The owner or operator of the destination facility must:
(i) Send the shipment back to the original shipper; or
(ii) If agreed to by both the shipper and the owner or operator of the destination facility, send the shipment to another destination facility.
(c) If the owner or operator of a destination facility receives a shipment containing dangerous waste that is not a universal waste, the owner or operator of the destination facility must immediately notify the department of the illegal shipment, and provide the name, address, and phone number of the shipper. The department will provide instructions for managing the dangerous waste.
(d) If the owner or operator of a destination facility receives a shipment of nondangerous, nonuniversal waste, the owner or operator may manage the waste in any way that is in compliance with applicable federal or state solid waste regulations.
(37) Tracking universal waste shipments.
(a) The owner or operator of a destination facility must keep a record of each shipment of universal waste received at the facility. The record may take the form of a log, invoice, manifest, bill of lading, or other shipping document. The record for each shipment of universal waste received must include the following information:
(i) The name and address of the universal waste handler, destination facility, or foreign shipper from whom the universal waste was sent;
(ii) The quantity of each type of universal waste received
(((e.g.)) for example, batteries or thermostats);
(iii) The date of receipt of the shipment of universal waste.
(b) The owner or operator of a destination facility must retain the records described in (a) of this subsection for at least three years from the date of receipt of a shipment of universal waste.
(38) Imports.
Persons managing universal waste that is imported from a foreign country into the United States are subject to the applicable requirements of this section, immediately after the waste enters the United States, as indicated below:
(a) A universal waste transporter is subject to the universal waste transporter requirements of subsections (28) through (34) of this section.
(b) A universal waste handler is subject to the small or large quantity handler of universal waste requirements of subsections (6) through (27) of this section, as applicable.
(c) An owner or operator of a destination facility is subject to the destination facility requirements of subsections (35) through (37) of this section.
(39) General -- Petitions. Subsections (39) and (40) of this section address petitions to include other wastes under this section.
(a) Any person seeking to add a dangerous waste or a category of dangerous waste to this section may petition for a regulatory amendment under subsections (39) and (40) of this section and WAC 173-303-910 (1) and (7).
(b) To be successful, the petitioner must demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department that regulation under the universal waste regulations of this section is: Appropriate for the waste or category of waste; will improve management practices for the waste or category of waste; and will improve implementation of the dangerous waste program. The petition must include the information required by WAC 173-303-910 (1)(b). The petition should also address as many of the factors listed in subsection (40) of this section as are appropriate for the waste or waste category addressed in the petition.
(c) The department will evaluate petitions using the factors listed in subsection (40) of this section. The department will grant or deny a petition using the factors listed in subsection (40) of this section. The decision will be based on the weight of evidence showing that regulation under this section is appropriate for the waste or category of waste, will improve management practices for the waste or category of waste, and will improve implementation of the dangerous waste program.
(40) Factors for petitions to include other wastes under this section.
(a) The waste or category of waste, as generated by a wide variety of generators, is listed in WAC 173-303-081 or 173-303-082, or (if not listed) a proportion of the waste stream exhibits one or more characteristics or criteria of dangerous waste identified in WAC 173-303-090 or 173-303-100. (When a characteristic waste is added to the universal waste regulations of this section by using a generic name to identify the waste category (e.g., batteries), the definition of universal waste in WAC 173-303-040 will be amended to include only the dangerous waste portion of the waste category (e.g., dangerous waste batteries).) Thus, only the portion of the waste stream that does exhibit one or more characteristics or criteria (i.e., is dangerous waste) is subject to the universal waste regulations of this section;
(b) The waste or category of waste is not exclusive to a specific industry or group of industries, is commonly generated by a wide variety of types of establishments (including, for example, households, retail and commercial businesses, office complexes, conditionally exempt small quantity generators, small businesses, government organizations, as well as large industrial facilities);
(c) The waste or category of waste is generated by a large number of generators (e.g., more than 1,000 nationally) and is frequently generated in relatively small quantities by each generator;
(d) Systems to be used for collecting the waste or category of waste (including packaging, marking, and labeling practices) would ensure close stewardship of the waste;
(e) The risk posed by the waste or category of waste during accumulation and transport is relatively low compared to other dangerous wastes, and specific management standards proposed or referenced by the petitioner (e.g., waste management requirements appropriate to be added to subsections (9), (20), and (30) of this section; and/or applicable Department of Transportation requirements) would be protective of human health and the environment during accumulation and transport;
(f) Regulation of the waste or category of waste under this section will increase the likelihood that the waste will be diverted from nondangerous waste management systems (e.g., the municipal waste stream, nondangerous industrial or commercial waste stream, municipal sewer or stormwater systems) to recycling, treatment, or disposal in compliance with the Hazardous Waste Management Act chapter 70.105 RCW, this chapter, and RCRA Subtitle C.
(g) Regulation of the waste or category of waste under this section will improve implementation of and compliance with the dangerous waste regulatory program; and/or
(h) Such other factors as may be appropriate.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-573, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98.]
(1) Applicability.
(a) The rules in this section identify when military munitions become a solid waste, and, if these wastes are also dangerous under this section or WAC 173-303-016 through 173-303-100, the management standards that apply to these wastes.
(b) Unless otherwise specified in this section, all applicable requirements in this chapter apply to waste military munitions.
(2) Definition of solid waste.
(a) A military munition is not a solid waste when:
(i) Used for its intended purpose, including:
(A) Use in training military personnel or explosives and munitions emergency response specialists (including training in proper destruction of unused propellant or other munitions); or
(B) Use in research, development, testing, and evaluation of military munitions, weapons, or weapon systems; or
(C) Recovery, collection, and on-range destruction of unexploded ordnance and munitions fragments during range clearance activities at active or inactive ranges. However, "use for intended purpose" does not include the on-range disposal or burial of unexploded ordnance and contaminants when the burial is not a result of product use.
(ii) An unused munition, or component thereof, is being repaired, reused, recycled, reclaimed, disassembled, reconfigured, or otherwise subjected to materials recovery activities, unless such activities involve use constituting disposal as defined in WAC 173-303-016 (5)(a), or burning for energy recovery as defined in WAC 173-303-016 (5)(b).
(b) An unused military munition is a solid waste when any of the following occurs:
(i) The munition is abandoned by being disposed of, burned, detonated (except during intended use as specified in (a) of this subsection), incinerated, or treated prior to disposal; or
(ii) The munition is removed from storage in a military magazine or other storage area for the purpose of being disposed of, burned, or incinerated, or treated prior to disposal; or
(iii) The munition is deteriorated or damaged (for example, the integrity of the munition is compromised by cracks, leaks, or other damage) to the point that it cannot be put into serviceable condition, and cannot reasonably be recycled or used for other purposes; or
(iv) The munition has been declared a solid waste by an authorized military official.
(c) A used or fired military munition is a solid waste:
(i) When transported off range or from the site of use, where the site of use is not a range, for the purposes of storage, reclamation, treatment, disposal, or treatment prior to disposal; or
(ii) If recovered, collected, and then disposed of by burial, or landfilling either on or off a range.
(d) A used or fired military munition is a solid waste, and, therefore, is potentially subject to corrective action under WAC 173-303-646 or imminent and substantial endangerment authorities under WAC 173-303-960, if the munition lands off-range and is not promptly rendered safe and/or retrieved. Any imminent and substantial threats associated with any remaining material must be addressed. If remedial action is infeasible, the operator of the range must maintain a record of the event for as long as any threat remains. The record must include the type of munition and its location (to the extent the location is known).
(e) Military munitions at closed or transferred ranges. Munitions discharged during military activities are discarded material (and therefore solid waste) for purposes of WAC 173-303-646 under the following circumstance:
The munition is left in place at the firing range at the time the range is closed or when the range is transferred from military control, whichever occurs first.
(3) Standards applicable to emergency responses.
Explosives and munitions emergencies involving military munitions or explosives are subject to WAC 173-303-170(5), 173-303-240 (6)(e), 173-303-400 (2)(c)(xii), 173-303-600 (3)(p), and 173-303-800 (7)(c), or alternatively to WAC 173-303-804.
(4) Standards applicable to the storage of solid waste military munitions.
(a) Criteria for dangerous waste regulation of waste non-chemical military munitions in storage.
(i) Waste military munitions that exhibit a dangerous waste characteristic, criteria, or are listed as dangerous waste under WAC 173-303-070 may be stored under the following conditions:
(A) The waste military munitions are not chemical agents or chemical munitions.
(B) The waste military munitions must be subject to the jurisdiction of the Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board (DDESB).
(C) The waste military munitions must be stored in accordance with the DDESB storage standards applicable to waste military munitions.
(D) Within ninety days of August 12, 1997, or within ninety days of when a storage unit is first used to store waste military munitions, whichever is later, the owner or operator must notify the department of the location of any waste storage unit used to store waste military munitions for which the conditional exemption in (a)(i) of this subsection is claimed.
(E) The owner or operator must provide oral notice to the department within twenty-four hours from the time the owner or operator becomes aware of any loss or theft of the waste military munitions, or any failure to meet a condition of (a)(i) of this subsection that may endanger health or the environment. In addition, a written submission describing the circumstances must be provided within five days from the time the owner or operator becomes aware of any loss or theft of the waste military munitions or any failure to meet a condition of (a)(i) of this subsection.
(F) The owner or operator must inventory the waste military munitions at least annually, must inspect the waste military munitions at least quarterly for compliance with the conditions of (a)(i) of this subsection, and must maintain records of the findings of these inventories and inspections for at least three years.
(G) Access to the stored waste military munitions must be limited to appropriately trained and authorized personnel.
(ii) The conditional exemption in (a)(i) of this subsection from regulation as dangerous waste applies only to the storage of nonchemical waste military munitions. It does not affect the regulatory status of waste military munitions as dangerous wastes with regard to transportation, treatment or disposal.
(iii) The conditional exemption in (a)(i) of this subsection applies only so long as all of the conditions in (a)(i) of this subsection are met.
(b) Notice of termination of waste storage. The owner or operator must notify the department when a storage unit identified in (a)(i)(D) of this subsection will no longer be used to store waste military munitions.
(c) Reinstatement of conditional exemption. If any waste military munition loses its conditional exemption under (a)(i) of this subsection, an application may be filed with the department for reinstatement of the conditional exemption from dangerous waste storage regulation with respect to such munition as soon as the munition is returned to compliance with the conditions of (a)(i) of this subsection. If the department finds that reinstatement of the conditional exemption is appropriate based on factors such as the owner's or operator's provision of a satisfactory explanation of the circumstances of the violation, or a demonstration that the violations are not likely to recur, the department may reinstate the conditional exemption under (a)(i) of this subsection. If the director does not take action on the reinstatement application within sixty days after receipt of the application, then reinstatement will be deemed granted, retroactive to the date of the application. However, the department may terminate a conditional exemption reinstated by default in the preceding sentence if it finds that reinstatement is inappropriate based on factors such as the owner's or operator's failure to provide a satisfactory explanation of the circumstances of the violation, or failure to demonstrate that the violations are not likely to recur. In reinstating the conditional exemption under (a)(i) of this subsection, the department may specify additional conditions as are necessary to ensure and document proper storage to protect human health and the environment.
(5) Standards applicable to the treatment and disposal of waste military munitions.
The treatment and disposal of dangerous waste military munitions are subject to the applicable permitting, procedural, and technical standards of this chapter.
[]
Purpose, scope, and applicability.
(1) The purpose of WAC 173-303-600 through 173-303-695, is to establish minimum state-wide standards which describe the acceptable management of dangerous waste. In addition to WAC 173-303-600 through 173-303-695, the final facility standards include WAC 173-303-280 through 173-303-395.
(2) The final facility standards apply to owners and operators of all facilities which treat, store or dispose of dangerous waste, and which are not exempted by subsection (3) of this section.
(3) The final facility standards do not apply to:
(a) Persons whose disposal activities are permitted under the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act, except that storage, or treatment facilities where dangerous waste is loaded onto an ocean vessel for incineration or disposal at sea are subject to final facility standards;
(b) Persons whose disposal activities are permitted under the underground injection control program of the Safe Drinking Water Act, except that storage, or treatment facilities needed to handle dangerous wastes are subject to final facility standards;
(c) The owner or operator of a POTW which treats, stores, or disposes of dangerous waste provided he has a permit by rule pursuant to the requirements of WAC 173-303-802(4);
(d) A generator accumulating waste on site in compliance with WAC 173-303-200;
(e) The owner or operator of a facility which is permitted to manage solid waste pursuant to chapter 173-304 WAC, if the only dangerous waste the facility manages is excluded from regulation under this chapter by WAC 173-303-070(8);
(f) A farmer disposing of waste pesticides from his own use provided he complies with WAC 173-303-160 (2)(b);
(g) A transporter storing a manifested shipment of dangerous waste for ten days or less in accordance with WAC 173-303-240(5);
(h) Any person, other than an owner or operator who is already subject to the final facility standards, who is carrying out an immediate or emergency response to contain or treat a discharge or potential discharge of a dangerous waste or hazardous substance;
(i) The owner or operator of a facility which is in compliance with the interim status requirements of WAC 173-303-400 and 173-303-805, until final administrative disposition of his final facility permit;
(j) The owner or operator of a totally enclosed treatment facility or elementary neutralization or wastewater treatment unit as defined in WAC 173-303-040, provided that he has a permit by rule pursuant to the requirements of WAC 173-303-802(5);
(k) The addition, by a generator, of absorbent material to waste in a container, or of waste to absorbent material in a container, provided that these actions occur at the time the waste is first placed in containers or, in the case of repackaging of previously containerized waste into new containers, at the time the waste is first placed into the new containers and the generator complies with WAC 173-303-200 (1)(b) and 173-303-395 (1)(a) and (b);
(l) The compaction or sorting of miscellaneous waste forms such as cans, rags, and bottles in a container, so long as the activity is solely for the purpose of reducing waste void space, and so long as these activities are conducted in a manner that protects human health and prevents any release to the environment and the generator complies with WAC 173-303-200 (1)(b) and 173-303-395 (1)(a) and (b);
(m) Generators treating dangerous waste on-site in tanks, containers, or containment buildings that are used for accumulation of such wastes provided the generator complies with the WAC 173-303-170(3);
(n) The owner or operator of an elementary neutralization
unit or a wastewater treatment unit as defined in WAC 173-303-040, provided that if the owner or operator is diluting
hazardous ignitable (D001) wastes (other than the D001 High TOC
Subcategory defined in 40 CFR section 268.40, Table Treatment
Standards for Hazardous Wastes), or reactive (D003) waste, to
remove the characteristic before land disposal, the
owner/operator must comply with the requirements set out in WAC 173-303-395 (1)(a); ((and))
(o) Universal waste handlers and universal waste transporters (as defined in WAC 173-303-040) handling the wastes listed below. These handlers are subject to regulation under WAC 173-303-573, when handling the below listed universal wastes.
(i) Batteries as described in WAC 173-303-573(2); and
(ii) Thermostats as described in WAC 173-303-573(3);
(p)(i) Except as provided in (p)(ii) of this subsection, a person engaged in treatment or containment activities during immediate response to any of the following situations:
(A) A discharge of a dangerous waste;
(B) An imminent and substantial threat of a discharge of dangerous waste;
(C) A discharge of a material that, when discharged, becomes a dangerous waste;
(D) An immediate threat to human health, public safety, property, or the environment, from the known or suspected presence of military munitions, other explosive material, or an explosive device, as determined by an explosive or munitions emergency response specialist as defined in WAC 173-303-040.
(ii) An owner or operator of a facility otherwise regulated by WAC 173-303-600 must comply with all applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-340 and 173-303-350.
(iii) Any person who is covered by (p)(i) of this subsection and who continues or initiates dangerous waste treatment or containment activities after the immediate response is over is subject to all applicable requirements of this chapter for those activities.
(iv) In the case of an explosives or munitions emergency response, if a federal, state, tribal or local official acting within the scope of his or her official responsibilities, or an explosives or munitions emergency response specialist, determines that immediate removal of the material or waste is necessary to protect human health or the environment, that official or specialist may authorize the removal of the material or waste by transporters who do not have EPA/state identification numbers and without the preparation of a manifest. In the case of emergencies involving military munitions, the responding military emergency response specialist's organizational unit must retain records for three years identifying the dates of the response, the responsible persons responding, the type and description of material addressed, and its disposition;
(q) WAC 173-303-578 identifies when the requirements of WAC 173-303-600 apply to the storage of military munitions classified as solid waste under WAC 173-303-578(2). The treatment and disposal of dangerous waste military munitions are subject to the applicable permitting, procedural, and technical standards in this chapter.
(4) Reserve.
(5) The owner or operator of a facility which recycles dangerous waste may, for such recycled wastes only, comply with the applicable recycling standards specified in WAC 173-303-120 and 173-303-500 through 173-303-525 in lieu of the final facility standards.
(6) The owner or operator must comply with the special land disposal restrictions for certain dangerous wastes in WAC 173-303-140.
(7) The final facility requirements apply to owners or operators of all facilities that treat, store, or dispose of hazardous wastes referred to in 40 CFR Part 268, which is incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-140(2).
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-600, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-600, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-600, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-600, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 88-18-083 (Order 88-29), § 173-303-600, filed 9/6/88; 88-07-039 (Order 87-37), § 173-303-600, filed 3/11/88; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-600, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-600, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-600, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-600, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Applicability.
(a) Subsections (2) through (6) of this section, (which concern closure), apply to the owners and operators of all dangerous waste facilities.
(b) Subsections (7) through (11) of this section, (which concern post-closure care), apply to the owners and operators of all regulated units (as defined in WAC 173-303-040) at which dangerous waste will remain after closure, to tank systems that are required under WAC 173-303-640(8) to meet the requirements of landfills, to surface impoundments, waste piles, and miscellaneous units as specified in WAC 173-303-650(6), 173-303-660(9), and 173-303-680(4), respectively; to containment buildings that are required under 40 CFR 264.1102 (incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-695) to meet the requirements for landfills; and, unless otherwise authorized by the department, to the owners and operators of all facilities which, at closure, cannot meet the removal or decontamination limits specified in subsection (2)(b) of this section.
(c) For the purposes of the closure and post-closure requirements, any portion of a facility which closes is subject to the applicable closure and post-closure standards even if the rest of the facility does not close and continues to operate.
(d) Except for subsection (2)(a) of this section, the director may, in an enforceable document, replace all or part of the requirements of this section and the unit-specific requirements referenced in subsection (2)(b) of this section with alternative requirements when he or she determines:
(i) A dangerous waste unit is situated among other solid waste management units or areas of concern, a release has occurred, and both the dangerous waste unit and one or more of the solid waste management units or areas of concern are likely to have contributed to the release; and
(ii) The alternative requirements will protect human health and the environment.
(2) Closure performance standard. The owner or operator must close the facility in a manner that:
(a)(i) Minimizes the need for further maintenance;
(ii) Controls, minimizes or eliminates to the extent necessary to protect human health and the environment, post-closure escape of dangerous waste, dangerous constituents, leachate, contaminated run-off, or dangerous waste decomposition products to the ground, surface water, ground water, or the atmosphere; and
(iii) Returns the land to the appearance and use of surrounding land areas to the degree possible given the nature of the previous dangerous waste activity.
(b) Where the closure requirements of this section, or of WAC 173-303-630(10), 173-303-640(8), 173-303-650(6), 173-303-655(6), 173-303-655(8), 173-303-660(9), 173-303-665(6), 173-303-670(8), 173-303-680 (2) through (4), or 40 CFR 264.1102 (incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-695) call for the removal or decontamination of dangerous wastes, waste residues, or equipment, bases, liners, soils or other materials containing or contaminated with dangerous wastes or waste residue, then such removal or decontamination must assure that the levels of dangerous waste or dangerous waste constituents or residues do not exceed:
(i) For soils, ground water, surface water, and air, the numeric cleanup levels calculated using residential exposure assumptions according to the Model Toxics Control Act Regulations, chapter 173-340 WAC as now or hereafter amended. Primarily, these will be numeric cleanup levels calculated according to MTCA Method B, although MTCA Method A may be used as appropriate, see WAC 173-340-700 through 173-340-760, excluding WAC 173-340-745; and
(ii) For all structures, equipment, bases, liners, etc., clean closure standards will be set by the department on a case-by-case basis in accordance with the closure performance standards of WAC 173-303-610 (2)(a)(ii) and in a manner that minimizes or eliminates post-closure escape of dangerous waste constituents.
(3) Closure plan; amendment of plan.
(a) The owner or operator of a dangerous waste management facility must have a written closure plan. In addition, certain surface impoundments and waste piles from which the owner or operator intends to remove or decontaminate the dangerous waste at partial or final closure are required by WAC 173-303-650(6) and 173-303-660(9) to have contingent closure plans. The plan must be submitted with the permit application, in accordance with WAC 173-303-806(4), and approved by the department as part of the permit issuance procedures under WAC 173-303-840. The approved closure plan will become a condition of any permit. The department's decision must assure that the approved closure plan is consistent with subsections (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6) of this section, and the applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-630(10), 173-303-640(8), 173-303-645, 173-303-650(6), 173-303-655(8), 173-303-660(9), 173-303-665(6), 173-303-670(8), 173-303-680(2), and 40 CFR 264.1102 (incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-695). A copy of the approved plan and all revisions to the plan must be furnished to the department upon request, including request by mail until final closure is completed and certified in accordance with subsection (6) of this section. The plan must identify steps necessary to perform partial and/or final closure of the facility at any point during its active life. The closure plan must include at least:
(i) A description of how each dangerous waste management unit at the facility will be closed in accordance with subsection (2) of this section;
(ii) A description of how final closure of the facility will be conducted in accordance with subsection (2) of this section. The description must identify the maximum extent of the operation which will be unclosed during the active life of the facility;
(iii) An estimate of the maximum inventory of dangerous
wastes ever on-site over the active life of the facility. (Any
change in this estimate is a ((minor)) Class 1 modification with
prior approval under WAC 173-303-830(4));
(iv) A detailed description of the methods to be used during partial closures and final closure, including, but not limited to, methods for removing, transporting, treating, storing, or disposing of all dangerous wastes, and identification of the type(s) of the off-site dangerous waste management units to be used, if applicable;
(v) A detailed description of the steps needed to remove or decontaminate all dangerous waste residues and contaminated containment system components, equipment, structures, and soils during partial and final closure, including, but not limited to, procedures for cleaning equipment and removing contaminated soils, methods for sampling and testing surrounding soils, and criteria for determining the extent of decontamination required to satisfy the closure performance standard;
(vi) A detailed description of other activities necessary during the closure period to ensure that all partial closures and final closure satisfy the closure performance standards, including, but not limited to, ground water monitoring, leachate collection, and run-on and run-off control;
(vii) A schedule for closure of each dangerous waste management unit and for final closure of the facility. The schedule must include, at a minimum, the total time required to close each dangerous waste management unit and the time required for intervening closure activities which will allow tracking of the progress of partial and final closure. (For example, in the case of a landfill unit, estimates of the time required to treat or dispose of all dangerous waste inventory and of the time required to place a final cover must be included.); and
(viii) For facilities that use trust funds to establish financial assurance under WAC 173-303-620 (4) or (6) and that are expected to close prior to the expiration of the permit, an estimate of the expected year of final closure.
(ix) For facilities where the director has applied alternative requirements under subsection (1)(d) of this section, WAC 173-303-645 (1)(e), or 173-303-620 (8)(d) the closure plan must include either the alternative requirements or a reference to the enforceable document that contains the alternative requirements.
(b) The owner or operator must submit a written notification of or request for a permit modification to authorize a change in operating plans, facility design, or the approved closure plan in accordance with the applicable procedures in WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840. The written notification or request must include a copy of the amended closure plan for review or approval by the department.
(i) The owner or operator may submit a written notification or request to the department for a permit modification to amend the closure plan at any time prior to the notification of partial or final closure of the facility.
(ii) The owner or operator must submit a written notification of or request for a permit modification to authorize a change in the approved closure plan whenever:
(A) Changes in operating plans or facility design affect the closure plan; or
(B) There is a change in the expected year of closure, if applicable; or
(C) In conducting partial or final closure activities, unexpected events require a modification of the approved closure plan; or
(D) The owner/operator requests the director apply alternative requirements under subsection (1)(d) of this section, WAC 173-303-645 (1)(e), or 173-303-620 (8)(d).
(iii) The owner or operator must submit a written request for a permit modification including a copy of the amended closure plan for approval at least sixty days prior to the proposed change in facility design or operation, or no later than sixty days after an unexpected event has occurred which has affected the closure plan. If an unexpected event occurs during the partial or final closure period, the owner or operator must request a permit modification no later than thirty days after the unexpected event. An owner or operator of a surface impoundment or waste pile that intends to remove all dangerous waste at closure and is not otherwise required to prepare a contingent closure plan under WAC 173-303-650(6) or 173-303-660(9), must submit an amended closure plan to the department no later than sixty days from the date that the owner or operator or department determines that the dangerous waste management unit must be closed as a landfill, subject to the requirements of WAC 173-303-665, or no later than thirty days from that date if the determination is made during partial or final closure. The department will approve, disapprove, or modify this amended plan in accordance with the procedures in WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840. The approved closure plan will become a condition of any permit issued.
(iv) The department may request modifications to the plan under the conditions described in (b)(ii) of this subsection. The owner or operator must submit the modified plan within sixty days of the department's request, or within thirty days if the change in facility conditions occurs during partial or final closure. Any modifications requested by the department will be approved in accordance with the procedures in WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840.
(c) Notification of partial closure and final closure.
(i) The owner or operator must notify the department in writing at least sixty days prior to the date on which he expects to begin closure of a surface impoundment, waste pile, land treatment, or landfill unit, or final closure of a facility with such a unit. The owner or operator must notify the department in writing at least forty-five days prior to the date on which he expects to begin final closure of a facility with only treatment or storage tanks, container storage, or incinerator units to be closed.
(ii) The date when he "expects to begin closure" must be either:
(A) No later than thirty days after the date on which any dangerous waste management unit receives the known final volume of dangerous wastes or, if there is a reasonable possibility that the dangerous waste management unit will receive additional dangerous wastes, no later than one year after the date on which the unit received the most recent volume of dangerous waste. If the owner or operator of a dangerous waste management unit can demonstrate to the department that the dangerous waste management unit or facility has the capacity to receive additional dangerous wastes and he has taken, and will continue to take, all steps to prevent threats to human health and the environment, including compliance with all applicable permit requirements, the department may approve an extension to this one-year limit; or
(B) For units meeting the requirements of subsection (4)(d) of this section, no later than thirty days after the date on which the dangerous waste management unit receives the known final volume of nondangerous wastes, or if there is a reasonable possibility that the dangerous waste management unit will receive additional nondangerous wastes, no later than one year after the date on which the unit received the most recent volume of nondangerous wastes. If the owner or operator can demonstrate to the department that the dangerous waste management unit has the capacity to receive additional nondangerous wastes and he has taken, and will continue to take, all steps to prevent threats to human health and the environment, including compliance with all applicable permit requirements, the department may approve an extension to this one-year limit.
(iii) If the facility's permit is terminated, or if the facility is otherwise ordered, by judicial decree or final order to cease receiving dangerous wastes or to close, then the requirements of (c) of this subsection do not apply. However, the owner or operator must close the facility in accordance with the deadlines established in subsection (4) of this section.
(iv) Removal of wastes and decontamination or dismantling of equipment. Nothing in this subsection will preclude the owner or operator from removing dangerous wastes and decontaminating or dismantling equipment in accordance with the approved partial or final closure plan at any time before or after notification of partial or final closure.
(4) Closure; time allowed for closure.
(a) Within ninety days after receiving the final volume of dangerous wastes, or the final volume of nondangerous wastes if the owner or operator complies with all applicable requirements in (d) and (e) of this subsection, at a dangerous waste management unit or facility, the owner or operator must treat, remove from the unit or facility, or dispose of on site, all dangerous wastes in accordance with the approved closure plan. The department may approve a longer period if the owner or operator complies with all applicable requirements for requesting a modification to the permit and demonstrates that he has taken and will continue to take all steps to prevent threats to human health and the environment, including compliance with all applicable permit requirements, and either:
(i) The activities required to comply with this paragraph will, of necessity, take longer than ninety days to complete; or
(ii)(A) The dangerous waste management unit or facility has the capacity to receive additional dangerous wastes, or has the capacity to receive nondangerous wastes if the owner or operator complies with (d) and (e) of this subsection;
(B) There is a reasonable likelihood that he or another person will recommence operation of the dangerous waste management unit or the facility within one year; and
(C) Closure of the dangerous waste management unit or facility would be incompatible with continued operation of the site.
(b) The owner or operator must complete partial and final closure activities in accordance with the approved closure plan and within one hundred eighty days after receiving the final volume of dangerous wastes, or the final volume of nondangerous wastes if the owner or operator complies with all applicable requirements in (d) and (e) of this subsection, at the dangerous waste management unit or facility. The department may approve an extension to the closure period if the owner or operator complies with all applicable requirements for requesting a modification to the permit and demonstrates that he has taken and will continue to take all steps to prevent threats to human health and the environment from the unclosed but not operating dangerous waste management unit or facility, including compliance with all applicable permit requirements, and either:
(i) The partial or final closure activities will, of necessity, take longer than one hundred eighty days to complete; or
(ii)(A) The dangerous waste management unit or facility has the capacity to receive additional dangerous wastes, or has the capacity to receive nondangerous wastes if the owner or operator complies with (d) and (e) of this subsection;
(B) There is reasonable likelihood that he or another person will recommence operation of the dangerous waste management unit or the facility within one year; and
(C) Closure of the dangerous waste management unit or facility would be incompatible with continued operation of the site.
(c) The demonstrations referred to in (a)(i) and (b)(i) of this subsection must be made as follows: The demonstrations in (a)(i) of this subsection must be made at least thirty days prior to the expiration of the specified ninety-day period; and the demonstration in (b)(i) of this subsection must be made at least thirty days prior to the expiration of the specified one hundred eighty-day period unless the owner or operator is otherwise subject to the deadlines in (d) of this subsection.
(d) The department may allow an owner or operator to receive only nondangerous wastes in a landfill, land treatment, or surface impoundment unit after the final receipt of dangerous wastes at that unit if:
(i) The owner or operator requests a permit modification in compliance with all applicable requirements in WAC 173-303-830 and 40 CFR Part 124 and in the permit modification request demonstrates that:
(A) The unit has the existing design capacity as indicated on the part A application to receive nondangerous wastes; and
(B) There is a reasonable likelihood that the owner or operator or another person will receive nondangerous wastes in the unit within one year after the final receipt of dangerous wastes; and
(C) The nondangerous wastes will not be incompatible with any remaining wastes in the unit, or with the facility design and operating requirements of the unit or facility under this part; and
(D) Closure of the dangerous waste management unit would be incompatible with continued operation of the unit or facility; and
(E) The owner or operator is operating and will continue to operate in compliance with all applicable permit requirements; and
(ii) The request to modify the permit includes an amended wastes analysis plan, ground water monitoring and response program, human exposure assessment required under RCRA section 3019, and closure and post-closure plan, and updated cost estimates and demonstrations of financial assurance for closure and post-closure care as necessary and appropriate, to reflect any changes due to the presence of dangerous constituents in the nondangerous wastes, and changes in closure activities, including the expected year of closure if applicable under subsection (3)(a)(viii) of this section, as a result of the receipt of nondangerous wastes following the final receipt of dangerous wastes; and
(iii) The request to modify the permit includes revisions, as necessary and appropriate, to affected conditions of the permit to account for the receipt of nondangerous wastes following receipt of the final volume of dangerous wastes; and
(iv) The request to modify the permit and the demonstration referred to in (d)(i) and (ii) of this subsection are submitted to the department no later than one hundred twenty days prior to the date on which the owner or operator of the facility receives the known final volume of dangerous wastes at the unit, or no later than ninety days after the effective date of this rule in the state in which the unit is located, whichever is later.
(e) In addition to the requirements in (d) of this subsection, an owner or operator of a dangerous wastes surface impoundment that is not in compliance with the liner and leachate collection system requirements in 42 U.S.C. 3004 (o)(1) and 3005 (j)(1) or 42 U.S.C. 3004 (o)(2) or (3) or 3005 (j)(2), (3), (4) or (13) must:
(i) Submit with the request to modify the permit:
(A) A contingent corrective measures plan, unless a corrective action plan has already been submitted under WAC 173-303-645(10); and
(B) A plan for removing dangerous wastes in compliance with (e)(ii) of this subsection; and
(ii) Remove all dangerous wastes from the unit by removing all dangerous liquids, and removing all dangerous sludges to the extent practicable without impairing the integrity of the liner(s), if any.
(iii) Removal of dangerous wastes must be completed no later than ninety days after the final receipt of dangerous wastes. The department may approve an extension to this deadline if the owner or operator demonstrates that the removal of dangerous wastes will, of necessity, take longer than the allotted period to complete and that an extension will not pose a threat to human health and the environment.
(iv) If a release that is a statistically significant increase (or decrease in the case of pH) over background values for detection monitoring parameters of constituents specified in the permit or that exceeds the facility's ground water protection standard at the point of compliance, if applicable, is detected in accordance with the requirements in WAC 173-303-645, the owner or operator of the unit:
(A) Must implement corrective measures in accordance with the approved contingent corrective measures plan required by (e)(i) of this subsection no later than one year after detection of the release, or approval of the contingent corrective measures plan, whichever is later;
(B) May continue to receive wastes at the unit following detection of the release only if the approved corrective measures plan includes a demonstration that continued receipt of wastes will not impede corrective action; and
(C) May be required by the department to implement corrective measures in less than one year or to cease the receipt of wastes until corrective measures have been implemented if necessary to protect human health and the environment.
(v) During the period of corrective action, the owner or operator must provide semiannual reports to the department that describe the progress of the corrective action program, compile all ground water monitoring data, and evaluate the effect of the continued receipt of nondangerous wastes on the effectiveness of the corrective action.
(vi) The department may require the owner or operator to commence closure of the unit if the owner or operator fails to implement corrective action measures in accordance with the approved contingent corrective measures plan within one year as required in (e)(iv) of this subsection, or fails to make substantial progress in implementing corrective action and achieving the facility's ground water protection standard or background levels if the facility has not yet established a ground water protection standard.
(vii) If the owner or operator fails to implement corrective measures as required in (e)(iv) of this subsection or if the department determines that substantial progress has not been made pursuant to (e)(vi) of this subsection the department will:
(A) Notify the owner or operator in writing that the owner or operator must begin closure in accordance with the deadline in (a) and (b) of this subsection and provide a detailed statement of reasons for this determination; and
(B) Provide the owner or operator and the public, through a newspaper notice, the opportunity to submit written comments on the decision no later than twenty days after the date of the notice.
(C) If the department receives no written comments, the decision will become final five days after the close of the comment period. The department will notify the owner or operator that the decision is final, and that a revised closure plan, if necessary, must be submitted within fifteen days of the final notice and that closure must begin in accordance with the deadlines in (a) and (b) of this subsection.
(D) If the department receives written comments on the decision, it will make a final decision within thirty days after the end of the comment period, and provide the owner or operator in writing and the public through a newspaper notice, a detailed statement of reasons for the final decision. If the department determines that substantial progress has not been made, closure must be initiated in accordance with the deadlines in (a) and (b) of this subsection.
(E) The final determinations made by the department under (e)(vii)(C) and (D) of this subsection are not subject to administrative appeal.
(5) Disposal or decontamination of equipment, structures and soils. During the partial and final closure periods, all contaminated equipment, structures and soils must be properly disposed of or decontaminated unless otherwise specified in WAC 173-303-640(8), 173-303-650(6), 173-303-655(8), 173-303-660(9), 173-303-665(6), or under the authority of WAC 173-303-680 (2) and (4). By removing any dangerous wastes or dangerous constituents during partial and final closure, the owner or operator may become a generator of dangerous waste and must handle that waste in accordance with all applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-230.
(6) Certification of closure. Within sixty days of completion of closure of each dangerous waste management unit (including tank systems and container storage areas), and within sixty days of the completion of final closure, the owner or operator must submit to the department by registered mail, a certification that the dangerous waste management unit or facility, as applicable, has been closed in accordance with the specifications in the approved closure plan. The certification must be signed by the owner or operator and by an independent registered professional engineer. Documentation supporting the independent registered professional engineer's certification must be furnished to the department upon request until it releases the owner or operator from the financial assurance requirements for closure under WAC 173-303-620(4).
(7) Postclosure care and use of property.
(a) Postclosure care for each dangerous waste management unit subject to postclosure requirements must begin after completion of closure of the unit and continue for thirty years after that date and must consist of at least the following:
(i) Ground water monitoring and reporting as required by WAC 173-303-645, 173-303-650, 173-303-655, 173-303-660, 173-303-665, and 173-303-680; and
(ii) Maintenance and monitoring of waste containment systems as applicable.
(b) Any time preceding partial closure of a dangerous waste management unit subject to postclosure care requirements or final closure, or any time during the postclosure period for a particular unit, the department may, in accordance with the permit modification procedures in WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840:
(i) Shorten the postclosure care period applicable to the dangerous waste management unit, or facility, if all disposal units have been closed, if it finds that the reduced period is sufficient to protect human health and the environment (e.g., leachate or ground water monitoring results, characteristics of the dangerous waste, application of advanced technology, or alternative disposal, treatment, or reuse techniques indicate that the dangerous waste management unit or facility is secure); or
(ii) Extend the postclosure care period applicable to the dangerous waste management unit or facility if it finds that the extended period is necessary to protect human health and the environment (e.g., leachate or ground water monitoring results indicate a potential for migration of dangerous waste at levels which may be harmful to human health and the environment).
(c) The department may require, at partial or final closure, continuation of any of the security requirements of WAC 173-303-310 during part or all of the postclosure period when:
(i) Dangerous wastes may remain exposed after completion of partial or final closure; or
(ii) Access by the public or domestic livestock may pose a hazard to human health.
(d) Postclosure use of property on or in which dangerous wastes remain after partial or final closure must never be allowed to disturb the integrity of the final cover, liner(s), or any other components of any containment system, or the function of the facility's monitoring systems, unless the department finds that the disturbance:
(i) Is necessary to the proposed use of the property, and will not increase the potential hazard to human health or the environment; or
(ii) Is necessary to reduce a threat to human health or the environment.
(e) All postclosure care activities must be in accordance with the provisions of the approved postclosure plan as specified in subsection (8) of this section.
(8) Postclosure plan; amendment of plan.
(a) The owner or operator of a dangerous waste disposal unit must have a written postclosure plan. In addition, certain surface impoundments and certain piles from which the owner or operator intends to remove or decontaminate the dangerous wastes at partial or final closure are required by WAC 173-303-650 and 173-303-660, respectively, to have written contingent postclosure plans. Owners or operators of surface impoundments and waste piles not otherwise required to prepare contingent postclosure plans under WAC 173-303-650 or 173-303-660 must submit a postclosure plan to the department within ninety days from the date that the owner or operator or department determines that the dangerous waste management unit must be closed as a landfill, subject to the postclosure requirements. The plan must be submitted with the permit application, in accordance with WAC 173-303-806, and approved by the department as part of the permit issuance procedures under WAC 173-303-840. The approved postclosure plan will become a condition of any permit issued.
(b) For each dangerous waste management unit subject to the requirements of this subsection, the postclosure plan must identify the activities which will be carried on after closure and the frequency of these activities, and include at least:
(i) A description of the planned ground water monitoring activities and frequencies at which they will be performed;
(ii) A description of the planned maintenance activities, and frequencies at which they will be performed to comply with WAC 173-303-645, 173-303-650, 173-303-655, 173-303-660, 173-303-665, and 173-303-680 during the post-closure care period, to ensure:
(A) The integrity of the cap and final cover or other containment structures in accordance with the requirements of 173-303-645, 173-303-650, 173-303-655, 173-303-660, 173-303-665, and 173-303-680; and
(B) The function of the facility monitoring equipment;
(iii) And the name, address, and phone number of the person or office to contact about the dangerous waste disposal unit or facility during the postclosure care period.
(c) Until final closure of the facility, a copy of the approved postclosure plan must be furnished to the department upon request, including request by mail. After final closure has been certified, the person or office specified in (b)(iii) of this subsection must keep the approved postclosure plan during the remainder of the postclosure period.
(d) Amendment of plan. The owner or operator must submit a written notification of or request for a permit modification to authorize a change in the approved postclosure plan in accordance with the applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840. The written notification or request must include a copy of the amended postclosure plan for review or approval by the department.
(i) The owner or operator may submit a written notification or request to the department for a permit modification to amend the postclosure plan at any time during the active life of the facility or during the postclosure care period.
(ii) The owner or operator must submit a written notification of or request for a permit modification to authorize a change in the approved postclosure plan whenever:
(A) Changes in operating plans or facility design affect the approved postclosure plan; or
(B) There is a change in the expected year of final closure, if applicable; or
(C) Events which occur during the active life of the facility, including partial and final closures, affect the approved postclosure plan; or
(D) The owner/operator requests the director apply alternative requirements under subsection (1)(d) of this section, WAC 173-303-645 (1)(e), or 173-303-620 (8)(d).
(iii) The owner or operator must submit a written request for a permit modification at least sixty days prior to the proposed change in facility design or operation, or no later than sixty days after an unexpected event has occurred which has affected the postclosure plan. An owner or operator of a surface impoundment or waste pile that intends to remove all dangerous waste at closure and is not otherwise required to submit a contingent postclosure plan under WAC 173-303-650 or 173-303-660 must submit a postclosure plan to the department no later than ninety days after the date that the owner or operator or department determines that the dangerous waste management unit must be closed as a landfill, subject to the requirements of WAC 173-303-665. The department will approve, disapprove, or modify this plan in accordance with the procedures in WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840. The approved postclosure plan will become a permit condition.
(iv) The department may request modifications to the plan under the conditions described in (d)(ii) of this subsection. The owner or operator must submit the modified plan no later than sixty days after the department's request, or no later than ninety days if the unit is a surface impoundment or waste pile not previously required to prepare a contingent postclosure plan. Any modifications requested by the department will be approved, disapproved, or modified in accordance with the procedures in WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840.
(9) Notice to local land authority. No later than the submission of the certification of closure of each dangerous waste disposal unit, the owner or operator of a disposal facility must submit to the local zoning authority or the authority with jurisdiction over local land use and to the department a survey plat indicating the location and dimensions of landfill cells or other dangerous waste disposal units with respect to permanently surveyed benchmarks. This plat must be prepared and certified by a professional land surveyor. The plat filed with the local zoning authority or the authority with jurisdiction over local land use must contain a note, prominently displayed, which states the owner's or operator's obligation to restrict disturbance of the dangerous waste disposal unit in accordance with the applicable requirements of this section. In addition, no later than sixty days after certification of closure of each dangerous waste disposal unit, the owner or operator must submit to the local zoning authority or the authority with jurisdiction over local land use and to the department, a record of the type, location, and quantity of dangerous wastes disposed of within each cell or other disposal unit of the facility. For wastes disposed of before November 19, 1980 (March 12, 1982, for facilities subject to this chapter but not subject to 40 CFR Part 264), the owner or operator must identify the type, location, and quantity of the dangerous wastes to the best of his knowledge and in accordance with any records he has kept.
(10) Notice in deed to property.
(a) No later than sixty days after certification of closure of each dangerous waste disposal unit, the owner or operator must submit to the local zoning authority, or the authority with jurisdiction over local land use, and to the department a record of the type, location, and quantity of dangerous wastes disposed of within each cell or other disposal unit of the facility. For hazardous wastes (as defined in WAC 173-303-040) disposed of before January 12, 1981, the owner or operator must identify the type, location, and quantity of the dangerous wastes to the best of his knowledge and in accordance with any records he has kept.
(b) Within sixty days of certification of closure of the first dangerous waste disposal unit and within sixty days of certification of closure of the last dangerous waste disposal unit, the owner or operator must:
(i) Record, in accordance with state law, a notation on the deed to the facility property, or on some other instrument which is normally examined during title search, that will in perpetuity notify any potential purchaser of the property that:
(A) The land has been used to manage dangerous wastes;
(B) Its use is restricted under this section; and
(C) The survey plat and record of the type, location, and quantity of dangerous wastes disposed of within each cell or other dangerous waste disposal unit of the facility required in subsection (9) of this section have been filed with the local zoning authority, or the authority with jurisdiction over local land use, and with the department; and
(ii) Submit a certification, signed by the owner or operator, that he has recorded the notation specified in (b)(i) of this subsection, including a copy of the document in which the notation has been placed, to the department.
(c) If the owner or operator or any subsequent owner of the land upon which a dangerous waste facility was located wishes to remove dangerous wastes and dangerous waste residues, the liner, if any, or contaminated soils, he must request a modification to the postclosure permit in accordance with the applicable requirements in WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840. The owner or operator must demonstrate that the removal of dangerous wastes will satisfy the criteria of subsection (7)(d) of this section. By removing dangerous waste, the owner or operator may become a generator of dangerous waste and must manage it in accordance with all applicable requirements of this chapter. If he is granted a permit modification or otherwise granted approval to conduct such removal activities, the owner or operator may request that the department approve either:
(i) The removal of the notation on the deed to the facility property or other instrument normally examined during title search; or
(ii) The addition of a notation to the deed or instrument indicating the removal of the dangerous waste.
(11) Certification of completion of postclosure care. No later than sixty days after completion of the established postclosure care period for each dangerous waste disposal unit, the owner or operator must submit to the department, by registered mail, a certification that the postclosure care period for the dangerous waste disposal unit was performed in accordance with the specifications in the approved postclosure plan. The certification must be signed by the owner or operator and an independent registered professional engineer. Documentation supporting the independent registered professional engineer's certification must be furnished to the department upon request until he releases the owner or operator from the financial assurance requirements for postclosure care under WAC 173-303-620(6).
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-610, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-610, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-610, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-610, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-610, filed 1/4/89; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-610, filed 6/26/87; 84-14-031 (Order DE 84-22), § 173-303-610, filed 6/27/84. Statutory Authority: RCW 70.95.260 and chapter 70.105 RCW. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-610, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Applicability.
(a) The requirements of subsections (3), (4), (7), (8), (9), and (10) of this section, apply to owners and operators of all dangerous waste facilities, except as provided otherwise in this section.
(b) The requirements of subsections (5) and (6) of this section apply to owners and operators of:
(i) Dangerous waste disposal facilities;
(ii) Tank systems that are required under WAC 173-303-640(8) to meet the requirements of landfills;
(iii) Miscellaneous units as specified in WAC 173-303-680(4);
(iv) Waste piles and surface impoundments to the extent that WAC 173-303-650 and 173-303-660, respectively, require that such facilities comply with this section; and
(v) Containment buildings that are required under WAC 173-303-695 to meet the requirements for landfills.
(c) States and the federal government are exempt from the requirements of this section. Operators of state or federally owned facilities are exempt from the requirements of this section, except subsections (3) and (5) of this section. Operators of facilities who are under contract with (but not owned by) the state or federal government must meet all of the requirements of this section.
(d) The director may, in an enforceable document, replace all or part of the requirements of this section with alternative requirements for financial assurance when he or she:
(i) Applies alternative requirements for ground water monitoring, closure or postclosure under WAC 173-303-610 (1)(d) or 173-303-645 (1)(e); and
(ii) Determines the alternative requirements for financial assurance will protect human health and the environment.
(2) Definitions. As used in this section, the following listed or referenced terms have the meanings given below:
(a) "Closure plan" means the plan for closure prepared in accordance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-610(3);
(b) "Current closure cost estimate" means the most recent of the estimates prepared in accordance with subsection (3) of this section;
(c) "Current postclosure cost estimate" means the most recent of the estimates prepared in accordance with subsection (5) of this section;
(d) "Parent corporation" means a corporation which directly owns at least fifty percent of the voting stock of the corporation which is the facility owner or operator; the latter corporation is deemed a "subsidiary" of the parent corporation;
(e) "Postclosure plan" means the plan for postclosure care prepared in accordance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-610 (7), (8), (9), and (10);
(f) "Regional administrator" means the department;
(g) "Hazardous waste" means dangerous waste; and
(h) The additional terms listed and defined in 40 CFR 264.141 (f), (g), and (h) are incorporated by reference.
(3) Cost estimate for facility closure.
(a) The owner or operator must have a detailed written estimate, in current dollars, of the cost of closing the facility in accordance with the requirements in WAC 173-303-610 (2) through (6), and applicable closure requirements in WAC 173-303-630(10), 173-303-640(5), 173-303-650(6), 173-303-655(8), 173-303-660(9), 173-303-665(6), 173-303-670(8), 173-303-680 (2) through (4) and 173-303-695. The closure cost estimate:
(i) Must equal the cost of closure at the point in the facility's operating life when the extent and manner of its operation would make closure the most expensive, as indicated by its closure plan (see WAC 173-303-610 (3)(a));
(ii) Must be based on the costs to the owner or operator of hiring a third party to close the facility. A third party is a party who is neither a parent nor a subsidiary of the owner or operator. (See definition of parent corporation in subsection (2)(d) of this section.) The owner or operator may use costs for on-site disposal if he can demonstrate that on-site disposal capacity will exist at all times over the life of the facility;
(iii) May not incorporate any salvage value that may be realized with the sale of dangerous wastes, or nondangerous wastes if applicable under WAC 173-303-610 (4)(d), facility structures or equipment, land, or other assets associated with the facility at the time of partial or final closure; and
(iv) May not incorporate a zero cost for dangerous wastes, or nondangerous wastes if applicable under WAC 173-303-610 (4)(d), that might have economic value.
(b) During the active life of the facility, the owner or operator must revise the closure cost estimate no later than thirty days after the department has approved the request to modify the closure plan, if the change in the closure plan increases the cost of closure. The revised closure cost estimate must be adjusted for inflation as specified in (c)(i) and (ii) of this subsection.
(c) During the active life of the facility, the owner or operator must adjust the closure cost estimate for inflation within sixty days prior to the anniversary date of the establishment of the financial instrument(s) used to comply with this section. For owners and operators using the financial test or corporate guarantee, the closure cost estimate must be updated for inflation within thirty days after the close of the firm's fiscal year and before submission of updated information to the department as specified in subsection (4) of this section. The adjustment may be made by recalculating the maximum costs of closure in current dollars, or by using an inflation factor derived from the most recent Implicit Price Deflator for Gross National Product or Gross Domestic Product as published by the United States Department of Commerce in its survey of current business. The inflation factor is the result of dividing the latest published annual deflator by the deflator for the previous year.
(i) The first adjustment is made by multiplying the closure cost estimate by the inflation factor. The result is the adjusted closure cost estimate.
(ii) Subsequent adjustments are made by multiplying the latest adjusted closure cost estimate by the latest inflation factor.
(d) During the operating life of the facility, the owner or operator must keep at the facility the latest closure cost estimate prepared in accordance with (a) and (b) of this subsection, and, when this estimate has been adjusted in accordance with (c) of this subsection, the latest adjusted closure cost estimate.
(4) Financial assurance for facility closure.
(a) An owner or operator of a TSD facility must establish financial assurance for closure of the facility. The owner or operator must choose from the following options or combination of options:
(i) Closure trust fund;
(ii) Surety bond guaranteeing payment into a closure trust fund;
(iii) Surety bond guaranteeing performance of closure;
(iv) Closure letter of credit;
(v) Closure insurance; or
(vi) Financial test and corporate guarantee for closure.
(b) In satisfying the requirements of financial assurance for facility closure in this subsection, the owner or operator must meet all the requirements set forth in 40 CFR 264.143 which are incorporated by reference. If the facilities covered by the mechanism are in more than one state, identical evidence of financial assurance must be submitted to and maintained with the state agency regulating hazardous waste or with the appropriate regional administrator if the facility is located in an unauthorized state.
(5) Cost estimate for postclosure monitoring and maintenance.
(a) The owner or operator of a facility subject to postclosure monitoring or maintenance requirements must have a detailed written estimate, in current dollars, of the annual cost of postclosure monitoring and maintenance of the facility in accordance with the applicable postclosure regulations in WAC 173-303-610 (7) through (10), 173-303-650(6), 173-303-655(8), 173-303-660(9), 173-303-665(6), and 173-303-680(4). The postclosure cost estimate must be based on the costs to the owner or operator of hiring a third party to conduct postclosure care activities. A third party is a party who is neither a parent nor a subsidiary of the owner or operator. (See definition of parent corporation in subsection (2)(d) of this section.) The postclosure cost estimate is calculated by multiplying the annual postclosure cost estimate by the number of years of postclosure care required by WAC 173-303-610.
(b) During the active life of the facility, the owner or operator must revise the postclosure cost estimate within thirty days after the department has approved the request to modify the postclosure plan, if the change in the postclosure plan increases the cost of postclosure care. The revised postclosure cost estimate must be adjusted for inflation as specified in (c)(i) and (ii) of this subsection.
(c) During the active life of the facility, the owner or operator must adjust the postclosure cost estimate for inflation within sixty days prior to the anniversary date of the establishment of the financial instrument(s) used to comply with subsection (6) of this section. For owners or operators using the financial test or corporate guarantee, the postclosure cost estimate must be updated for inflation within thirty days after the close of the firm's fiscal year and before the submission of updated information to the department as specified in subsection (6) of this section. The adjustment may be made by recalculating the postclosure cost estimate in current dollars or by using an inflation factor derived from the most recent Implicit Price Deflator for Gross National Product or Gross Domestic Product as published by the United States Department of Commerce in its Survey of Current Business. The inflation factor is the result of dividing the latest published annual deflator by the deflator for the previous year.
(i) The first adjustment is made by multiplying the postclosure cost estimate by the inflation factor. The result is the adjusted postclosure cost estimate.
(ii) Subsequent adjustments are made by multiplying the latest adjusted postclosure cost estimate by the latest inflation factor.
(d) During the operating life of the facility, the owner or operator must keep at the facility the latest postclosure cost estimate prepared in accordance with (a) and (b) of this subsection, and, when this estimate has been adjusted in accordance with (c) of this subsection, the latest adjusted postclosure cost estimate.
(6) Financial assurance for postclosure monitoring and maintenance.
(a) An owner or operator of a facility subject to postclosure monitoring or maintenance requirements must establish financial assurance for postclosure care in accordance with the approved postclosure care plan. He must choose from the following options or combination of options:
(i) Postclosure trust fund;
(ii) Surety bond guaranteeing payment into a postclosure trust fund;
(iii) Surety bond guaranteeing performance of postclosure care;
(iv) Postclosure letter of credit;
(v) Postclosure insurance; or
(vi) Financial test and corporate guarantee for postclosure care.
(b) In satisfying the requirements of financial assurance for facility postclosure care in this subsection, the owner or operator must meet all the requirements set forth in 40 CFR 264.145 which are incorporated by reference. If the facilities covered by the mechanism are in more than one state, identical evidence of financial assurance must be submitted to and maintained with the state agency regulating hazardous waste or with the appropriate regional administrator if the facility is located in an unauthorized state.
(7) Use of a mechanism for financial assurance of both closure and postclosure care. An owner or operator may satisfy the requirements for financial assurance for both closure and postclosure care for one or more facilities by using a trust fund, surety bond, letter of credit, insurance, financial test, or corporate guarantee that meets the specifications for the mechanism in both 40 CFR 264.143 and 264.145 which are incorporated by reference. The amount of funds available through the mechanism must be no less than the sum of funds that would be available if a separate mechanism had been established and maintained for financial assurance of closure and of postclosure care.
(8) Liability requirements.
(a) An owner or operator of a TSD facility or a group of such facilities must demonstrate financial responsibility for bodily injury and property damages to third parties caused by sudden accidental occurrences arising from operations of the facility or group of facilities. The owner or operator must meet the requirements of 40 CFR 264.147(a) which is incorporated by reference.
(b) An owner or operator of a facility with a regulated unit or units (as defined in WAC 173-303-040) or a disposal miscellaneous unit or units used to manage dangerous waste or a group of such facilities must demonstrate financial responsibility for bodily injury and property damage to third parties caused by nonsudden accidental occurrences arising from operations of the facility or group of facilities. The owner or operator must meet the requirements of 40 CFR 264.147(b), 264.177 (f), (g), (h), (i), and (j) which are incorporated by reference.
(c) Request for variance. If an owner or operator can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department that the levels of financial responsibility required by (a) or (b) of this subsection are not consistent with the degree and duration of risk associated with treatment, storage, or disposal at the facility or group of facilities, the owner or operator may obtain a variance from the department. The request for a variance must be submitted to the department as part of the application under WAC 173-303-806(4) for a facility that does not have a permit, or pursuant to the procedures for permit modification under WAC 173-303-830 for a facility that has a permit. If granted, the variance will take the form of an adjusted level of required liability coverage, such level to be based on the department's assessment of the degree and duration of risk associated with the ownership or operation of the facility or group of facilities. The department may require an owner or operator who requests a variance to provide such technical and engineering information as is deemed necessary by the department to determine a level of financial responsibility other than that required by (a) or (b) of this subsection. Any request for a variance for a permitted facility will be treated as a request for a permit modification under WAC 173-303-830.
(d) Adjustments by the department. If the department determines that the levels of financial responsibility required by (a) or (b) of this subsection are not consistent with the degree and duration of risk associated with treatment, storage, or disposal at the facility or group of facilities, the department may adjust the level of financial responsibility required under (a) or (b) of this subsection as may be necessary to protect human health and the environment. This adjusted level will be based on the department's assessment of the degree and duration of risk associated with the ownership or operation of the facility or group of facilities. In addition, if the department determines that there is a significant risk to human health and the environment from nonsudden accidental occurrences resulting from the operations of a facility that has no regulated units (as defined in WAC 173-303-040), it may require that the owner or operator of the facility comply with (b) of this subsection. An owner or operator must furnish to the department within a reasonable time, any information which the department requests to determine whether cause exists for such adjustments of level or type of coverage. Any adjustments of level or type of coverage for a facility that has a permit will be treated as a permit modification under WAC 173-303-830.
(e) Period of coverage. An owner or operator must continuously provide liability coverage for a facility as required by this subsection until certifications of closure of the facility, as specified in WAC 173-303-610(6), are received by the department.
(f) The following subsections are incorporated by reference: 40 CFR section 260.147(f), Financial test for liability coverage, (g) Guarantee for liability coverage, (h) Letter of credit for liability coverage, (i) Surety bond for liability coverage, and (j) Trust fund for liability coverage.
(9) Incapacity of owners or operators, guarantor or financial institutions.
(a) An owner or operator must notify the department by certified mail of the commencement of a voluntary or involuntary proceeding under Title 11 (Bankruptcy), United States Code, naming the owner or operator as debtor, within ten days after commencement of the proceeding. A guarantor of a corporate guarantee as specified in 40 CFR 264.143(f) and 264.145(f) must make such a notification if he is named as debtor, as required under the terms of the corporate guarantee (40 CFR 264.151(h)).
(b) An owner or operator who fulfills the requirements of 40 CFR 264.143, 264.145, or 264.147 (a) or (b) by obtaining a trust fund, surety bond, letter of credit, or insurance policy will be deemed to be without the required financial assurance or liability coverage in the event of bankruptcy of the trustee or issuing institution, or a suspension or revocation of the authority of the trustee institution to act as trustee or of the institution issuing the surety bond, letter of credit, or insurance policy to issue such instruments. The owner or operator must establish other financial assurance or liability coverage within sixty days after such an event.
(10) Wording of the instruments. The financial instruments required by this section must contain the wording specified by 40 CFR 264.151 which is incorporated by reference, except that:
(a) The words "regional administrator" and "environmental protection agency" must be replaced with the words Washington state department of ecology;
(b) The words "hazardous waste" must be replaced with the words "dangerous waste";
(c) Any other words specified by the department must be changed as necessary to assure financial responsibility of the facility in accordance with the requirements of this section; and
(d) Whenever 40 CFR 264.151 requires that owners and operators notify several regional administrators of their financial obligations, the owner or operator must notify both the department and all regional administrators of regions that are affected by the owner or operator's financial assurance mechanisms.
Copies of the financial instruments with the appropriate word changes will be available from the department by June 30, 1984.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-620, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-620, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-620, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-620, filed 1/4/89; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-620, filed 6/26/87; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-620, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: RCW 70.95.260 and chapter 70.105 RCW. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-620, filed 2/10/82. Formerly WAC 173-302-340.]
(1) Applicability. The regulations in this section apply to owners and operators of all dangerous waste facilities that store containers of dangerous waste.
(2) Condition of containers. If a container holding dangerous waste is not in good condition (e.g., severe rusting, apparent structural defects) or if it begins to leak, the owner or operator must transfer the dangerous waste from the container to a container that is in good condition or manage the waste in some other way that complies with the requirements of chapter 173-303 WAC. In addition, the owner or operator must address leaks and spills in accordance with the applicable provisions of WAC 173-303-145 and 173-303-360.
(3) Identification of containers. The owner or operator must label containers in a manner which adequately identifies the major risk(s) associated with the contents of the containers for employees, emergency response personnel and the public (Note -- If there is already a system in use that performs this function in accordance with local, state or federal regulations, then such system will be adequate). The owner or operator must affix labels upon transfer of dangerous wastes from one container to another. The owner or operator must destroy or otherwise remove labels from the emptied container, unless the container will continue to be used for storing dangerous waste at the facility. The owner or operator must ensure that labels are not obscured, removed, or otherwise unreadable in the course of inspection required under WAC 173-303-320.
(4) Compatibility of waste with containers. The owner or operator must use a container made of or lined with materials which will not react with, and are otherwise compatible with, the dangerous waste to be stored, so that the ability of the container to contain the waste is not impaired.
(5) Management of containers.
(a) A container holding dangerous waste must always be closed, except when it is necessary to add or remove waste.
(b) A container holding dangerous waste must not be opened, handled, or stored in a manner which may rupture the container or cause it to leak.
(c) A minimum thirty-inch separation is required between aisles of containers holding dangerous waste(s). A row of drums must be no more than two drums wide.
(6) Inspections. At least weekly, the owner or operator must inspect areas where containers are stored, looking for leaking containers and for deterioration of containers and the containment system caused by corrosion, deterioration, or other factors. The owner or operator must keep an inspection log including at least the date and time of the inspection, the printed name and the handwritten signature of the inspector, a notation of the observations made and the date and nature of any repairs or remedial actions taken. The log must be kept at the facility for at least five years from the date of inspection.
(7) Containment.
(a) Container storage areas must have a containment system that is capable of collecting and holding spills and leaks. In addition to the necessary leak containment capacity, uncovered storage areas must be capable of holding the additional volume that would result from the precipitation of a maximum twenty-five year storm of twenty-four hours duration. The containment system must:
(i) Have a base underlying the containers which is free of cracks or gaps and is sufficiently impervious to contain leaks, spills, and accumulated rainfall until the collected material is detected and removed. The base must be sloped or the containment system must be otherwise designed and operated to drain and remove liquids resulting from leaks, spills, or precipitation, unless the containers are elevated or are otherwise protected from contact with accumulated liquids;
(ii) Be designed for positive drainage control (such as a locked drainage valve) to prevent release of contaminated liquids and so that uncontaminated precipitation can be drained promptly for convenience of operation. Spilled or leaked waste and accumulated precipitation must be removed from the containment system in as timely a manner as is necessary to prevent overflow; and
(iii) Have sufficient capacity to contain ten percent of the volume of all containers or the volume of the largest container, whichever is greater. Only containers holding free liquids, or holding wastes designated as F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027 need to be considered in this determination.
(b) Run-on into the containment system must be prevented, unless the department waives this requirement in the permit after determining that the collection system has sufficient excess capacity in addition to that required in (a)(iii) of this subsection to accommodate any run-on which might enter the system.
(c) Storage areas that store containers holding only wastes that do not contain free liquids, do not exhibit either the characteristic of ignitability or reactivity as described in WAC 173-303-090 (5) or (7), and are not designated as F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027, need not have a containment system as described in this subsection: Provided, That:
(i) The storage area is sloped or is otherwise designed and operated to drain and remove liquid resulting from precipitation; or
(ii) The containers are elevated or are otherwise protected from contact with accumulated liquids.
(d) The department may require generators to protect their containers from the elements by means of a building or other protective covering if the department determines that such protection is necessary to prevent a release of waste or waste constituents due to the nature of the waste or design of the container. The building or other protective covering must allow adequate inspection under subsection (6) of this section.
(8) Special requirements for ignitable or reactive waste.
(a) Containers holding reactive waste exhibiting a
characteristic specified in WAC 173-303-090 (7)(a)(vi), (vii) or
(viii) must be stored in a manner equivalent to the Uniform Fire
Code's "American Table of Distances for Storage of Explosives,"
Table 77-201, ((1979)) 1997 edition or the version adopted by the
local fire district.
(b) The owner or operator must design, operate, and maintain ignitable waste and reactive waste (other than a reactive waste which must meet (a) of this subsection) container storage in a manner equivalent with the Uniform Fire Code. Where no specific standard or requirements are specified in the Uniform Fire Code, or in existing state or local fire codes, applicable sections of the NFPA Pamphlet # 30, "Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code," must be used. The owner/operator must also comply with the requirements of WAC 173-303-395 (1)(d).
(9) Special requirements for incompatible wastes.
(a) Incompatible wastes, or incompatible wastes and materials must not be placed in the same container, unless WAC 173-303-395 (1)(b) is complied with.
(b) Dangerous waste must not be placed in an unwashed container that previously held an incompatible waste or material.
(c) A storage container holding a dangerous waste that is incompatible with any waste or other materials stored nearby in other containers, piles, open tanks, or surface impoundments must be separated from the other materials or protected from them by means of a dike, berm, wall, or other device. Containment systems for incompatible wastes must be separate.
(10) Closure. At closure, all dangerous waste and dangerous waste residues must be removed from the containment system. Remaining containers, liners, bases, and soil containing or contaminated with dangerous waste or dangerous waste residues must be decontaminated or removed.
(11) Air emission standards. The owner or operator must manage all hazardous waste placed in a container in accordance with the applicable requirements of 40 CFR Subparts AA, BB, and CC, which are incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-690 through 173-303-692.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-630, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-630, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-630, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-630, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-630, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-630, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Applicability.
(a) The regulations in WAC 173-303-640 apply to owners and operators of facilities that use tank systems to treat or store dangerous waste, except as (b), (c), and (d) of this subsection provides otherwise.
(b) Tank systems that are used to store or treat dangerous
waste which contain no free liquids and are situated inside a
building with an impermeable floor are exempted from the
requirements in subsection (4) of this section. To demonstrate
the absence or presence of free liquids in the stored/treated
waste, the test method described in WAC 173-303-110 (3)(((c)(i)))
(a) must be used.
(c) Tank systems, including sumps, as defined in WAC 173-303-040, that serve as part of a secondary containment system to collect or contain releases of dangerous wastes are exempted from the requirements in subsection (4)(a) of this section.
(d) Tanks, sumps, and other such collection devices or systems used in conjunction with drip pads, as defined in WAC 173-303-040 and regulated under WAC 173-303-675, must meet the requirements of this section.
(2) Assessment of existing tank system's integrity.
(a) For each existing tank system, the owner or operator must determine that the tank system is not leaking or is unfit for use. Except as provided in (b) of this subsection, the owner or operator must obtain and keep on file at the facility a written assessment reviewed and certified by an independent, qualified registered professional engineer, in accordance with WAC 173-303-810 (13)(a), that attests to the tank system's integrity by January 12, 1988, for underground tanks that do not meet the requirements of subsection (4) of this section and that cannot be entered for inspection, or by January 12, 1990, for all other tank systems.
(b) Tank systems that store or treat materials that become dangerous wastes subsequent to January 12, 1989, must conduct this assessment within twelve months after the date that the waste becomes a dangerous waste.
(c) This assessment must determine that the tank system is adequately designed and has sufficient structural strength and compatibility with the waste(s) to be stored or treated, to ensure that it will not collapse, rupture, or fail. At a minimum, this assessment must consider the following:
(i) Design standard(s), if available, according to which the tank system was constructed;
(ii) Dangerous characteristics of the waste(s) that have been and will be handled;
(iii) Existing corrosion protection measures;
(iv) Documented age of the tank system, if available (otherwise, an estimate of the age); and
(v) Results of a leak test, internal inspection, or other tank system integrity examination such that:
(A) For nonenterable underground tanks, the assessment must include a leak test that is capable of taking into account the effects of temperature variations, tank end deflection, vapor pockets, and high water table effects; and
(B) For other than nonenterable underground tanks and for ancillary equipment, this assessment must include either a leak test, as described above, or other integrity examination, that is certified by an independent, qualified, registered professional engineer, in accordance with WAC 173-303-810 (13)(a), that addresses cracks, leaks, corrosion, and erosion.
| Note: | The practices described in the American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication, Guide for Inspection of Refinery Equipment, Chapter XIII, "Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks," 4th edition, 1981, may be used, where applicable, as guidelines in conducting other than a leak test. |
(e) The owner or operator must develop a schedule for conducting integrity assessments over the life of the tank to ensure that the tank retains its structural integrity and will not collapse, rupture, or fail. The schedule must be based on the results of past integrity assessments, age of the tank system, materials of construction, characteristics of the waste, and any other relevant factors.
(3) Design and installation of new tank systems or components.
(a) Owners or operators of new tank systems or components must obtain (and for facilities that are pursuing or have obtained a final status permit, submit to the department, at time of submittal of Part B information) a written assessment, reviewed and certified by an independent, qualified registered professional engineer, in accordance with WAC 173-303-810 (13)(a), attesting that the tank system has sufficient structural integrity and is acceptable for the storing and treating of dangerous waste. The assessment must show that the foundation, structural support, seams, connections, and pressure controls (if applicable) are adequately designed and that the tank system has sufficient structural strength, compatibility with the waste(s) to be stored or treated, and corrosion protection to ensure that it will not collapse, rupture, or fail. This assessment (which will be used by the department to review and approve or disapprove the acceptability of the tank system design at facilities which are pursuing or have obtained a final status permit) must include, at a minimum, the following information:
(i) Design standard(s) according to which tank system(s) are constructed;
(ii) Dangerous characteristics of the waste(s) to be handled;
(iii) For new tank systems or components in which the external shell of a metal tank or any external metal component of the tank system will be in contact with the soil or with water, a determination by a corrosion expert of:
(A) Factors affecting the potential for corrosion, including but not limited to:
(I) Soil moisture content;
(II) Soil pH;
(III) Soil sulfides level;
(IV) Soil resistivity;
(V) Structure to soil potential;
(VI) Influence of nearby underground metal structures (e.g., piping);
(VII) Existence of stray electric current;
(VIII) Existing corrosion-protection measures (e.g., coating, cathodic protection); and
(B) The type and degree of external corrosion protection that are needed to ensure the integrity of the tank system during the use of the tank system or component, consisting of one or more of the following:
(I) Corrosion-resistant materials of construction such as special alloys, fiberglass reinforced plastic, etc.;
(II) Corrosion-resistant coating (such as epoxy, fiberglass, etc.,) with cathodic protection (e.g., impressed current or sacrificial anodes); and
(III) Electrical isolation devices such as insulating joints, flanges, etc.
| Note: | The practices described in the National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) standard, "Recommended Practice (RP-02-85) -- Control of External Corrosion on Metallic Buried, Partially Buried, or Submerged Liquid Storage Systems," and the American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1632, "Cathodic Protection of Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks and Piping Systems," may be used, where applicable, as guidelines in providing corrosion protection for tank systems. |
(v) Design considerations to ensure that:
(A) Tank foundations will maintain the load of a full tank;
(B) Tank systems will be anchored to prevent flotation or dislodgment where the tank system is either placed in a saturated zone, or is located less than five hundred feet from a fault which has had displacement in Holocene times; and
(C) Tank systems will withstand the effects of frost heave.
(b) The owner or operator must develop a schedule for conducting integrity assessments over the life of the tank to ensure that the tank retains its structural integrity and will not collapse, rupture or fail. The schedule must be based on the results of past integrity assessments, age of the tank system, materials of construction, characteristics of the waste, and any other relevant factors.
(c) The owner or operator of a new tank system must ensure that proper handling procedures are adhered to in order to prevent damage to the system during installation. Prior to covering, enclosing, or placing a new tank system or component in use, an independent, qualified installation inspector or an independent, qualified, registered professional engineer, either of whom is trained and experienced in the proper installation of tank systems or components, must inspect the system for the presence of any of the following items:
(i) Weld breaks;
(ii) Punctures;
(iii) Scrapes of protective coatings;
(iv) Cracks;
(v) Corrosion;
(vi) Other structural damage or inadequate construction/installation.
All discrepancies must be remedied before the tank system is covered, enclosed, or placed in use.
(d) New tank systems or components that are placed underground and that are backfilled must be provided with a backfill material that is a noncorrosive, porous, homogeneous substance and that is installed so that the backfill is placed completely around the tank and compacted to ensure that the tank and piping are fully and uniformly supported.
(e) All new tanks and ancillary equipment must be tested for tightness prior to being covered, enclosed, or placed in use. If a tank system is found not to be tight, all repairs necessary to remedy the leak(s) in the system must be performed prior to the tank system being covered, enclosed, or placed into use.
(f) Ancillary equipment must be supported and protected against physical damage and excessive stress due to settlement, vibration, expansion, or contraction.
| Note: | The piping system installation procedures described in American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1615 (November 1979), "Installation of Underground Petroleum Storage Systems," or ANSI Standard B31.3, "Petroleum Refinery Piping," and ANSI Standard B31.4 "Liquid Petroleum Transportation Piping System," may be used, where applicable, as guidelines for proper installation of piping systems. |
(h) The owner or operator must obtain and keep on file at the facility written statements by those persons required to certify the design of the tank system and supervise the installation of the tank system in accordance with the requirements of (b) through (g) of this subsection, that attest that the tank system was properly designed and installed and that repairs, pursuant to (c) and (e) of this subsection, were performed. These written statements must also include the certification statement as required in WAC 173-303-810 (13)(a).
(4) Containment and detection of releases.
(a) In order to prevent the release of dangerous waste or dangerous constituents to the environment, secondary containment that meets the requirements of this subsection must be provided (except as provided in (f) and (g) of this subsection):
(i) For all new tank systems or components, prior to their being put into service;
(ii) For all existing tank systems used to store or treat Dangerous Waste Nos. F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, and F027, within two years after January 12, 1989;
(iii) For those existing tank systems of known and documented age, within two years after January 12, 1989, or when the tank system has reached fifteen years of age, whichever comes later;
(iv) For those existing tank systems for which the age cannot be documented, within eight years of January 12, 1989; but if the age of the facility is greater than seven years, secondary containment must be provided by the time the facility reaches fifteen years of age, or within two years of January 12, 1989, whichever comes later; and
(v) For tank systems that store or treat materials that become dangerous wastes subsequent to January 12, 1989, within the time intervals required in (a)(i) through (iv) of this subsection, except that the date that a material becomes a dangerous waste must be used in place of January 12, 1989.
(b) Secondary containment systems must be:
(i) Designed, installed, and operated to prevent any migration of wastes or accumulated liquid out of the system to the soil, ground water, or surface water at any time during the use of the tank system; and
(ii) Capable of detecting and collecting releases and accumulated liquids until the collected material is removed.
(c) To meet the requirements of (b) of this subsection, secondary containment systems must be at a minimum:
(i) Constructed of or lined with materials that are compatible with the waste(s) to be placed in the tank system and must have sufficient strength and thickness to prevent failure owing to pressure gradients (including static head and external hydrological forces), physical contact with the waste to which it is exposed, climatic conditions, and the stress of daily operations (including stresses from nearby vehicular traffic);
(ii) Placed on a foundation or base capable of providing support to the secondary containment system, resistance to pressure gradients above and below the system, and capable of preventing failure due to settlement, compression, or uplift;
(iii) Provided with a leak-detection system that is designed and operated so that it will detect the failure of either the primary or secondary containment structure or the presence of any release of dangerous waste or accumulated liquid in the secondary containment system within twenty-four hours, or at the earliest practicable time if the owner or operator can demonstrate to the department that existing detection technologies or site conditions will not allow detection of a release within twenty-four hours; and
(iv) Sloped or otherwise designed or operated to drain and remove liquids resulting from leaks, spills, or precipitation. Spilled or leaked waste and accumulated precipitation must be removed from the secondary containment system within twenty-four hours, or in as timely a manner as is possible to prevent harm to human health and the environment, if the owner or operator can demonstrate to the department that removal of the released waste or accumulated precipitation cannot be accomplished within twenty-four hours.
| Note: | If the collected material is a dangerous waste under WAC 173-303-070, it is subject to management as a dangerous waste in accordance with all applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-170 through 173-303-400 and WAC 173-303-600 through 173-303-695. If the collected material is discharged through a point source to waters of the United States, it is subject to the requirements of sections 301, 304, and 402 of the Clean Water Act, as amended. If discharged to a publicly owned treatment works (POTW), it is subject to the requirements of section 307 of the Clean Water Act, as amended. If the collected material is released to the environment, it may be subject to the reporting requirements of 40 CFR Part 302. |
(i) A liner (external to the tank);
(ii) A vault;
(iii) A double-walled tank; or
(iv) An equivalent device as approved by the department.
(e) In addition to the requirements of (b), (c), and (d) of this subsection, secondary containment systems must satisfy the following requirements:
(i) External liner systems must be:
(A) Designed or operated to contain one hundred percent of the capacity of the largest tank within its boundary;
(B) Designed or operated to prevent run-on or infiltration of precipitation into the secondary containment system unless the collection system has sufficient excess capacity to contain run-on or infiltration. Such additional capacity must be sufficient to contain precipitation from a twenty-five-year, twenty-four-hour rainfall event.
(C) Free of cracks or gaps; and
(D) Designed and installed to surround the tank completely and to cover all surrounding earth likely to come into contact with the waste if the waste is released from the tank(s) (i.e., capable of preventing lateral as well as vertical migration of the waste).
(ii) Vault systems must be:
(A) Designed or operated to contain one hundred percent of the capacity of the largest tank within its boundary;
(B) Designed or operated to prevent run-on or infiltration of precipitation into the secondary containment system unless the collection system has sufficient excess capacity to contain run-on or infiltration. Such additional capacity must be sufficient to contain precipitation from a twenty-five-year, twenty-four-hour rainfall event;
(C) Constructed with chemical-resistant water stops in place at all joints (if any);
(D) Provided with an impermeable interior coating or lining that is compatible with the stored waste and that will prevent migration of waste into the concrete;
(E) Provided with a means to protect against the formation of and ignition of vapors within the vault, if the waste being stored or treated:
(I) Meets the definition of ignitable waste under WAC 173-303-090(5); or
(II) Meets the definition of reactive waste under WAC 173-303-090(7), and may form an ignitable or explosive vapor.
(F) Provided with an exterior moisture barrier or be otherwise designed or operated to prevent migration of moisture into the vault if the vault is subject to hydraulic pressure.
(iii) Double-walled tanks must be:
(A) Designed as an integral structure (i.e., an inner tank completely enveloped within an outer shell) so that any release from the inner tank is contained by the outer shell;
(B) Protected, if constructed of metal, from both corrosion of the primary tank interior and of the external surface of the outer shell; and
(C) Provided with a built-in continuous leak detection system capable of detecting a release within twenty-four hours, or at the earliest practicable time, if the owner or operator can demonstrate to the department, and the department concludes, that the existing detection technology or site conditions would not allow detection of a release within twenty-four hours.
| Note: | The provisions outlined in the Steel Tank Institute's (STI) "Standard for Dual Wall Underground Steel Storage Tanks" may be used as guidelines for aspects of the design of underground steel double-walled tanks. |
(i) Aboveground piping (exclusive of flanges, joints, valves, and other connections) that are visually inspected for leaks on a daily basis;
(ii) Welded flanges, welded joints, and welded connections, that are visually inspected for leaks on a daily basis;
(iii) Sealless or magnetic coupling pumps and sealless valves, that are visually inspected for leaks on a daily basis; and
(iv) Pressurized aboveground piping systems with automatic shut-off devices (e.g., excess flow check valves, flow metering shutdown devices, loss of pressure actuated shut-off devices) that are visually inspected for leaks on a daily basis.
(g) The owner or operator may obtain a variance from the requirements of this subsection if the department finds, as a result of a demonstration by the owner or operator that alternative design and operating practices, together with location characteristics, will prevent the migration of any dangerous waste or dangerous constituents into the ground water, or surface water at least as effectively as secondary containment during the active life of the tank system or that in the event of a release that does migrate to ground water or surface water, no substantial present or potential hazard will be posed to human health or the environment. New underground tank systems may not, per a demonstration in accordance with (g)(ii) of this subsection, be exempted from the secondary containment requirements of this section.
(i) In deciding whether to grant a variance based on a demonstration of equivalent protection of ground water and surface water, the department will consider:
(A) The nature and quantity of the wastes;
(B) The proposed alternate design and operation;
(C) The hydrogeologic setting of the facility, including the thickness of soils present between the tank system and ground water; and
(D) All other factors that would influence the quality and mobility of the dangerous constituents and the potential for them to migrate to ground water or surface water.
(ii) In deciding whether to grant a variance based on a demonstration of no substantial present or potential hazard, the department will consider:
(A) The potential adverse effects on ground water, surface water, and land quality taking into account:
(I) The physical and chemical characteristics of the waste in the tank system, including its potential for migration;
(II) The hydrogeological characteristics of the facility and surrounding land;
(III) The potential for health risks caused by human exposure to waste constituents;
(IV) The potential for damage to wildlife, crops, vegetation, and physical structures caused by exposure to waste constituents; and
(V) The persistence and permanence of the potential adverse effects.
(B) The potential adverse effects of a release on ground water quality, taking into account:
(I) The quantity and quality of ground water and the direction of ground water flow;
(II) The proximity and withdrawal rates of ground water users;
(III) The current and future uses of ground water in the area; and
(IV) The existing quality of ground water, including other sources of contamination and their cumulative impact on the ground water quality.
(C) The potential adverse effects of a release on surface water quality, taking into account:
(I) The quantity and quality of ground water and the direction of ground water flow;
(II) The patterns of rainfall in the region;
(III) The proximity of the tank system to surface waters;
(IV) The current and future uses of surface waters in the area and any water quality standards established for those surface waters; and
(V) The existing quality of surface water, including other sources of contamination and the cumulative impact on surface-water quality.
(D) The potential adverse effects of a release on the land surrounding the tank system, taking into account:
(I) The patterns of rainfall in the region; and
(II) The current and future uses of the surrounding land.
(iii) The owner or operator of a tank system, for which a variance from secondary containment had been granted in accordance with the requirements of (g)(i) of this subsection, at which a release of dangerous waste has occurred from the primary tank system but has not migrated beyond the zone of engineering control (as established in the variance), must:
(A) Comply with the requirements of subsection (7) of this section, except subsection (7)(d) of this section; and
(B) Decontaminate or remove contaminated soil to the extent necessary to:
(I) Enable the tank system for which the variance was granted to resume operation with the capability for the detection of releases at least equivalent to the capability it had prior to the release; and
(II) Prevent the migration of dangerous waste or dangerous constituents to ground water or surface water.
(C) If contaminated soil cannot be removed or decontaminated in accordance with (g)(iii)(B) of this subsection, comply with the requirements of subsection (8) of this section.
(iv) The owner or operator of a tank system, for which a variance from secondary containment had been granted in accordance with the requirements of (g)(i) of this subsection, at which a release of dangerous waste has occurred from the primary tank system and has migrated beyond the zone of engineering control (as established in the variance), must:
(A) Comply with the requirements of subsection (7)(a), (b), (c), and (d) of this section; and
(B) Prevent the migration of dangerous waste or dangerous constituents to ground water or surface water, if possible, and decontaminate or remove contaminated soil. If contaminated soil cannot be decontaminated or removed or if ground water has been contaminated, the owner or operator must comply with the requirements of subsection (8)(b) of this section; and
(C) If repairing, replacing, or reinstalling the tank system, provide secondary containment in accordance with the requirements of (a) through (f) of this subsection or reapply for a variance from secondary containment and meet the requirements for new tank systems in subsection (3) of this section if the tank system is replaced. The owner or operator must comply with these requirements even if contaminated soil can be decontaminated or removed and ground water or surface water has not been contaminated.
(h) The following procedures must be followed in order to request a variance from secondary containment:
(i) The department must be notified in writing by the owner or operator that he intends to conduct and submit a demonstration for a variance from secondary containment as allowed in (g) of this subsection according to the following schedule:
(A) For existing tank systems, at least twenty-four months prior to the date that secondary containment must be provided in accordance with (a) of this subsection.
(B) For new tank systems, at least thirty days prior to entering into a contract for installation.
(ii) As part of the notification, the owner or operator must also submit to the department a description of the steps necessary to conduct the demonstration and a timetable for completing each of the steps. The demonstration must address each of the factors listed in (g)(i) or (ii) of this subsection;
(iii) The demonstration for a variance must be completed within one hundred eighty days after notifying the department of an intent to conduct the demonstration; and
(iv) If a variance is granted under this subsection, the department will require the permittee to construct and operate the tank system in the manner that was demonstrated to meet the requirements for the variance.
(i) All tank systems, until such time as secondary containment that meets the requirements of this section is provided, must comply with the following:
(A) For nonenterable underground tanks, a leak test that meets the requirements of subsection (2)(c)(v) of this section or other tank integrity method, as approved or required by the department, must be conducted at least annually.
(B) For other than nonenterable underground tanks, the owner or operator must either conduct a leak test as in (i)(A) of this subsection or develop a schedule and procedure for an assessment of the overall condition of the tank system by an independent, qualified registered professional engineer. The schedule and procedure must be adequate to detect obvious cracks, leaks, and corrosion or erosion that may lead to cracks and leaks. The owner or operator must remove the stored waste from the tank, if necessary, to allow the condition of all internal tank surfaces to be assessed. The frequency of these assessments must be based on the material of construction of the tank and its ancillary equipment, the age of the system, the type of corrosion or erosion protection used, the rate of corrosion or erosion observed during the previous inspection, and the characteristics of the waste being stored or treated.
(C) For ancillary equipment, a leak test or other integrity assessment as approved by the department must be conducted at least annually.
| Note: | The practices described in the American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication Guide for Inspection of Refinery Equipment, Chapter XIII, "Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks," 4th edition, 1981, may be used, where applicable, as guidelines for assessing the overall condition of the tank system. |
(E) If a tank system or component is found to be leaking or unfit for use as a result of the leak test or assessment in (h)(iv)(A) through (C) of this subsection, the owner or operator must comply with the requirements of subsection (7) of this section.
(5) General operating requirements.
(a) Dangerous wastes or treatment reagents must not be placed in a tank system if they could cause the tank, its ancillary equipment, or the containment system to rupture, leak, corrode, or otherwise fail.
(b) The owner or operator must use appropriate controls and practices to prevent spills and overflows from tank or containment systems. These include at a minimum:
(i) Spill prevention controls (e.g., check valves, dry disconnect couplings);
(ii) Overfill prevention controls (e.g., level sensing devices, high level alarms, automatic feed cutoff, or bypass to a standby tank); and
(iii) Maintenance of sufficient freeboard in uncovered tanks to prevent overtopping by wave or wind action or by precipitation.
(c) The owner or operator must comply with the requirements of subsection (7) of this section if a leak or spill occurs in the tank system.
(d) All tank systems holding dangerous waste must be marked with labels or signs to identify the waste contained in the tank. The label or sign must be legible at a distance of at least fifty feet, and must bear a legend which identifies the waste in a manner which adequately warns employees, emergency response personnel, and the public of the major risk(s) associated with the waste being stored or treated in the tank system(s). (Note -- If there already is a system in use that performs this function in accordance with local, state or federal regulations, then such system will be adequate.)
(e) All tank systems holding dangerous wastes which are acutely or chronically toxic by inhalation must be designed to prevent escape of vapors, fumes, or other emissions into the air.
(6) Inspections.
(a) The owner or operator must develop and follow a schedule and procedure for inspecting overfill controls.
(b) The owner or operator must inspect at least once each operating day:
(i) Aboveground portions of the tank system, if any, to detect corrosion or releases of waste;
(ii) Data gathered from monitoring any leak detection equipment (e.g., pressure or temperature gauges, monitoring wells) to ensure that the tank system is being operated according to its design; and
(iii) The construction materials and the area immediately surrounding the externally accessible portion of the tank system, including the secondary containment system (e.g., dikes) to detect erosion or signs of releases of dangerous waste (e.g., wet spots, dead vegetation).
| Note: | WAC 173-303-320 requires the owner or operator to remedy any deterioration or malfunction he finds. Subsection (7) of this section requires the owner or operator to notify the department within twenty-four hours of confirming a leak. Also, 40 CFR Part 302 may require the owner or operator to notify the National Response Center of a release. |
(i) The proper operation of the cathodic protection system must be confirmed within six months after initial installation and annually thereafter; and
(ii) All sources of impressed current must be inspected and/or tested, as appropriate, at least bimonthly (i.e., every other month).
| Note: | The practices described in the National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) standard, "Recommended Practice (RP-02-85) -- Control of External Corrosion on Metallic Buried, Partially Buried, or Submerged Liquid Storage Systems," and the American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1632, "Cathodic Protection of Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks and Piping Systems," may be used, where applicable, as guidelines in maintaining and inspecting cathodic protection systems. |
(7) Response to leaks or spills and disposition of leaking or unfit-for-use tank systems.
A tank system or secondary containment system from which there has been a leak or spill, or which is unfit for use, must be removed from service immediately, and the owner or operator must satisfy the following requirements:
(a) Cessation of use; prevent flow or addition of wastes. The owner or operator must immediately stop the flow of dangerous waste into the tank system or secondary containment system and inspect the system to determine the cause of the release.
(b) Removal of waste from tank system or secondary containment system.
(i) If the release was from the tank system, the owner/operator must, within twenty-four hours after detection of the leak or, if the owner/operator demonstrates that it is not possible, at the earliest practicable time, remove as much of the waste as is necessary to prevent further release of dangerous waste to the environment and to allow inspection and repair of the tank system to be performed.
(ii) If the material released was to a secondary containment system, all released materials must be removed within twenty-four hours or in as timely a manner as is possible to prevent harm to human health and the environment.
(c) Containment of visible releases to the environment. The owner/operator must immediately conduct a visual inspection of the release and, based upon that inspection:
(i) Prevent further migration of the leak or spill to soils or surface water; and
(ii) Remove, and properly dispose of, any visible contamination of the soil or surface water.
(d) Notifications, reports.
(i) Any release to the environment, except as provided in (d)(ii) of this subsection, must be reported to the department within twenty-four hours of its detection. Any release above the "reportable quantity" must also be reported to the National Response Center pursuant to 40 CFR Part 302.
(ii) A leak or spill of dangerous waste is exempted from the requirements of (d) of this subsection if it is:
(A) Less than or equal to a quantity of one pound, or the "Reportable Quantity" (RQ) established in 40 CFR Part 302, whichever is less; and
(B) Immediately contained and cleaned-up.
(iii) Within thirty days of detection of a release to the environment, a report containing the following information must be submitted to the department:
(A) Likely route of migration of the release;
(B) Characteristics of the surrounding soil (soil composition, geology, hydrogeology, climate);
(C) Results of any monitoring or sampling conducted in connection with the release (if available). If sampling or monitoring data relating to the release are not available within thirty days, these data must be submitted to the department as soon as they become available;
(D) Proximity to downgradient drinking water, surface water, and populated areas; and
(E) Description of response actions taken or planned.
(e) Provision of secondary containment, repair, or closure.
(i) Unless the owner/operator satisfies the requirements of (e)(ii) through (iv) of this subsection, the tank system must be closed in accordance with subsection (8) of this section.
(ii) If the cause of the release was a spill that has not damaged the integrity of the system, the owner/operator may return the system to service as soon as the released waste is removed and repairs, if necessary, are made.
(iii) If the cause of the release was a leak from the primary tank system into the secondary containment system, the system must be repaired prior to returning the tank system to service.
(iv) If the source of the release was a leak to the environment from a component of a tank system without secondary containment, the owner/operator must provide the component of the system from which the leak occurred with secondary containment that satisfies the requirements of subsection (4) of this section before it can be returned to service, unless the source of the leak is an aboveground portion of a tank system that can be inspected visually. If the source is an aboveground component that can be inspected visually, the component must be repaired and may be returned to service without secondary containment as long as the requirements of (f) of this subsection are satisfied. If a component is replaced to comply with the requirements of this subitem, that component must satisfy the requirements for new tank systems or components in subsections (3) and (4) of this section. Additionally, if a leak has occurred in any portion of a tank system component that is not readily accessible for visual inspection (e.g., the bottom of an inground or onground tank), the entire component must be provided with secondary containment in accordance with subsection (4) of this section prior to being returned to use.
(f) Certification of major repairs. If the owner/operator has repaired a tank system in accordance with (e) of this subsection, and the repair has been extensive (e.g., installation of an internal liner; repair of a ruptured primary containment or secondary containment vessel), the tank system must not be returned to service unless the owner/operator has obtained a certification by an independent, qualified, registered, professional engineer in accordance with WAC 173-303-810 (13)(a) that the repaired system is capable of handling dangerous wastes without release for the intended life of the system. This certification must be submitted to the department within seven days after returning the tank system to use.
| Note: | See WAC 173-303-320 for the requirements necessary to remedy a failure. Also, 40 CFR Part 302 may require the owner or operator to notify the National Response Center of certain releases. |
(a) At closure of a tank system, the owner or operator must remove or decontaminate all waste residues, contaminated containment system components (liners, etc.), contaminated soils, and structures and equipment contaminated with waste, and manage them as dangerous waste, unless WAC 173-303-070 (2)(a) applies. The closure plan, closure activities, cost estimates for closure, and financial responsibility for tank systems must meet all of the requirements specified in WAC 173-303-610 and 173-303-620.
(b) If the owner or operator demonstrates that not all contaminated soils can be practicably removed or decontaminated as required in (a) of this subsection, then the owner or operator must close the tank system and perform post-closure care in accordance with the closure and post-closure care requirements that apply to landfills (see WAC 173-303-665(6)). In addition, for the purposes of closure, post-closure, and financial responsibility, such a tank system is then considered to be a landfill, and the owner or operator must meet all of the requirements for landfills specified in WAC 173-303-610 and 173-303-620.
(c) If an owner or operator has a tank system that does not have secondary containment that meets the requirements of subsection (4)(b) through (f) of this section and is not exempt from the secondary containment requirements in accordance with subsection (4)(g) of this section, then:
(i) The closure plan for the tank system must include both a plan for complying with (a) of this subsection and a contingent plan for complying with (b) of this subsection.
(ii) A contingent post-closure plan for complying with (b) of this subsection must be prepared and submitted as part of the permit application.
(iii) The cost estimates calculated for closure and post-closure care must reflect the costs of complying with the contingent closure plan and the contingent post-closure plan, if those costs are greater than the costs of complying with the closure plan prepared for the expected closure under (a) of this subsection.
(iv) Financial assurance must be based on the cost estimates in (c)(iii) of this subsection.
(v) For the purposes of the contingent closure and post-closure plans, such a tank system is considered to be a landfill, and the contingent plans must meet all of the closure, post-closure, and financial responsibility requirements for landfills under this chapter (WAC 173-303-610 and 173-303-620).
(9) Special requirements for ignitable or reactive wastes.
(a) Ignitable or reactive waste must not be placed in tank systems unless:
(i) The waste is treated, rendered, or mixed before or immediately after placement in the tank system so that the resulting waste, mixture, or dissolution of material no longer meets the definition of ignitable or reactive waste under WAC 173-303-090, and 173-303-395 (1)(b) is complied with; or
(ii) The waste is stored or treated in such a way that it is protected from any material or conditions which may cause the waste to ignite or react; or
(iii) The tank system is used solely for emergencies.
(b) The owner or operator of a facility which treats or stores ignitable or reactive waste in tanks must locate the tanks in a manner equivalent to the National Fire Protection Association's buffer zone requirements for tanks, contained in Tables 2-1 through 2-6 of the NFPA-30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code -1981, or as required by state and local fire codes when such codes are more stringent. The owner or operator must also comply with the requirements of WAC 173-303-395 (1)(d).
(10) Special requirements for incompatible wastes.
(a) Incompatible wastes, or incompatible wastes and materials, must not be placed in the same tank system, unless WAC 173-303-395 (1)(b) is complied with.
(b) Dangerous waste must not be placed in a tank system that has not been decontaminated and that previously held an incompatible waste or material, unless WAC 173-303-395 (1)(b) is complied with.
(11) Air emission standards. The owner or operator must manage all hazardous waste placed in a tank in accordance with the applicable requirements of 40 CFR Subparts AA, BB, and CC, which are incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-690 through 173-303-692.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-640, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-640, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-640, filed 1/4/89; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-640, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-640, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-640, filed 2/10/82. Formerly chapter 173-302 WAC.]
(1) Applicability.
(a)(i) Except as provided in (b) of this subsection, the regulations in this section apply to owners and operators of facilities that treat, store, or dispose of dangerous waste. The owner or operator must satisfy the requirements identified in (a)(ii) of this subsection for all wastes (or constituents thereof) contained in solid waste management units at the facility, regardless of the time at which waste was placed in such units.
(ii) All solid waste management units must comply with the requirements in WAC 173-303-646(2). Regulated units (as defined in WAC 173-303-040) must comply with the requirements of subsections (2) through (12) of this section, in lieu of WAC 173-303-646(2), for purposes of detecting, characterizing, and responding to releases to the uppermost aquifer. The corrective action financial responsibility requirements of WAC 173-303-646(2) apply to corrective action regulated units.
(b) The owner or operator's regulated unit or units are not subject to regulation for releases into the uppermost aquifer under this section if:
(i) The owner or operator is exempted under WAC 173-303-600; or
(ii) He operates a unit which the department finds:
(A) Is an engineered structure;
(B) Does not receive or contain liquid waste or waste containing free liquids;
(C) Is designed and operated to exclude liquid, precipitation, and other run-on and run-off;
(D) Has both inner and outer layers of containment enclosing the waste;
(E) Has a leak detection system built into each containment layer;
(F) The owner or operator will provide continuing operation and maintenance of these leak detection systems during the active life of the unit and the closure and post-closure care periods; and
(G) To a reasonable degree of certainty, will not allow dangerous constituents to migrate beyond the outer containment layer prior to the end of the post-closure care period.
(iii) The department finds, pursuant to WAC 173-303-655 (8)(d), that the treatment zone of a land treatment unit does not contain levels of dangerous constituents that are above background levels of those constituents by an amount that is statistically significant, and if an unsaturated zone monitoring program meeting the requirements of WAC 173-303-655(6) has not shown a statistically significant increase in dangerous constituents below the treatment zone during the operating life of the unit. An exemption under this subsection can only relieve an owner or operator of responsibility to meet the requirements of this section during the post-closure care period; or
(iv) The department finds that there is no potential for migration of liquid from a regulated unit to the uppermost aquifer during the active life of the regulated unit (including the closure period) and the postclosure care period. This demonstration must be certified by a qualified geologist or geotechnical engineer. In order to provide an adequate margin of safety in the prediction of potential migration of liquid, the owner or operator must base any predictions made under this subsection on assumptions that maximize the rate of liquid migration.
(c) The regulations under this section apply during the active life of the regulated unit (including the closure period). After closure of the regulated unit, the regulations in this section:
(i) Do not apply if all waste, waste residues, contaminated containment system components, and contaminated subsoils are removed or decontaminated at closure in accordance with the removal or decontamination limits specified in WAC 173-303-610 (2)(b);
(ii) Apply during the postclosure care period if the owner or operator is conducting a detection monitoring program under subsection (9) of this section; and
(iii) Apply during the compliance period under subsection (7) of this section, if the owner or operator is conducting a compliance monitoring program under subsection (10) of this section, or a corrective action program under subsection (11) of this section.
(d) Regulations in this section may apply to miscellaneous units when necessary to comply with WAC 173-303-680 (2) through (4).
(e) The director may, in an enforceable document, replace all or part of the requirements of this section with alternative requirements for ground water monitoring and corrective action when he or she determines:
(i) A dangerous waste unit is situated among other solid waste management units or areas of concern, a release has occurred, and both the dangerous waste unit and one or more of the solid waste management units or areas of concern are likely to have contributed to the release; and
(ii) The alternative requirements will protect human health and the environment.
(2) Required programs.
(a) Owners and operators subject to this section must conduct a monitoring and response program as follows:
(i) Whenever dangerous constituents under subsection (4) of this section, from a regulated unit are detected at the compliance point under subsection (6) of this section, the owner or operator must institute a compliance monitoring program under subsection (10) of this section. Detected is defined as statistically significant evidence of contamination as described in subsection (9)(f) of this section;
(ii) Whenever the ground water protection standard under subsection (3) of this section, is exceeded, the owner or operator must institute a corrective action program under subsection (11) of this section. Exceeded is defined as statistically significant evidence of increased contamination as described in subsection (10)(h) of this section. Exceeded is defined as statistically significant evidence of contamination as described in WAC 173-303-645 (10)(d);
(iii) Whenever dangerous constituents under subsection (4) of this section, from a regulated unit exceed concentration limits under subsection (5) of this section, in ground water between the compliance point under subsection (6) of this section and the downgradient facility property boundary, the owner or operator must institute a corrective action program under subsection (11) of this section; and
(iv) In all other cases, the owner or operator must institute a detection monitoring program under subsection (9) of this section.
(b) The department will specify in the facility permit the specific elements of the monitoring and response program. The department may include one or more of the programs identified in (a) of this subsection, in the facility permit as may be necessary to protect human health and the environment and will specify the circumstances under which each of the programs will be required. In deciding whether to require the owner or operator to be prepared to institute a particular program, the department will consider the potential adverse effects on human health and the environment that might occur before final administrative action on a permit modification application to incorporate such a program could be taken.
(3) Ground water protection standard. The owner or operator must comply with conditions specified in the facility permit that are designed to ensure that dangerous constituents under subsection (4) of this section, detected in the ground water from a regulated unit do not exceed the concentration limits under subsection (5) of this section, in the uppermost aquifer underlying the waste management area beyond the point of compliance under subsection (6) of this section, during the compliance period under subsection (7) of this section. To the extent practical, the department will establish this ground water protection standard in the facility permit at the time the permit is issued. If the department determines that an established standard is not protective enough, or if the department decides that it is not practical to establish standards at the time of permit issuance, the department will establish the ground water protection standard in the facility permit when dangerous constituents have been detected in the ground water from a regulated unit.
(4) Dangerous constituents.
(a) The department will specify in the facility permit the dangerous constituents to which the ground water protection standard of subsection (3) of this section, applies. Dangerous constituents are constituents identified in 40 CFR Part 264 Appendix IX, which is adopted by reference (this list is available from the department), and any other constituents not listed there which have caused a waste to be regulated under this chapter, that may be or have been detected in ground water in the uppermost aquifer underlying a regulated unit and that are reasonably expected to be in or derived from waste contained in a regulated unit, unless the department has excluded them under (b) of this subsection.
The department may also specify in the permit indicator parameters (e.g., specific conductance, pH, total organic carbon (TOC), total organic halogen (TOX), or heavy metals), waste constituents or reaction products as identified in the detection monitoring program under subsection (9)(a) of this section, that provide a reliable indication of the presence of dangerous constituents in the ground water.
(b) The department will exclude a 40 CFR Part 264 Appendix IX, or other identified constituent from the list of dangerous constituents specified in the facility permit if it finds that the constituent is not capable of posing a substantial present or potential hazard to human health or the environment. In deciding whether to grant an exemption, the department will consider the following:
(i) Potential adverse effects on ground water quality, considering:
(A) The physical and chemical characteristics of the waste in the regulated unit, including its potential for migration;
(B) The hydrogeological characteristics of the facility and surrounding land;
(C) The quantity of ground water and the direction of ground water flow;
(D) The proximity and withdrawal rates of ground water users;
(E) The current and future uses of ground water in the area;
(F) The existing quality of ground water, including other sources of contamination and their cumulative impact on the ground water quality;
(G) The potential for health risks caused by human exposure to waste constituents;
(H) The potential damage to wildlife, crops, vegetation, and physical structures caused by exposure to waste constituents; and
(I) The persistence and permanence of the potential adverse effects;
(ii) Potential adverse effects on hydraulically-connected surface water quality, considering:
(A) The volume and physical and chemical characteristics of the waste in the regulated unit;
(B) The hydrogeological characteristics of the facility and surrounding land;
(C) The quantity and quality of ground water, and the direction of ground water flow;
(D) The patterns of rainfall in the region;
(E) The proximity of the regulated unit to surface waters;
(F) The current and future uses of surface waters in the area and any water quality standards established for those surface waters;
(G) The existing quality of surface water, including other sources of contamination and the cumulative impact on surface water quality;
(H) The potential for health risks caused by human exposure to waste constituents;
(I) The potential damage to wildlife, crops, vegetation, and physical structures caused by exposure to waste constituents; and
(J) The persistence and permanence of the potential adverse effects; and
(iii) Any identification of underground sources of drinking water and exempted aquifers made pursuant to chapter 90.48 RCW, chapter 270, Laws of 1983, and other applicable state laws and regulations.
(5) Concentration limits.
(a) The department will specify in the facility permit concentration limits in the ground water for dangerous constituents established under subsection (4) of this section. The concentration of a dangerous constituent:
(i) Must not exceed the background level of that constituent in the ground water at the time that limit is specified in the permit; or
(ii) For any of the constituents listed in Table 1 of this subsection, must not exceed the respective value given in that table if the background level of the constituent is below the value given in Table 1; or
(iii) Must not exceed an alternate limit established by the department under (b) of this subsection.
Table 1.
Maximum Concentration of Constituents
for Ground Water Protection
|
Maximum Concentration1 |
||
Arsenic |
0.05 |
||
| Barium | 1.0 | ||
| Cadmium | 0.01 | ||
| Chromium | 0.05 | ||
| Lead | 0.05 | ||
| Mercury | 0.002 | ||
| Selenium | 0.01 | ||
| Silver | 0.05 | ||
| Endrin | 0.0002 | ||
| Lindane | 0.004 | ||
| Methoxychlor | 0.1 | ||
| Toxaphene | 0.005 | ||
| 2,4-D | 0.1m | ||
| 2,4,5-TP Silvex | 0.01 | ||
| 1Milligrams per liter. |
(6) Point of compliance.
(a) The department will specify in the facility permit the point of compliance at which the ground water protection standard of subsection (3) of this section, applies and at which monitoring must be conducted. The point of compliance is a vertical surface located at the hydraulically downgradient limit of the waste management area that extends down into the uppermost aquifer underlying the regulated units. Alternatively, the point of compliance may be any closer points identified by the department at the time the permit is issued, considering the risks of the facility, the wastes and constituents managed there, the potential for waste constituents to have already migrated past the alternate compliance point, and the potential threats to ground and surface waters.
(b) The waste management area is the limit projected in the horizontal plane of the area on which waste will be placed during the active life of a regulated unit. The waste management area includes horizontal space taken up by any liner, dike, or other barrier designed to contain waste in a regulated unit. If the facility contains more than one regulated unit, the waste management area is described by an imaginary line circumscribing the several regulated units.
(7) Compliance period.
(a) The department will specify in the facility permit the compliance period during which the ground water protection standard of subsection (3) of this section applies. The compliance period is the number of years equal to the active life of the waste management area (including any waste management activity prior to permitting, and the closure period).
(b) The compliance period begins when the owner or operator initiates a compliance monitoring program meeting the requirements of subsection (10) of this section.
(c) If the owner or operator is engaged in a corrective action program at the end of the compliance period specified in (a) of this subsection, the compliance period is extended until the owner or operator can demonstrate that the ground water protection standard of subsection (3) of this section, has not been exceeded for a period of three consecutive years.
(8) General ground water monitoring requirements.
The owner or operator must comply with the requirements of this subsection for any ground water monitoring program developed to satisfy subsections (9), (10), or (11) of this section.
(a) The ground water monitoring system must consist of a sufficient number of wells, installed at appropriate locations and depths to yield ground water samples from the uppermost aquifer that:
(i) Represent the quality of background water that has not been affected by leakage from a regulated unit;
(A) A determination of background quality may include sampling of wells that are not hydraulically upgradient of the waste management area where:
(I) Hydrogeologic conditions do not allow the owner or operator to determine what wells are hydraulically upgradient; and
(II) Sampling at other wells will provide an indication of background ground water quality that is representative or more representative than that provided by the upgradient wells; and
(ii) Represent the quality of ground water passing the point of compliance.
(iii) Allow for the detection of contamination when dangerous waste or dangerous constituents have migrated from the waste management area to the uppermost aquifer.
(b) If a facility contains more than one regulated unit, separate ground water monitoring systems are not required for each regulated unit, provided that provisions for sampling the ground water in the uppermost aquifer will enable detection and measurement at the compliance point of dangerous constituents from the regulated units that have entered the ground water in the uppermost aquifer.
(c) All monitoring wells must be cased in a manner that maintains the integrity of the monitoring well bore hole. This casing must allow collection of representative ground water samples. Wells must be constructed in such a manner as to prevent contamination of the samples, the sampled strata, and between aquifers and water bearing strata. Wells must meet the requirements set forth in Parts 1 and 3 of chapter 173-160 WAC, "Minimum standards for construction and maintenance of wells."
(d) The ground water monitoring program must include at a minimum, procedures and techniques for:
(i) Decontamination of drilling and sampling equipment;
(ii) Sample collection;
(iii) Sample preservation and shipment;
(iv) Analytical procedures and quality assurance; and
(v) Chain of custody control.
(e) The ground water monitoring program must include consistent sampling and analytical methods that ensure reliable ground water sampling, accurately measure dangerous constituents and indicator parameters in ground water samples, and provide a reliable indication of ground water quality below the waste management area.
(f) The ground water monitoring program must include a determination of the ground water surface elevation each time ground water is sampled.
(g) In detection monitoring or where appropriate in compliance monitoring, data on each dangerous constituent specified in the permit will be collected from background wells and wells at the compliance point(s). The number and kinds of samples collected to establish background must be appropriate for the form of statistical test employed, following generally accepted statistical principles. The sample size must be as large as necessary to ensure with reasonable confidence that a contaminant release to ground water from a facility will be detected. The owner or operator will determine an appropriate sampling procedure and interval for each hazardous constituent listed in the facility permit which will be specified in the unit permit upon approval by the department. This sampling procedure will be:
(i) A sequence of at least four samples, taken at an interval that assures, to the greatest extent technically feasible, that an independent sample is obtained, by reference to the uppermost aquifer's effective porosity, hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic gradient, and the fate and transport characteristics of the potential contaminants; or
(ii) An alternate sampling procedure proposed by the owner or operator and approved by the department.
(h) The owner or operator will specify one of the following statistical methods to be used in evaluating ground water monitoring data for each hazardous constituent which, upon approval by the department, will be specified in the unit permit. The statistical test chosen must be conducted separately for each dangerous constituent in each well. Where practical quantification limits (pql's) are used in any of the following statistical procedures to comply with (i)(v) of this subsection, the pql must be proposed by the owner or operator and approved by the department. Use of any of the following statistical methods must be protective of human health and the environment and must comply with the performance standards outlined in (i) of this subsection.
(i) A parametric analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by multiple comparisons procedures to identify statistically significant evidence of contamination. The method must include estimation and testing of the contrasts between each compliance well's mean and the background mean levels for each constituent.
(ii) An analysis of variance (ANOVA) based on ranks followed by multiple comparisons procedures to identify statistically significant evidence of contamination. The method must include estimation and testing of the contrasts between each compliance well's median and the background median levels for each constituent.
(iii) A tolerance or prediction interval procedure in which an interval for each constituent is established from the distribution of the background data, and the level of each constituent in each compliance well is compared to the upper tolerance or prediction limit.
(iv) A control chart approach that gives control limits for each constituent.
(v) Another statistical test method submitted by the owner or operator and approved by the department.
(i) Any statistical method chosen under (h) of this subsection for specification in the unit permit must comply with the following performance standards, as appropriate:
(i) The statistical method used to evaluate ground water monitoring data must be appropriate for the distribution of chemical parameters or dangerous constituents. If the distribution of the chemical parameters or dangerous constituents is shown by the owner or operator to be inappropriate for a normal theory test, then the data should be transformed or a distribution-free theory test should be used. If the distributions for the constituents differ, more than one statistical method may be needed.
(ii) If an individual well comparison procedure is used to compare an individual compliance well constituent concentration with background constituent concentrations or a ground water protection standard, the test must be done at a Type I error level no less than 0.01 for each testing period. If a multiple comparisons procedure is used, the Type I experiment wise error rate for each testing period must be no less than 0.05; however, the Type I error of no less than 0.01 for individual well comparisons must be maintained. This performance standard does not apply to tolerance intervals, prediction intervals, or control charts.
(iii) If a control chart approach is used to evaluate ground water monitoring data, the specific type of control chart and its associated parameter values must be proposed by the owner or operator and approved by the department if it finds it to be protective of human health and the environment.
(iv) If a tolerance interval or a prediction interval is used to evaluate ground water monitoring data, the levels of confidence and, for tolerance intervals, the percentage of the population that the interval must contain, must be proposed by the owner or operator and approved by the department if it finds these parameters to be protective of human health and the environment. These parameters will be determined after considering the number of samples in the background data base, the data distribution, and the range of the concentration values for each constituent of concern.
(v) The statistical method must account for data below the limit of detection with one or more statistical procedures that are protective of human health and the environment. Any practical quantification limit (pql) approved by the department under (h) of this subsection that is used in the statistical method must be the lowest concentration level that can be reliably achieved within specified limits of precision and accuracy during routine laboratory operating conditions that are available to the facility.
(vi) If necessary, the statistical method must include procedures to control or correct for seasonal and spatial variability as well as temporal correlation in the data.
(j) Ground water monitoring data collected in accordance with (g) of this subsection including actual levels of constituents must be maintained in the facility operating record. The department will specify in the permit when the data must be submitted for review.
(9) Detection monitoring program. An owner or operator required to establish a detection monitoring program under this subsection must, at a minimum, discharge the responsibilities described in this subsection.
(a) The owner or operator must monitor for indicator parameters (e.g., pH, specific conductance, total organic carbon (TOC), total organic halogen (TOX), or heavy metals), waste constituents, or reaction products that provide a reliable indication of the presence of dangerous constituents in ground water. The department will specify the parameters or constituents to be monitored in the facility permit, after considering the following factors:
(i) The types, quantities, and concentrations of constituents in wastes managed at the regulated unit;
(ii) The mobility, stability, and persistence of waste constituents or their reaction products in the unsaturated zone beneath the waste management area;
(iii) The detectability of indicator parameters, waste constituents, and reaction products in ground water; and
(iv) The concentrations or values and coefficients of variation of proposed monitoring parameters or constituents in the ground water background.
(b) The owner or operator must install a ground water monitoring system at the compliance point, as specified under subsection (6) of this section. The ground water monitoring system must comply with subsection (8)(a)(ii), (b), and (c) of this section.
(c) The owner or operator must conduct a ground water monitoring program for each chemical parameter and dangerous constituent specified in the permit pursuant to (a) of this subsection in accordance with subsection (8)(g) of this section. The owner or operator must maintain a record of ground water analytical data as measured and in a form necessary for the determination of statistical significance under subsection (8)(h) of this section.
(d) The department will specify the frequencies for collecting samples and conducting statistical tests to determine whether there is statistically significant evidence of contamination for any parameter or dangerous constituent specified in the permit under (a) of this subsection in accordance with subsection (8)(g) of this section. A sequence of at least four samples from each well (background and compliance wells) must be collected at least semiannually during detection monitoring.
(e) The owner or operator must determine the ground water flow rate and direction in the uppermost aquifer at least annually.
(f) The owner or operator must determine whether there is statistically significant evidence of contamination for any chemical parameter of dangerous constituent specified in the permit pursuant to (a) of this subsection at a frequency specified under (d) of this subsection.
(i) In determining whether statistically significant evidence of contamination exists, the owner or operator must use the method(s) specified in the permit under subsection (8)(h) of this section. These method(s) must compare data collected at the compliance point(s) to the background ground water quality data.
(ii) The owner or operator must determine whether there is statistically significant evidence of contamination at each monitoring well as the compliance point within a reasonable period of time after completion of sampling. The department will specify in the facility permit what period of time is reasonable after considering the complexity of the statistical test and the availability of laboratory facilities to perform the analysis of ground water samples.
(g) If the owner or operator determines pursuant to (f) of this subsection that there is statistically significant evidence of contamination for chemical parameters or dangerous constituents specified pursuant to (a) of this subsection at any monitoring well at the compliance point, he or she must:
(i) Notify the department of this finding in writing within seven days. The notification must indicate what chemical parameters or dangerous constituents have shown statistically significant evidence of contamination:
(ii) Immediately sample the ground water in all monitoring wells and determine whether constituents in the list of Appendix IX of 40 CFR Part 264 (which is adopted by reference) are present, and if so, in what concentration.
(iii) For any Appendix IX compounds found in the analysis pursuant to (g)(ii) of this subsection, the owner or operator may resample within one month and repeat the analysis for those compounds detected. If the results of the second analysis confirm the initial results, then these constituents will form the basis for compliance monitoring. If the owner or operator does not resample for the compounds found pursuant to (g)(ii) of this subsection, the dangerous constituents found during this initial Appendix IX analysis will form the basis for compliance monitoring.
(iv) Within ninety days, submit to the department an application for a permit modification to establish a compliance monitoring program meeting the requirements of subsection (10) of this section. The application must include the following information:
(A) An identification of the concentration or any Appendix IX constituent detected in the ground water at each monitoring well at the compliance point;
(B) Any proposed changes to the ground water monitoring system at the facility necessary to meet the requirements of subsection (10) of this section;
(C) Any proposed additions or changes to the monitoring frequency, sampling and analysis procedures or methods, or statistical methods used at the facility necessary to meet the requirements of subsection (10) of this section;
(D) For each dangerous constituent detected at the compliance point, a proposed concentration limit under subsection (5)(a)(i) or (ii) of this section, or a notice of intent to seek an alternate concentration limit under subsection (5)(b) of this section; and
(v) Within one hundred eighty days, submit to the department:
(A) All data necessary to justify an alternate concentration limit sought under subsection (5)(b) of this section; and
(B) An engineering feasibility plan for a corrective action program necessary to meet the requirement of subsection (11) of this section unless:
(I) All dangerous constituents identified under (g)(ii) of this subsection are listed in Table I of subsection (5) of this section and their concentrations do not exceed the respective values given in that Table; or
(II) The owner or operator has sought an alternate concentration limit under subsection (5)(b) of this section for every dangerous constituent identified under (g)(ii) of this subsection.
(vi) If the owner or operator determines, pursuant to (f) of this subsection, that there is a statistically significant difference for chemical parameters or dangerous constituents specified pursuant to (a) of this subsection at any monitoring well at the compliance point, he or she may demonstrate that a source other than a regulated unit caused the contamination or that the detection is an artifact caused by an error in sampling, analysis, or statistical evaluation or natural variation in the ground water. The owner operator may make a demonstration under this subsection in addition to, or in lieu of, submitting a permit modification application under (g)(iv) of this subsection; however, the owner or operator is not relieved of the requirement to submit a permit modification application within the time specified in (g)(iv) of this subsection unless the demonstration made under this subsection successfully shows that a source other than a regulated unit caused the increase, or that the increase resulted from error in sampling, analysis, or evaluation. In making a demonstration under this subsection, the owner or operator must:
(A) Notify the department in writing within seven days of determining statistically significant evidence of contamination at the compliance point that he intends to make a demonstration under this subsection;
(B) Within ninety days, submit a report to the department which demonstrates that a source other than a regulated unit caused the contamination or that the contamination resulted from error in sampling, analysis, or evaluation;
(C) Within ninety days, submit to the department an application for a permit modification to make any appropriate changes to the detection monitoring program facility; and
(D) Continue to monitor in accordance with the detection monitoring program established under this section.
(h) If the owner or operator determines that the detection monitoring program no longer satisfies the requirements of this section, he or she must, within ninety days, submit an application for a permit modification to make any appropriate changes to the program.
(10) Compliance monitoring program. An owner or operator required to establish a compliance monitoring program under this section must, at a minimum, discharge the responsibilities described in this subsection.
(a) The owner or operator must monitor the ground water to determine whether regulated units are in compliance with the ground water protection standard under subsection (3) of this section. The department will specify the ground water protection standard in the facility permit, including:
(i) A list of the dangerous constituents and parameters identified under subsection (4) of this section;
(ii) Concentration limits under subsection (5) of this section for each of those dangerous constituents and parameters;
(iii) The compliance point under subsection (6) of this section; and
(iv) The compliance period under subsection (7) of this section.
(b) The owner or operator must install a ground water monitoring system at the compliance point as specified under subsection (6) of this section. The ground water monitoring system must comply with subsection (8)(a)(ii), (b), and (c) of this section.
(c) The department will specify the sampling procedures and statistical methods appropriate for the constituents and the facility, consistent with subsection (8)(g) and (h) of this section.
(i) The owner or operator must conduct a sampling program for each chemical parameter or dangerous constituent in accordance with subsection (8)(g) of this section.
(ii) The owner or operator must record ground water analytical data as measured and in form necessary for the determination of statistical significance under subsection (8)(h) of this section for the compliance period of the facility.
(d) The owner or operator must determine whether there is statistically significant evidence of increased contamination for any chemical parameter or dangerous constituent specified in the permit, pursuant to (a) of this subsection, at a frequency specified under (f) of this subsection.
(i) In determining whether statistically significant evidence of increased contamination exists, the owner or operator must use the method(s) specified in the permit under subsection (8)(h) of this section. The method(s) must compare data collected at the compliance point(s) to a concentration limit developed in accordance with subsection (5) of this section.
(ii) The owner or operator must determine whether there is statistically significant evidence of increased contamination at each monitoring well at the compliance point within a reasonable time period after completion of sampling. The department will specify that time period in the facility permit, after considering the complexity of the statistical test and the availability of laboratory facilities to perform the analysis of ground water samples.
(e) The owner or operator must determine the rate and direction of ground water flow in the uppermost aquifer at least annually.
(f) The department will specify the frequencies for collecting samples and conducting statistical tests to determine statistically significant evidence of increased contamination in accordance with subsection (8)(g) of this section. A sequence of at least four samples from each well (background and compliance wells) must be collected at least semiannually during the compliance period of the facility.
(g) The owner or operator must analyze samples from all monitoring wells at the compliance point for all constituents contained in Appendix IX of Part 264 at least annually to determine whether additional dangerous constituents are present in the uppermost aquifer and, if so, at what concentration, pursuant to procedures in (f) of this subsection. If the owner or operator finds Appendix IX constituents in the ground water that are not already identified in the permit as monitoring constituents, the owner or operator may resample within one month and repeat the Appendix IX analysis. If the second analysis confirms the presence of new constituents, the owner or operator must report the concentration of these additional constituents to the department within seven days after the completion of the second analysis and add them to the monitoring list. If the owner or operator chooses not to resample, then he or she must report the concentrations of these additional constituents to the department within seven days after completion of the initial analysis and add them to the monitoring list. If the owner or operator determines, pursuant to (d) of this subsection, that any concentration limits under subsection (5) of this section are being exceeded at any monitoring well at the point of compliance, he must:
(i) Notify the department of this finding in writing within seven days. The notification must indicate what concentration limits have been exceeded;
(ii) Submit to the department an application for a permit modification to establish a corrective action program meeting the requirements of subsection (11) of this section, within ninety days, or within sixty days if an engineering feasibility study has been previously submitted to the department under subsection (9)(h)(v) of this section. For regulated units managing EHW, time frames of sixty days and forty-five days, respectively will apply. However, if the department finds that the full extent of the ninety/sixty-day or the sixty/forty-five-day time periods will increase the likelihood to cause a threat to public health, or the environment, it can at its discretion reduce their duration. In specifying shorter limits, the department will consider the following factors:
(A) The physical and chemical characteristics of the dangerous constituents and parameters in the ground water;
(B) The hydrogeological characteristics of the facility and of the surrounding land;
(C) The rate of movement and direction of flow of the affected ground water;
(D) The proximity to and withdrawal rates of ground water users downgradient; and
(E) The current and future uses of ground water in the concerned area; and
(iii) The application must at a minimum include the following information:
(A) A detailed description of corrective actions that will achieve compliance with the ground water protection standard specified in the permit; and
(B) A plan for a ground water monitoring program that will demonstrate the effectiveness of the corrective action.
(i) If the owner or operator determines, pursuant to (d) of this subsection, that the ground water concentration limits under this section are being exceeded at any monitoring well at the point of compliance, he may demonstrate that a source other than a regulated unit caused the contamination or that the detection is an artifact caused by an error in sampling, analysis, or statistical evaluation or natural variation in the ground water. In making a demonstration under this subsection, the owner or operator must:
(i) Notify the department in writing within seven days that he intends to make a demonstration under this subsection;
(ii) Within forty-five days, submit a report to the department which demonstrates that a source other than a regulated unit caused the standard to be exceeded or that the apparent noncompliance with the standards resulted from error in sampling, analysis, or evaluation;
(iii) Within forty-five days, submit to the department an application for a permit modification to make appropriate changes to the compliance monitoring program at the facility; and
(iv) Continue to monitor in accord with the compliance monitoring program established under this section.
(j) If the owner or operator determines that the compliance monitoring program no longer satisfies the requirements of this section, he must, within forty-five days, submit an application for a permit modification to make any appropriate changes to the program.
(11) Corrective action program. An owner or operator required to establish a corrective action program under this section must, at a minimum, discharge the responsibilities described in this subsection.
(a) The owner or operator must take corrective action to ensure that regulated units are in compliance with the ground water protection standard under subsection (3) of this section. The department will specify the ground water protection standard in the facility permit, including:
(i) A list of the dangerous constituents and parameters identified under subsection (4) of this section;
(ii) Concentration limits under subsection (5) of this section, for each of those dangerous constituents and parameters;
(iii) The compliance point under subsection (6) of this section; and
(iv) The compliance period under subsection (7) of this section.
(b) The owner or operator must implement a corrective action program that prevents dangerous constituents and parameters from exceeding their respective concentration limits at the compliance point by removing the dangerous waste constituents and parameters or treating them in place. The permit will specify the specific measures that will be taken.
(c) The owner or operator must begin corrective action within a reasonable time period after the ground water protection standard is exceeded. The department will specify that time period in the facility permit. If a facility permit includes a corrective action program in addition to a compliance monitoring program, the permit will specify when the corrective action will begin and such a requirement will operate in lieu of subsection (10)(i)(ii) of this section.
(d) In conjunction with a corrective action program, the owner or operator must establish and implement a ground water monitoring program to demonstrate the effectiveness of the corrective action program. Such a monitoring program may be based on the requirements for a compliance monitoring program under subsection (10) of this section, and must be as effective as that program in determining compliance with the ground water protection standard under subsection (3) of this section, and in determining the success of a corrective action program under (e) of this subsection, where appropriate.
(e) In addition to the other requirements of this section, the owner or operator must conduct a corrective action program to remove or treat in place any dangerous constituents or parameters under subsection (4) of this section, that exceed concentration limits under subsection (5) of this section, in ground water between the compliance point under subsection (6) of this section, and the downgradient facility property boundary; and beyond the facility boundary, where necessary to protect human health and the environment, unless the owner or operator demonstrates to the satisfaction of the department that, despite the owner's or operator's best efforts, the owner or operator was unable to obtain the necessary permission to undertake such action. The owner/operator is not relieved of all responsibility to clean up a release that has migrated beyond the facility boundary where off-site access is denied. On-site measures to address such releases will be determined on a case-by-case basis. For a facility seeking or required to have a permit, the corrective action measures to be taken must be specified in the permit.
(i) Corrective action measures under this subsection must be initiated at the effective date of the modified permit and completed without time delays considering the extent of contamination.
(ii) Corrective action measures under this subsection may be terminated once the concentration of dangerous constituents and parameters under subsection (4) of this section, is reduced to levels below their respective concentration limits under subsection (5) of this section.
(f) The owner or operator must continue corrective action measures during the compliance period to the extent necessary to ensure that the ground water protection standard is not exceeded. If the owner or operator is conducting corrective action at the end of the compliance period, he must continue that corrective action for as long as necessary to achieve compliance with the ground water protection standard. The owner or operator may terminate corrective action measures taken beyond the period equal to the active life of the waste management area (including the closure period) if he can demonstrate, based on data from the ground water monitoring program under (d) of this subsection, that the ground water protection standard of subsection (3) of this section, has not been exceeded for a period of three consecutive years.
(g) The owner or operator must report in writing to the department on the effectiveness of the corrective action program. The owner or operator must submit these reports semiannually.
(h) If the owner or operator determines that the corrective action program no longer satisfies the requirements of this section, he must, within forty-five days, submit an application for a permit modification to make any appropriate changes to the program.
(12) Use of the Model Toxics Control Act.
(a) The department may require the owner/operator of a facility to fulfill his corrective action responsibilities under WAC 173-303-645 using an enforceable action issued pursuant to the Model Toxics Control Act, as amended, (chapter 70.105D RCW) and its implementing regulations.
(b) Corrective action requirements imposed by an action issued pursuant to the Model Toxics Control Act will be in compliance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-645 and the requirements of chapter 173-303 WAC to the extent required by RCW 70.105D.030 (2)(d) and WAC 173-340-710.
(c) In the case of facilities seeking or required to have a permit under the provisions of this chapter the department will incorporate corrective action requirements imposed pursuant to the Model Toxics Control Act into permits at the time of permit issuance. Such incorporation will in no way affect the timing or scope of review of the Model Toxics Control Act action.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-645, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-645, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-645, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-645, filed 1/4/89; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-645, filed 4/18/84.]
(1) Purpose and applicability.
(a) The provisions of this section establish requirements for corrective action for releases of dangerous wastes and dangerous constituents including releases from solid waste management units.
(b) The provisions of this section apply to facilities seeking or required to have a permit to treat, store, recycle or dispose of dangerous waste.
(c) ((For the purposes of this section, dangerous
constituent means any constituent identified in WAC 173-303-9905
or 40 CFR Part 264 appendix IX, any constituent which caused a
waste to be listed or designated as dangerous under the
provisions of chapter 173-303 WAC, and any constituent defined as
a hazardous substance at RCW 70.105D.020(5).)) The provisions of
this section do not apply to cleanup-only facilities.
(d) For purposes of this section, dangerous constituent means any constituent identified in WAC 173-303-9905 or 40 CFR Part 264 Appendix IX, any constituent that caused a waste to be listed as a dangerous waste or to exhibit a dangerous characteristic under this chapter or to meet a dangerous waste criteria under this chapter, and any constituent that is within the meaning of "hazardous substance" under RCW 70.105D.020(7).
(2) Requirements.
(a) The owner or operator of a facility must institute corrective action as necessary to protect human health and the environment for all releases of dangerous wastes and dangerous constituents, including releases from all solid waste management units at the facility. Corrective action is required regardless of the time at which waste was managed at the facility or placed in such units and regardless of whether such facilities or units were intended for the management of solid or dangerous waste. Assurances of financial responsibility for such corrective action must be provided.
(b) The owner/operator must implement corrective actions beyond the facility property boundary, where necessary to protect human health and the environment. Additionally, as necessary to protect human health and the environment, the department may require the owner/operator to implement on site measures to address releases which have migrated beyond the facility boundary. Assurances of financial responsibility for such corrective action must be provided.
(c) In the case of a facility seeking or required to have a permit under the provisions of chapter 173-303 WAC, corrective action must be specified in the permit. The permit will contain schedules of compliance for such corrective action (where such corrective action cannot be completed prior to issuance of the permit) and assurances of financial responsibility for completion of such corrective action.
(d) At a minimum, corrective actions must be consistent with the following requirements of chapter 173-340 WAC.
(i) As necessary to select a cleanup action consistent with WAC 173-340-360, 173-340-350, state remedial investigation and feasibility study. Information that is adequate to support selection of a cleanup action consistent with WAC 173-340-360 but was developed under a different authority (for example, as part of closure under WAC 173-303-610 or as part of a federally overseen cleanup) may be used.
(ii) WAC 173-340-360, selection of cleanup actions.
(iii) WAC 173-340-400, cleanup actions.
(iv) WAC 173-340-410, compliance monitoring requirements.
(v) WAC 173-340-420, periodic site reviews.
(vi) WAC 173-340-440, institutional controls.
(vii) WAC 173-340-700 through 173-340–760, cleanup standards.
(3) Use of the Model Toxics Control Act.
(a) The department may require the owner/operator of a facility to fulfill his corrective action responsibilities under subsection (2) of this section using an enforceable action issued pursuant to the Model Toxics Control Act, as amended, (chapter 70.105D RCW) and its implementing regulations.
(b) Corrective action requirements imposed by the department in an action issued pursuant to the Model Toxics Control Act will be in compliance with the requirements of subsection (2) of this section and the requirements of chapter 173-303 WAC to the extent required by RCW 70.105D.030 (2)(d) and WAC 173-340-710.
(c) In the case of facilities seeking or required to have a permit under the provisions of this chapter the department will incorporate corrective action requirements imposed pursuant to the Model Toxics Control Act into permits at the time of permit issuance. Such incorporation will in no way affect the timing or scope of review of the Model Toxics Control Act action.
(4) Corrective action management unit (CAMU).
(a) ((For the purpose of implementing corrective actions
required by subsection (2) of this section, the director may
choose to designate an area at a facility as a corrective action
management unit. Designation of a CAMU will be in accordance
with the provisions of this subsection and subsections (5) and
(6) of this section. The director may choose to designate one or
more CAMUs at a facility.
(b) Placement of remediation wastes, as defined in WAC 173-303-040 into or within a CAMU does not constitute land disposal of dangerous waste, however, when necessary to protect human health and the environment, the department may require remediation waste meet land disposal standards before placement in a CAMU.
(c) Consolidation or placement of remediation wastes, as defined in WAC 173-303-040 into or within a CAMU does not constitute creation of a unit subject to the minimum technology requirements of WAC 173-303-140(2), however, when necessary to protect human health and the environment, the department may require a CAMU meet all or part of the minimum technology requirements.
(d))) In accordance with the requirements of this subsection, the director may designate an area at a facility as a corrective action management unit for the purpose of treating, storing or disposing of remediation waste that originates at the same facility in order to implement remedies under this section or to implement other cleanup actions. Placement of dangerous remediation waste into or within a CAMU does not constitute land disposal of dangerous waste. Consolidation or placement of dangerous remediation waste into or within a CAMU does not constitute creation of a unit subject to minimum technology requirements.
(b) Designation of a CAMU will not in any way affect the department's existing authorities, including authority under chapter 70.105D RCW, to address clean-up levels, media-specific points of compliance, or other remedy selection decisions.
(((e))) (c) Designation of a CAMU will not in any way affect
the timing or scope of review of any actions taken under the
Model Toxics Control Act pursuant to subsection (3) of this
section to fulfill the corrective action requirements of
subsection (2) of this section or the corrective action
requirements of WAC 173-303-645.
(5) Designation of a corrective action management unit.
(a) When designating a CAMU, the director will do so in accordance with subsection (4) of this section, and the following:
(i) The CAMU will facilitate the implementation of reliable, effective, protective, and cost-effective remedies;
(ii) Waste management activities associated with the CAMU will not create unacceptable risks to humans or the environment resulting from exposure to dangerous wastes or dangerous constituents;
(iii) The CAMU will include uncontaminated areas of the facility only if including such areas for the purposes of managing remediation wastes is more protective than management of such wastes at contaminated areas of the facility;
(iv) Areas within the CAMU where wastes remain in place after closure of the CAMU, will be managed and contained so as to minimize future releases of dangerous wastes and dangerous constituents to the extent practicable;
(v) When appropriate and practicable, the CAMU will expedite the timing of remedial activity implementation;
(vi) The CAMU will enable the use, when appropriate, of treatment technologies (including innovative technologies) to enhance the long-term effectiveness of remedial actions by reducing the toxicity, mobility, or volume of wastes that will remain in place after closure of the CAMU; and
(vii) The CAMU will, to the extent practicable, minimize the land area of the facility upon which wastes will remain in place after closure of the CAMU.
(b) When designating a CAMU, the director will specify requirements for the CAMU including the following:
(i) The areal configuration of the CAMU;
(ii) Requirements for remediation waste management within the CAMU including specification of applicable design, operation, and closure requirements;
(iii) Requirements for ground water and/or vadose zone monitoring that are sufficient to:
(A) Continue to detect and to characterize the nature, extent, concentration, direction, and movement of existing releases of dangerous waste and dangerous constituents in ground water from sources located within the CAMU; and
(B) Detect and subsequently characterize releases of dangerous waste and dangerous constituents to ground water that may occur from areas of the CAMU in which wastes will remain in place after CAMU closure.
(iv) Requirements for closure that will minimize the need for further maintenance of the CAMU and will include, as appropriate and deemed necessary by the director, the following:
(A) Requirements for excavation, removal, treatment, and/or containment of wastes;
(B) For areas in which wastes will remain after closure of the CAMU, requirements for capping of such areas; and
(C) Requirements for removal and decontamination of equipment, devices, and structures used in remediation waste management activities within the CAMU.
(c) In establishing closure requirements for CAMUs under (b)(iv) of this subsection the director will consider the following factors:
(i) CAMU characteristics;
(ii) Volume of wastes which will remain in place after CAMU closure;
(iii) Potential for releases from the CAMU;
(iv) Physical and chemical characteristics of the waste;
(v) Hydrological and other relevant environmental conditions at the facility which may influence the migration of any potential or actual releases in and/or from the CAMU; and
(vi) Potential for exposure of humans and environmental receptors if releases were to occur at or from the CAMU.
(d) The director will, for areas of the CAMU in which wastes will remain in place after CAMU closure, specify post-closure requirements to control, minimize, or eliminate, to the extent necessary to protect human health and the environment, post-closure escape of dangerous waste, dangerous constituents, leachate, contaminated runoff, and dangerous waste decomposition products to the ground, to ground waters, to surface waters, and to the atmosphere. Such post-closure requirements will include, as necessary to protect human health and the environment, monitoring and maintenance activities and the frequency with which such activities will be performed to ensure the integrity of any cap, final cover, or other containment system.
(e) The owner/operator of a facility must provide sufficient information to enable the director to designate a CAMU in accordance with the criteria in subsections (4), (5)(a) through (d), and (6) of this section.
(f) The director will document the rationale for designating CAMUs and will make such documentation available to the public.
(g) Incorporation of the designation of and requirements for a CAMU into a existing permit must be approved by the director according to the procedures for agency initiated permit modifications under WAC 173-303-830(3), or according to the permit modification procedures of WAC 173-303-830(4).
(6) Incorporation of a regulated unit within a CAMU.
(a) The director may designate a regulated unit (as defined in WAC 173-303-040) as a CAMU, or may incorporate a regulated unit into a CAMU, if:
(i) The regulated unit is closed or closing, meaning it has begun the closure process under WAC 173-303-610 or 173-303-400; and
(ii) Inclusion of the regulated unit will enhance implementation of effective, protective and reliable remedial actions at the facility.
(b) The requirements of WAC 173-303-610, 173-303-620, 173-303-645, and the unit specific requirements of WAC 173-303-650 through 173-303-680 that applied to the regulated unit will continue to apply to the portion of the CAMU into which the regulated unit was incorporated.
(7) Temporary units (TUs).
(a) ((For temporary tanks and container storage areas used
for treatment or storage of remediation wastes during
implementation of the corrective action requirements of
subsection (2) of this section, the director may determine that a
design, operating, or closure standard applicable to such units
may be replaced by alternative requirements which are protective
of human health and the environment.)) In accordance with the
requirements of this subsection, the director may designate a
tank or container storage area at a facility as a temporary unit
for the purpose of treating or storing remediation waste that
originates at the same facility in order to implement remedies
under this section or to implement other cleanup actions. The
director may replace the design, operating and closure standards
applicable to dangerous waste tank and container treatment and
storage units under this chapter with alternative requirements
that protect human health and the environment.
(b) Any temporary unit to which alternative requirements are applied in accordance with (a) of this subsection will be:
(i) Located within the facility boundary; and
(ii) Used only for treatment or storage of remediation wastes managed pursuant to implementation of the corrective action requirements of subsection (2) of this section at the facility.
(c) In establishing standards to be applied to a temporary unit, the director will consider the following factors:
(i) Length of time unit will be in operation;
(ii) Type of unit;
(iii) Volumes of wastes to be managed;
(iv) Physical and chemical characteristics of the wastes to be managed in the unit;
(v) Potential for releases from the unit;
(vi) Hydrogeological and other relevant environmental conditions at the facility which may influence the migration of any potential releases; and
(vii) Potential for exposure of humans and environmental receptors if releases were to occur from the unit.
(d) The director will specify the length of time, not to exceed one year, a temporary unit will be allowed to operate. The director will also specify design, operating, and closure requirements for the temporary unit.
(e) The director may extend the operating period of a temporary unit for up to one additional year, provided the director determines that:
(i) Continued operation of the unit will not pose a threat to human health and the environment; and
(ii) Continued operation of the unit is necessary to ensure timely and efficient implementation of remedial actions at the facility.
(f) Incorporation of the designation of and requirements for a temporary unit or a time extension for a temporary unit into an existing permit will be:
(i) Approved in accordance with the procedures for agency-initiated permit modifications under WAC 173-303-830(3); or
(ii) Requested by the owner or operator as a Class II modification according to the procedures under WAC 173-303-830(4).
(g) The director will document the rationale for designating a temporary unit and for granting time extensions for temporary units and will make such documentation available to the public.
(8) Staging piles. The requirements for staging piles in 40 CFR Part 264.554 are incorporated by reference.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-646, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-646, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94.]
(1) Applicability. The regulations in this section apply to owners and operators of facilities that use surface impoundments to treat, store, or dispose of dangerous waste.
(2) Design and operating requirements.
(a)(i) Any surface impoundment that is not covered by (j) of this subsection must have a liner for all portions of the impoundment (except for an existing portion of a surface impoundment). The liner must be designed, constructed, and installed to prevent any migration of wastes out of the impoundment to the adjacent subsurface soil or ground water or surface water at any time during the active life (including the closure period) of the impoundment. The liner may be constructed of materials that may allow wastes to migrate into the liner (but not into the adjacent subsurface soil or ground water or surface water) during the active life of the facility, provided that the impoundment is closed in accordance with subsection (6)(a)(i) of this section. For impoundments that will be closed in accordance with subsection (6)(a)(ii) of this section, the liner must be constructed of materials that can prevent wastes from migrating into the liner during the active life of the facility. The liner must be:
(A) Constructed of materials that have appropriate chemical properties and sufficient strength and thickness to prevent failure due to pressure gradients (including static head and external hydrogeologic forces), physical contact with the waste or leachate to which they are exposed, climatic conditions, the stress of installation, and the stress of daily operation;
(B) Placed upon a foundation or base capable of providing support to the liner and resistance to pressure gradients above and below the liner to prevent failure of the liner due to settlement, compression, or uplift;
(C) Installed to cover all surrounding earth likely to be in contact with the waste or leachate; and
(D) For EHW management, the owner or operator must submit an engineering report with their permit application under WAC 173-303-806(4) stating the basis for selecting the liner(s). The report must be certified by an independent, qualified registered professional engineer.
(ii) The owner or operator of a new surface impoundment installed after October 31, 1984, and in which liquid EHW is managed must:
(A) Install a double lined system which incorporates the specifications of subsection (3)(a), (b), and (c) of this section; and
(B) Must comply with either the ground water monitoring requirements of WAC 173-303-645, or the unsaturated zone monitoring requirements of WAC 173-303-655(6).
(b) The owner or operator will be exempted from the requirements of (a) of this subsection, if the department finds, based on a demonstration by the owner or operator, that alternate design and operating practices, together with location characteristics, will prevent the migration of any dangerous constituents listed in WAC 173-303-9905, or which otherwise cause his wastes to be regulated under this chapter, into the ground water or surface water at any future time. In deciding whether to grant an exemption, the department will consider:
(i) The nature and quantity of the wastes;
(ii) The proposed alternate design and operation;
(iii) The hydrogeologic setting of the facility, including the attenuative capacity and thickness of the liners and soils present between the impoundment and ground water or surface water; and
(iv) All other factors which would influence the quality and mobility of the leachate produced and the potential for it to migrate to ground water or surface water.
(c) A surface impoundment must be designed, constructed, maintained, and operated to prevent overtopping resulting from normal or abnormal operations; overfilling; wind and wave action; rainfall; run-on; malfunctions of level controllers, alarms, and other equipment; and human error.
(d) A surface impoundment must be designed so that any flow of waste into the impoundment can be immediately shut off in the event of overtopping or liner failure.
(e) A surface impoundment must be designed to repel birds.
(f) A surface impoundment must have dikes that are designed, constructed, and maintained with sufficient structural integrity to prevent their failure. In ensuring structural integrity, it must not be presumed that the liner system will function without leakage during the active life of the unit.
(g) Earthen dikes must be kept free of:
(i) Perennial woody plants with root systems which could weaken its structural integrity; and
(ii) Burrowing mammals which could weaken its structural integrity or create leaks through burrows.
(h) Earthen dikes must have a protective cover, such as grass, shale or rock to minimize wind and water erosion and to preserve their structural integrity.
(i) The department will specify in the permit all design and operating practices that are necessary to ensure that the requirements of this subsection are satisfied.
(j) The owner or operator of each new surface impoundment unit on which construction commences after January 29, 1992, each lateral expansion of a surface impoundment unit on which construction commences after July 29, 1992, and each replacement of an existing surface impoundment unit that is to commence reuse after July 29, 1992, must install two or more liners and a leachate collection and removal system between such liners. "Construction commences" is as defined in WAC 173-303-040 under "existing TSD facility."
(i) The liner system must include:
(A) A top liner designed and constructed of materials (e.g., a geomembrane) to prevent the migration of dangerous constituents into such liner during the active life and post-closure care period; and
(B) A composite bottom liner, consisting of at least two components. The upper component must be designed and constructed of materials (e.g., a geomembrane) to prevent the migration of dangerous constituents into this component during the active life and post-closure care period. The lower component must be designed and constructed of materials to minimize the migration of dangerous constituents if a breach in the upper component were to occur. The lower component must be constructed of at least 3 feet (91 cm) of compacted soil material with a hydraulic conductivity of no more than 1 x 10/-7/cm/sec.
(ii) The liners must comply with (a)(i)(A), (B), and (C) of this subsection.
(iii) The leachate collection and removal system between the liners, and immediately above the bottom composite liner in the case of multiple leachate collection and removal systems, is also a leak detection system. This leak detection system must be capable of detecting, collecting, and removing leaks of dangerous constituents at the earliest practicable time through all areas of the top liner likely to be exposed to waste or leachate during the active life and post-closure care period. The requirements for a leak detection system in this paragraph are satisfied by installation of a system that is, at a minimum:
(A) Constructed with a bottom slope of one percent or more;
(B) Constructed of granular drainage materials with a hydraulic conductivity of 1 x 10/-1/cm/sec or more and a thickness of 12 inches (30.5 cm) or more; or constructed of synthetic or geonet drainage materials with a transmissivity of 3 x 10/-4/m2sec or more;
(C) Constructed of materials that are chemically resistant to the waste managed in the surface impoundment and the leachate expected to be generated, and of sufficient strength and thickness to prevent collapse under the pressures exerted by overlying wastes and any waste cover materials or equipment used at the surface impoundment;
(D) Designed and operated to minimize clogging during the active life and post-closure care period; and
(E) Constructed with sumps and liquid removal methods (e.g., pumps) of sufficient size to collect and remove liquids from the sump and prevent liquids from backing up into the drainage layer. Each unit must have its own sump(s). The design of each sump and removal system must provide a method for measuring and recording the volume of liquids present in the sump and of liquids removed.
(iv) The owner or operator will collect and remove pumpable liquids in the sumps to minimize the head on the bottom liner.
(v) The owner or operator of a leak detection system that is not located completely above the seasonal high water table must demonstrate that the operation of the leak detection system will not be adversely affected by the presence of ground water.
(k) The department may approve alternative design or operating practices to those specified in (j) of this subsection if the owner or operator demonstrates to the department that such design and operating practices, together with location characteristics:
(i) Will prevent the migration of any dangerous constituent into the ground water or surface water at least as effectively as the liners and leachate collection and removal system specified in (j) of this subsection; and
(ii) Will allow detection of leaks of dangerous constituents through the top liner at least as effectively.
(l) The double liner requirement set forth in (j) of this subsection may be waived by the department for any monofill, if:
(i) The monofill contains only dangerous wastes from foundry furnace emission controls or metal casting molding sand, and such wastes do not contain constituents which would render the wastes dangerous for reasons other than the toxicity characteristic in WAC 173-303-090(8) or the toxicity criteria at WAC 173-303-100(5); and
(ii)(A) The monofill has at least one liner for which there is no evidence that such liner is leaking. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term "liner" means a liner designed, constructed, installed, and operated to prevent dangerous waste from passing into the liner at any time during the active life of the facility, or a liner designed, constructed, installed, and operated to prevent dangerous waste from migrating beyond the liner to adjacent subsurface soil, ground water, or surface water at any time during the active life of the facility. In the case of any surface impoundment which has been exempted from the requirements of (j) of this subsection on the basis of a liner designed, constructed, installed, and operated to prevent dangerous waste from passing beyond the liner, at the closure of such impoundment, the owner or operator must remove or decontaminate all waste residues, all contaminated liner material, and contaminated soil to the extent practicable. If all contaminated soil is not removed or decontaminated, the owner or operator of such impoundment will comply with appropriate post-closure requirements, including but not limited to ground water monitoring and corrective action;
(B) The monofill is located more than one-quarter mile from an underground source of drinking water (as that term is defined in 40 CFR Section 144.3); and
(C) The monofill is in compliance with generally applicable ground water monitoring requirements for facilities with permits under RCRA section 3005(c); or
(iii) The owner or operator demonstrates that the monofill is located, designed and operated so as to assure that there will be no migration of any dangerous constituent into ground water or surface water at any future time.
(m) The owner or operator of any replacement surface impoundment unit is exempt from (j) of this subsection if:
(i) The existing unit was constructed in compliance with the design standards of sections 3004 (o)(1)(A)(i) and (o)(5) of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; and
(ii) There is no reason to believe that the liner is not functioning as designed.
(3) Reserve.
(4) Monitoring and inspection.
(a) During construction and installation, liners (except in the case of existing portions of surface impoundments exempt from subsection (2)(a)(i) of this section) and cover systems (e.g., membranes, sheets, or coatings) must be inspected for uniformity, damage, and imperfections (e.g., holes, cracks, thin spots, or foreign materials). Immediately after construction or installation:
(i) Synthetic liners and covers must be inspected to ensure tight seams and joints and the absence of tears, punctures, or blisters; and
(ii) Soil-based and admixed liners and covers must be inspected for imperfections including lenses, cracks, channels, root holes, or other structural nonuniformities that may cause an increase in the permeability of the liner or cover.
(b) While a surface impoundment is in operation, it must be inspected weekly and after storms to detect evidence of any of the following:
(i) Deterioration, malfunctions, or improper operation of overtopping control systems;
(ii) Sudden drops in the level of the impoundment's contents; and
(iii) Severe erosion or other signs of deterioration in dikes or other containment devices.
(c) Prior to the issuance of a permit, and after any extended period of time (at least six months) during which the impoundment was not in service, the owner or operator must obtain a certification from a qualified engineer that the impoundment's dike, including that portion of any dike which provides freeboard, has structural integrity. The certification must establish, in particular, that the dike:
(i) Will withstand the stress of the pressure exerted by the types and amounts of wastes to be placed in the impoundment; and
(ii) Will not fail due to scouring or piping, without dependence on any liner system included in the surface impoundment construction.
(d)(i) An owner or operator required to have a leak detection system under subsection (2)(j) or (k) of this section must record the amount of liquids removed from each leak detection system sump at least once each week during the active life and closure period.
(ii) After the final cover is installed, the amount of liquids removed from each leak detection system sump must be recorded at least monthly. If the liquid level in the sump stays below the pump operating level for two consecutive months, the amount of liquids in the sumps must be recorded at least quarterly. If the liquid level in the sump stays below the pump operating level for two consecutive quarters, the amount of liquids in the sumps must be recorded at least semi annually. If at any time during the post-closure care period the pump operating level is exceeded at units on quarterly or semiannual recording schedules, the owner or operator must return to monthly recording of amounts of liquids removed from each sump until the liquid level again stays below the pump operating level for two consecutive months.
(iii) "Pump operating level" is a liquid level proposed by the owner or operator and approved by the department based on pump activation level, sump dimensions, and level that avoids backup into the drainage layer and minimizes head in the sump.
(5) Emergency repairs; contingency plans.
(a) A surface impoundment must be removed from service in accordance with (b) of this subsection when:
(i) Unexpected changes of liquid levels occur; or
(ii) The dike leaks.
(b) When a surface impoundment must be removed from service as required by (a) of this subsection, the owner or operator must:
(i) Immediately shut off the flow or stop the addition of wastes into the impoundment;
(ii) Immediately contain any surface leakage which has occurred or is occurring;
(iii) Immediately stop the leak;
(iv) Take any other necessary steps to stop or prevent catastrophic failure;
(v) Empty the impoundment, if a leak cannot be stopped by any other means; and
(vi) Notify the department of the problem in writing within seven days after detecting the problem.
(c) As part of the contingency plan required in WAC 173-303-340 through 173-303-360, the owner or operator must specify:
(i) A procedure for complying with the requirements of (b) of this subsection; and
(ii) A containment system evaluation and repair plan describing: Testing and monitoring techniques; procedures to be followed to evaluate the integrity of the containment system in the event of a possible failure; description of a schedule of actions to be taken in the event of a possible failure; and the repair techniques and materials (and their availability) to be used in the event of leakage due to containment system failure or deterioration which does not require the impoundment to be removed from service.
(d) No surface impoundment that has been removed from service in accordance with the requirements of this section may be restored to service unless the portion of the impoundment which was failing is repaired and the following steps are taken:
(i) If the impoundment was removed from service as the result of actual or imminent dike failure, the dike's structural integrity must be recertified in accordance with subsection (4)(c) of this section;
(ii) If the impoundment was removed from service as the result of a sudden drop in the liquid level, then:
(A) For any existing portion of the impoundment, a liner must be installed in compliance with subsection (2)(a)(i) or (3) of this section; and
(B) For any other portion of the impoundment, the repaired liner system must be certified by a qualified engineer as meeting the design specifications approved in the permit.
(e) A surface impoundment that has been removed from service in accordance with the requirements of this section and that is not being repaired must be closed in accordance with the provisions of subsection (6) of this section.
(6) Closure and post-closure care.
(a) At closure, the owner or operator must:
(i) Remove or decontaminate all dangerous waste and dangerous waste residues, contaminated containment system components (liners, etc.), contaminated subsoils, and structures and equipment contaminated with dangerous waste and leachate, and manage them as dangerous waste; or
(ii) If the surface impoundment will be closed as a landfill, except that this option is prohibited if EHW would remain in the closed unit(s):
(A) Eliminate free liquids by removing liquid wastes or solidifying the remaining wastes and waste residues;
(B) Stabilize remaining wastes to a bearing capacity sufficient to support a final cover; and
(C) Cover the surface impoundment with a final cover designed and constructed to:
(I) Provide long-term minimization of the migration of liquids through the closed impoundment with a material that has a permeability less than or equal to the permeability of any bottom liner system or natural subsoils present;
(II) Function with minimum maintenance;
(III) Promote drainage and minimize erosion or abrasion of the final cover; and
(IV) Accommodate settling and subsidence so that the cover's integrity is maintained.
(b) If some waste residues or contaminated materials are left in place at final closure (except that no EHW may ever be left in place), the owner or operator must comply with all post-closure requirements contained in WAC 173-303-610 (7), (8), (9), and (10), including maintenance and monitoring throughout the post-closure care period (specified in the permit). The owner or operator must:
(i) Maintain the integrity and effectiveness of the final cover, including making repairs to the cap as necessary to correct the effects of settling, subsidence, erosion, or other events;
(ii) Maintain and monitor the leak detection system in accordance with subsections (2)(j)(ii)(D) and (E), and (4)(d) of this section, and comply with all other applicable leak detection system requirements of this chapter;
(iii) Maintain and monitor the ground water monitoring system and comply with all applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-645; and
(iv) Prevent run-on and run-off from eroding or otherwise damaging the final cover.
(c)(i) If an owner or operator plans to close a surface impoundment in accordance with (a)(i) of this subsection, and the impoundment does not comply with the liner requirements of subsection (2)(a)(i) of this section, and is not exempt from them in accordance with subsection (2)(b) of this section, then:
(A) The closure plan for the impoundment under WAC 173-303-610(3) must include both a plan for complying with (a)(i) of this subsection, and a contingent plan for complying with (a)(ii) of this subsection in case not all contaminated subsoils can be practicably removed at closure; and
(B) The owner or operator must prepare a contingent post-closure plan under WAC 173-303-610(8) for complying with (b) of this subsection in case not all contaminated subsoils can be practicably removed at closure.
(ii) The cost estimates calculated under WAC 173-303-620 (3) and (5) for closure and post-closure care of an impoundment subject to (c) of this subsection must include the cost of complying with the contingent closure plan and the contingent post-closure plan, but are not required to include the cost of expected closure under (a)(i) of this subsection.
Reserve.
(7) Special requirements for ignitable or reactive waste. Ignitable or reactive waste must not be placed in a surface impoundment, unless the waste and impoundment satisfy all applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-140 (2)(a), and:
(a) The waste is treated, rendered, or mixed before or immediately after placement in the impoundment so that:
(i) The resulting waste, mixture, or dissolution of material no longer meets the definition of ignitable or reactive waste under WAC 173-303-090; and
(ii) WAC 173-303-395 (1)(b) is complied with; or
(b) The waste is managed in such a way that it is protected from any material or conditions which may cause it to ignite or react; or
(c) The surface impoundment is used solely for emergencies.
(8) Special requirements for incompatible wastes. Incompatible wastes and materials must not be placed in the same surface impoundment, unless WAC 173-303-395 (1)(b) is complied with.
(9) Special requirements for dangerous wastes F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, and F027.
(a) The wastes F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027 must not be placed in a surface impoundment unless the owner or operator operates the surface impoundment in accordance with a management plan for these wastes that is approved by the department pursuant to the standards set out in this subsection, and in accord with all other applicable requirements of this section. The factors to be considered are:
(i) The volume, physical, and chemical characteristics of the wastes, including their potential to migrate through soil or to volatilize or escape into the atmosphere;
(ii) The attenuative properties of underlying and surrounding soils or other materials;
(iii) The mobilizing properties of other materials co-disposed with these wastes; and
(iv) The effectiveness of additional treatment, design, or monitoring techniques.
(b) The department may determine that additional design, operating, and monitoring requirements are necessary in order to reduce the possibility of migration of these wastes to ground water, surface water, or air so as to protect human health and the environment.
(10) Action leakage rate.
(a) The department must approve an action leakage rate for surface impoundment units subject to WAC 173-303-650 (2)(j) or (k). The action leakage rate is the maximum design flow rate that the leak detection system (LDS) can remove without the fluid head on the bottom liner exceeding 1 foot. The action leakage rate must include an adequate safety margin to allow for uncertainties in the design (e.g., slope, hydraulic conductivity, thickness of drainage material), construction, operation, and location of the LDS, waste and leachate characteristics, likelihood and amounts of other sources of liquids in the LDS, and proposed response actions (e.g., the action leakage rate must consider decreases in the flow capacity of the system over time resulting from siltation and clogging, rib layover and creep of synthetic components of the system, overburden pressures, etc.).
(b) To determine if the action leakage rate has been exceeded, the owner or operator must convert the weekly or monthly flow rate from the monitoring data obtained under WAC 173-303-650 (4)(d) to an average daily flow rate (gallons per acre per day) for each sump. Unless the department approves a different calculation, the average daily flow rate for each sump must be calculated weekly during the active life and closure period, and if the unit is closed in accordance with WAC 173-303-650 (6)(b), monthly during the post-closure care period when monthly monitoring is required under WAC 173-303-650 (4)(d).
(11) Response actions.
(a) The owner or operator of surface impoundment units subject to subsection (2)(j) or (k) of this section must have an approved response action plan before receipt of waste. The response action plan must set forth the actions to be taken if the action leakage rate has been exceeded. At a minimum, the response action plan must describe the actions specified in (b) of this subsection.
(b) If the flow rate into the leak detection system exceeds the action leakage rate for any sump, the owner or operator must:
(i) Notify the department in writing of the exceedance within seven days of the determination;
(ii) Submit a preliminary written assessment to the department within fourteen days of the determination, as to the amount of liquids, likely sources of liquids, possible location, size, and cause of any leaks, and short-term actions taken and planned;
(iii) Determine to the extent practicable the location, size, and cause of any leak;
(iv) Determine whether waste receipt should cease or be curtailed, whether any waste should be removed from the unit for inspection, repairs, or controls, and whether or not the unit should be closed;
(v) Determine any other short-term and longer-term actions to be taken to mitigate or stop any leaks; and
(vi) Within thirty days after the notification that the action leakage rate has been exceeded, submit to the department the results of the analyses specified in (b)(iii), (iv), and (v) of this subsection, the results of actions taken, and actions planned. Monthly thereafter, as long as the flow rate in the leak detection system exceeds the action leakage rate, the owner or operator must submit to the department a report summarizing the results of any remedial actions taken and actions planned.
(c) To make the leak and/or remediation determinations in (b)(iii), (iv), and (v) of this subsection, the owner or operator must:
(i) Assess the source of liquids and amounts of liquids by source;
(ii) Conduct a fingerprint, dangerous constituent, or other analyses of the liquids in the leak detection system to identify the source of liquids and possible location of any leaks, and the hazard and mobility of the liquid; and
(iii) Assess the seriousness of any leaks in terms of potential for escaping into the environment; or
(iv) Document why such assessments are not needed.
(12) Air emission standards. The owner or operator must manage all hazardous waste placed in a tank in accordance with the applicable requirements of 40 CFR Subparts AA, BB, and CC, which are incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-690 through 173-303-692.
(13) Existing and newly regulated surface impoundments. The requirements of 3005 (j)(1) and (6) of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976, as amended, are incorporated by reference. Surface impoundments regulated for the first time by a listing or characteristic adopted after November 8, 1984, must comply with new unit requirements or stop dangerous waste activity by four years after the date of adoption of the new listing or characteristic.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-650, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-650, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-650, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 88-18-083 (Order 88-29), § 173-303-650, filed 9/6/88; 88-07-039 (Order 87-37), § 173-303-650, filed 3/11/88; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-650, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-650, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-650, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Applicability. The requirements of this section apply to owners and operators of facilities that treat, store, or dispose of dangerous waste in miscellaneous units, except as WAC 173-303-600 provides otherwise.
(2) Environmental performance standards. A miscellaneous unit must be located, designed, constructed, operated, maintained, and closed in a manner that will ensure protection of human health and the environment. Permits for miscellaneous units are to contain such terms and provisions as necessary to protect human health and the environment, including, but not limited to, as appropriate, design and operating requirements, detection and monitoring requirements, and requirements for responses to releases of dangerous waste or dangerous constituents from the unit. Permit terms and provisions will include those requirements in WAC 173-303-630 through 173-303-670, 40 CFR Subparts AA through CC, which are incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-690 through 173-303-692, WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-806, WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-806, and 40 CFR Part 146 that are appropriate for the miscellaneous units being permitted. Protection of human health and the environment includes, but is not limited to:
(a) Prevention of any releases that may have adverse effects on human health or the environment due to migration of wastes constituents in the ground water or subsurface environment, considering:
(i) The volume and physical and chemical characteristics of the waste in the unit, including its potential for migration through soil, liners, or other containing structures;
(ii) The hydrologic and geologic characteristics of the unit and the surrounding area;
(iii) The existing quality of ground water, including other sources of contamination and their cumulative impact on the ground water;
(iv) The quantity and direction of ground water flow;
(v) The proximity to and withdrawal rates of current and potential ground water users;
(vi) The patterns of land use in the region;
(vii) The potential for deposition or migration of waste constituents into subsurface physical structures, and into the root zone of food-chain crops and other vegetation;
(viii) The potential for health risks caused by human exposure to waste constituents; and
(ix) The potential for damage to domestic animals, wildlife, crops, vegetation, and physical structures caused by exposure to waste constituents.
(b) Prevention of any release that may have adverse effects on human health or the environment due to migration of waste constituents in surface water, or wetlands or on the soil surface considering:
(i) The volume and physical and chemical characteristics of the waste in the unit;
(ii) The effectiveness and reliability of containing, confining, and collecting systems and structures in preventing migration;
(iii) The hydrologic characteristics of the unit and the surrounding area, including the topography of the land around the unit;
(iv) The patterns of precipitation in the region;
(v) The quantity, quality, and direction of ground water flow;
(vi) The proximity of the unit to surface waters;
(vii) The current and potential uses of nearby surface waters and any water quality standards established for those surface waters;
(viii) The existing quality of surface waters and surface soils, including other sources of contamination and their cumulative impact on surface waters and surface soils;
(ix) The patterns of land use in the region;
(x) The potential for health risks caused by human exposure to waste constituents; and
(xi) The potential for damage to domestic animals, wildlife, crops, vegetation, and physical structures caused by exposure to waste constituents.
(c) Prevention of any release that may have adverse effects on human health or the environment due to migration of waste constituents in the air, considering:
(i) The volume and physical and chemical characteristics of the waste in the unit, including its potential for the emission and dispersal of gases, aerosols and particulates;
(ii) The effectiveness and reliability of systems and structures to reduce or prevent emissions of dangerous constituents to the air;
(iii) The operating characteristics of the unit;
(iv) The atmospheric, meteorologic, and topographic characteristics of the unit and the surrounding area;
(v) The existing quality of the air, including other sources of contamination and their cumulative impact on the air;
(vi) The potential for health risks caused by human exposure to waste constituents; and
(vii) The potential for damage to domestic animals, wildlife, crops, vegetation, and physical structures caused by exposure to waste constituents.
(3) Monitoring, analysis, inspection, response, reporting, and corrective action. Monitoring, testing, analytical data, inspections, response, and reporting procedures and frequencies must ensure compliance with subsection (2) of this section, WAC 173-303-320, 173-303-340(1), 173-303-390, and 173-303-646(2) as well as meet any additional requirements needed to protect human health and the environment as specified in the permit.
(4) Postclosure care. A miscellaneous unit that is a disposal unit must be maintained in a manner that complied with subsection (2) of this section during the postclosure care period. In addition, if a treatment or storage unit has contaminated soils or ground water that cannot be completely removed or decontaminated during closure, then that unit must also meet the requirements of subsection (2) of this section during postclosure care. The postclosure plan under WAC 173-303-610(8) must specify the procedures that will be used to satisfy this requirement.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-680, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-680, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-680, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91.]
(1) Applicability.
(a) The regulations in this section apply to owners and operators of facilities that treat, store, or dispose of hazardous wastes.
(b) Except for 40 CFR 264.1034 (d) and (e), this section
applies to process vents associated with distillation,
fractionation, thin-film evaporation, solvent extraction, or air
or steam stripping operations that manage hazardous wastes with
organic concentrations of at least 10((-)) ppmw, if these
operations are conducted in one of the following:
(i) A unit((s)) that ((are)) is subject to the permitting
requirements of WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840; or
(ii) ((Hazardous waste recycling units that are located on
hazardous waste management facilities otherwise subject to the
permitting requirements of WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840.))
A unit (including a hazardous waste recycling unit) that is not
exempt from permitting under the provisions of WAC 173-303-200(1)
(i.e., a hazardous waste recycling unit that is not a ninety-day
tank or container) and that is located at a hazardous waste
management facility otherwise subject to the permitting
requirements of WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840; or
(iii) A unit that is exempt from permitting under the provisions of WAC 173-303-200(1) (i.e., a "ninety-day" tank or container) and is not a recycling unit under the provisions of WAC 173-303-120.
(c) If the owner or operator of process vents subject to the requirements of 40 CFR 264.1032 through 264.1036 has received a permit under section 3005 of RCRA prior to December 21, 1990, the requirements of 264.1032 through 264.1036 must be incorporated when the permit is reissued under WAC 173-303-840(8) or reviewed under WAC 173-303-806(11).
| Note: | The requirements of 40 CFR Parts 264.1032 through 264.1036 apply to process vents on hazardous waste recycling units previously exempt under WAC 173-303-120 (4)(d). Other exemptions under WAC 173-303-071 and 173-303-600(2) are not affected by these requirements. |
| Note: | Where the incorporated language refers to 264.1030, refer to subsection (1) of this section. Where the incorporated language refers to Part 270, refer to WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840. |
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-690, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95.]
(1) Applicability.
(a) The regulations in this section apply to owners and operators of facilities that treat, store, or dispose of hazardous wastes.
(b) Except as provided in 40 CFR 1064(k), this section applies to equipment that contains or contacts hazardous wastes with organic concentrations of at least 10 percent by weight that are managed in one of the following:
(i) ((Units that are)) A unit that is subject to the
permitting requirements of WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840;
or
(ii) ((Hazardous waste recycling units that are located on
hazardous waste management facilities otherwise subject to the
permitting requirements of WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840.))
A unit (including a hazardous waste recycling unit) that is not
exempt from permitting under the provisions of WAC 173-303-200(1)
(i.e., a hazardous waste recycling unit that is not a
"ninety-day" tank or container) and that is located at a
hazardous waste management facility otherwise subject to the
permitting requirements of WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840;
or
(iii) A unit that is exempt from permitting under the provisions of WAC 173-303-200(1) (i.e., a "ninety-day" tank or container) and is not a recycling unit under the provisions of WAC 173-303-120.
(c) If the owner or operator of equipment subject to the requirements of 40 CFR 264.1052 through 264.1065 has received a permit under section 3005 of RCRA prior to December 21, 1990, the requirements of 40 CFR 264.1052 through 264.1065 must be incorporated when the permit is reissued under WAC 173-303-840(8) or reviewed under WAC 173-303-806(11).
(d) Each piece of equipment to which this section applies must be marked in such a manner that it can be distinguished readily from other pieces of equipment.
(e) Equipment that is in vacuum service is excluded from the requirements of 40 CFR 264.1052 to 264.1060 if it is identified as required in 40 CFR 264.1064 (g)(5).
(f) Equipment that contains or contacts hazardous waste with an organic concentration of at least ten percent by weight for less than three hundred hours per calendar year is excluded from the requirements of 40 CFR Parts 264.1052 through 264.1060 if it is identified, as required in 40 CFR Part 264.1064 (g)(6).
| Note: | The requirements of 40 CFR Parts 264.1052 through 264.1065 apply to equipment associated with hazardous waste recycling units previously exempt under WAC 173-303-120 (4)(d). Other exemptions under WAC 173-303-071 and 173-303-600(2) are not affected by these requirements. |
| Note: | Where the incorporated language refers to 264.1050, refer to WAC 173-303-691. Where the incorporated language refers to Part 270, refer to WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840. |
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-691, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95.]
(1) Applicability.
(a) The requirements of 40 CFR Part 264 Subpart CC apply to owners and operators of all facilities that treat, store, or dispose of hazardous waste in tanks, surface impoundments, or containers subject to either WAC 173-303-630, 173-303-640, or 173-303-650 except as WAC 173-303-600 and (b) of this subsection provide otherwise.
(b) The requirements of 40 CFR Part 264 Subpart CC do not apply to the following waste management units at the facility:
(i) A waste management unit that holds hazardous waste placed in the unit before December 6, 1996, and in which no hazardous waste is added to the unit on or after December 6, 1996.
(ii) A container that has a design capacity less than or equal to 0.1 m3.
(iii) A tank in which an owner or operator has stopped adding hazardous waste and the owner or operator has begun implementing or completed closure pursuant to an approved closure plan.
(iv) A surface impoundment in which an owner or operator has stopped adding hazardous waste (except to implement an approved closure plan) and the owner or operator has begun implementing or completed closure pursuant to an approved closure plan.
(v) A waste management unit that is used solely for on-site treatment or storage of hazardous waste that is placed in the unit as a result of implementing remedial activities required under the corrective action authorities of WAC 173-303-646.
(vi) A waste management unit that is used solely for the management of radioactive mixed waste in accordance with all applicable regulations under the authority of the Atomic Energy Act and the Nuclear Waste Policy Act.
(vii) A hazardous waste management unit that the owner or operator certifies is equipped with and operating air emission controls in accordance with the requirements of an applicable Clean Air Act regulation codified under 40 CFR Parts 60, 61, or 63. For the purpose of complying with this paragraph, a tank for which the air emission control includes an enclosure, as opposed to a cover, must be in compliance with the enclosure and control device requirements of 40 CFR Part 264.1084(i), except as provided in 40 CFR Part 264.1082 (c)(5).
(viii) A tank that has a process vent as defined in 40 CFR Part 264.1031.
(c) For the owner and operator of a facility subject to this section who received a final permit under the Hazardous Waste Management Act prior to December 6, 1996, the requirements of 40 CFR Part 264 Subpart CC will be incorporated into the permit when the permit is reissued in accordance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-840(8) or reviewed in accordance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-806 (11)(d). Until such date when the permit is reissued in accordance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-840(8) or reviewed in accordance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-806 (11)(d), the owner and operator is subject to the requirements of 40 CFR Part 265 Subpart CC, which is incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-400 (3)(a).
(d) The requirements of 40 CFR Part 264 Subpart CC, except for the recordkeeping requirements specified in 40 CFR Part 264.1089(i), are administratively stayed for a tank or a container used for the management of hazardous waste generated by organic peroxide manufacturing and its associated laboratory operations when the owner or operator of the unit meets all of the following conditions:
(i) The owner or operator identifies that the tank or container receives hazardous waste generated by an organic peroxide manufacturing process producing more than one functional family of organic peroxides or multiple organic peroxides within one functional family, that one or more of these organic peroxides could potentially undergo self-accelerating thermal decomposition at or below ambient temperatures, and that organic peroxides are the predominant products manufactured by the process. For the purpose of meeting the conditions of this paragraph, "organic peroxide" means an organic compound that contains the bivalent --O--O-- structure and which may be considered to be a structural derivative of hydrogen peroxide where one or both of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced by an organic radical.
(ii) The owner or operator prepares documentation, in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR Part 264.1089(i) explaining why an undue safety hazard would be created if air emission controls specified in 40 CFR Parts 264.1084 through 264.1087 are installed and operated on the tanks and containers used at the facility to manage the hazardous waste generated by the organic peroxide manufacturing process or processes meeting the conditions of (d)(i) of this subsection.
(iii) The owner or operator notifies the department in writing that hazardous waste generated by an organic peroxide manufacturing process or processes meeting the conditions of (d)(i) of this subsection are managed at the facility in tanks or containers meeting the conditions of (d)(ii) of this subsection. The notification must state the name and address of the facility, and must be signed and dated by an authorized representative of the facility owner or operator.
(2) 40 CFR Parts 264.1080(e) through 264.1091 (Subpart CC) is incorporated by reference.
| Note: | Where the incorporated language refers to 264.1050, refer to WAC 173-303-691. Where the incorporated language refers to Part 270, refer to WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840. |
[]
(1) Applicability. The requirements of this section apply to owners or operators who store munitions and explosive dangerous wastes, except as WAC 173-303-600(3) provides otherwise. (NOTE: Depending on explosive hazards, dangerous waste munitions and explosives may also be managed in other types of storage units, including containment buildings (WAC 173-303-695), tanks (WAC 173-303-640), or containers (WAC 173-303-630). See WAC 173-303-578(4) for storage of waste military munitions.)
(2) Design and operating standards.
(a) Dangerous waste munitions and explosives storage units must be designed and operated with containment systems, controls, and monitoring, that:
(i) Minimize the potential for detonation or other means of release of dangerous waste, dangerous constituents, dangerous decomposition products, or contaminated run-off, to the soil, ground water, surface water, and atmosphere;
(ii) Provide a primary barrier, which may be a container (including a shell) or tank, designed to contain the dangerous waste;
(iii) For wastes stored outdoors, provide that the waste and containers will not be in standing precipitation;
(iv) For liquid wastes, provide a secondary containment system that assures that any released liquids are contained and promptly detected and removed from the waste area, or vapor detection system that assures that any released liquids or vapors are promptly detected and an appropriate response taken (for example, additional containment, such as overpacking, or removal from the waste area); and
(v) Provide monitoring and inspection procedures that assure the controls and containment systems are working as designed and that releases that may adversely impact human health or the environment are not escaping from the unit.
(b) Dangerous waste munitions and explosives stored in accordance with this section may be stored in one of the following:
(i) Earth-covered magazines. Earth-covered magazines must be:
(A) Constructed of waterproofed, reinforced concrete or structural steel arches, with steel doors that are kept closed when not being accessed;
(B) Designed and constructed:
(I) To be of sufficient strength and thickness to support the weight of any explosives or munitions stored and any equipment used in the unit;
(II) To provide working space for personnel and equipment in the unit; and
(III) To withstand movement activities that occur in the unit; and
(C) Located and designed, with walls and earthen covers that direct an explosion in the unit in a safe direction, so as to minimize the propagation of an explosion to adjacent units and to minimize other effects of any explosion.
(ii) Above-ground magazines. Above-ground magazines must be located and designed so as to minimize the propagation of an explosion to adjacent units and to minimize other effects of any explosion.
(iii) Outdoor or open storage areas. Outdoor or open storage areas must be located and designed so as to minimize the propagation of an explosion to adjacent units and to minimize other effects of any explosion.
(c) Dangerous waste munitions and explosives must be stored in accordance with a standard operating procedure specifying procedures to ensure safety, security, and environmental protection. If these procedures serve the same purpose as the security and inspection requirements of WAC 173-303-310, the preparedness and prevention procedures of WAC 173-303-340, and the contingency plan and emergency procedures requirements of WAC 173-303-350, then these procedures will be used to fulfill those requirements.
(d) Dangerous waste munitions and explosives must be packaged to ensure safety in handling and storage.
(e) Dangerous waste munitions and explosives must be inventoried at least annually.
(f) Dangerous waste munitions and explosives and their storage units must be inspected and monitored as necessary to ensure explosives safety and to ensure that there is no migration of contaminants out of the unit.
(3) Closure and post-closure care.
(a) At closure of a magazine or unit that stored dangerous waste in accordance with this section, the owner or operator must remove or decontaminate all waste residues, contaminated containment system components, contaminated subsoils, and structures and equipment contaminated with waste, and manage them as dangerous waste. The closure plan, closure activities, cost estimates for closure, and financial responsibility for magazines or units must meet all of the requirements specified in WAC 173-303-610 and 173-303-620, except that the owner or operator may defer closure of the unit as long as it remains in service as a munitions or explosives magazine or storage unit.
(b) If, after removing or decontaminating all residues and making all reasonable efforts to effect removal or decontamination of contaminated components, subsoils, structures, and equipment as required in (a) of this subsection, the owner or operator finds that not all contaminated subsoils can be practicably removed or decontaminated, he or she must close the facility and perform post-closure care in accordance with the closure and post-closure requirements that apply to landfills (WAC 173-303-665(6)).
[]
(1) The purpose of WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840 is to establish the requirements for permits which will allow a dangerous waste facility to operate without endangering the public health and the environment.
(2) The owner/operator of a dangerous waste facility that transfers, treats, stores, or disposes (TSD) or recycles dangerous waste must, when required by this chapter, obtain a permit in accordance with WAC 173-303-800 through 173-303-840 covering the active life, closure period, ground water protection compliance period, and for any regulated unit (as defined in WAC 173-303-040) or for any facility which at closure does not meet the removal or decontamination limits of WAC 173-303-610 (2)(b), post-closure care period, unless they demonstrate closure by removal or decontamination as provided under WAC 173-303-800 (9) and (10). If a post-closure permit is required, the permit must address applicable ground water monitoring, unsaturated zone monitoring, corrective action, and post-closure care requirements of this chapter. The denial of a permit for the active life of a dangerous waste management facility or unit does not affect the requirement to obtain a post-closure permit under this section.
(3) TSD facility permits will be granted only if the objectives of the siting and performance standards set forth in WAC 173-303-282 and 173-303-283 are met.
(4) Permits will be issued according to the requirements of all applicable TSD facility standards.
(5) The owner/operator of a TSD facility is responsible for obtaining all other applicable federal, state, and local permits authorizing the development and operation of the TSD facility.
(6) The terms used in regard to permits which are not defined in WAC 173-303-040 have the same meanings as set forth in 40 CFR 270.2.
(7) Exemptions.
(a) A permit for an on-site cleanup action may be exempted as provided in a consent decree or order signed by the department and issued pursuant to chapter 70.105D RCW.
(b) A permit is not required for an on-site cleanup action performed by the department pursuant to chapter 70.105D RCW.
(c) Further exemptions.
(i) A person is not required to obtain a dangerous waste permit for treatment or containment activities taken during immediate response to any of the following situations:
(A) A discharge of a dangerous waste;
(B) An imminent and substantial threat of a discharge of dangerous waste;
(C) An immediate threat to human health, public safety, property, or the environment from the known or suspected presence of military munitions, other explosive material, or an explosive device, as determined by an explosive or munitions emergency response specialist as defined in WAC 173-303-040.
(D) In the case of emergency responses involving military munitions, the responding military emergency response specialist's organizational unit must retain records for three years identifying the dates of the response, the responsible persons responding, the type and description of material addressed, and its disposition.
(ii) Any person who continues or initiates dangerous waste treatment or containment activities after the immediate response is over is subject to all applicable requirements of this chapter for those activities.
(iii) Universal waste handlers and universal waste transporters (as defined in WAC 173-303-040) handling the wastes listed below are not required to obtain a dangerous waste permit. These handlers are subject to regulation under WAC 173-303-573, when handling the below listed universal wastes.
(A) Batteries as described in WAC 173-303-573(2); ((and))
(B) Thermostats as described in WAC 173-303-573(3); and
(C) Lamps as described in WAC 173-303-573(5).
(8) Each permit issued under this chapter will contain terms and conditions as the department determines necessary to protect human health and the environment.
(9) Closure by removal. Owners/operators of surface impoundments, land treatment units, and waste piles closing by removal or decontamination under 40 CFR Part 265 standards as referenced by WAC 173-303-400 must obtain a post-closure permit unless they can demonstrate to the department that the closure met the standards for closure by removal or decontamination in WAC 173-303-650(6), 173-303-655(8), or 173-303-660(9), as appropriate, and such removal or decontamination must assure that the levels of dangerous waste or dangerous waste constituents or residues do not exceed standards for closure at 40 CFR Part 264.111, as appropriate. The demonstration may be made in the following ways:
(a) If the owner/operator has submitted a Part B application for a post-closure permit, the owner/operator may request a determination, based on information contained in the application, that 40 CFR Part 264.111 standards for closure by removal were met. If the department believes that 40 CFR Part 264.111 standards were met, the department will notify the public of this proposed decision, allow for public comment, and reach a final determination according to the procedures in subsection (10) of this section.
(b) If the owner/operator has not submitted a Part B application for a post-closure permit, the owner/operator may petition the department for a determination that a post-closure permit is not required because the closure met the applicable 40 CFR Part 264.111 closure standards.
(i) The petition must include data demonstrating that standards for closure by removal or decontamination were met, or it must demonstrate that the unit closed under chapter 173-303 WAC requirements that met or exceeded the applicable 40 CFR Part 264.111 closure-by-removal standard.
(ii) The department will approve or deny the petition according to the procedures outline in subsection (10) of this section.
(10) Procedures for closure equivalency determination.
(a) If a facility owner/operator seeks an equivalency demonstration under subsection (9) of this section, the department will provide the public, through a newspaper notice, the opportunity to submit written comments on the information submitted by the owner/operator within thirty days from the date of the notice. The department will also, in response to a request or at the discretion of the department, hold a public hearing whenever such a hearing might clarify one or more issues concerning the equivalence of the 40 CFR Part 265 closure, as referenced by WAC 173-303-400, to a 40 CFR Part 264.111 closure. The department will give public notice of the hearing at least thirty days before it occurs. (Public notice of the hearing may be given at the same time as notice of the opportunity for the public to submit written comments, and the two notices may be combined.)
(b) The department will determine whether the 40 CFR Part 265 closure met 40 CFR Part 264.111 closure by removal or decontamination requirements within ninety days of its receipt. If the department finds that the closure did not meet the applicable 40 CFR Part 264.111 standards, the department will provide the owner/operator with a written statement of the reasons why the closure failed to meet 40 CFR Part 264.111 standards. The owner/operator may submit additional information in support of an equivalency demonstration within thirty days after receiving such written statement. The department will review any additional information submitted and make a final determination within sixty days.
(c) If the department determines that the facility did not close in accordance with 40 CFR Part 264.111 standards for closure by removal, the facility is subject to post-closure permitting requirements.
(11) The department may require a permittee or an applicant to submit information in order to establish permit conditions under subsection (8) of this section and WAC 173-303-806 (11)(d).
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-800, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-800, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-800, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-800, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 88-18-083 (Order 88-29), § 173-303-800, filed 9/6/88; 88-07-039 (Order 87-37), § 173-303-800, filed 3/11/88; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-800, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-800, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Applicability. The requirements in this section apply to both interim and final status facilities. In addition to this section, the applicable provisions of WAC 173-303-805 and 173-303-806 must be followed. Persons currently authorized with interim status must apply for permits when required by the department (see requirements at WAC 173-303-806).
(2) Existing dangerous waste management facilities and interim status qualifications.
(a) Owners and operators of existing dangerous waste management facilities or of dangerous waste management facilities in existence on the effective date of statutory or regulatory amendments under the Hazardous Waste Management Act and RCRA that render the facility subject to the requirement to have a dangerous waste permit must submit part A of their permit application no later than:
(i) Six months after the date of publication of regulations that first require them to comply with the standards set forth in WAC 173-303-400, 173-303-505, 173-303-520, or 173-303-525, or 40 CFR Part 266 Subpart H; or
(ii) Thirty days after the date they first become subject to the standards set forth in WAC 173-303-400, 173-303-505, 173-303-520, or 173-303-525, or 40 CFR Part 266 Subpart H 40 CFR, whichever first occurs;
(iii) For generators generating greater than 220 pounds but less than 2200 pounds of dangerous waste in a calendar month and treats, stores, or disposes of these wastes on-site, by March 24, 1987.
(b) The owner or operator of an existing dangerous waste management facility may be required to submit part B of their permit application. The department may require submission of part B if the department has received interim or final authorization; if not, the EPA Regional Administrator may require submission of part B. Any owner or operator will be allowed at least six months from the date of request to submit part B of the application. Any owner or operator of an existing dangerous waste management facility may voluntarily submit part B of the application at any time. Notwithstanding the above, any owner or operator of an existing dangerous waste management facility must submit a part B permit application in accordance with the dates specified in WAC 173-303-805(8). Any owner or operator of a land disposal facility in existence on the effective date of statutory or regulatory amendments under the Hazardous Waste Management Act or RCRA that render the facility subject to the requirement to have an RCRA permit must submit a part B application in accordance with the dates specified in WAC 173-303-805(8).
(c) Failure to furnish a requested part B application on time, or to furnish in full the information required by the part B application, is grounds for termination of interim status under WAC 173-303-840.
(3) The owner or operator of an existing dangerous waste management facility may be required to submit part B of their permit application. The department may require submission of part B if the department has received interim or final authorization; if not, the EPA Regional Administrator may require submission of part B. Any owner or operator will be allowed at least six months from the date of request to submit part B of the application. Any owner or operator of an existing dangerous waste management facility may voluntarily submit part B of the application at any time. Notwithstanding the above, any owner or operator of an existing dangerous waste management facility must submit a part B permit application in accordance with the dates specified in WAC 173-303-805(8). Any owner or operator of a land disposal facility in existence on the effective date of statutory or regulatory amendments under RCRA or the Hazardous Waste Management Act that render the facility subject to the requirement to have an RCRA permit must submit a part B application in accordance with the dates specified in WAC 173-303-805(8).
(4) Contents of part A of the permit application. Part A of the final facility permit application must include the following information:
(a) The activities conducted by the applicant that require it to obtain a permit under the Hazardous Waste Management Act;
(b) Name, mailing address, and location, including latitude and longitude of the facility for which the application is submitted;
(c) Up to four SIC codes that best reflect the principal products or services provided by the facility;
(d) The operator's name, address, telephone number, ownership status, and status as federal, state, private, public, or other entity;
(e) The name, address, and phone number of the owner of the facility;
(f) Whether the facility is located on tribal lands;
(g) An indication of whether the facility is new or existing and whether it is a first or revised application;
(h) For existing facilities:
(i) A scale drawing of the facility showing the location of all past, present, and future treatment, storage, and disposal areas; and
(ii) Photographs of the facility clearly delineating all existing structures, existing treatment, storage, and disposal areas, and sites of future treatment, storage, and disposal areas;
(i) A description of the processes to be used for treating, storing, and disposing of dangerous waste, and the design capacity of these items;
(j) A specification of the dangerous wastes listed or designated under WAC 173-303-070 to be treated, stored, or disposed of at the facility, an estimate of the quantity of those wastes to be treated, stored, or disposed annually, and a general description of the processes to be used for the wastes;
(k) A listing of all permits or construction approvals received or applied for under any of the following programs:
(i) Hazardous waste management program;
(ii) UIC program under the SWDA;
(iii) NPDES program under the CWA;
(iv) Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) program under the Clean Air Act;
(v) Nonattainment program under the Clean Air Act;
(vi) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Pollutants (NESHAPS) preconstruction approval under the Clean Air Act;
(vii) Ocean dumping permits under the Marine Protection Research and Sancturies Act;
(viii) Dredge or fill permits under section 404 of the CWA;
(ix) Other relevant environmental permits, including state permits;
(l) A topographic map (or other map if a topographic map is unavailable) extending one mile beyond the property boundaries of the source, depicting the facility and each of its intake and discharge structures; each of its dangerous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities; each well where fluids from the facility are injected underground; and those wells, springs, other surface water bodies, and drinking water wells listed in public records or otherwise known to the applicant within 1/4 mile of the facility property boundary;
(m) A brief description of the nature of the business;
(n) For dangerous debris, a description of the debris category(ies) and contaminant category(ies) to be treated, stored, or disposed of at the facility.
(5) New TSD facilities.
(a) Except as provided in 40 CFR 270.10 (f)(3) for TSCA facilities, no person may begin physical construction of a new TSD facility without having submitted parts A and B of the permit application and having received a finally effective final facility permit.
(b) An application for a permit for a new TSD facility (including both parts A and B) may be filed any time after adoption of those standards in WAC 173-303-630 that apply to such a facility. The application must be filed with the EPA Regional Administrator if at the time of application the state in which the new TSD facility is proposed to be located has not received interim or final authorization for permitting such facility; otherwise it must be filed with the department. Except as provided in paragraph 40 CFR 270.10 (f)(3), all applications must be submitted at least one hundred eighty days before physical construction is expected to begin.
(6)(a) Updating permit applications.
(i) If any owner or operator of a dangerous waste management facility has filed part A of a permit application and has not yet filed part B, the owner or operator must file an amended part A application:
(A) With the EPA Regional Administrator if the department has not obtained interim authorization or final authorization, within six months after the adoption of revised regulations under 40 CFR Part 261 listing or identifying additional hazardous wastes, if the facility is treating, storing, or disposing of any of those newly listed or identified wastes;
(B) With the department, if it has obtained interim authorization or final authorization, no later than the effective date of regulatory provisions listing or designating wastes as dangerous in addition to those listed or designated under the previously approved state program, if the facility is treating, storing, or disposing of any of those newly listed or designated wastes; or
(C) As necessary to comply with provisions of WAC 173-303-805(7) for changes during interim status. Revised part A applications necessary to comply with the provisions of WAC 173-303-805(7) must be filed with the department.
(b) The owner or operator of a facility who fails to comply with the updating requirements of (a)(i) of this subsection does not receive interim status as to the wastes not covered by duly filed part A applications.
[]
Reviser's note: The spelling error in the above section occurred in the copy filed by the agency and appears in the Register pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.08.040.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending Order 97-03, filed 1/12/98,
effective 2/12/98)
WAC 173-303-804
Emergency permits.
Requirements for an emergency permit. In the event the department finds that an imminent and substantial endangerment to human health or the environment exists, the department may issue a temporary emergency permit to a facility to allow treatment, storage, or disposal (TSD) of dangerous waste at a nonpermitted facility, or at a facility covered by an effective permit that does not otherwise allow treatment, storage, or disposal of such dangerous waste. Notice of the issuance of an emergency permit will be given to the fire marshal, police department, and other local emergency service agencies with jurisdiction near the location of the facility. The emergency permit:
(1) May be oral or written. If oral, it will be followed within five days by a written emergency permit;
(2) Will not exceed ninety days in duration for dangerous wastes;
(3) Will not exceed one hundred eighty days in duration for special waste;
(4) Will clearly specify the dangerous wastes to be received, and the manner and location of their treatment, storage, or disposal;
(5) May be terminated by the department at any time without following the decision making procedures of WAC 173-303-840 if the department determines that termination is appropriate to protect public health and the environment;
(6)(a) Will be accompanied by a public notice published under WAC 173-303-840 (3)(d) that includes:
(i) The name and address of the department;
(ii) The name and location of the permitted TSD facility;
(iii) A brief description of the wastes involved;
(iv) A brief description of the action authorized and reasons for authorizing it; and
(v) The duration of the emergency permit; and
(b) Will be given public notice by:
(i) Publication in a daily newspaper within the area affected;
(ii) By radio broadcast within the area affected;
(iii) By mailing a copy of the public notice to the persons described in WAC 173-303-840 (3)(e)(i); and
(iv) Any other method reasonably determined to give actual notice of the emergency permit to persons potentially affected by it; and
(7) Will incorporate, to the extent possible and not inconsistent with the emergency situation, all applicable requirements of this chapter.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-804, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-804, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-804, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-804, filed 4/18/84.]
(1)(a) Applicability. This section applies to all facilities eligible for an interim status permit. When a facility is owned by one person but is operated by another person, it is the operator's duty to qualify for interim status, except that the owner must also sign an interim status application. Prior to submittal of an interim status permit application the requirements of WAC 173-303-281 must be met.
(b) Any person who owns or operates an "existing dangerous TSD facility" or a facility in existence on the effective date of statutory or regulatory amendments under the Hazardous Waste Management Act or RCRA that renders the facility subject to the requirement to have a dangerous waste permit will have interim status and will be treated as having been issued a permit to the extent he or she has:
(i) Complied with the requirements of WAC 173-303-060 pertaining to notification of dangerous waste activity.
(Comment: Some existing facilities may not be required to file a notification under WAC 173-303-060. These facilities may qualify for interim status by meeting (b)(ii) of this subsection.)
(ii) Complied with the requirements of WAC 173-303-806 governing submission of part A applications.
(c) This subsection (1) will not apply to any facility that has been previously denied a final facility permit or if authority to operate the facility under the Hazardous Waste Management Act has been previously terminated.
(2) Failure to qualify for interim status. If the department has reason to believe upon examination of a Part A application that it fails to provide the required information, it will notify the owner or operator in writing of the apparent deficiency. Such notice will specify the grounds for the department's belief that the application is deficient. The owner or operator will have thirty days from receipt to respond to such a notification and to explain or cure the alleged deficiency in his Part A application. If, after such notification and opportunity for response, the department determines that the application is deficient it may take appropriate enforcement action.
(3) Interim status for facilities under RCRA interim status. Any existing facility operating under interim status gained under section 3005 of RCRA will be deemed to have an interim status permit under this chapter provided that the owner/operator complies with the applicable requirements of WAC 173-303-400 and this section.
(4) Interim status for facilities managing state-designated (non-RCRA) dangerous wastes. Any existing facility which does not satisfy subsection (3) of this section, but which is only managing dangerous wastes that are not hazardous wastes under 40 CFR Part 261, will be deemed to have an interim status permit provided that the owner/operator of the facility has complied with the notification requirements of WAC 173-303-060 by May 11, 1982 and has submitted Part A of his permit application by August 9, 1982. If an existing facility becomes subject to this chapter due to amendments to this chapter and the facility was not previously subject to this chapter, then the owner/operator of an existing facility may qualify for an interim status permit by complying with the notification requirements of WAC 173-303-060 within three months, and submitting Part A of his permit application within six months, after the adoption date of the amendments which cause the facility to be subject to the requirements of this chapter. Facilities qualifying for interim status under this subsection will not be deemed to have interim status under section 3005 of RCRA, and may only manage non-RCRA wastes until they either qualify separately for interim status under section 3005 of RCRA or receive a final status facility permit allowing them to manage RCRA wastes.
(5) Maintaining the interim status permit.
(a) Timely notification and submission of a Part A application qualifies the owner/operator of the existing TSD facility for the interim status permit, until the department terminates interim status pursuant to subsection (8) of this section.
(b) Interim status for the existing TSD facility will be maintained while the department makes final administrative disposition of a final facility permit pursuant to WAC 173-303-806 if:
(i) The owner/operator has submitted his final facility permit application (as described in WAC 173-303-806) within six months of the written request by the department to submit such application; and
(ii) Grounds for terminating interim status (as described in subsection (8) of this section) do not exist.
(c) The owner/operator of an interim status facility must update his Part A whenever he is managing wastes that are newly regulated under this chapter, and as necessary to comply with subsection (7) of this section. Failure to comply with this updating requirement is a violation of interim status.
(6) Prohibitions for interim status permits. Facilities with an interim status permit must not:
(a) Treat, store, or dispose of dangerous waste not specified in Part A of the permit application;
(b) Employ processes not specified in Part A of the permit application; or
(c) Exceed the design capacities specified in Part A of the permit application.
(7) Changes during interim status.
(a) Except as provided in (b) of this subsection, the owner or operator of an interim status facility may make the following changes at the facility:
(i) Treatment, storage, or disposal of new dangerous wastes not previously identified in Part A of the permit application (and, in the case of newly listed or identified wastes, addition of the units being used to treat, store, or dispose of the dangerous wastes on the effective date of the listing or identification) if the owner or operator submits a revised Part A permit application prior to such treatment, storage, or disposal (along with a justification detailing the equipment and process or processes that the owner or operator will use to treat, store, or dispose of the new dangerous wastes) and if the department does not explicitly deny the changes within sixty days of receipt of the revised application;
(ii) Increases in the design capacity of processes used at the facility if the owner or operator submits a revised Part A permit application prior to such a change (along with a justification explaining the need for the change), the requirements of WAC 173-303-281 are met, and the department approves the changes because:
(A) There is a lack of available treatment, storage, or disposal capacity at other dangerous waste management facilities; or
(B) The change is necessary to comply with a federal, state, or local requirement.
(iii) Changes in the processes for the treatment, storage, or disposal of dangerous waste or addition of processes if the owner or operator submits a revised Part A permit application prior to such change (along with a justification explaining the need for the change) and the department approves the change because:
(A) The change is necessary to prevent a threat to human health and the environment because of an emergency situation; or
(B) The change is necessary to comply with a federal, state, or local requirement.
(iv) Changes in the ownership or operational control of a facility if the new owner or operator submits a revised Part A permit application no later than ninety days prior to the scheduled change. When a transfer of operational control of a facility occurs, the old owner or operator must comply with the interim status financial requirements of 40 CFR Part 265, Subpart H (as referenced in WAC 173-303-400), until the new owner or operator has demonstrated to the department that he is complying with the financial requirements. Upon demonstration to the department by the new owner or operator of compliance with the interim status financial requirements, the department will notify the old owner or operator in writing that he no longer needs to comply with the interim status financial requirements as of the date of demonstration. The new owner or operator must demonstrate compliance with the financial requirements within six months of the date of the change in ownership or operational control of the facility. All other interim status duties are transferred effective immediately upon the date of the change in ownership or operational control of the facility.
(v) Changes made in accordance with an interim status corrective action order issued by EPA under section 3008(h) of RCRA or other federal authority, including an order or consent decree issued pursuant to WAC 173-303-646 (2) or (3), by the department under chapter 70.105 RCW or other state authority, or by a court in a judicial action brought by EPA or by the department. Changes under this subsection (7)(a)(v) are limited to the treatment, storage, or disposal of solid waste from releases that originate within the boundary of the facility.
(vi) Addition of newly regulated units for the treatment, storage, or disposal of dangerous waste if the owner or operator submits a revised Part A permit application on or before the date on which the unit becomes subject to the new requirements.
(b) Except as specifically allowed under this subsection (7)(b), changes listed under (a) of this subsection may not be made if they amount to reconstruction of the dangerous waste management facility. Reconstruction occurs when the capital investment in the changes to the facility exceeds fifty percent of the capital cost of a comparable entirely new dangerous waste management facility. If all other requirements are met, the following changes may be made even if they amount to a reconstruction:
(i) Changes made solely for the purposes of complying with the requirements of WAC 173-303-640(4) for tanks and ancillary equipment.
(ii) If necessary to comply with federal, state, or local requirements, changes to an existing unit, changes solely involving tanks or containers, or addition of replacement surface impoundments that satisfy the standards of section 3004(o) of RCRA.
(iii) Changes that are necessary to allow owners or operators to continue handling newly listed or identified dangerous wastes that have been treated, stored, or disposed of at the facility prior to the effective date of the rule establishing the new listing or identification.
(iv) Changes during closure of a facility or of a unit within a facility made in accordance with an approved closure plan.
(v) Changes necessary to comply with an interim status corrective action order issued by EPA under section 3008(h) or other federal authority, by the department under chapter 70.105 RCW or other state authority, or by a court in a judicial proceeding brought by EPA or an authorized state, provided that such changes are limited to the treatment, storage, or disposal of solid waste from releases that originate within the boundary of the facility.
(vi) Changes to treat or store, in tanks, containers, or containment buildings hazardous wastes subject to land disposal restrictions imposed by 40 CFR Part 268 or RCRA section 3004, provided that such changes are made solely for the purpose of complying with 40 CFR Part 268 or RCRA section 3004.
(vii) Addition of newly regulated units under (a)(vi) of this subsection.
(8) Termination of interim status permit. The following are causes for terminating an interim status permit, or for denying a revised permit application:
(a) Final administrative disposition of a final facility permit application is made pursuant to WAC 173-303-806;
(b) When the department on examination or reexamination of a Part A application determines that it fails to meet the applicable standards of this chapter, it may notify the owner or operator that the application is deficient and that the interim status permit has been revoked. The owner or operator will then be subject to enforcement for operating without a permit;
(c) Failure to submit a requested Part B application on time, or to provide in full the information required in the Part B application;
(d) Violation of applicable interim status standards;
(e) A determination that the permit applicant has failed to satisfy the performance standards of WAC 173-303-283;
(f) For owners or operators of each land disposal facility which has been granted interim status prior to November 8, 1984, interim status terminated on November 8, 1985, unless:
(i) The owner or operator submits a Part B application for a permit for such facility prior to that date; and
(ii) The owner or operator certifies that such facility is in compliance with all applicable ground water monitoring and financial responsibility requirements.
(g) For owners or operators of each land disposal facility which is in existence on the effective date of statutory or regulatory amendments under the Hazardous Waste Management Act that render the facility subject to the requirement to have a final facility permit and which is granted interim status, interim status terminates twelve months after the date on which the facility first becomes subject to such permit requirement unless the owner or operator of such facility:
(i) Submits a Part B application for a final facility permit for such facility before the date twelve months after the date on which the facility first becomes subject to such permit requirement; and
(ii) Certifies that such facility is in compliance with all applicable ground water monitoring and financial responsibility requirements.
(h) For owners or operators of any land disposal unit that is granted authority to operate under subsection (7)(a)(i), (ii) or (iii) of this section, interim status terminates on the date twelve months after the effective date of such requirement, unless the owner or operator certifies that such unit is in compliance with all applicable ground water monitoring and financial responsibility requirements;
(i) For owners and operators of each incinerator facility which achieved interim status prior to November 8, 1984, interim status terminated on November 8, 1989, unless the owner or operator of the facility submitted a Part B application for a final facility permit for an incinerator facility by November 8, 1986; or
(j) For owners or operators of any facility (other than a land disposal or an incinerator facility) which has achieved interim status prior to November 8, 1984, interim status terminated on November 8, 1992, unless the owner or operator of the facility submitted a Part B application for a final facility permit for the facility by November 8, 1988.
(9) Reserve.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-805, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-805, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-805, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-805, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-805, filed 1/4/89; 88-18-083 (Order 88-29), § 173-303-805, filed 9/6/88; 88-07-039 (Order 87-37), § 173-303-805, filed 3/11/88; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-805, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-805, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-805, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-805, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Applicability. This section applies to all dangerous waste facilities required to have a final facility permit. The final facility permit requirements are applicable to:
(a) Final status TSD facilities; and
(b) Certain recycling facilities that are not exempt from the permit requirements.
(2)(a) Application. Any person subject to the permit requirements of this section who intends to operate a new TSD facility must comply with WAC 173-303-281 and apply for a final facility permit. The department may, at any time, require the owner or operator of an existing TSD facility to apply for a final facility permit. Such owner or operator will be allowed one hundred eighty days to submit his application; the department may extend the length of the application period if it finds that there are good reasons to do so. The owner or operator of an existing TSD facility may voluntarily apply for a final facility permit at any time. Any person seeking a final facility permit must complete, sign, and submit an application to the department. An application must consist of a Part A permit form (which can be obtained from the department), and the contents of Part B as specified in subsection (4) of this section. The requirements for the contents of a part A permit application are at WAC 173-303-803(4).
(b) Persons covered by permits by rule (WAC 173-303-802) need not apply. Procedures for applications, issuance and administration of emergency permits are found exclusively in WAC 173-303-804. Procedures for application, issuance and administration of research, development, and demonstration permits are found exclusively in WAC 173-303-809.
(3) Effective regulations. A final facility permit will include all applicable requirements of this chapter which are in effect on the date that the permit is issued by the department. WAC 173-303-840(7) provides a means for reopening permit proceedings at the discretion of the department where new requirements become effective during the permitting process and are of sufficient magnitude to make additional proceedings desirable. Any other changes to the final facility permit will be in accordance with the permit modification requirements of WAC 173-303-830.
(4) Contents of Part B. Part B of a permit application must consist of the information required in (a) through (l) of this subsection.
(a) General requirements. Part B of the permit application consists of the general information requirements of this subsection, and the specific information requirements in (b) through (h) of this subsection as applicable to the facility. The Part B information requirements presented in (a) through (h) of this subsection, reflect the standards promulgated in WAC 173-303-600. These information requirements are necessary in order for the department to determine compliance with WAC 173-303-600 through 173-303-670. If owners and operators of TSD facilities can demonstrate that the information prescribed in Part B cannot be provided to the extent required, the department may make allowance for submission of such information on a case-by-case basis. Information required in Part B must be submitted to the department and signed in accordance with requirements in WAC 173-303-810(12). Certain technical data, such as design drawings and specifications, and engineering studies must be certified by a registered professional engineer. The following information is required for all TSD facilities, except as WAC 173-303-600(3) provides otherwise.
(i) A general description of the facility.
(ii) Chemical, biological, and physical analyses of the dangerous waste and hazardous debris to be handled at the facility. At a minimum, these analyses must contain all the information which must be known to treat, store, or dispose of the wastes properly in accordance with WAC 173-303-600.
(iii) A copy of the waste analysis plan required by WAC 173-303-300(5) and, if applicable WAC 173-303-300 (5)(g).
(iv) A description of the security procedures and equipment required by WAC 173-303-310, or a justification demonstrating the reasons for requesting a waiver of this requirement.
(v) A copy of the general inspection schedule required by
WAC 173-303-320(2): Include where applicable, as part of the
inspection schedule, specific requirements in WAC 173-303-395
(1)(d), 173-303-630(6), 173-303-640 (4)(a)(i) and (6),
173-303-650(4), 173-303-655(4), 173-303-660 (4) and (5),
173-303-665(4), 173-303-670(7), and 173-303-680(3), and 40 CFR
264.1033, 264.1035, 264.1052, 264.1053, 264.1058, 264.1064,
264.1067, 264.1084, 264.1085, 264.1086, and 264.1088((, and
264.1091)).
(vi) A justification of any request for a waiver(s) of the preparedness and prevention requirements of WAC 173-303-340, or a description of the procedures used to comply with these requirements.
(vii) A copy of the contingency plan required by WAC 173-303-350: Include, where applicable, as part of the contingency plan, specific requirements in WAC 173-303-640(7), 173-303-650(5) and 173-303-660(6).
(viii) A description of procedures, structures, or equipment used at the facility to:
(A) Prevent hazards and contain spills in unloading/loading operations (for example, ramps, berms, pavement, special forklifts);
(B) Prevent run-off from dangerous waste handling areas to other areas of the facility or environment, or to prevent flooding (for example, berms, dikes, trenches);
(C) Prevent contamination of water supplies;
(D) Mitigate effects of equipment failure and power outages;
(E) Prevent undue exposure of personnel to dangerous waste (for example, protective clothing); and
(F) Prevent releases to the atmosphere.
(ix) A description of precautions to prevent accidental ignition or reaction of ignitable, reactive, or incompatible wastes as required to demonstrate compliance with WAC 173-303-395 including documentation demonstrating compliance with WAC 173-303-395 (1)(c).
(x) Traffic pattern, estimated volume (number, types of vehicles) and control (for example, show turns across traffic lanes, and stacking lanes (if appropriate); describe access road surfacing and load bearing capacity; show traffic control signals).
(xi) Seismic risk consideration. The owner/operator of a proposed facility or expansion of an existing facility must identify the seismic risk zone in which the facility is intended to be located. Where state or local maps are not available, United States Geological Survey Open File Report number 82-1033 may be used to identify seismic risk zones. The owner/operator must demonstrate that the facility can and will be designed to resist seismic ground motion and that the design is sufficient to withstand the maximum horizontal acceleration of a design earthquake specified in the demonstration.
(xii) An outline of both the introductory and continuing training programs by owners or operators to prepare persons to operate or maintain the TSD facility in a safe manner as required to demonstrate compliance with WAC 173-303-330. A brief description of how training will be designed to meet actual job tasks in accordance with requirements in WAC 173-303-330 (1)(d).
(xiii) A copy of the closure plan and, where applicable, the post-closure plan required by WAC 173-303-610 (3) and (8). Include, where applicable, as part of the plans, specific requirements in WAC 173-303-630(10), 173-303-640(8), 173-303-650(6), 173-303-655(8), 173-303-660(9), 173-303-665(6), 173-303-670(8), and 173-303-680 (2) and (4).
(xiv) For dangerous waste disposal units that have been closed, documentation that notices required under WAC 173-303-610(10) have been filed.
(xv) The most recent closure cost estimate for the facility prepared in accordance with WAC 173-303-620(3) and a copy of the documentation required to demonstrate financial assurance under WAC 173-303-620(4). For a new facility, a copy of the required documentation may be submitted sixty days prior to the initial receipt of dangerous wastes, if that is later than the submission of the Part B.
(xvi) Where applicable, the most recent post-closure cost estimate for the facility prepared in accordance with WAC 173-303-620(5) plus a copy of the documentation required to demonstrate financial assurance under WAC 173-303-620(6). For a new facility, a copy of the required documentation may be submitted sixty days prior to the initial receipt of dangerous wastes, if that is later than the submission of the Part B.
(xvii) Where applicable, a copy of the insurance policy or other documentation which comprises compliance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-620(8). For a new facility, documentation showing the amount of insurance meeting the specification of WAC 173-303-620 (8)(a) and, if applicable, WAC 173-303-620 (8)(b), that the owner or operator plans to have in effect before initial receipt of dangerous waste for treatment, storage, or disposal. A request for a variance in the amount of required coverage, for a new or existing facility, may be submitted as specified in WAC 173-303-620 (8)(c).
(xviii) A topographic map showing a distance of one thousand feet around the facility at a scale of 2.5 centimeters (1 inch) equal to not more than 61.0 meters (200 feet). Contours must be shown on the map. The contour interval must be sufficient to clearly show the pattern of surface water flow in the vicinity of and from each operational unit of the facility. For example, contours with an interval of 1.5 meters (5 feet), if relief is greater than 6.1 meters (20 feet), or an interval of 0.6 meters (2 feet), if relief is less than 6.1 meters (20 feet). Owners and operators of TSD facilities located in mountainous areas should use large contour intervals to adequately show topographic profiles of facilities. The map must clearly show the following:
(A) Map scale and date;
(B) One hundred-year floodplain area;
(C) Surface waters including intermittent streams;
(D) Surrounding land uses (residential, commercial, agricultural, recreational);
(E) A wind rose (i.e., prevailing windspeed and direction);
(F) Orientation of the map (north arrow);
(G) Legal boundaries of the TSD facility site;
(H) Access control (fences, gates);
(I) Injection and withdrawal wells both on-site and off-site;
(J) Buildings; treatment, storage, or disposal operations; or other structure (recreation areas, run-off control systems, access and internal roads, storm, sanitary, and process sewerage systems, loading and unloading areas, fire control facilities, etc.);
(K) Barriers for drainage or flood control; and
(L) Location of operational units within the TSD facility
site, where dangerous waste is (or will be) treated, stored, or
disposed (include equipment clean-up areas)((; and
(M) For land disposal facilities, if a case-by-case extension has been approved under 40 CFR 268.5 or a petition has been approved under 40 CFR 268.6, a copy of the notice of approval for the extension or petition is required)).
(Note - For large TSD facilities the department will allow the use of other scales on a case-by-case basis.)
(xix) Applicants may be required to submit such information as may be necessary to enable the department to carry out its duties under other state or federal laws as required.
(xx) Additional information requirements. The following additional information regarding protection of ground water is required from owners or operators of dangerous waste facilities containing a regulated unit except as otherwise provided in WAC 173-303-645 (1)(b):
(A) A summary of the ground water monitoring data obtained during the interim status period under 40 CFR 265.90 through 265.94, where applicable;
(B) Identification of the uppermost aquifer and aquifers hydraulically interconnected beneath the facility property, including ground water flow direction and rate, and the basis for such identification (i.e., the information obtained from hydrogeologic investigations of the facility area);
(C) On the topographic map required under (a)(xviii) of this subsection, a delineation of the waste management area, the property boundary, the proposed "point of compliance" as defined under WAC 173-303-645(6), the proposed location of ground water monitoring wells as required under WAC 173-303-645(8), and, to the extent possible, the information required in (a)(xx)(B) of this subsection;
(D) A description of any plume of contamination that has entered the ground water from a regulated unit at the time that the application was submitted that:
(I) Delineates the extent of the plume on the topographic map required under (a)(xviii) of this subsection;
(II) Identifies the concentration of each constituent throughout the plume or identifies the maximum concentrations of each constituent in the plume. (Constituents are those listed in Appendix IX of 40 CFR Part 264, and any other constituents not listed there which have caused a managed waste to be regulated under this chapter.);
(E) Detailed plans and an engineering report describing the proposed ground water monitoring program to be implemented to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-645(8);
(F) If the presence of dangerous constituents has not been detected in the ground water at the time of permit application, the owner or operator must submit sufficient information, supporting data, and analyses to establish a detection monitoring program which meets the requirements of WAC 173-303-645(9). This submission must address the following items specified under WAC 173-303-645(9):
(I) A proposed list of indicator parameters, waste constituents, or reaction products that can provide a reliable indication of the presence of dangerous constituents in the ground water;
(II) A proposed ground water monitoring system;
(III) Background values for each proposed monitoring parameter or constituent, or procedures to calculate such values; and
(IV) A description of proposed sampling, analysis and statistical comparison procedures to be utilized in evaluating ground water monitoring data;
(G) If the presence of dangerous constituents has been detected in the ground water at the point of compliance at the time of permit application, the owner or operator must submit sufficient information, supporting data, and analyses to establish a compliance monitoring program which meets the requirements of WAC 173-303-645(10). The owner or operator must also submit an engineering feasibility plan for a corrective action program necessary to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-645(11) except as provided in WAC 173-303-645 (9)(h)(v). Alternatively, the owner or operator can obtain written authorization in advance from the department to submit a proposed permit schedule for development and submittal of such information. To demonstrate compliance with WAC 173-303-645(10), the owner or operator must address the following items:
(I) A description of the wastes previously handled at the facility;
(II) A characterization of the contaminated ground water, including concentrations of dangerous constituents and parameters;
(III) A list of constituents and parameters for which compliance monitoring will be undertaken in accordance with WAC 173-303-645 (8) and (10);
(IV) Proposed concentration limits for each dangerous constituent and parameter, based on the criteria set forth in WAC 173-303-645 (5)(a), including a justification for establishing any alternate concentration limits;
(V) Detailed plans and an engineering report describing the proposed ground water monitoring system, in accordance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-645(8); and
(VI) A description of proposed sampling, analysis and statistical comparison procedures to be utilized in evaluating ground water monitoring data; and
(H) If dangerous constituents or parameters have been measured in the ground water which exceed the concentration limits established under WAC 173-303-645(5), Table 1, or if ground water monitoring conducted at the time of permit application under 40 CFR 265.90 through 265.94 at the waste boundary indicates the presence of dangerous constituents from the facility in ground water over background concentrations, the owner or operator must submit sufficient information, supporting data, and analyses to establish a corrective action program which meets the requirements of WAC 173-303-645(11). However, an owner or operator is not required to submit information to establish a corrective action program if he demonstrates to the department that alternate concentration limits will protect human health and the environment after considering the criteria listed in WAC 173-303-645(5). An owner or operator who is not required to establish a corrective action program for this reason must instead submit sufficient information to establish a compliance monitoring program which meets the requirements of WAC 173-303-645 (10) and (a)(xx)(F) of this subsection. To demonstrate compliance with WAC 173-303-645(11), the owner or operator must address, at a minimum, the following items:
(I) A characterization of the contaminated ground water, including concentrations of dangerous constituents and parameters;
(II) The concentration limit for each dangerous constituent and parameter found in the ground water as set forth in WAC 173-303-645(5);
(III) Detailed plans and an engineering report describing the corrective action to be taken;
(IV) A description of how the ground water monitoring program will demonstrate the adequacy of the corrective action; and
(V) The permit may contain a schedule for submittal of the information required in (a)(xx)(H)(III) and (IV) of this subsection, provided the owner or operator obtains written authorization from the department prior to submittal of the complete permit application.
(xxi) Contingent ground water protection program. The following actions are required for owners or operators of proposed land-based facilities and may be required for owners/operators of existing land-based facilities, except as provided in WAC 173-303-645 (1)(b).
(A) Contingent ground water protection program. The owner or operator must develop a contingent ground water protection program. The purpose of this program will be to prevent the migration of dangerous waste or dangerous waste constituents from waste management units to the nearest hydraulically downgradient receptor at any time during the life of the facility. For the purposes of this subsection, the downgradient receptor will be the facility property line, perennial surface water or domestic well, whichever is nearest to the dangerous waste management unit. The contingent ground water protection program must at a minimum:
(I) Define the local and regional hydrogeologic characteristics. The contingent ground water protection program must be based on a sufficient understanding of site geology, hydrology, and other factors to allow evaluation of its adequacy by the department. Site characterization must be performed in sufficient detail to provide, at a minimum, the following information: Site geostratigraphy; site hydrostratigraphy; identification of aquifers, aquitards, and aquicludes; flow models for each stratum (i.e., porus media or fracture flow); the distribution of vertical and horizontal hydraulic conductivity; effective porosity; horizontal and vertical hydraulic gradients; ground water travel time to receptors; and heterogeneity for each stratigraphic unit. Site interpretative models must include ranges of tested values: The provisions of WAC 173-303-806 (4)(a)(xx) and 173-303-645, must be used as guidance in the development of the contingent ground water protection program.
(II) Identify the range of potential release scenarios that could occur during facility operation and the postclosure care period. The scenarios must incorporate the intended design(s) of the dangerous waste management unit(s), wastes to be placed in the dangerous waste management unit(s), waste and leachate chemistry, waste, and soil and rock geochemical interactions, and the results of site characterization pursuant to WAC 173-303-806 (4)(a)(xx) and (xxi);
(III) Include specific physical action to be taken if dangerous waste or dangerous waste constituents are detected in one or more of the monitoring wells. The physical actions must be based upon engineering feasibility studies describing remedial actions established from site specific conditions and waste features. Such actions may include installation of a pump and treat system between the monitoring well and the receptor or installation of a section of slurry wall to decrease ground water travel times. The description of the systems must also provide how the remediation system will achieve cleanup, its efficiency, and the timeframes involved;
(IV) Incorporate the design, construction, and sampling methods outlined in WAC 173-303-645 (8)(c), (d), (e), (f), and (g);
(V) Demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department that the owner/operator of the dangerous waste management facility has the financial capability to implement the proposed ground water protection plan; and
(VI) Include reporting procedures to the department.
(B) The response actions identified in WAC 173-303-806 (4)(a)(xxi)(A)(III) must be activated if the presence of dangerous waste or dangerous waste constituents have been detected at the point of compliance in accordance with WAC 173-303-645 (9)(g), and must continue until the concentration of dangerous waste or dangerous waste constituents under WAC 173-303-645(4) are reduced to levels below their respective concentration limits specified in WAC 173-303-645(5).
(C) If the owner/operator does not demonstrate that the ground water protection program will prevent the migration of dangerous waste or its constituents to the nearest receptor, the department will require corrections to be made in the protection program, increase setbacks from the nearest receptor, or deny the permit.
(xxii) Additional requirements for incineration facilities. The following actions regarding the protection of human health and the environment must be taken by owners/operators of proposed hazardous waste incineration facilities and may be required for owners or operators of existing incineration facilities.
(A) Ambient monitoring program. The owner/operator will be required to develop an ambient monitoring program. The purpose of this ambient monitoring program will be to: Gather baseline environmental information characterizing on-site and off-site environmental conditions prior to facility operation; and, to identify and measure changes in the environment which may be linked to the construction and operation of the facility. The ambient monitoring program must, at a minimum:
(I) Include a characterization of facility emission sources and pathways of contaminant transport.
(II) Characterize local and regional ecosystems, including agricultural, and their sensitivity to the potential contaminants from the facility.
(III) Incorporate the findings of the environmental impact statement's health risk assessment and/or other assessments specific to the proposal or available to the scientific community regarding emissions from dangerous waste management facilities and their potential human health and environmental effects.
(IV) Identify sensitive indicator plants and animals for biomonitoring, identify specific chemical constituents of concern, sampling locations, sampling frequency, sampling and analytical methods, chain of custody procedures, quality assurance/quality control procedures, reporting times, recordkeeping procedures, and data evaluation procedures.
(B) Environmental review procedures. The owner/operator must establish procedures to allow for public review of facility operation and all monitoring data required by the facility's permit. In developing this process, the owner/operator must, at a minimum:
(I) Coordinate this effort with the public and interested local organizations;
(II) Identify the informational needs of the community and develop a public information process which meets these needs; and
(III) Develop procedures allowing full access by the public to all monitoring data required by the permit.
(C) Impact mitigation plan. Prior to the department issuing a permit, the owner/operator must submit an impact mitigation plan which demonstrates to the satisfaction of the department that the owner/operator will mitigate all probable significant adverse impacts, including economic, due to facility location and operations. The owner/operator must use as a basis for identifying probable significant adverse economic impacts those probable economic impacts identified during a public review process, such as the environmental impact statement scoping process, if applicable.
The plan must include, but is not limited to, a description of what the owner/operator will do to reduce or prevent any probable significant impacts before they occur, to mitigate such impacts should they occur, and to ensure the owner/operator has and will have the financial capability to implement such preventative and mitigative measures. Mitigation measures may include, as an element, financial compensation to adversely affected parties.
This plan may be submitted with environmental reports the department requires for compliance with the State Environmental Policy Act, with the written citizen proponent negotiation report and agreements, or with the Part B permit application. If the plan does not demonstrate that the owner/operator is capable of adequately mitigating the identified probable significant adverse economic impacts, the department will require modification of the plan or of the proposed facility location, or will deny the permit application. The department must be satisfied with the plan prior to the issuance of the permit.
(xxiii) Information requirements for solid waste management units.
(A) The following information is required for each solid waste management unit:
(I) The location of the unit on the topographic map required under (a)(xviii) of this subsection.
(II) Designation of type of unit.
(III) General dimensions and structural description (supply any available drawings).
(IV) Time frame over which the unit was operated.
(V) Specification of all wastes that have been managed in the unit, to the extent available.
(B) The owner/operator of any facility containing one or more solid waste management units must submit all available information pertaining to any release of dangerous wastes or dangerous constituents from such unit or units.
(C) The owner/operator must conduct and provide the results of sampling and analysis of ground water, landsurface, and subsurface strata, surface water, or air, which may include the installation of wells, where the department determines it is necessary to complete a RCRA Facility Assessment that will determine if a more complete investigation is necessary.
WAC 173-303-806 (4)(a)(xxiv):
(xxiv) Information requirements for known releases.
(A) In order to provide for corrective action necessary to protect human health and the environment, the following information is required for all known significant releases of dangerous waste and dangerous constituents (as defined by WAC 173-303-646 (2)(c)) at, and from, the facility. A significant release is a release which has affected or has the potential to affect human health or the environment at or beyond the facility.
(I) The location of the release on the topographic map required under (a)(xviii) of this subsection.
(II) General dimensions of the release and any relevant structural description. For example, if the release is from a storage tank, provide a structural description of the tank. Supply any available drawings.
(III) Time frame over which the release occurred.
(IV) Specification of all dangerous waste or dangerous constituents (as defined by WAC 173-303-646 (2)(c)) present in the release, to the extent available.
(xxv) A summary of the preapplication meeting, along with a list of attendees and their addresses, and copies of any written comments or materials submitted at the meeting, as required under WAC 173-303-281 (3)(c).
(xxvi) For land disposal facilities, if a case-by-case extension has been approved under 40 CFR 268.5 or a petition has been approved under 40 CFR 268.6, a copy of the notice of approval for the extension or petition is required.
(b) Specific Part B information requirements for containers. Except as otherwise provided in WAC 173-303-600(3), owners or operators of facilities that store containers of dangerous waste must provide the following additional information:
(i) A description of the containment system to demonstrate compliance with WAC 173-303-630(7). Show at least the following:
(A) Basic design parameters, dimensions, and materials of construction including allowance for a twenty-five-year, twenty-four-hour storm;
(B) How the design promotes positive drainage control or how containers are kept from contact with standing liquids in the containment system;
(C) Capacity of the containment system relative to the volume of the largest container to be stored;
(D) Provisions for preventing or managing run-on;
(E) How accumulated liquids can be analyzed and removed to prevent overflow; and
(F) A description of the building or other protective covering for EHW containers;
(ii) For storage areas that store containers holding wastes that do not contain free liquids, a demonstration of compliance with WAC 173-303-630 (7)(c), including:
(A) Test procedures and results or other documentation or information to show that the wastes do not contain free liquids; and
(B) A description of how the storage area is designed or operated to drain and remove liquids or how containers are kept from contact with standing liquids;
(iii) A description of the procedures for labeling containers;
(iv) Sketches, drawings, or data demonstrating compliance
with WAC 173-303-630(8) (location of buffer zone and containers
holding ignitable or reactive wastes) and WAC 173-303-630 (9)(c)
(location of incompatible wastes), where applicable; ((and))
(v) Where incompatible wastes are stored or otherwise managed in containers, a description of the procedures used to ensure compliance with WAC 173-303-630 (9)(a) and (b), and 173-303-395 (1)(b) and (c); and
(vi) Information on air emission control equipment as required in (m) of this subsection.
(c) Specific Part B information requirements for tanks. Except as otherwise provided in WAC 173-303-600(3), owners and operators of facilities that use tanks to store or treat dangerous waste must provide the following information:
(i) A written assessment that is reviewed and certified by an independent, qualified, registered professional engineer as to the structural integrity and suitability for handling dangerous waste of each tank system, as required under WAC 173-303-640 (2) and (3);
(ii) Dimensions and capacity of each tank;
(iii) Description of feed systems, safety cutoff, bypass systems, and pressure controls (e.g., vents);
(iv) A diagram of piping, instrumentation, and process flow for each tank system;
(v) A description of materials and equipment used to provide external corrosion protection, as required under WAC 173-303-640 (3)(a)(iii)(B);
(vi) For new tank systems, a detailed description of how the tank system(s) will be installed in compliance with WAC 173-303-640 (3)(b), (c), (d), and (e);
(vii) Detailed plans and a description of how the secondary containment system for each tank system is or will be designed, constructed, and operated to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-640 (4)(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), and (f);
(viii) For tank systems for which a variance from the requirements of WAC 173-303-640(4) is sought (as provided by WAC 173-303-640 (4)(g)):
(A) Detailed plans and engineering and hydrogeologic reports, as appropriate, describing alternate design and operating practices that will, in conjunction with location aspects, prevent the migration of any dangerous waste or dangerous constituents into the ground water or surface water during the life of the facility; or
(B) A detailed assessment of the substantial present or potential hazards posed to human health or the environment should a release enter the environment.
(ix) Description of controls and practices to prevent spills and overflows, as required under WAC 173-303-640 (5)(b);
(x) For tank systems in which ignitable, reactive, or incompatible wastes are to be stored or treated, a description of how operating procedures and tank system and facility design will achieve compliance with the requirements of WAC 173-303-640 (9) and (10);
(xi) A description of the marking and/or labeling of tanks;
((and))
(xii) Tank design to prevent escape of vapors and emissions of acutely or chronically toxic (upon inhalation) EHW; and
(xiii) Information on air emission control equipment as required in (m) of this subsection.
(d) Specific Part B information requirements for surface impoundments. Except as otherwise provided in WAC 173-303-600(3), owners and operators of facilities that store, treat, or dispose of dangerous waste in surface impoundments must provide the following additional information:
(i) A list of the dangerous wastes placed or to be placed in each surface impoundment;
(ii) Detailed plans and an engineering report describing how the surface impoundment is designed, and is or will be constructed, operated and maintained to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-650 (2)(j), (10), (11), and 173-303-335, addressing the following items:
(A) The liner system (except for an existing portion of a surface impoundment), including the certification required by WAC 173-303-650 (2)(a)(i)(D) for EHW management. If an exemption from the requirement for a liner is sought as provided by WAC 173-303-650 (2)(b), submit detailed plans and engineering and hydrogeologic reports, as appropriate, describing alternate design and operating practices that will, in conjunction with location aspects, prevent the migration of any dangerous constituents into the ground water or surface water at any future time;
(B) Prevention of overtopping;
(C) Structural integrity of dikes;
(D) The double liner and leak (leachate) detection, collection, and removal system, if the surface impoundment must meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-650 (2)(j). If an exemption from the requirements for double liners and a leak detection, collection, and removal system or alternative design is sought as provided by WAC 173-303-650 (2)(k), (l), or (m), submit appropriate information;
(E) If the leak detection system is located in a saturated zone, submit detailed plans and an engineering report explaining the leak detection system design and operation, and the location of the saturated zone in relation to the leak detection system;
(F) The construction quality assurance (CQA) plan if required under WAC 173-303-335; and
(G) Proposed action leakage rate, with rationale, if required under WAC 173-303-650(10), and response action plan, if required under WAC 173-303-650(11).
(iii) Reserve.
(iv) A description of how each surface impoundment, including the double liner system, leak detection system, cover systems and appurtenances for control of overtopping, will be inspected in order to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-650 (4)(a), (b), and (d). This information should be included in the inspection plan submitted under (a)(v) of this subsection;
(v) A certification by a qualified engineer which attests to the structural integrity of each dike, as required under WAC 173-303-650 (4)(c). For new units, the owner or operator must submit a statement by a qualified engineer that he will provide such a certification upon completion of construction in accordance with the plans and specifications;
(vi) A description of the procedure to be used for removing a surface impoundment from service, as required under WAC 173-303-650 (5)(b) and (c). This information should be included in the contingency plan submitted under (a)(vii) of this subsection;
(vii) A description of how dangerous waste residues and contaminated materials will be removed from the unit at closure, as required under WAC 173-303-650 (6)(a)(i). For any wastes not to be removed from the unit upon closure, the owner or operator must submit detailed plans and an engineering report describing how WAC 173-303-650 (6)(a)(ii) and (b) will be complied with. This information should be included in the closure plan and, where applicable, the post-closure plan submitted under (a)(xiii) of this subsection;
(viii) If ignitable or reactive wastes are to be placed in a surface impoundment, an explanation of how WAC 173-303-650(7) will be complied with;
(ix) If incompatible wastes, or incompatible wastes and
materials will be placed in a surface impoundment, an explanation
of how WAC 173-303-650(8) will be complied with; ((and))
(x) Where applicable, a waste management plan for Dangerous Waste Nos. F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027 describing how the surface impoundment is or will be designed to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-650(9); and
(xi) Information on air emission control equipment as required in (m) of this subsection.
(e) Specific Part B information requirements for waste piles. Except as otherwise provided in WAC 173-303-600(3), owners and operators of facilities that store or treat dangerous waste in waste piles must provide the following additional information:
(i) A list of dangerous wastes placed or to be placed in each waste pile;
(ii) If an exemption is sought to WAC 173-303-660(2), and 173-303-645 as provided by WAC 173-303-660 (1)(c), an explanation of how the standards of WAC 173-303-660 (1)(c) will be complied with;
(iii) Detailed plans and an engineering report describing how the waste pile is designed, and is or will be constructed, operated, and maintained to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-335, 173-303-660 (2)(j), (11) and (12), addressing the following items:
(A)(I) The liner system (except for an existing portion of a pile) if the waste pile must meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-660(2), including the licensed engineer's certification when required by WAC 173-303-660 (2)(c). If an exemption from the requirement for a liner is sought, as provided by WAC 173-303-660 (2)(d), submit detailed plans and engineering and hydrogeologic reports, as applicable, describing alternate design and operating practices that will, in conjunction with location aspects, prevent the migration of any dangerous constituents into the ground water or surface water at any future time;
(II) The double liner and leak (leachate) detection, collection, and removal system, if the waste pile must meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-660 (2)(j). If an exemption from the requirements for double liners and a leak detection, collection, and removal system or alternative design is sought as provided by WAC 173-303-660 (2)(k), (l), or (m), submit appropriate information;
(III) If the leak detection system is located in a saturated zone, submit detailed plans and an engineering report explaining the leak detection system design and operation, and the location of the saturated zone in relation to the leak detection system;
(IV) The construction quality assurance (CQA) plan if required under WAC 173-303-335;
(V) Proposed action leakage rate, with rationale, if required under WAC 173-303-660(3), and response action plan, if required under WAC 173-303-660(4);
(B) Control of run-on;
(C) Control of run-off;
(D) Management of collection and holding units associated with run-on and run-off control systems; and
(E) Control of wind dispersal of particulate matter, where applicable;
(iv) Reserve.
(v) A description of how each waste pile, including the double liner system, leachate collection and removal system, leak detection system, cover system and appurtenances for control of run-on and run-off, will be inspected in order to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-660(5). This information should be included in the inspection plan submitted under (a)(v) of this subsection. If an exemption is sought to WAC 173-303-645 pursuant to WAC 173-303-660(4), describe in the inspection plan how the inspection requirements of WAC 173-303-660 (4)(a)(iii) will be complied with;
(vi) If treatment is carried out on or in the pile, details of the process and equipment used, and the nature and quality of the residuals;
(vii) If ignitable or reactive wastes are to be placed in a waste pile, an explanation of how the requirements of WAC 173-303-660(7) will be complied with;
(viii) If incompatible wastes, or incompatible wastes and materials will be placed in a waste pile, an explanation of how WAC 173-303-660(8) will be complied with;
(ix) A description of how dangerous waste, waste residues and contaminated materials will be removed from the waste pile at closure, as required under WAC 173-303-660 (9)(a). For any waste not to be removed from the waste pile upon closure, the owner or operator must submit detailed plans and an engineering report describing how WAC 173-303-665 (6)(a) and (b) will be complied with. This information should be included in the closure plan and, where applicable, the post-closure plan submitted under (a)(xiii) of this subsection;
(x) Where applicable, a waste management plan for Dangerous Waste Nos. F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027 describing how a waste pile that is not enclosed (as defined in WAC 173-303-660 (1)(c)) is or will be designed, constructed, operated, and maintained to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-660(10).
(f) Specific Part B information requirements for incinerators. Except as WAC 173-303-670(1) provides otherwise, owners and operators of facilities that incinerate dangerous waste must fulfill the informational requirements of (f) of this subsection.
(i) When seeking an exemption under WAC 173-303-670 (1)(b) (ignitable or reactive wastes only):
(A) Documentation that the waste is listed as a dangerous waste in WAC 173-303-080, solely because it is ignitable; or
(B) Documentation that the waste is listed as a dangerous waste in WAC 173-303-080, solely because it is reactive for characteristics other than those listed in WAC 173-303-090 (7)(a)(iv) and (v), and will not be burned when other dangerous wastes are present in the combustion zone; or
(C) Documentation that the waste is a dangerous waste solely because it possesses the characteristic of ignitability, as determined by the tests for characteristics of dangerous waste under WAC 173-303-090; or
(D) Documentation that the waste is a dangerous waste solely because it possesses the reactivity characteristics listed in WAC 173-303-090 (7)(a)(i), (ii), (iii), (vi), (vii), and (viii), and that it will not be burned when other dangerous wastes are present in the combustion zone.
(ii) Submit a trial burn plan or the results of a trial burn, including all required determinations, in accordance with WAC 173-303-807.
(iii) In lieu of a trial burn, the applicant may submit the following information;
(A) An analysis of each waste or mixture of wastes to be burned including:
(I) Heating value of the waste in the form and composition in which it will be burned;
(II) Viscosity (if applicable), or description of physical form of the waste, and specific gravity of the waste;
(III) An identification of any dangerous organic constituents listed in WAC 173-303-9905 or, if not listed, which cause the waste(s) to be regulated, which are present in the waste to be burned, except that the applicant need not analyze for constituents which would reasonably not be expected to be found in the waste. The constituents excluded from analysis must be identified and the basis for their exclusion stated. The waste analysis must rely on analytical techniques specified in WAC 173-303-110 (3)(a), or their equivalent;
(IV) An approximate quantification of the dangerous constituents identified in the waste, within the precision produced by the analytical methods specified in WAC 173-303-110 (3)(a); and
(V) A quantification of those dangerous constituents in the waste which may be designated as principal organic dangerous constituents (PODC's) based on data submitted from other trial or operational burns which demonstrate compliance with the performance standards in WAC 173-303-670(4);
(B) A detailed engineering description of the incinerator, including:
(I) Manufacturer's name and model number of incinerator;
(II) Type of incinerator;
(III) Linear dimension of incinerator unit including cross sectional area of combustion chamber;
(IV) Description of auxiliary fuel system (type/feed);
(V) Capacity of prime mover;
(VI) Description of automatic waste feed cutoff system(s);
(VII) Stack gas monitoring and pollution control monitoring system;
(VIII) Nozzle and burner design;
(IX) Construction materials; and
(X) Location and description of temperature, pressure, and flow indicating devices and control devices;
(C) A description and analysis of the waste to be burned compared with the waste for which data from operational or trial burns are provided to support the contention that a trial burn is not needed. The data should include those items listed in (f)(iii)(A) of this subsection. This analysis should specify the principal organic dangerous constituents (PODC's) which the applicant has identified in the waste for which a permit is sought, and any differences from the PODC's in the waste for which burn data are provided;
(D) The design and operating conditions of the incinerator unit to be used, compared with that for which comparative burn data are available;
(E) A description of the results submitted from any previously conducted trial burn(s) including:
(I) Sampling and analysis techniques used to calculate performance standards in WAC 173-303-670(4); and
(II) Methods and results of monitoring temperatures, waste feed rates, carbon monoxide, and an appropriate indicator of combustion gas velocity (including a statement concerning the precision and accuracy of this measurement);
(F) The expected incinerator operation information to demonstrate compliance with WAC 173-303-670 (4) and (6), including:
(I) Expected carbon monoxide (CO) level in the stack exhaust gas;
(II) Waste feed rate;
(III) Combustion zone temperature;
(IV) Indication of combustion gas velocity;
(V) Expected stack gas volume, flow rate, and temperature;
(VI) Computed residence time for waste in the combustion zone;
(VII) Expected hydrochloric acid removal efficiency;
(VIII) Expected fugitive emissions and their control procedures; and
(IX) Proposed waste feed cutoff limits based on the identified significant operating parameters;
(G) Such supplemental information as the department finds necessary to achieve the purposes of this subsection;
(H) Waste analysis data, including that submitted in (f)(iii)(A) of this subsection, sufficient to allow the department to specify as permit principal organic dangerous constituents (permit PODC's) those constituents for which destruction and removal efficiencies will be required; and
(I) Test protocols and sampling and analytical data to demonstrate the designation status under WAC 173-303-070 of:
(I) Incinerator ash residues, if any; and
(II) Residues from the air pollution control devices.
(iv) The department will approve a permit application without a trial burn if the department finds that:
(A) The wastes are sufficiently similar; and
(B) The incinerator units are sufficiently similar, and the data from other trial burns are adequate to specify (under WAC 173-303-670(6)) operating conditions that will ensure that the performance standards in WAC 173-303-670(4) will be met by the incinerator.
(g) Specific Part B information requirements for land treatment facilities. Except as otherwise provided in WAC 173-303-600(3), owners and operators of facilities that use land treatment to dispose of dangerous waste must provide the following additional information:
(i) A description of plans to conduct a treatment demonstration as required under WAC 173-303-655(3). The description must include the following information:
(A) The wastes for which the demonstration will be made and the potential dangerous constituents in the waste;
(B) The data sources to be used to make the demonstration (e.g., literature, laboratory data, field data, or operating data);
(C) Any specific laboratory or field test that will be conducted, including:
(I) The type of test (e.g., column leaching, degradation);
(II) Materials and methods, including analytical procedures;
(III) Expected time for completion; and
(IV) Characteristics of the unit that will be simulated in the demonstration, including treatment zone characteristics, climatic conditions, and operating practices;
(ii) A description of a land treatment program, as required under WAC 173-303-655(2). This information must be submitted with the plans for the treatment demonstration, and updated following the treatment demonstration. The land treatment program must address the following items:
(A) The wastes to be land treated;
(B) Design measures and operating practices necessary to maximize treatment in accordance with WAC 173-303-655 (4)(a) including:
(I) Waste application method and rate;
(II) Measures to control soil pH;
(III) Enhancement of microbial or chemical reactions; and
(IV) Control of moisture content;
(C) Provisions for unsaturated zone monitoring, including:
(I) Sampling equipment, procedures, and frequency;
(II) Procedures for selecting sampling locations;
(III) Analytical procedures;
(IV) Chain of custody control;
(V) Procedures for establishing background values;
(VI) Statistical methods for interpreting results; and
(VII) The justification for any dangerous constituents recommended for selection as principal dangerous constituents, in accordance with the criteria for such selection in WAC 173-303-655 (6)(a);
(D) A list of dangerous constituents reasonably expected to be in, or derived from, the wastes to be land treated based on waste analysis performed pursuant to WAC 173-303-300;
(E) The proposed dimensions of the treatment zone;
(iii) A description of how the unit is or will be designed, constructed, operated, and maintained in order to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-655(4). This submission must address the following items:
(A) Control of run-on;
(B) Collection and control of run-off;
(C) Minimization of run-off of dangerous constituents from the treatment zone;
(D) Management of collection and holding facilities associated with run-on and run-off control systems;
(E) Periodic inspection of the unit. This information should be included in the inspection plan submitted under (a)(v) of this subsection; and
(F) Control of wind dispersal of particulate matter, if applicable;
(iv) If food-chain crops are to be grown in or on the treatment zone of the land treatment unit, a description of how the demonstration required under WAC 173-303-655(5) will be conducted including:
(A) Characteristics of the food-chain crop for which the demonstration will be made;
(B) Characteristics of the waste, treatment zone, and waste application method and rate to be used in the demonstration;
(C) Procedures for crop growth, sample collection, sample analysis, and data evaluation;
(D) Characteristics of the comparison crop including the location and conditions under which it was or will be grown; and
(E) If cadmium is present in the land treated waste, a description of how the requirements of WAC 173-303-655 (5)(b) will be complied with;
(v) A description of the vegetative cover to be applied to closed portions of the facility, and a plan for maintaining such cover during the post-closure care period, as required under WAC 173-303-655 (8)(a)(viii) and (c)(ii). This information should be included in the closure plan and, where applicable, the post-closure care plan submitted under (a)(xiii) of this subsection;
(vi) If ignitable or reactive wastes will be placed in or on the treatment zone, an explanation of how the requirements of WAC 173-303-655(9) will be complied with; and
(vii) If incompatible wastes, or incompatible wastes and materials, will be placed in or on the same treatment zone, an explanation of how WAC 173-303-655(10) will be complied with.
(viii) Where applicable, a waste management plan for Dangerous Waste Nos. F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027 describing how a land treatment facility is or will be designed, constructed, operated, and maintained to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-655(12).
(h) Specific Part B information requirements for landfills. Except as otherwise provided in WAC 173-303-600(3), owners and operators of facilities that dispose of dangerous waste in landfills must provide the following additional information;
(i) A list of the dangerous wastes placed or to be placed in each landfill or landfill cell;
(ii) Detailed plans and an engineering report describing how the landfill is designed, and is or will be constructed, operated and maintained to comply with the requirements of WAC 173-303-335, 173-303-665 (2), (8) and (9) addressing the following items:
(A)(I) The liner system (except for an existing portion of a landfill), if the landfill must meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-665 (2)(a), including the licensed engineer's certification required by WAC 173-303-665 (2)(a)(i). If an exemption from the requirements for a liner and a leachate collection and removal system is sought, as provided by WAC 173-303-665 (2)(b), submit detailed plans and engineering and hydrogeologic reports, as appropriate, describing alternate designs and operating practices that will, in conjunction with location aspects, prevent the migration of any dangerous constituent into the ground water or surface water at any future time;
(II) The double liner and leak (leachate) detection, collection, and removal system, if the landfill must meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-665 (2)(h). If an exemption from the requirements for double liners and a leak detection, collection, and removal system or alternative design is sought as provided by WAC 173-303-665 (2)(j), (k) or (l), submit appropriate information;
(III) If the leak detection system is located in a saturated zone, submit detailed plans and an engineering report explaining the leak detection system design and operation, and the location of the saturated zone in relation to the leak detection system;
(IV) The construction quality assurance (CQA) plan if required under WAC 173-303-335;
(V) Proposed action leakage rate, with rationale, if required under WAC 173-303-665(8), and response action plan, if required under 173-303-665(9);
(B) Control of run-on;
(C) Control of run-off;
(D) Management of collection and holding facilities associated with run-on and run-off control systems; and
(E) Control of wind dispersal of particulate matter, where applicable;
(iii) Reserve.
(iv) A description of how each landfill, including the double liner system, leachate collection and removal system, cover systems, and appurtenances for control for run-on and run-off will be inspected in order to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-665(4). This information must be included in the inspection plan submitted under (a)(v) of this subsection;
(v) Detailed plans and an engineering report describing the final cover which will be applied to each landfill or landfill cell at closure in accordance with WAC 173-303-665 (6)(a), and a description of how each landfill will be maintained and monitored after closure in accordance with WAC 173-303-665 (6)(b) and (c). This information should be included in the closure and post-closure plans submitted under (a)(xiii) of this subsection;
(vi) If incompatible wastes, or incompatible wastes and materials will be landfilled, an explanation of how WAC 173-303-665(7) will be complied with;
(vii) A description of how each landfill will be designed and operated in order to comply with WAC 173-303-140.
(i) Specific Part B information requirements for miscellaneous units. Except as otherwise provided in WAC 173-303-680(1), owners and operators of facilities that treat, store, or dispose of dangerous waste in miscellaneous units must provide the following additional information:
(i) A detailed description of the unit being used or proposed for use, including the following:
(A) Physical characteristics, materials of construction, and dimensions of the unit;
(B) Detailed plans and engineering reports describing how the unit will be located, designed, constructed, operated, maintained, monitored, inspected, and closed to comply with the requirements of WAC 173-303-680 (2) and (3); and
(C) For disposal units, a detailed description of the plans to comply with the postclosure requirements of WAC 173-303-680(4).
(ii) Detailed hydrologic, geologic, and meteorologic assessments and land-use maps for the region surrounding the site that address and ensure compliance of the unit with each factor in the environmental performance standards of WAC 173-303-680(2). If the applicant can demonstrate that he does not violate the environmental performance standards of WAC 173-303-680(2) and the department agrees with such demonstration, preliminary hydrologic, geologic, and meteorologic assessments will suffice.
(iii) Information on the potential pathways of exposure of humans or environmental receptors to dangerous waste or dangerous constituents and on the potential magnitude and nature of such exposures.
(iv) For any treatment unit, a report on a demonstration of the effectiveness of the treatment based on laboratory or field data.
(v) Any additional information determined by the department to be necessary for evaluation of compliance of the unit with the environmental performance standards of WAC 173-303-680(2).
(j) Specific Part B information requirements for process vents. Except as otherwise provided in WAC 173-303-600(3), owners and operators of facilities that have process vents to which WAC 173-303-690 applies must provide the following additional information:
(i) For facilities that cannot install a closed-vent system and control device to comply with the provisions of WAC 173-303-690 on the effective date that the facility becomes subject to the provisions of WAC 173-303-690 or 40 CFR 265 Subpart AA incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-400 (3)(a), an implementation schedule as specified in 40 CFR section 264.1033 (a)(2).
(ii) Documentation of compliance with the process vent standards in 40 CFR section 264.1032, including:
(A) Information and data identifying all affected process vents, annual throughput and operating hours of each affected unit, estimated emission rates for each affected vent and for the overall facility (i.e., the total emissions for all affected vents at the facility), and the approximate location within the facility of each affected unit (e.g., identify the dangerous waste management units on a facility plot plan).
(B) Information and data supporting estimates of vent emissions and emission reduction achieved by add-on control devices based on engineering calculations or source tests. For the purpose of determining compliance, estimates of vent emissions and emission reductions must be made using operating parameter values (e.g., temperatures, flow rates, or concentrations) that represent the conditions that exist when the waste management unit is operating at the highest load or capacity level reasonably expected to occur.
(C) Information and data used to determine whether or not a process vent is subject to the requirements of 40 CFR section 264.1032.
(iii) Where an owner or operator applies for permission to use a control device other than a thermal vapor incinerator, catalytic vapor incinerator, flare, boiler, process heater, condenser, or carbon adsorption system to comply with the requirements of 40 CFR 264.1032, and chooses to use test data to determine the organic removal efficiency or the total organic compound concentration achieved by the control device, a performance test plan as specified in 40 CFR 264.1035 (b)(3).
(iv) Documentation of compliance with 40 CFR 264.1033, including:
(A) A list of all information references and sources used in preparing the documentation.
(B) Records, including the dates, of each compliance test required by 40 CFR 264.1033(k).
(C) A design analysis, specifications, drawings, schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of "APTI Course 415: Control of Gaseous Emissions" (WAC 173-303-110 (3)(g)(viii)) or other engineering texts acceptable to the department that present basic control device design information. The design analysis will address the vent stream characteristics and control device operation parameters as specified in 40 CFR 264.1035 (b)(4)(iii).
(D) A statement signed and dated by the owner or operator certifying that the operating parameters used in the design analysis reasonably represent the conditions that exist when the dangerous waste management unit is or would be operating at the highest load or capacity level reasonably expected to occur.
(E) A statement signed and dated by the owner or operator certifying that the control device is designed to operate at an efficiency of 95 weight percent or greater unless the total organic emission limits of 40 CFR 264.1032(a) for affected process vents at the facility can be attained by a control device involving vapor recovery at an efficiency less than 95 weight percent.
(k) Specific Part B information requirements for equipment leaks. Except as otherwise provided in WAC 173-303-600(3), owners and operators of facilities that have equipment to which WAC 173-303-691 applies must provide the following additional information:
(i) For each piece of equipment to which WAC 173-303-691 applies:
(A) Equipment identification number and dangerous waste management unit identification.
(B) Approximate locations within the facility (e.g., identify the dangerous waste management unit on a facility plot plan).
(C) Type of equipment (e.g., a pump or pipeline valve).
(D) Percent by weight total organics in the hazardous waste stream at the equipment.
(E) Hazardous waste state at the equipment (e.g., gas/vapor or liquid).
(F) Method of compliance with the standard (e.g., "monthly leak detection and repair" or "equipped with dual mechanical seals").
(ii) For facilities that cannot install a closed-vent system and control device to comply with the provisions of WAC 173-303-691 on the effective date that the facility becomes subject to the provisions of WAC 173-303-691 or 40 CFR Part 265 Subpart BB incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-400 (3)(a), an implementation schedule as specified in 40 CFR 264.1033 (a)(2).
(iii) Where an owner or operator applies for permission to use a control device other than a thermal vapor incinerator, catalytic vapor incinerator, flare, boiler, process heater, condenser, or carbon adsorption system and chooses to use test data to determine the organic removal efficiency or the total organic compound concentration achieved by the control device, a performance test plan as specified in 40 CFR section 264.1035 (b)(3).
(iv) Documentation that demonstrates compliance with the equipment standards in 40 CFR sections 264.1052 to 264.1059. This documentation will contain the records required under 40 CFR 264.1064. The department may request further documentation before deciding if compliance has been demonstrated.
(v) Documentation to demonstrate compliance with 40 CFR section 264.1060 will include the following information:
(A) A list of all information references and sources used in preparing the documentation.
(B) Records, including the dates, of each compliance test required by 40 CFR 264.1033(j).
(C) A design analysis, specifications, drawings, schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of "ATPI Course 415: Control of Gaseous Emissions" (incorporated by reference as specified in WAC 173-303-110 (3)(g)(viii)) or other engineering texts acceptable to the department that present basic control device design information. The design analysis will address the vent stream characteristics and control device operation parameters as specified in 40 CFR 264.1035(b)(4)(iii).
(D) A statement signed and dated by the owner or operator certifying that the operating parameters used in the design analysis reasonably represent the conditions that exist when the dangerous waste management unit is operating at the highest load or capacity level reasonably expected to occur.
(E) A statement signed and dated by the owner or operator certifying that the control device is designed to operate at an efficiency of 95 weight percent or greater.
(l) Special Part B information requirements for drip pads.
Except as otherwise provided by WAC 173-303-600(3), owners and operators of dangerous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities that collect, store, or treat hazardous waste on drip pads must provide the following additional information:
(i) A list of hazardous wastes placed or to be placed on each drip pad.
(ii) If an exemption is sought to WAC 173-303-645, as provided by WAC 173-303-645(1), detailed plans and an engineering report describing how the requirements of WAC 173-303-645 (1)(b) will be met.
(iii) Detailed plans and an engineering report describing how the drip pad is or will be designed, constructed, operated and maintained to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-675(4), including the as-built drawings and specifications. This submission must address the following items as specified in WAC 173-303-675(2):
(A) The design characteristics of the drip pad;
(B) The liner system;
(C) The leakage detection system, including the leak detection system and how it is designed to detect the failure of the drip pad or the presence of any releases of hazardous waste or accumulated liquid at the earliest practicable time;
(D) Practices designed to maintain drip pads;
(E) The associated collection system;
(F) Control of run-on to the drip pad;
(G) Control of run-off from the drip pad;
(H) The interval at which drippage and other materials will be removed from the associated collection system and a statement demonstrating that the interval will be sufficient to prevent overflow onto the drip pad;
(I) Procedures for cleaning the drip pad at least once every seven days to ensure the removal of any accumulated residues of waste or other materials, including but not limited to rinsing, washing with detergents or other appropriate solvents, or steam cleaning and provisions for documenting the date, time, and cleaning procedure used each time the pad is cleaned.
(J) Operating practices and procedures that will be followed to ensure that tracking of hazardous waste or waste constituents off the drip pad due to activities by personnel or equipment is minimized;
(K) Procedures for ensuring that, after removal from the treatment vessel, treated wood from pressure and nonpressure processes is held on the drip pad until drippage has ceased, including recordkeeping practices;
(L) Provisions for ensuring that collection and holding units associated with the run-on and run-off control systems are emptied or otherwise managed as soon as possible after storms to maintain design capacity of the system;
(M) If treatment is carried out on the drip pad, details of the process equipment used, and the nature and quality of the residuals.
(N) A description of how each drip pad, including appurtenances for control of run-on and run-off, will be inspected in order to meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-675(4). This information should be included in the inspection plan submitted under (a)(v) of this subsection.
(O) A certification signed by an independent qualified, registered professional engineer, stating that the drip pad design meets the requirements of WAC 173-303-675 (4)(a) through (f).
(P) A description of how hazardous waste residues and contaminated materials will be removed from the drip pad at closure, as required under WAC 173-303-675 (6)(a). For any waste not to be removed from the drip pad upon closure, the owner or operator must submit detailed plans and an engineering report describing how WAC 173-303-665(6) will be complied with. This information should be included in the closure plan and, where applicable, the post-closure plan submitted under (a)(xiii) of this subsection.
(m) Specific Part B information requirements for air emission controls for tanks, surface impoundments, and containers (Subpart CC) at 40 CFR Part 270.27 are incorporated by reference.
(5) Construction. A person may begin physical construction of a new facility, or of new portions of an existing facility if the new portions would amount to reconstruction under interim status (WAC 173-303-805(7)), only after complying with WAC 173-303-281, submitting Part A and Part B of the permit application and receiving a final facility permit. All permit applications must be submitted at least one hundred eighty days before physical construction is expected to begin.
(6) Reapplications. Any dangerous waste facility with an effective final facility permit must submit a new application one hundred eighty days prior to the expiration date of the effective permit, unless the department grants a later date provided that such date will never be later than the expiration date of the effective permit.
(7) Continuation of expiring permits.
(a) When the owner/operator submits a timely application for a final facility permit and the application is determined by the department to be complete pursuant to subsection (8) of this section, the facility is allowed to continue operating under the expiring or expired permit until the effective date of the new permit.
(b) When the facility is not in compliance with the conditions of the expiring or expired permit, the department may choose to do any of the following:
(i) Initiate enforcement action based upon the permit which has been continued;
(ii) Issue a notice of intent to deny the new permit. If the permit is denied, the owner or operator would then be required to cease the activities authorized by the continued permit or be subject to enforcement action for operating without a permit;
(iii) Issue a new permit with appropriate conditions; and/or
(iv) Take other actions authorized by this chapter.
(8) Completeness. The department will not issue a final facility permit before receiving a complete application, except for permits by rule or emergency permits. An application for a permit is complete when the application form and any supplemental information has been submitted to the department's satisfaction. The completeness of any application for a permit will be judged independently of the status of any other permit application or permit for the same facility or activity. The department may deny a permit for the active life of a dangerous waste management facility or unit before receiving a complete application for a permit.
(9) Recordkeeping. Applicants must keep records of all data used to complete the permit applications, and any supplemental information submitted to the department for a period of at least three years from the date the application is signed.
(10) General permit conditions. All final facility permits will contain general permit conditions described in WAC 173-303-810.
(11) Permit duration.
(a) Final facility permits will be effective for a fixed term not to exceed ten years.
(b) The department may issue any final facility permit for a duration that is less than the full allowable term.
(c) The term of a final facility permit will not be extended beyond ten years, unless otherwise authorized under subsection (7) of this section.
(d) Each permit for a land disposal facility will be reviewed by the department five years after the date of permit issuance or reissuance and will be modified as necessary, as provided in WAC 173-303-830(3).
(12) Reserve.
(13) Grounds for denial. A permit application will be denied pursuant to the procedures in WAC 173-303-840 if it is determined that the proposed location and/or activity endangers public health and the environment as demonstrated by the permit applicant's failure to satisfy the performance standards of WAC 173-303-283.
(14) Permit changes. All final facility permits will be subject to the requirements of permit changes, WAC 173-303-830.
(15) Procedures for decision making. Issuance of final facility permits will be subject to the procedures for decision making described in WAC 173-303-840.
(16) Other requirements for final recycling facility permits. In lieu of issuing a final recycling facility permit, the department may, after providing opportunity for public comment in accordance with WAC 173-303-840, defer to a permit already issued under other statutory authority administered by the department (such as the State Water Pollution Control Act, chapter 90.48 RCW, the State Clean Air Act, chapter 70.94 RCW, etc.) which incorporates the requirements of this section, and WAC 173-303-500 through 173-303-525 for recycling facilities.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-806, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-806, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-806, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-806, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: RCW 43.21A.080 and 70.105.210 et seq. 90-20-016, § 173-303-806, filed 9/21/90, effective 10/22/90. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-806, filed 1/4/89; 88-18-083 (Order 88-29), § 173-303-806, filed 9/6/88; 88-07-039 (Order 87-37), § 173-303-806, filed 3/11/88; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-806, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-806, filed 6/3/86; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-806, filed 4/18/84.]
(1) Purpose and applicability. For purposes of determining operational readiness and establishing conditions in final facility permits for dangerous waste incinerators, the department may approve trial burns. Trial burns may not exceed seven hundred twenty hours operating time, except that the department may extend the duration of this operational period once, up to seven hundred twenty additional hours, at the request of the owner/operator of the incinerator when good cause is shown. The permit may be modified to reflect the extension according to WAC 173-303-830(4). The procedures for requesting and approving trial burns are described in:
(a) Subsection (((10))) (11) of this section for existing
incinerators with interim status permits; and
(b) Subsection (((11))) (13) of this section for new
incinerators and for incinerators with final facility permits in
which the owner/operator wishes to burn new wastes not currently
included in the permit.
(2) Trial burn plan. The trial burn must be conducted in accordance with a trial burn plan prepared by the applicant and approved by the department. The trial burn plan will then become a condition of the permit and will include the following information:
(a) An analysis of each waste or mixture of waste to be burned which includes:
(i) Heating value of the waste in the form and composition in which it will be burned;
(ii) Viscosity (if applicable), or description of physical form of the waste, and specific gravity of the waste;
(iii) An analysis identifying any dangerous organic constituents listed in WAC 173-303-9905, and any other dangerous constituents which, although not listed, caused the waste to be regulated as a dangerous waste, which are reasonably expected to be present in the waste to be burned. The constituents excluded from analysis must be identified and the basis for their exclusion stated. The waste analysis must rely on analytical techniques specified or referenced in WAC 173-303-110 (3)(a), or their equivalent;
(iv) An approximate quantification of the dangerous constituents identified in the waste, within the precision produced by the analytical methods specified or referenced in WAC 173-303-110 (3)(a); and
(v) A quantification of those dangerous constituents in the waste which may be designated as principal organic dangerous constituents (PODC) based on data submitted from other trial or operational burns which demonstrate compliance with the performance standard in WAC 173-303-670(4);
(b) A detailed engineering description of the incinerator for which the trial burn permit is sought including:
(i) Manufacturer's name and model number of incinerator (if available);
(ii) Type of incinerator;
(iii) Linear dimensions of the incinerator unit including the cross sectional area of the combustion chamber;
(iv) Description of the auxiliary fuel system (type/feed);
(v) Capacity of the prime air mover;
(vi) Description of automatic waste feed cutoff system(s);
(vii) Stack gas monitoring and pollution control equipment;
(viii) Nozzle and burner design;
(ix) Construction materials; and
(x) Location and description of temperature, pressure, and flow indicating and control devices;
(c) A detailed description of sampling and monitoring procedures, including sampling and monitoring locations in the system, the equipment to be used, sampling and monitoring frequency, and planned analytical procedures for sample analysis;
(d) A detailed test schedule for each waste for which the trial burn is planned including date(s), duration, quantity of waste to be burned, and other factors relevant to the department's decision under subsection (5) of this section;
(e) A detailed test protocol, including, for each waste identified, the ranges of temperature, waste feed rate, air feed rate, use of auxiliary fuel, and other relevant parameters that will be varied to affect the destruction and removal efficiency of the incinerator;
(f) A description of, and planned operating conditions for, any emission control equipment which will be used;
(g) Procedures for rapidly stopping waste feed, shutting down the incinerator, and controlling emissions in the event of an equipment malfunction;
(h) A detailed test protocol to sample and analyze the following for designation under WAC 173-303-070:
(i) Any incinerator ash residue collected in the incinerator; and
(ii) Any residues collected in the air pollution control devices; and
(i) Such other information as the department reasonably finds necessary to determine whether to approve the trial burn plan in light of the purposes of this section.
(3) Additional information required. The department, in reviewing the trial burn plan, will evaluate the adequacy of the information provided and may require the applicant to supplement this information, if necessary, to achieve the purposes of this section.
(4) Trial PODCs. Based on the waste analysis data in the trial burn plan, the department will specify as trial principal organic dangerous constituents (trial PODCs) those constituents for which destruction and removal efficiencies must be calculated during the trial burn. These trial PODCs will be specified by the department based on its estimate of the difficulty of incineration of the constituents identified in the waste analysis, the concentration or mass in the waste feed, and the dangerous waste constituent or constituents identified in WAC 173-303-9905, or identified as causing the waste to be regulated as a dangerous waste.
(5) Approval of the plan. The department will approve a trial burn plan if it finds that:
(a) The trial burn is likely to determine whether the incinerator performance standard required by WAC 173-303-670(4) can be met;
(b) The trial burn itself will not present an imminent hazard to public health or the environment;
(c) The trial burn will help the department to determine operating requirements to be specified under WAC 173-303-670(6); and
(d) The information sought in (a), (b), and (c) of this subsection cannot reasonably be developed through other means.
(6) The department must send a notice to all persons on the facility mailing list as set forth in WAC 173-303-840 (3)(e)(i)(D) and to the appropriate units of state and local government as set forth in WAC 173-303-840 (3)(e)(i)(E) announcing the scheduled beginning and completion dates for the trial burn. The applicant may not begin the trial burn until after the department has issued such notice.
(a) This notice must be mailed within a reasonable time period before the scheduled trial burn. An additional notice is not required if the trial burn is delayed due to circumstances beyond the control of the facility or the department.
(b) This notice must contain:
(i) The name and telephone number of the applicant's contact person;
(ii) The name and telephone number of the department's contact office;
(iii) The location where the approved trial burn plan and any supporting documents can be reviewed and copied; and
(iv) An expected time period for beginning and completion of the trial burn.
(7) Trial burns. During each approved trial burn (or as soon after the burn as is practicable), the applicant must make the following determinations:
(a) A quantitative analysis of the trial PODCs in the waste feed to the incinerator;
(b) A quantitative analysis of the exhaust gas for the concentration and mass emissions of the trial PODCs, O2, hydrogen chloride (HC1), carbon monoxide (CO) and dangerous combustion byproducts, including the total mass emission rate of byproducts as a percent of the total mass feed rate of PODCs fed to the incinerator;
(c) A quantitative analysis of the scrubber water (if any), ash residues, and other residues, for the purpose of estimating the fate of the trial PODCs and whether they are designated according to WAC 173-303-070;
(d) A total mass balance of the trial PODCs in the waste;
(e) A computation of destruction and removal efficiency (DRE), in accordance with the DRE formula specified in WAC 173-303-670 (4)(a);
(f) If the HCl emission rate exceeds 1.8 kilograms of HCl per hour (4 pounds per hour), a computation of HCl removal efficiency in accordance with WAC 173-303-670 (4)(c)(i);
(g) A computation of particulate emissions, in accordance with WAC 173-303-670 (4)(c)(ii);
(h) An identification of sources of fugitive emissions and their means of control;
(i) A measurement of average, maximum, and minimum temperatures, and combustion gas velocity;
(j) A continuous measurement of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas;
(k) An identification of any existing air emission standards where a state or local air pollution control authority has established emission standards and such standards are applicable to the incinerator; and
(l) Such other information as the department may specify as necessary to ensure that the trial burn will determine compliance with the performance standard of WAC 173-303-670(4), and to establish the operating conditions required by WAC 173-303-670(6).
(((7))) (8) Certification. The applicant must submit to the
department a certification that the trial burn has been carried
out in accordance with the approved trial burn plan, and must
submit the results of all determinations required by subsection
(((6))) (7) of this section. This submission must be made within
thirty days of the completion of the trial burn, or later if
approved by the department.
(((8))) (9) Submission of data. All data collected during
any trial burn must be submitted to the department following the
completion of the trial burn.
(((9))) (10) Signatures required. All submissions required
under this section must be certified on behalf of the applicant
by the signature of a person authorized to sign a permit
application under WAC 173-303-810(12).
(((10))) (11) Based on the results of the trial burn, the
department will set the operating requirements in the final
permit according to WAC 173-303-670(6). The permit modification
shall proceed according to WAC 173-303-830(4).
(12) Existing incinerators with interim status permits.
(a) The owner/operator of an existing incinerator currently
operating under an interim status permit may, when required by
the department (or when he chooses) to apply for a final facility
permit, request the department to approve of a trial burn. The
trial burn may be requested for the purposes of determining
feasibility of compliance with the performance standards of WAC 173-303-670(4) and the operating conditions of WAC 173-303-670(6). If a trial burn is requested, the owner/operator
must prepare and submit a trial burn plan and, upon approval by
the department, perform a trial burn in accordance with
subsections (2) through (((9))) (10) of this section.
(b) If the department approves the trial burn, it will issue a notice of interim status modification granting such approval and specifying the conditions applicable to the trial burn. The notice of modification will be a condition of the interim status permit. Note: The national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants may require review for a notice of construction. Owners and operators should consult chapter 173-400 WAC or local air pollution control agency regulations for applicability.
(c) If the trial burn is approved before submitting a final
facility permit application, the owner/operator must complete the
trial burn and submit the information described in subsection
(((6))) (7) of this section, with Part B of the permit
application. If completion of this process conflicts with the
date set for submission of Part B of the final facility permit
application, the owner/operator must contact the department to
extend the date for submitting the Part B or the trial burn
results. If the applicant submits a trial burn plan with Part B
of the final facility permit application, the department will
specify in the notice of interim status modification issued under
(b) of this subsection, a time period for conducting the trial
burn and submitting the results. Trial burn results must be
submitted prior to the issuance of the permit.
(((11))) (13) New incinerators and new wastes.
(a)(i) The owner/operator of a new incinerator may submit with Part B of a final facility permit application a request for approval of a trial burn. This request must include a statement of why the trial burn is desirable, and a trial burn plan prepared in accordance with subsection (2) of this section.
(ii) The department will proceed to issue a final facility permit in accordance with WAC 173-303-806. The permit will include the trial burn plan, and will establish operating conditions for the trial burn including but not limited to those described in WAC 173-303-670(6). The time period for conducting the trial burn and submitting the results will also be specified in the permit.
(iii) After the trial burn has been completed and the results submitted to the department, the final facility permit will be modified in accordance with WAC 173-303-830(4) to establish the final operating requirements and performance standards for the incinerator.
(b) The owner/operator of an incinerator with a final facility permit who wishes to burn new wastes not currently included in his permit may request approval of a trial burn for the new wastes. The request and approval will be handled in the same way as described in (a) of this subsection, except that in lieu of issuing an entirely new final facility permit the department will modify the existing final facility permit in accordance with WAC 173-303-830.
(14) For the purpose of determining feasibility of compliance with the performance standards of WAC 173-303-670(4) and of determining adequate operating conditions under WAC 173-303-670(6), the applicant for a permit for an existing dangerous waste incinerator must prepare and submit a trial burn plan and perform a trial burn in accordance with WAC 173-303-806 (4)(f) and subsections (2) through (5) and (7) through (10) of this section or, instead, submit other information as specified in WAC 173-303-806 (4)(f)(iii). The department must announce its intention to approve the trial burn plan in accordance with the timing and distribution requirements of subsection (6) of this section. The contents of the notice must include: The name and telephone number of a contact person at the facility; the name and telephone number of a contact office at the department; the location where the trial burn plan and any supporting documents can be reviewed and copied; and a schedule of the activities that are required prior to permit issuance, including the anticipated time schedule for department approval of the plan and the time period during which the trial burn would be conducted. Applicants submitting information under WAC 173-303-806 (4)(f)(i) are exempt from compliance with WAC 173-303-670 (4) and (6) and, therefore, are exempt from the requirement to conduct a trial burn. Applicants who submit trial burn plans and receive approval before submission of a permit application must complete the trial burn and submit the results, specified in subsection (7) of this section, with Part B of the permit application. If completion of this process conflicts with the date set for submission of the Part B application, the applicant must contact the department to establish a later date for submission of the Part B application or the trial burn results. Trial burn results must be submitted prior to issuance of the permit. When the applicant submits a trial burn plan with Part B of the permit application, the department will specify a time period prior to permit issuance in which the trial burn must be conducted and the results submitted.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-807, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-807, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-807, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-807, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-807, filed 4/18/84.]
(1) Purpose and applicability. This section sets forth the general permit conditions that are applicable to all permits, except interim status permits and permits by rule, to assure compliance with this chapter. If the conditions of this section are incorporated in a permit by reference, a specific citation to this section must be given in the permit.
(2) Duty to comply. The permittee must comply with all conditions of his permit. Any permit noncompliance constitutes a violation and is grounds for enforcement action; for permit termination, revocation and reissuance, or modification; or for denial of a permit renewal application. The permittee need not comply with the conditions of his permit to the extent and for the duration such noncompliance is authorized in an emergency permit.
(3) Duty to reapply. If the permittee wishes to continue an activity regulated by the permit after its expiration date, the permittee must apply for and obtain a new permit.
(4) Duty to halt or reduce activity. A permittee who has not complied with his permit, and who subsequently is subject to enforcement actions, may not argue that it would have been necessary to halt or reduce the permitted activities in order to maintain compliance with the conditions of the permit.
(5) Duty to mitigate. The permittee must take all steps required by the department to minimize or correct any adverse impact on the environment resulting from noncompliance with the permit.
(6) Proper operation and maintenance. The permittee must at all times properly operate and maintain all facilities and systems of treatment and control which are installed or used by the permittee to achieve compliance with the conditions of the permit. Proper operation and maintenance includes effective performance, adequate funding, adequate operator staffing and training, and adequate laboratory and process controls, including appropriate quality assurance procedures. This provision requires the operation of back-up or auxiliary facilities or similar systems only when necessary to achieve compliance with the conditions of the permit.
(7) Permit actions. The permit may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated for cause. The filing of a request by the permittee for a permit modification, revocation and reissuance, termination, notification of planned changes, or anticipated noncompliance, does not stay any permit condition.
(8) Effect of a permit.
(a) Compliance with a final facility permit during its term
constitutes compliance for the purpose of enforcement with
chapter 173-303 WAC except for permit modifications and those
requirements not included in the permit ((which)) that:
(i) Become effective by statute;
(ii) Are ((promulgated)) adopted under 40 CFR Part 268
restricting the placement of dangerous waste in or on the land;
((or))
(iii) Are ((promulgated)) adopted under WAC 173-303-650
through 173-303-665 regarding leak detection systems for new and
replacement surface impoundment, waste pile, and landfill units,
and lateral expansions of surface impoundment, waste pile, and
landfill units. The leak detection system requirements include
double liners, CQA programs, monitoring, action leakage rates,
and response action plans, and will be implemented through the
procedures of WAC 173-303-830 Class *1 permit modifications; or
(iv) Are adopted under 40 CFR Subparts AA, BB, or CC which are incorporated by reference at WAC 173-303-400 (3)(a) limiting air emissions.
(b) The issuance of a permit does not convey any property rights of any sort, or any exclusive privilege.
(c) The issuance of a permit does not authorize any injury to persons or property or invasion of other private rights, or any infringement of state or local laws or regulations.
(9) Duty to provide information. The permittee must furnish to the department, within a reasonable time, any information which it may request to determine whether cause exists for modifying, revoking and reissuing, or terminating a permit, or to determine compliance with a permit. The permittee must also furnish to the department, upon request, copies of records required to be kept by the permit.
(10) Inspection and entry. The permittee must allow representatives of the department, upon the presentation of proper credentials, to:
(a) Enter upon the permittee's premises where a regulated facility or activity is located or conducted, or where records must be kept under the conditions of the permit;
(b) Have access to and copy, at reasonable times, any records that must be kept under the conditions of the permit;
(c) Inspect at reasonable times any facilities, equipment (including monitoring and control equipment), practices, or operations regulated or required under the permit; and
(d) Sample or monitor at reasonable times, for the purposes of assuring permit compliance or as otherwise authorized by chapter 173-303 WAC, any substances or parameters at any location.
(11) Monitoring and monitoring records.
(a) Reserve.
(b) Samples and measurements taken for the purpose of monitoring must be representative of the monitored activity.
(c) The permittee must retain records of all monitoring information, including all calibration and maintenance records and all original strip chart recordings for continuous monitoring instrumentation, copies of all reports required by this permit, and records of all data used to complete the application for this permit, for a period of at least three years from the date of the sample, measurement, report, or application. This period may be extended by request of the department at any time.
(d) Records of monitoring information must include:
(i) The date, exact place, and time of sampling or measurements;
(ii) The individual(s) who performed the sampling or measurements;
(iii) The date(s) analyses were performed;
(iv) The individual(s) who performed the analyses;
(v) The analytical techniques or methods used; and
(vi) The results of such analyses.
(e) The permittee must maintain records from all ground water monitoring wells and associated ground water surface elevations for the active life of the facility, and for disposal facilities for the post-closure period as well.
(12) Signatory requirement. All applications, reports, or information submitted to the department must be signed in accordance with this subsection and must be certified according to subsection (13) of this section.
(a) Applications. When a dangerous waste facility is owned by one person, but is operated by another person, then the operator will be the permit applicant and responsible for developing the permit application and all accompanying materials, except that the owner must also sign and certify the permit application. Permit applications must be signed as follows:
(i) For a corporation: By a responsible corporate officer. For the purposes of this subsection, a responsible corporate officer means:
(A) A president, secretary, treasurer, or vice president of the corporation in charge of a principal business function, or any other person who performs similar policy or decision-making functions for the corporation; or
(B) The manager of one or more manufacturing, production or operating facilities employing more than two hundred fifty persons or having gross annual sales or expenditures exceeding twenty-five million dollars (in second-quarter 1980 dollars), if authority to sign documents has been assigned or delegated to the manager in accordance with corporate procedures;
(ii) For a partnership or sole proprietorship: By a general partner or the proprietor, respectively; or
(iii) For a municipality, state, federal, or other public agency: By either a principal executive officer or ranking elected official. For purposes of this subsection, a principal executive officer of a federal agency includes:
(A) The chief executive officer of the agency; or
(B) A senior executive officer having responsibility for the overall operations of a principal geographic unit of the agency.
(b) Reports. All reports required by permits and other information requested by the department must be signed by a person described in (a) of this subsection, or by a duly authorized representative of that person. A person is a duly authorized representative only if:
(i) The authorization is made in writing by a person described in (a) of this subsection;
(ii) The authorization specifies either an individual or a position having responsibility for overall operation of the regulated facility or activity such as the position of plant manager, operator of a well or a well field, superintendent, or position of equivalent responsibility. (A duly authorized representative may thus be either a named individual or any individual occupying a named position); and
(iii) The written authorization is submitted to the department.
(c) Changes to authorization. If an authorization under (b) of this subsection is no longer accurate because a different individual or position has responsibility for the overall operation of the facility, a new authorization satisfying the requirements of (b) of this subsection must be submitted to the department prior to or together with any reports, information, or applications to be signed by an authorized representative.
(13) Certification.
(a) Except as provided in (b) of this subsection, any person signing the documents required under (a) or (b) of subsection (12) of this section must make the following certification:
"I certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations."
(b) When a dangerous waste facility is owned by one person, but is operated by another person, then the permit application must be certified as follows:
(i) The operator must make the certification described under (a) of this subsection; and
(ii) The owner must make the following certification:
"I certify under penalty of law that I own the real property described in, and am aware of the contents of, this permit application, and that I have received a copy of this application. As owner of the real property, I understand that I am responsible for complying with any requirements of chapter 173-303 WAC with which only I am able to comply, and that there are significant penalties for failure to comply with such requirements."
(14) Reporting. The following reports must be provided:
(a) Planned changes. The permittee must give notice to the department as soon as possible of any planned physical alterations or additions to the permitted facility. For a new TSD facility and for a facility being modified, the permittee may not treat, store, or dispose of dangerous waste in the new or modified portion of the facility until:
(i) The permittee has submitted to the department by certified mail or hand delivery a letter signed by the permittee and a registered professional engineer stating that the facility has been constructed or modified in compliance with the permit; and either
(Note:
In certifying construction or modification, the independent qualified registered professional engineer is
responsible only for certifying those portions of the facility which are identified in chapter 173-303 WAC as
specifically requiring certification by an independent registered professional engineer.)
(ii) The department has inspected the modified or newly
constructed facility and finds it is in compliance with the
conditions of the permit; or
(iii) Within fifteen days of the date of submission of the letter, the permittee has not received notice from the department of its intent to inspect, prior inspection is waived and the permittee may commence treatment, storage, or disposal of dangerous waste.
(b) Anticipated noncompliance. The permittee must give advance notice to the department of any planned changes in the permitted facility or activity which may result in noncompliance with permit requirements. For a new facility, the permittee may not treat, store, or dispose of dangerous waste; and for a facility being modified, the permittee may not treat, store, or dispose of dangerous waste in the modified portion of the facility except as provided in WAC 173-303-830(4).
(c) Transfers. The permit is not transferable to any person except after notice to the department. The department may require modification or revocation and reissuance of the permit to change the name of the permittee and incorporate such other requirements as may be necessary.
(d) Monitoring reports. Monitoring results (including monitoring of the facility's impacts as required by the applicable sections of this chapter) must be reported at the intervals specified elsewhere in the permit.
(e) Compliance schedules. Reports of permit compliance or noncompliance or any progress reports on interim and final permit requirements contained in any compliance schedule must be submitted no later than fourteen days following each scheduled date.
(f) Immediate reporting. The permittee must immediately report any noncompliance which may endanger health or the environment. Information must be provided orally to the department as soon as the permittee becomes aware of the circumstances. A written submission must also be provided within five days of the time the permittee becomes aware of the circumstances provided that the department may waive the written submission requirement in favor of a written report, to be submitted within fifteen days. The written submission must contain a description of the noncompliance and its cause; the period of noncompliance, including exact dates and times, and if the noncompliance has not been corrected, the anticipated time it is expected to continue; and steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent reoccurrence of the noncompliance.
Information which must be reported immediately must include:
(i) Release of dangerous waste that may cause an endangerment to drinking water supplies or ground or surface waters;
(ii) Any information of a release or discharge of dangerous waste, fire, or explosion from the permitted facility which could threaten the environment or human health outside the facility;
(iii) The following description of any such occurrence:
(A) Name, address, and telephone number of the owner or operator;
(B) Name, address, and telephone number of the facility;
(C) Date, time, and type of incident;
(D) Name and quantity of material(s) involved;
(E) The extent of injuries, if any;
(F) An assessment of actual or potential hazards to the environment and human health outside the facility, where this is applicable; and
(G) Estimated quantity and disposition of recovered material that resulted from the incident.
(g) Other noncompliance. The permittee must report all instances of noncompliance not reported under (d), (e), and (f) of this subsection, at the time monitoring reports are submitted. The reports shall contain the information listed in (f) of this subsection.
(h) Other information. Where the permittee becomes aware that he failed to submit any relevant facts in a permit application, or submitted incorrect information in a permit application or in any report to the department, he must promptly submit this information.
(i) Other reports. In addition, the following reports are required when appropriate:
(i) Manifest discrepancy report as required by WAC 173-303-370(4);
(ii) Unmanifested waste report as required by WAC 173-303-390(1); and
(iii) Annual report as required by WAC 173-303-390(2).
(15) Confidentiality.
(a) Information submitted by the owner/operator of a facility identified as confidential will be treated in accordance with chapter 42.17 RCW and RCW 43.21A.160.
(b) Proprietary information can be held confidential if:
(i) The processes are unique to the owner/operator's business or the owner/operator's competitive position may be adversely affected if the information is released to the public or to a competitor; and
(ii) The director determines that granting the owner/operator's request is not detrimental to the public interest and is in accord with the policies and purposes of chapter 43.21A RCW.
(c) Claims of confidentiality for permit application information must be substantiated at the time the application is submitted and in the manner prescribed in the application instructions. Claims of confidentiality for the name and address of any permit applicant will be denied.
(d) If a submitter does not provide substantiation, the department will notify the owner/operator by certified mail of the requirement to do so. If the department does not receive the substantiation within ten days after the submitter receives the notice, the department will place the unsubstantiated information in the public file.
(e) The department will determine if the owner/operator's request meets the confidential information criteria.
(16) General permit conditions. Information repository. The director may require the permittee to establish and maintain an information repository at any time, based on the factors set forth in WAC 173-303-281 (5)(b). The information repository will be governed by the provisions in WAC 173-303-281 (5)(c) through (f).
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-810, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-810, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-810, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-810, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-810, filed 6/26/87; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-810, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: RCW 70.95.260 and chapter 70.105 RCW. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-810, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Purpose and applicability. This section describes the types of permit changes that may be made to all permits issued by the director. This section does not apply to permits by rule or interim status permits.
(2) Transfer of permits.
(a) A permit may be transferred by the permittee to a new owner or operator only if the permit has been modified or revoked and reissued (under (b) of this subsection or subsection (3) of this section) to identify the new permittee and incorporate such other requirements as may be necessary under the appropriate act.
(b) Changes in the ownership or operational control of a facility may be made as a Class 1 modification with prior written approval of the director in accordance with subsection (4) of this section. The new owner or operator must submit a revised permit application no later than ninety days prior to the scheduled change. A written agreement containing a specific date for transfer of permit responsibility between the current and new permittees must also be submitted to the director. When a transfer of ownership or operational control occurs, the old owner or operator must comply with the requirements of WAC 173-303-620 (Financial requirements) until the new owner or operator has demonstrated that he or she is complying with the financial requirements. The new owner or operator must demonstrate compliance with the financial requirements within six months of the date of the change of ownership or operational control of the facility. Upon demonstration to the director by the new owner or operator of compliance with the financial requirements, the director will notify the old owner or operator that he or she no longer needs to comply with the financial requirements as of the date of demonstration.
(3) Modification or revocation and reissuance of permits. When the director receives any information (for example, inspects the facility, receives information submitted by the permittee as required in the permit, receives a request for revocation and reissuance, or conducts a review of the permit file), the director may determine whether or not one or more of the causes listed in (a) and (b) of this subsection for modification or revocation and reissuance or both exist. If cause exists, the director may modify or revoke and reissue the permit accordingly, subject to the limitations of (c) of this subsection, and may request an updated application if necessary. When a permit is modified, only the conditions subject to modification are reopened. All other aspects of the existing permit remain in effect for the duration of the unmodified permit. If a permit is revoked and reissued, the entire permit is reopened and subject to revision and the permit is reissued for a new term. During any revocation and reissuance proceeding, the permittee must comply with all conditions of the existing permit until a new final permit is reissued. If cause does not exist under this subsection, the director will not modify or revoke and reissue the permit, except on request of the permittee. If a permit modification is requested by the permittee, the director will approve or deny the request according to the procedures of subsection (4) of this section. Otherwise, a draft permit must be prepared and public review provided in accordance with WAC 173-303-840.
(a) Causes for modification. The following are causes for modification, but not revocation and reissuance, of permits; the following may be causes for revocation and reissuance, as well as modification, when the permittee requests or agrees:
(i) Alterations. There are material and substantial alterations or additions to the permitted facility or activity which occurred after permit issuance which justify the application of permit conditions that are different or absent in the existing permit;
(ii) Information. Permits may be modified during their terms if the director receives information that was not available at the time of permit issuance (other than revised regulations, guidance, or test methods) and which would have justified the application of different permit conditions at the time of issuance;
(iii) New statutory requirements or regulations. The standards or regulations on which the permit was based have been changed by statute, through adoption of new or amended standards or regulations or by judicial decision after the permit was issued.
(iv) Compliance schedules. The director determines good cause exists for modification of a compliance schedule, such as an act of God, strike, flood, or materials shortage, or other events over which the permittee has little or no control and for which there is no reasonably available remedy;
(v) Notwithstanding any other provision in this section, when a permit for a land disposal facility is reviewed by the director under 173-303-806 (11)(d), the director will modify the permit as necessary to assure that the facility continues to comply with the currently applicable requirements in this chapter.
(b) Causes for modification or revocation and reissuance. The following are causes to modify, or alternatively, revoke and reissue a permit:
(i) Cause exists for termination under WAC 173-303-830(5) for final facility permits, and the director determines that modification or revocation and reissuance is appropriate; or
(ii) The director has received notification of a proposed transfer of the permit.
(c) Reserve.
(4) Permit modification at the request of the permittee.
(a) Class 1 modifications.
(i) Except as provided in (a)(ii) of this subsection, the permittee may put into effect Class 1 modifications listed in Appendix I of this section under the following conditions:
(A) The permittee must notify the director concerning the modification by certified mail or other means that establish proof of delivery within seven calendar days after the change is put into effect. This notice must specify the changes being made to permit conditions or supporting documents referenced by the permit and must explain why they are necessary. Along with the notice, the permittee must provide the applicable information required by WAC 173-303-805, 173-303-806, 173-303-807, and 173-303-808.
(B) The permittee must send a notice of the modification to all persons on the facility mailing list, maintained by the director in accordance with WAC 173-303-840 (3)(e)(i)(D), and the appropriate units of state and local government, as specified in WAC 173-303-840 (3)(e)(i)(E). This notification must be made within ninety calendar days after the change is put into effect. For the Class 1 modifications that require prior director approval, the notification must be made within ninety calendar days after the director approves the request.
(C) Any person may request the director to review, and the director may for cause reject, any Class 1 modification. The director must inform the permittee by certified mail that a Class 1 modification has been rejected, explaining the reasons for the rejection. If a Class 1 modification has been rejected, the permittee must comply with the original permit conditions.
(ii) Class 1 permit modifications identified in Appendix I by an asterisk may be made only with the prior written approval of the director.
(iii) For a Class 1 permit modification, the permittee may elect to follow the procedures in (b) of this subsection for Class 2 modifications instead of the Class 1 procedures. The permittee must inform the director of this decision in the notice required in (b)(i) of this subsection.
(b) Class 2 modifications.
(i) For Class 2 modifications, listed in Appendix I of this section, the permittee must submit a modification request to the director that:
(A) Describes the exact change to be made to the permit conditions and supporting documents referenced by the permit;
(B) Identifies that the modification is a Class 2 modification;
(C) Explains why the modification is needed; and
(D) Provides the applicable information required by WAC 173-303-805, 173-303-806, 173-303-807, and 173-303-808.
(ii) The permittee must send a notice of the modification request to all persons on the facility mailing list maintained by the director and to the appropriate units of state and local government as specified in WAC 173-303-840 (3)(e)(i)(E) and must publish this notice in a major local newspaper of general circulation. This notice must be mailed and published within seven days before or after the date of submission of the modification request, and the permittee must provide to the director evidence of the mailing and publication. The notice must include:
(A) Announcement of a sixty-day comment period, in accordance with (b)(v) of this subsection, and the name and address of a departmental contact to whom comments must be sent;
(B) Announcement of the date, time, and place for a public meeting held in accordance with (b)(iv) of this subsection;
(C) Name and telephone number of the permittee's contact person;
(D) Name and telephone number of a departmental contact person;
(E) Location where copies of the modification request and any supporting documents can be viewed and copied; and
(F) The following statement: "The permittee's compliance history during the life of the permit being modified is available from the department of ecology contact person."
(iii) The permittee must place a copy of the permit modification request and supporting documents in a location accessible to the public in the vicinity of the permitted facility.
(iv) The permittee must hold a public meeting no earlier than fifteen days after the publication of the notice required in (b)(ii) of this subsection and no later than fifteen days before the close of the sixty-day comment period. The meeting must be held to the extent practicable in the vicinity of the permitted facility.
(v) The public will be provided sixty days to comment on the modification request. The comment period will begin on the date the permittee publishes the notice in the local newspaper. Comments should be submitted to the department of ecology contact identified in the public notice.
(vi)(A) No later than ninety days after receipt of the notification request, the director must:
(I) Approve the modification request, with or without changes, and modify the permit accordingly;
(II) Deny the request;
(III) Determine that the modification request must follow the procedures in (c) of this subsection for Class 3 modifications for the following reasons:
(AA) There is significant public concern about the proposed modification; or
(BB) The complex nature of the change requires the more extensive procedures of Class 3;
(IV) Approve the request, with or without changes, as a temporary authorization having a term of up to one hundred eighty days; or
(V) Notify the permittee that he or she will decide on the request within the next thirty days.
(B) If the director notifies the permittee of a thirty-day extension for a decision, the director must, no later than one hundred twenty days after receipt of the modification request:
(I) Approve the modification request, with or without changes, and modify the permit accordingly;
(II) Deny the request; or
(III) Determine that the modification request must follow the procedures in (c) of this subsection for Class 3 modifications for the following reasons:
(AA) There is significant public concern about the proposed modification; or
(BB) The complex nature of the change requires the more extensive procedures of Class 3.
(IV) Approve the request, with or without changes, as a temporary authorization having a term of up to one hundred eighty days.
(C) If the director fails to make one of the decisions specified in (b)(vi)(B) of this subsection by the one hundred twentieth day after receipt of the modification request, the permittee is automatically authorized to conduct the activities described in the modification request for up to one hundred eighty days, without formal departmental action. The authorized activities must be conducted as described in the permit modification request and must be in compliance with all appropriate standards of 40 CFR Part 265 (as referenced by WAC 173-303-400). If the director approves, with or without changes, or denies the modification request during the term of the temporary or automatic authorization provided for in (b)(vi)(A), (B), or (C) of this subsection, such action cancels the temporary or automatic authorization.
(D)(I) In the case of an automatic authorization under (b)(vi)(C) of this subsection, or a temporary authorization under (b)(vi)(A)(IV) or (B)(IV) of this subsection, if the director has not made a final approval or denial of the modification request by the date fifty days prior to the end of the temporary or automatic authorization, the permittee must within seven days of that time send a notification to persons on the facility mailing list, and make a reasonable effort to notify other persons who submitted written comments on the modification request, that:
(AA) The permittee has been authorized temporarily to conduct the activities described in the permit modification request; and
(BB) Unless the director acts to give final approval or denial of the request by the end of the authorization period, the permittee will receive authorization to conduct such activities for the life of the permit.
(II) If the owner/operator fails to notify the public by the date specified in (b)(vi)(D)(I) of this subsection, the effective date of the permanent authorization will be deferred until fifty days after the owner/operator notifies the public.
(E) Except as provided in (b)(vi)(G) of this subsection, if the director does not finally approve or deny a modification request before the end of the automatic or temporary authorization period or reclassify the modification as a Class 3, the permittee is authorized to conduct the activities described in the permit modification request for the life of the permit unless modified later under subsection (3) or (4) of this section. The activities authorized under this subsection (b)(vi)(E) must be conducted as described in the permit modification request and must be in compliance with all appropriate standards of 40 CFR Part 265 (as referenced by WAC 173-303-400).
(F) In making a decision to approve or deny a modification request, including a decision to issue a temporary authorization or to reclassify a modification as a Class 3, the director must consider all written comments submitted during the public comment period and must respond in writing to all significant comments in his or her decision.
(G) With the written consent of the permittee, the director may extend indefinitely or for a specified period the time periods for final approval or denial of a modification request or for reclassifying a modification as a Class 3.
(vii) The director may deny or change the terms of a Class 2 permit modification request under (b)(6)(i) through (iii) of this subsection for the following reasons:
(A) The modification request is incomplete;
(B) The requested modification does not comply with the appropriate requirements of WAC 173-303-280 through 173-303-395 and 173-303-600 through 173-303-680 or other applicable requirements; or
(C) The conditions of the modification fail to protect human health and the environment.
(viii) The permittee may perform any construction associated with a Class 2 permit modification request beginning sixty days after the submission of the request unless the director establishes a later date for commencing construction and informs the permittee in writing before day sixty.
(c) Class 3 modifications.
(i) For Class 3 modifications listed in Appendix I of this section, the permittee must submit a modification request to the director that:
(A) Describes the exact change to be made to the permit conditions and supporting documents referenced by the permit;
(B) Identifies that the modification is a Class 3 modification;
(C) Explains why the modification is needed; and
(D) Provides the applicable information required by WAC 173-303-805, 173-303-806, 173-303-807, and 173-303-808.
(ii) The permittee must send a notice of the modification request to all persons on the facility mailing list maintained by the director and to the appropriate units of state and local government as specified in WAC 173-303-840 (3)(e)(i)(D) and must publish this notice in a major local newspaper of general circulation. This notice must be mailed and published within seven days before or after the date of submission of the modification request, and the permittee must provide to the director evidence of the mailing and publication. The notice must include:
(A) Announcement of a sixty-day comment period, and a name and address of an agency contact to whom comments must be sent;
(B) Announcement of the date, time, and place for a public meeting on the modification request, in accordance with (c)(4) of this subsection;
(C) Name and telephone number of the permittee's contact person;
(D) Name and telephone number of a departmental contact person;
(E) Location where copies of the modification request and any supporting documents can be viewed and copied; and
(F) The following statement: "The permittee's compliance history during the life of the permit being modified is available from the department of ecology contact person."
(iii) The permittee must place a copy of the permit modification request and supporting documents in a location accessible to the public in the vicinity of the permitted facility.
(iv) The permittee must hold a public meeting no earlier than fifteen days after the publication of the notice required in (c)(ii) of this subsection and no later than fifteen days before the close of the sixty-day comment period. The meeting must be held to the extent practicable in the vicinity of the permitted facility.
(v) The public will be provided at least sixty days to comment on the modification request. The comment period will begin on the date the permittee publishes the notice in the local newspaper. Comments should be submitted to the department of ecology contact identified in the notice.
(vi) After the conclusion of the sixty-day comment period, the director must grant or deny the permit modification request according to the permit modification procedures of WAC 173-303-840. In addition, the director must consider and respond to all significant written comments received during the sixty-day comment period.
(d) Other modifications.
(i) In the case of modifications not explicitly listed in Appendix I of this section, the permittee may submit a Class 3 modification request to the department, or he or she may request a determination by the director that the modification should be reviewed and approved as a Class 1 or Class 2 modification. If the permittee requests that the modification be classified as a Class 1 or 2 modification, he or she must provide the department with the necessary information to support the requested classification.
(ii) The director will make the determination described in (d)(i) of this subsection as promptly as practicable. In determining the appropriate class for a specific modification, the director will consider the similarity of the modification to other modifications codified in Appendix I and the following criteria:
(A) Class 1 modifications apply to minor changes that keep the permit current with routine changes to the facility or its operation. These changes do not substantially alter the permit conditions or reduce the capacity of the facility to protect human health or the environment. In the case of Class 1 modifications, the director may require prior approval.
(B) Class 2 modifications apply to changes that are necessary to enable a permittee to respond, in a timely manner, to:
(I) Common variations in the types and quantities of the wastes managed under the facility permit;
(II) Technological advancements; and
(III) Changes necessary to comply with new regulations, where these changes can be implemented without substantially changing design specifications or management practices in the permit.
(C) Class 3 modifications substantially alter the facility or its operation.
(e) Temporary authorizations.
(i) Upon request of the permittee, the director may, without prior public notice and comment, grant the permittee a temporary authorization in accordance with this subsection. Temporary authorizations must have a term of not more than one hundred eighty days.
(ii)(A) The permittee may request a temporary authorization for:
(I) Any Class 2 modification meeting the criteria in (e)(iii)(B) of this subsection; and
(II) Any Class 3 modification that meets the criteria in (e)(iii)(B)(I) or (II) of this subsection; or that meets the criteria in (e)(iii)(B)(III) through (V) of this subsection and provides improved management or treatment of a dangerous waste already listed in the facility permit.
(B) The temporary authorization request must include:
(I) A description of the activities to be conducted under the temporary authorization;
(II) An explanation of why the temporary authorization is necessary; and
(III) Sufficient information to ensure compliance with the standards in WAC 173-303-280 through 173-303-395 and 173-303-600 through 173-303-680.
(C) The permittee must send a notice about the temporary authorization request to all persons on the facility mailing list maintained by the director and to appropriate units of state and local governments as specified in WAC 173-303-840 (3)(e)(i)(D). This notification must be made within seven days of submission of the authorization request.
(iii) The director will approve or deny the temporary authorization as quickly as practical. To issue a temporary authorization, the director must find:
(A) The authorized activities are in compliance with the standards of WAC 173-303-280 through 173-303-395 and 173-303-600 through 173-303-680.
(B) The temporary authorization is necessary to achieve one of the following objectives before action is likely to be taken on a modification request:
(I) To facilitate timely implementation of closure or corrective action activities;
(II) To allow treatment or storage in tanks, containers, or in containment buildings in accordance with 40 CFR Part 268;
(III) To prevent disruption of ongoing waste management activities;
(IV) To enable the permittee to respond to sudden changes in the types or quantities of the wastes managed under the facility permit; or
(V) To facilitate other changes to protect human health and the environment.
(iv) A temporary authorization may be reissued for one additional term of up to one hundred eighty days provided that the permittee has requested a Class 2 or 3 permit modification for the activity covered in the temporary authorization, and:
(A) The reissued temporary authorization constitutes the director's decision on a Class 2 permit modification in accordance with (b)(vi)(A)(IV) or (B)(IV) of this subsection; or
(B) The director determines that the reissued temporary authorization involving a Class 3 permit modification request is warranted to allow the authorized activities to continue while the modification procedures of (c) of this subsection are conducted.
(f) Public notice and appeals of permit modification decisions.
(i) The director will notify persons on the facility mailing list and appropriate units of state and local government within ten days of any decision under this section to grant or deny a Class 2 or 3 permit modification request. The director will also notify such persons within ten days after an automatic authorization for a Class 2 modification goes into effect under (b)(vi)(C) or (E) of this subsection.
(ii) The director's decision to grant or deny a Class 2 or 3 permit modification request under this section may be appealed under the permit appeal procedures of WAC 173-303-845.
(iii) An automatic authorization that goes into effect under (b)(vi)(C) or (E) of this subsection may be appealed under the permit appeal procedures of WAC 173-303-845; however, the permittee may continue to conduct the activities pursuant to the automatic authorization until the appeal has been granted pursuant to WAC 173-303-845, notwithstanding the provisions of WAC 173-303-840 (8)(b).
(g) Newly regulated wastes and units.
(i) The permittee is authorized to continue to manage wastes listed or identified as dangerous under WAC 173-303-070, or to continue to manage dangerous waste in units newly regulated as dangerous waste management units, if:
(A) The unit was in existence as a dangerous waste facility with respect to the newly listed or identified waste or newly regulated waste management unit on the effective date of the final rule listing or identifying the waste, or regulating the unit;
(B) The permittee submits a Class 1 modification request on or before the date on which the waste or unit becomes subject to the new requirements;
(C) The permittee is in compliance with the applicable standards of 40 CFR Part 265 (as referenced in WAC 173-303-400) and Part 266 (as referenced in WAC 173-303-510);
(D) The permittee also submits a complete Class 2 or 3 permit modification request within one hundred eighty days of the effective date of the rule listing or identifying the waste, or subjecting the unit to management standards under this chapter; and
(E) In the case of land disposal units, the permittee certifies that each such unit is in compliance with all applicable requirements of 40 CFR Part 265 for ground water monitoring and financial responsibility (as referenced in WAC 173-303-400) on the date twelve months after the effective date of the rule identifying or listing the waste as dangerous, or regulating the unit as a dangerous waste management unit. If the owner or operator fails to certify compliance with all these requirements, he or she will lose authority to operate under this section.
(ii) New wastes or units added to a facility's permit under this subsection do not constitute expansions for the purpose of the twenty-five percent capacity expansion limit for Class 2 modifications.
(h) Military dangerous waste munitions treatment and disposal. The permittee is authorized to continue to accept waste military munitions notwithstanding any permit conditions barring the permittee from accepting off-site wastes, if:
(i) The facility was in existence as a dangerous waste facility, and the facility was already permitted to handle the waste military munitions, on the date when the waste military munitions became subject to dangerous waste regulatory requirements;
(ii) On or before the date when the waste military munitions become subject to dangerous waste regulatory requirements, the permittee submits a Class 1 modification request to remove or amend the permit provision restricting the receipt of off-site waste munitions; and
(iii) The permittee submits a complete Class 2 modification request within one hundred eighty days of the date when the waste military munitions became subject to dangerous waste regulatory requirements.
(i) Permit modification list. The director must maintain a list of all approved permit modifications and must publish a notice once a year in a state-wide newspaper that an updated list is available for review.
APPENDIX I
| Modifications |
Class |
| A. General Permit Provisions | |
| 1. Administrative and informational changes . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 | |
| 2. Correction of typographical errors . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 | |
| 3. Equipment replacement or upgrading with functionally equivalent components (e.g., pipes, valves, pumps, conveyors, controls) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 | |
| 4. Changes in the frequency of or procedures for monitoring, reporting, sampling, or maintenance activities by the permittee: | |
| a. To provide for more frequent monitoring, reporting, sampling, or maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 | |
| b. Other changes . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 | |
| 5. Schedule of compliance: | |
| a. Changes in interim compliance dates, with prior approval of the director . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 | |
| b. Extension of final compliance date . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 | |
| 6. Changes in expiration date of permit to allow earlier
permit termination, with prior approval of the director . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
|
| 7. Changes in ownership or operational control of a facility, provided the procedures of subsection (2)(b) of this section are followed . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 | |
| B. General Facility Standards | |
| 1. Changes to waste sampling or analysis methods: | |
| a. To conform with agency guidance or regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
|
| b. To incorporate changes associated with F039 (multi-source leachate) sampling or analysis methods . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 | |
| c. To incorporate changes associated with underlying dangerous constituents in ignitable or corrosive wastes . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
|
| d. Other changes . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 | |
| 2. Changes to analytical quality assurance/control plan: | |
| a. To conform with agency guidance or regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
|
| b. Other changes . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 | |
| 3. Changes in procedures for maintaining the operating record . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
|
| 4. Changes in frequency or content of inspection schedules . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
|
| 5. Changes in the training plan: | |
| a. That affect the type or decrease the amount of training given to employees . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 | |
| b. Other changes . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 | |
| 6. Contingency plan: | |
| a. Changes in emergency procedures (i.e., spill or release response procedures) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 | |
| b. Replacement with functionally equivalent equipment, upgrade, or relocate emergency equipment listed . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 | |
| c. Removal of equipment from emergency equipment list . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
|
| d. Changes in name, address, or phone number of coordinators or other persons or agencies identified in the plan . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
|
| 7. Construction quality assurance plan: | |
| a. Changes that the CQA officer certifies in the operating record will provide equivalent or better certainty that the unit components meet the design specification . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 | |
| b. Other changes . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 | |
| Note: | When a permit modification (such as introduction of a new unit) requires a change in facility plans or other general facility standards, that change will be reviewed under the same procedures as the permit modification. |
| C. Ground Water Protection |
| 1. Changes to wells: |
| a. Changes in the number, location, depth, or design of upgradient or downgradient wells of permitted ground water monitoring system . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| b. Replacement of an existing well that has been damaged or rendered inoperable, without change to location, design, or depth of the well . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| 2. Changes in ground water sampling or analysis procedures or monitoring schedule, with prior approval of the director . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| 3. Changes in statistical procedure for determining whether a statistically significant change in ground water quality between upgradient and downgradient wells has occurred, with prior approval of the director . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| 4. Changes in point of compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 |
| 5. Changes in indicator parameters, hazardous constituents, or concentration limits (including ACLs): |
| a. As specified in the ground water protection standard . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. As specified in the detection monitoring program . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 6. Changes to a detection monitoring program as required by WAC 173-303-645 (9)(j), unless otherwise specified in this appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 7. Compliance monitoring program: |
| a. Addition of compliance monitoring program as required by WAC 173-303-645 (9)(h)(iv) and (10) . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. Changes to a compliance monitoring program as required by WAC 173-303-645 (10)(k), unless otherwise specified in this appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 8. Corrective action program: |
| a. Addition of a corrective action program as required by WAC 173-303-645 (10)(i)(ii) and (11) . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. Changes to a corrective action program as required by WAC 173-303-645 (11)(h), unless otherwise specified in this appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| D. Closure |
| 1. Changes to the closure plan: |
| a. Changes in estimate of maximum extent of oper- ations or maximum inventory of waste on-site at any time during the active life of the facility, with prior approval of the director . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| b. Changes in the closure schedule for any unit,
changes in the final closure schedule for the facility, or
extension of the closure period, with prior approval of the director . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| c. Changes in the expected year of final closure, where
other permit conditions are not changed, with prior approval of the director . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| d. Changes in procedures for decontamination of
facility equipment or structures, with prior approval of the director . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| e. Changes in approved closure plan resulting from unexpected events occurring during partial or final closure, unless otherwise specified in this appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| f. Extension of the closure period to allow a landfill, surface impoundment, or land treatment unit to receive nondangerous wastes after final receipt of dangerous wastes under WAC 173-303-610 (4)(d) and (e) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 2. Creation of a new landfill unit as part of closure . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 3. Addition of the following new units to be used temporarily for closure activities: |
| a. Surface impoundments . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. Incinerators . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| c. Waste piles that do not comply with WAC 173-303-660 (1)(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| d. Waste piles that comply with WAC 173-303-660 (1)(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| e. Tanks or containers (other than specified below) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| f. Tanks used for neutralization, dewatering, phase separation, or component separation, with prior approval of the director . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| g. Staging piles . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| E. Post-Closure |
| 1. Changes in name, address, or phone number of contact in post-closure plan . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| 2. Extension of post-closure care period . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 3. Reduction in the post-closure care period . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 4. Changes to the expected year of final closure, where other permit conditions are not changed . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| 5. Changes in post-closure plan necessitated by events occurring during the active life of the facility, including partial and final closure . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| F. Containers |
| 1. Modification or addition of container units: |
| a. Resulting in greater than 25% increase in the facility's container storage capacity, except as provided in F (1)(c) and F (4)(a) below . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. Resulting in up to 25% increase in the facility's container storage capacity, except as provided in F (1)(c) and F (4)(a) below . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| c. Or treatment processes necessary to treat wastes that
are restricted from land disposal to meet some or all of the
applicable treatment standards or to treat wastes to satisfy
(in whole or in part) the standard of "use of practically
available technology that yields the greatest environmental
benefit" contained in 40 CFR 268.8 (a)(2)(ii), with prior
approval of the director. This modification may also
involve addition of new waste codes or narrative
descriptions of wastes. It is not applicable to
dioxin-containing wastes (F020, 021, 022, 023, 026, 027, and 028) . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| 2: |
| a. Modification of a container unit without increasing the capacity of the unit . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| b. Addition of a roof to a container unit without alteration of the containment system . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| 3. Storage of different wastes in containers: |
| a. That require additional or different management practices from those authorized in the permit, except as provided in F(4) below . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. That do not require additional or different management practices from those authorized in the permit . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| Note: | See (g) of this subsection for modification procedures to be used for the management of newly listed or identified wastes. |
| 4. Storage or treatment of different wastes in containers: |
| a. That require addition of units or change in treat- ment process or management standards, provided that the wastes are restricted from land disposal and are to be treated to meet some or all of the applicable treatment standards, or that are to be treated to satisfy (in whole or in part) the standard of "use of practically available technology that yields the greatest environmental benefit" contained in 40 CFR 268.8 (a)(2)(ii). This modification is not applicable to dioxin-containing wastes (F020, 021, 022, 023, 026, 027, and 028) . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| b. That do not require the addition of units or a change in the treatment process or management standards, and provided that the units have previously received wastes of the same type (e.g., incinerator scrubber water). This modification is not applicable to dioxin-containing wastes (F020, 021, 022, 023, 026, 027, and 028) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| G. Tanks |
| 1: |
| a. Modification or addition of tank units resulting in
greater than 25% increase in the facility's tank capacity,
except as provided in G (1)(c), G (1)(d), and G (1)(e) below . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. Modification or addition of tank units resulting in up to 25% increase in the facility's tank capacity, except as provided in G (1)(d) and G (1)(e) below . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| c. Addition of a new tank that will operate for more than 90 days using any of the following physical or chemical treatment technologies: Neutralization, dewatering, phase separation, or component separation . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| d. After prior approval of the director, addition of a new
tank that will operate for up to 90 days using any of the
following physical or chemical treatment technologies:
Neutralization, dewatering, phase separation, or component separation . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| e. Modification or addition of tank units or treatment processes necessary to treat wastes that are restricted from land disposal to meet some or all of the applicable treatment standards or to treat wastes to satisfy (in whole or in part) the standard of "use of practically available technology that yields the greatest environmental benefit" contained in 40 CFR 268.8 (a)(2)(ii), with prior approval of the director. This modification may also involve addition of new waste codes. It is not applicable to dioxin-containing wastes (F020, 021,022, 023, 026, 027, and 028) . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| 2. Modification of a tank unit or secondary containment system without increasing the capacity of the unit . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 3. Replacement of a tank with a tank that meets the same design standards and has a capacity within+/- 10% of the replaced tank provided . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| -The capacity difference is no more than 1500 gallons, |
| -The facility's permitted tank capacity is not increased, and |
| -The replacement tank meets the same conditions in the permit. |
| 4. Modification of a tank management practice . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 5. Management of different wastes in tanks: |
| a. That require additional or different management practices, tank design, different fire protection specifications, or significantly different tank treatment process from that authorized in the permit, except as provided in G (5)(c) below . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. That do not require additional or different management practices, tank design, different fire protection specifications, or significantly different tank treatment process than authorized in the permit, except as provided in G (5)(d) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| c. That require addition of units or change in treatment processes or management standards, provided that the wastes are restricted from land disposal and are to be treated to meet some or all of the applicable treatment standards or that are to be treated to satisfy (in whole or in part) the standard of "use of practically available technology that yields the greatest environmental benefit" contained in 40 CFR 268.8 (a)(2)(ii). The modification is not applicable to dioxin-containing wastes (F020, 021, 022, 023, 026, 027, and 028) . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| (d) That do not require the addition of units or a change in the treatment process or management standards, and provided that the units have previously received waste of the same type (e.g., incinerator scrubber water). This modification is not applicable to dioxin-containing wastes (F020, 021, 022, 023, 026, 027, and 028) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| Note: | See (g) of this subsection for modification procedures to be used for the management of newly listed or identified wastes. |
| H. Surface Impoundments |
| 1. Modification or addition of surface impoundment units that result in increasing the facility's surface impoundment storage or treatment capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 2. Replacement of a surface impoundment unit . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 3. Modification of a surface impoundment unit without increasing the facility's surface impoundment storage or treatment capacity and without modifying the unit's liner, leak detection system, or leachate collection system . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 4. Modification of a surface impoundment management practice . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 5. Treatment, storage, or disposal of different wastes in surface impoundments: |
| a. That require additional or different management practices or different design of the liner or leak detection system than authorized in the permit . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. That do not require additional or different management practices or different design of the liner or leak detection system than authorized in the permit . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| c. That are wastes restricted from land disposal that meet the applicable treatment standards or that are treated to satisfy the standard of "use of practically available technology that yields the greatest environmental benefit" contained in 40 CFR 268.8 (a)(2)(ii), and provided that the unit meets the minimum technological requirements stated in 40 CFR 268.5 (h)(2). This modification is not applicable to dioxin-containing wastes (F020, 021, 022, 023, 026, 027, and 028) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| d. That are residues from wastewater treatment or incineration, provided that disposal occurs in a unit that meets the minimum technological requirements stated in 40 CFR 268.5 (h)(2), and provided further that the surface impoundment has previously received wastes of the same type (for example, incinerator scrubber water). This modification is not applicable to dioxin-containing wastes (F020, 021, 022, 023, 026, 027, and 028) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| 6. Modifications of unconstructed units to comply with WAC 173-303-650 (2)(j), (10), (11), and (4)(d) . . . . . . . . . . . . *1 |
| 7. Changes in response action plan: |
| a. Increase in action leakage rate . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. Change in a specific response reducing its frequency or effectiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| c. Other changes . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| Note: | See (g) of this subsection for modification procedures to be used for the management of newly listed or identified wastes. |
| I. Enclosed Waste Piles. For all waste piles except those complying with WAC 173-303-660 (1)(c), modifications are treated the same as for a landfill. The following modifications are applicable only to waste piles complying with WAC 173-303-660 (1)(c). |
| 1. Modification or addition of waste pile units: |
| a. Resulting in greater than 25% increase in the facility's waste pile storage or treatment capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. Resulting in up to 25% increase in the facility's waste pile storage or treatment capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 2. Modification of waste pile unit without increasing the capacity of the unit . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 3. Replacement of a waste pile unit with another waste pile unit of the same design and capacity and meeting all waste pile conditions in the permit . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| 4. Modification of a waste pile management practice . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 5. Storage or treatment of different wastes in waste piles: |
| a. That require additional or different management practices or different design of the unit . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. That do not require additional or different management practices or different design of the unit . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 6. Conversion of an enclosed waste pile to a containment building unit . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| Note: | See (g) of this subsection for modification procedures to be used for the management of newly listed or identified wastes. |
| J. Landfills and Unenclosed Waste Piles |
| 1. Modification or addition of landfill units that result in increasing the facility's disposal capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 2. Replacement of a landfill . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 3. Addition or modification of a liner, leachate collection system, leachate detection system, run-off control, or final cover system . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 4. Modification of a landfill unit without changing a liner, leachate collection system, leachate detection system, run-off control, or final cover system . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 5. Modification of a landfill management practice . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 6. Landfill different wastes: |
| a. That require additional or different management practices, different design of the liner, leachate collection system, or leachate detection system . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. That do not require additional or different management practices, different design of the liner, leachate collection system, or leachate detection system . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| c. That are wastes restricted from land disposal that meet the applicable treatment standards or that are treated to satisfy the standard of "use of practically available technology that yields the greatest environmental benefit" contained in 40 CFR 268.8 (a)(2)(ii), and provided that the landfill unit meets the minimum technological requirements stated in 40 CFR 268.5 (h)(2). This modification is not applicable to dioxin-containing wastes (F020, 021, 022, 023, 026, 027, and 028) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| d. That are residues from wastewater treatment or incineration, provided that disposal occurs in a landfill unit that meets the minimum technological requirements stated in 40 CFR 268.5 (h)(2), and provided further that the landfill has previously received wastes of the same type (for example, incinerator ash). This modification is not applicable to dioxin-containing wastes (F020, 021, 022, 023, 026, 027, and 028) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| 7. Modifications of unconstructed units to comply with WAC 173-303-660 (2)(j), (11), (12), (5)(c), 173-303-665 (2)(h), (8), (4)(c), and (9) . . . . . . . . . . . . *1 |
| 8. Changes in response action plan: |
| a. Increase in action leakage rate . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. Change in a specific response reducing its frequency or effectiveness. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| c. Other changes . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| Note: | See (g) of this subsection for modification procedures to be used for the management of newly listed or identified wastes. |
| K. Land Treatment |
| 1. Lateral expansion of or other modification of a land treatment unit to increase areal extent . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 2. Modification of run-on control system . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 3. Modify run-off control system . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 4. Other modifications of land treatment unit component specifications or standards required in permit . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 5. Management of different wastes in land treatment units: |
| a. That require a change in permit operating conditions or unit design specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. That do not require a change in permit operating conditions or unit design specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| Note: | See (g) of this subsection for modification procedures to be used for the management of newly listed or identified wastes. |
| 6. Modification of a land treatment unit management practice to: |
| a. Increase rate or change method of waste application . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. Decrease rate of waste application . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 7. Modification of a land treatment unit management practice to change measures of pH or moisture content, or to enhance microbial or chemical reactions . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 8. Modification of a land treatment unit management practice to grow food chain crops, to add to or replace existing permitted crops with different food chain crops, or to modify operating plans for distribution of animal feeds resulting from such crops . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 9. Modification of operating practice due to detection of releases from the land treatment unit pursuant to WAC 173-303-655 (6)(g)(ii) . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 10. Changes in the unsaturated zone monitoring system, resulting in a change to the location, depth, number of sampling points, or replace unsaturated zone monitoring devices or components of devices with devices or components that have specifications different from permit requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 11. Changes in the unsaturated zone monitoring sys- tem that do not result in a change to the location, depth, number of sampling points, or that replace unsaturated zone monitoring devices or components of devices with devices or components having specifications different from permit requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 12. Changes in background values for hazardous constituents in soil and soil-pore liquid . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 13. Changes in sampling, analysis, or statistical procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 14. Changes in land treatment demonstration program prior to or during the demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 15. Changes in any condition specified in the permit for a land treatment unit to reflect results of the land treatment demonstration, provided performance standards are met, and the director's prior approval has been received . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 16. Changes to allow a second land treatment demonstration to be conducted when the results of the first demonstration have not shown the conditions under which the wastes can be treated completely, provided the conditions for the second demonstration are substantially the same as the conditions for the first demonstration and have received the prior approval of the director . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 17. Changes to allow a second land treatment demonstration to be conducted when the results of the first demonstration have not shown the conditions under which the wastes can be treated completely, where the conditions for the second demonstration are not substantially the same as the conditions for the first demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 18. Changes in vegetative cover requirements for closure . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| L. Incinerators, Boilers, and Industrial Furnaces |
| 1. Changes to increase by more than 25% any of the following limits authorized in the permit: A thermal feed rate limit, a feedstream feed rate limit, a chlorine/chloride feed rate limit, a metal feed rate limit, or an ash feed rate limit. The director will require a new trial burn to substantiate compliance with the regulatory performance standards unless this demonstration can be made through other means . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 2. Changes to increase by up to 25% any of the following limits authorized in the permit: A thermal feed rate limit, a feedstream feed rate limit, a chlorine/chloride feed rate limit, a metal feed rate limit, or an ash feed rate limit. The director will require a new trial burn to substantiate compliance with the regulatory performance standards unless this demonstration can be made through other means . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 3. Modification of an incinerator, boiler, or industrial furnace unit by changing the internal size or geometry of the primary or secondary combustion units, by adding a primary or secondary combustion unit, by substantially changing the design of any component used to remove HC1/C12, metals, or particulate from the combustion gases, or by changing other features of the incinerator, boiler, or industrial furnace that could affect its capability to meet the regulatory performance standards. The director will require a new trial burn to substantiate compliance with the regulatory performance standards unless this demonstration can be made through other means . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 4. Modification of an incinerator, boiler, or industrial furnace unit in a manner that would not likely affect the capability of the unit to meet the regulatory performance standards but which would change the operating conditions or monitoring requirements specified in the permit. The director may require a new trial burn to demonstrate compliance with the regulatory performance standards . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 5. Operating requirements: |
| a. Modification of the limits specified in the permit for minimum or maximum combustion gas temperature, minimum combustion gas residence time, oxygen concentration in the secondary combustion chamber flue gas carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon concentration, maximum temperature at the inlet to the particulate matter emission control system, or operating parameters for the air pollution control system. The director will require a new trial burn to substantiate compliance with the regulatory performance standards unless this demonstration can be made through other means . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. Modification of any stack gas emission limits specified in the permit, or modification of any conditions in the permit concerning emergency shutdown or automatic waste feed cutoff procedures or controls . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| c. Modification of any other operating condition or any
inspection or recordkeeping requirement specified in the permit . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 6. Burning different wastes: |
| a. If the waste contains a POHC that is more difficult to burn than authorized by the permit or if burning of the waste requires compliance with different regulatory performance standards than specified in the permit. The director will require a new trial burn to substantiate compliance with the regulatory performance standards unless this demonstration can be made through other means . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. If the waste does not contain a POHC that is more difficult to burn than authorized by the permit and if burning of the waste does not require compliance with different regulatory performance standards than specified in the permit . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| Note: | See (g) of this subsection for modification procedures to be used for the management of newly listed or identified wastes. |
| 7. Shakedown and trial burn: |
| a. Modification of the trial burn plan or any of the permit conditions applicable during the shakedown period for determining operational readiness after construction, the trial burn period, or the period immediately following the trial burn . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| b. Authorization of up to an additional 720 hours of waste burning during the shakedown period for determining operational readiness after construction, with the prior approval of the director . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| c. Changes in the operating requirements set in the permit for conducting a trial burn, provided the change is minor and has received the prior approval of the director . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| d. Changes in the ranges of the operating requirements set in the permit to reflect the results of the trial burn, provided the change is minor and has received the prior approval of the director . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 |
| 8. Substitution of an alternate type of nondangerous fuel that is not specified in the permit . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| M. Containment Buildings |
| 1. Modification or addition of containment building units: |
| a. Resulting in greater than 25% increase in the facility's containment building storage or treatment capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. Resulting in up to 25% increase in the facility's containment building storage or treatment capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 2. Modification of a containment building unit or secondary containment system without increasing the capacity of the unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 3. Replacement of a containment building with a containment building that meets the same design standards provided: |
| a. The unit capacity is not increased. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| b. The replacement containment building meets the same conditions in the permit. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 |
| 4. Modification of a containment building management practice. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 5. Storage or treatment of different wastes in containment buildings: |
| a. That require additional or different management practices. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| b. That do not require additional or different management practices. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| N. Corrective Action |
| 1. Approval of a corrective action management unit pursuant to WAC 173-303-646 (4), (5), and (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| 2. Approval of a temporary unit or time extension for a temporary unit pursuant to WAC 173-303-646(7) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 3. Approval of a staging pile or staging pile operating term extension . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
| 4. Modification to incorporate a corrective action order issued pursuant to MTCA . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
| (( |
1Class 1 modifications requiring prior Agency approval |
(a) Noncompliance by the permittee with any condition of the permit;
(b) The permittee's failure in the application or during the permit issuance process to disclose fully all relevant facts, or the permittee's misrepresentation of any relevant facts at any time; or
(c) A determination that the permitted activity endangers public health or the environment and can only be regulated to acceptable levels by permit modification or termination.
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-830, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-830, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-830, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-830, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-830, filed 1/4/89; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-830, filed 6/26/87; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-830, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: RCW 70.95.260 and chapter 70.105 RCW. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-830, filed 2/10/82.]
(1) Application and completeness.
(a) The department will not begin the processing of a permit until the applicant has fully complied with the application requirements for the permit. Permit applications must comply with the signature and certification requirements of WAC 173-303-810 (12) and (13).
(b) The department will review for completeness each application for a permit under this chapter. Each application for a permit should be reviewed for completeness within sixty days of its receipt. Upon completing the review, the department will notify the applicant in writing whether or not the application is complete. If the application is incomplete, the department will list the information necessary to make the application complete, and will specify in the notice of deficiency a date for submitting the necessary information. After the application is completed, the department may request additional information from an applicant but only when necessary to clarify, modify, or supplement previously submitted material. Requests for such additional information will not render an application incomplete.
(c) If an applicant fails or refuses to correct deficiencies in the application, the permit may be denied and appropriate enforcement actions may be taken under chapter 70.105 RCW.
(d) If the department decides that a site visit is necessary for any reason in conjunction with the processing of an application, then the department will notify the applicant and a date will be scheduled.
(e) The effective date of an application is the date on which the department notifies the applicant that the application is complete as provided in (b) of this subsection.
(2) Draft permits.
(a) A draft permit is a document prepared by the department indicating the tentative decision to issue, deny, modify, revoke and reissue, or terminate a permit.
(b) When an application is complete, the department will tentatively decide whether to prepare a draft permit, or to deny the application.
(c) If the department tentatively decides to deny the permit application, then the department will issue a notice of intent to deny. A notice of intent to deny the permit application is a type of draft permit which follows the same procedures as any draft permit prepared under this subsection. If the department's final decision is that the tentative decision to deny was incorrect, then the department will withdraw the notice of intent to deny and proceed to prepare a draft permit under this subsection.
(d) If the department decides to prepare a draft permit, it will contain the following information:
(i) All conditions applicable to permits under WAC 173-303-810 and 173-303-815 including compliance and monitoring requirements;
(ii) Applicable conditions under WAC 173-303-830 and 173-303-815; and
(iii) All applicable standards for storage, treatment and disposal, and other permit conditions.
(e) All draft permits must be accompanied by a fact sheet that is supported by administrative record and made available for public comment.
(f) Fact sheet; statement of basis.
(i) A fact sheet will be prepared for every draft permit for a major dangerous waste management facility, and for every draft permit which the department finds is the subject of wide-spread public interest or raises major issues.
(ii) The fact sheet will briefly set forth the principal facts and the significant factual, legal, methodological, and policy questions considered in preparing the draft permit. The department will send this fact sheet to the applicant and, on request, to any other person.
(iii) The fact sheet will include, when applicable:
(A) A brief description of the type of facility or activity which is the subject of the draft permit;
(B) The type and quantity of wastes, fluids, or pollutants which are proposed to be or are being treated, stored, disposed, injected, emitted, or discharged;
(C) A brief summary of the basis for the draft permit conditions including supporting references;
(D) Reasons why any requested variances or alternatives to required standards do or do not appear justified; and
(E) A description of the procedures for reaching a final decision on the draft permit including:
(I) The beginning and ending dates of the comment period and the address where comments will be received;
(II) Procedures for requesting a hearing and the nature of that hearing;
(III) Any other procedures by which the public may participate in the final decision; and
(IV) Name and telephone number of a person to contact for additional information.
(iv) The department will prepare a statement of basis for every draft permit for which a fact sheet is not prepared. The statement of basis will briefly describe the derivation of the conditions of the draft permit and the reasons for them or, in the case of notices of intent to deny or terminate, reasons supporting the tentative decision. The statement of basis will be sent to the applicant and, on request, to any other person.
(3) Public notice and involvement.
(a) The department will give public notice that the following actions have occurred:
(i) A draft permit has been prepared or an application is tentatively being denied;
(ii) A hearing on a permit has been scheduled; or
(iii) An appeal on a permit has been filed with the pollution control hearings board.
| Note: | Additional public notice requirements for permitting at the preapplication and application stages are at WAC 173-303-281 (3) through (5). |
(c) The public notice may describe more than one permit or permit action.
(d) Public notice of the preparation of a draft permit, including a notice of intent to deny a permit application will allow at least forty-five days for public comment. Public notice of a public hearing will be given at least thirty days before the hearing.
(e) Public notice of activities described in this subsection will be given by the following methods:
(i) By mailing a copy of a notice to the following persons (any person otherwise entitled to receive notice under this paragraph may waive his or her rights to receive notice for any classes and categories of permits):
(A) The applicant;
(B) Any other agency which the department knows has issued or is required to issue a permit for the same activity or facility;
(C) Federal and state agencies with jurisdiction over fish, shellfish, and wildlife resources and over coastal zone management plans, the advisory council on historic preservation, state historic preservation officers, including any affected states (Indian tribes) (for purposes of this paragraph and in the context of the Underground Injection Control Program only, the term state includes Indian tribes treated as states);
(D) Persons on the mailing list developed by:
(I) Including those who request in writing to be on the list;
(II) Soliciting persons for an area list from participants in past permit proceedings in that area; and
(III) Notifying the public of the opportunity to be put on the mailing list through periodic publications in the public press and in appropriate publications of the department;
(E) Any unit of local government having jurisdiction over the area where the facility is proposed to be located, and each state agency having any authority under state law with respect to construction or operation of such facility;
(ii) For major permits, by publication of a notice in a daily or weekly newspaper within the area affected by the facility;
(iii) For all permits, by publication of notice in a daily or weekly major local newspaper of general circulation, and local radio broadcast of the public notice; and
(iv) By any other method reasonably calculated to give notice of the action in question to the persons potentially affected by it, including press releases or any other forum or medium to elicit public participation.
(4) Contents of the public notice.
(a) All public notices issued will contain the following minimum information:
(i) Name and address of the office processing the permit action for which notice is being given;
(ii) Name and address of the permittee or permit applicant and, if different, of the facility or activity regulated by the permit;
(iii) A brief description of the business conducted at the facility or activity described in the permit application or the draft permit;
(iv) Name, address, and telephone number of a person from whom interested persons may obtain further information, including copies of the draft permit, fact sheet or statement of basis, and the application;
(v) A brief description of the comment procedures and the time and place of any hearing that will be held, including a statement of procedures to request a hearing (unless a hearing has already been scheduled) and other procedures by which the public may participate in the final permit decision;
(vi) And any additional information considered necessary or proper.
(b) In addition to the general public notice described in (a) of this subsection, public notice of a hearing under subsection (5) of this section will contain the following information:
(i) Date, time, and place of the hearing;
(ii) Reference to the date of the previous public notice relating to the permit; and
(iii) A brief description of the nature and purpose of the hearing including the applicable rules and procedures.
(c) In addition to the general public notice all persons identified in WAC 173-303-840 (3)(e)(i)(A), (B), and (C) will be mailed a copy of the fact sheet, the permit application (if any), and the draft permit (if any).
(d) Public comments and request for public hearings. During the public comment period any interested person may submit written comments on the draft permit and may request a public hearing, if no hearing has already been scheduled. A request for a public hearing must be in writing and must state the nature of the issues proposed to be raised in the hearing. All comments will be considered in making the final decision and will be answered according to WAC 173-303-840(9).
(5) Public hearings.
(a) The department will hold a public hearing whenever, on the basis of requests, there is a significant degree of public interest in a draft permit or there is written notice of opposition and the director receives a request for a hearing during the forty-five day comment period. The department also may hold a public hearing at its discretion, whenever, for instance, such a hearing might clarify one or more issues involved in the permit decision. Public notice of the hearing will be given as specified in WAC 173-303-840(3). Whenever possible, the department will schedule a public hearing under this subsection at a location convenient to the nearest population center to the proposed facility.
(b) Any person may submit oral or written statements and data concerning the draft permit. Reasonable limits may be set upon the time allowed for oral statements, and the submission of statements in writing may be required. The public comment period under WAC 173-303-840(3) will automatically be extended to the close of any public hearing under this subsection. The hearing officer may also extend the comment period by so stating at the hearing.
(c) A tape recording or written transcript of the hearing will be made available to the public.
(6) Obligation to raise issues and provide information during the public comment period.
(a) All persons, including applicants, who believe any condition of a draft permit is inappropriate, or that the department's tentative decision to deny an application, terminate a permit, or prepare a draft permit is inappropriate, must raise all reasonably ascertainable issues and submit all reasonably available arguments and factual grounds supporting their position, including all supporting material, by the close of the public comment period (including any public hearing) under WAC 173-303-840(3).
(b) All supporting materials will be included in full and may not be incorporated by reference, unless they are already part of the administrative record in the same proceeding, or consist of state or federal statutes and regulations, documents of general applicability, or other generally available reference materials. Commenters must make supporting material not already included in the administrative record available to the department. A comment period longer than forty-five days will often be necessary in complicated proceedings to give commenters a reasonable opportunity to comply with the requirements of this subsection. Commenters may request a longer comment period.
(7) Reopening of the public comment period. If any data, information, or arguments submitted during the public comment period, including information or arguments required under subsection (6) of this section, appear to raise substantial new questions concerning a permit, the department may take one or more of the following actions:
(a) Prepare a new draft permit, appropriately modified;
(b) Prepare a revised statement of basis, a fact sheet or revised fact sheet, and reopen the comment period; or
(c) Reopen or extend the comment period to give interested persons an opportunity to comment on the information or arguments submitted.
Comments filed during the reopened comment period will be limited to the substantial new questions that caused its reopening. The public notice will define the scope of the reopening.
(8) Issuance and effective date of permit.
(a) After the close of the public comment period under WAC 173-303-840(5) on a draft permit, the department will issue a final permit decision (or a decision to deny a permit for the active life of a RCRA dangerous waste facility or unit under WAC 173-303-840). The department will notify the applicant and each person who has submitted written comments or requested notice of the final permit decision. For purposes of this section, a final permit means a final decision to issue, deny, modify, revoke and reissue, or terminate a permit.
(b) A final permit decision will become effective thirty days after the service of notice of the decision, unless:
(i) A later effective date is specified in the decision; or
(ii) No comments requested a change in the draft permit, in which case the permit will become effective immediately upon issuance; or
(iii) Review is requested under chapter 43.21B RCW or an evidentiary hearing is requested under RCW 43.21B.160.
(9) Response to comments. At the time that any final permit is issued, the department will issue a response to comments. This response will specify which provisions, if any, of the draft permit have been changed in the final permit decision and the reason for the change, and briefly describe and respond to all significant comments of the draft permit raised during the public comment period or during any hearing. The response to comments shall be available to the public.
(10) Decision-making procedure for modification, revocation and reissuance, or termination of permits.
(a) Permits may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated either at the request of any interested person (including the permittee) or upon the department's initiative. However, permits may only be modified or revoked and reissued for the reasons specified in WAC 173-303-830(3), or terminated for the reasons specified in WAC 173-303-805 or 173-303-830(5). All requests must be in writing and must contain facts or reasons supporting the request.
(b) If the department tentatively decides to modify or revoke and reissue a permit under WAC 173-303-830 (3) or (4)(c), it will prepare the draft permit under WAC 173-303-840(2), incorporating the proposed changes. The department may request additional information and, in the case of a modified permit, may require the submission of an updated permit application. In the case of revoked and reissued permits, the department will require the submission of a new application.
(c) In a permit modification under this subsection, only those conditions to be modified will be reopened when a new draft permit is prepared. All other aspects of the existing permit will remain in effect for the duration of the unmodified permit. When a permit is revoked and reissued under this section, the entire permit is reopened just as if the permit had expired and was being reissued. During any revocation and reissuance proceeding the permittee must comply with all conditions of the existing permit until a new final permit is reissued.
(d) "Class 1 and class 2 modifications" as defined in WAC 173-303-830 (4)(a) and (b) are not subject to the requirements of this subsection.
(e) If the department tentatively decides to terminate an interim status permit under WAC 173-303-805 or a final permit under WAC 173-303-806, it will issue a notice of intent to terminate. A notice of intent to terminate is a type of draft permit which follows the same procedures as any draft permit prepared under WAC 173-303-840(2).
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-840, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-840, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-840, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 84-14-031 (Order DE 84-22), § 173-303-840, filed 6/27/84. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW and RCW 70.95.260. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-840, filed 2/10/82.]
The following Hazard Codes are used to indicate the basis EPA used for listing the classes or types of wastes listed in this section:
| Ignitable Waste | (I) |
| Corrosive Waste | (C) |
| Reactive Waste | (R) |
| Toxicity Characteristic Waste | (E) |
| Acute Hazardous Waste | (H) |
| Toxic Waste | (T) |
DANGEROUS WASTE SOURCES LIST
Dangerous Waste No. |
Sources |
| Nonspecific Sources | |
| Generic: | |
| F001 | The following spent halogenated solvents used in degreasing: Tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, methylene chloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, and chlorinated fluorocarbons; all spent solvent mixtures/blends used in degreasing containing, before use, a total of ten percent or more (by volume) of one or more of the above halogenated solvents or those solvents listed in F002, F004, and F005; and still bottoms from the recovery of these spent solvents and spent solvent mixtures. (T) |
| F002 | The following spent halogenated solvents: Tetrachloroethylene, methylene chloride, trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, chlorobenzene, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, ortho-dichlorobenzene, trichlorofluoromethane and 1,1,2 trichloroethane; all spent solvent mixtures/blends containing, before use, a total of ten percent or more (by volume) of one or more of the above halogenated solvents or those listed in F001, F004, or F005; and still bottoms from the recovery of these spent solvents and spent solvent mixtures. (T) |
| F003 | The following spent non-halogenated solvents: Xylene, acetone, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzene, ethyl ether, methyl isobutyl ketone, n-butyl alcohol, cyclohexanone, and methanol; all spent solvent mixtures/blends containing, before use, only the above spent non-halogenated solvents; and all spent solvent mixtures/blends containing, before use, one or more of the above non-halogenated solvents, and, a total of ten percent or more (by volume) of one or more of those solvents listed in F001, F002, F004, and F005; and still bottoms from the recovery of these spent solvents and spent solvent mixtures. (I) |
| F004 | The following spent non-halogenated solvents: Cresols and cresylic acid, nitrobenzene; all spent solvent mixtures/blends containing, before use, a total of ten percent or more (by volume) of one or more of the above nonhalogenated solvents or those solvents listed in F001, F002, and F005; and still bottoms from the recovery of these spent solvents and spent solvent mixtures. (T) |
| F005 | The following spent non-halogenated solvents: Toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, carbon disulfide, isobutanol, pyridine, benzene, 2-ethoxyethanol, and 2-nitropropane; all spent solvent mixtures/blends containing, before use, a total of ten percent or more (by volume) of one or more of the above non-halogenated solvents or those solvents listed in F001, F002, or F004; and still bottoms from the recovery of these spent solvents and spent solvent mixtures. (I,T) |
| F006 | Wastewater treatment sludges from electroplating operations except from the following processes: (1) Sulfuric acid anodizing of aluminum; (2) tin plating on carbon steel; (3) zinc plating (segregated basis) on carbon steel; (4) aluminum or zinc-aluminum plating on carbon steel; (5) cleaning/stripping associated with tin, zinc, and aluminum plating on carbon steel; and (6) chemical etching and milling of aluminum. (T) |
| F007 | Spent cyanide plating bath solutions from electroplating operations. (R,T) |
| F008 | Plating bath residues from the bottom of plating baths from electroplating operations where cyanides are used in the process. (R,T) |
| F009 | Spent stripping and cleaning bath solutions from electroplating operations where cyanides are used in the process. (R,T) |
| F010 | Quenching bath residues from oil baths from metal heat treating operations where cyanides are used in the process. (R,T) |
| F011 | Spent cyanide solutions from salt bath pot cleaning from metal heat treating operations. (R,T) |
| F012 | Quenching wastewater treatment sludges from metal heat-treating operations where cyanides are used in the process. (T) |
| F019 | Wastewater treatment sludges from the chemical conversion coating of aluminum except from zirconium phosphating in aluminum can washing when such phosphating is an exclusive conversion coating process. (T) |
| F020 | Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from hydrogen chloride purification) from the production or manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate, or component in a formulating process) of tri- or tetrachlorophenol, or of intermediates used to produce their pesticide derivatives. (This listing does not include wastes from the production of hexachlorophene from highly purified 2,4,5-trichlorophenol.) (See footnote 1, below.) (H) |
| F021 | Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from hydrogen chloride purification) from the production or manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate, or component in a formulating process) of pentachlorophenol, or of intermediates used to produce its derivatives. (See footnote 1, below.) (H) |
| F022 | Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from hydrogen chloride purification) from the manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate, or component in a formulating process) of tetra-, penta-, or hexachlorobenzenes under alkaline conditions. (See footnote 1, below.) (H) |
| F023 | Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from hydrogen chloride purification) from the production of materials on equipment previously used for the production or manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate, or component in a formulating process) of tri-and tetrachlorophenols. (See footnote 1, below.) (This listing does not include wastes from equipment used only for the production or use of hexachlorophene from highly purified 2,4,5-trichlorophenol.) (H) |
| F024 | Process wastes, including but not limited to, distillation residues, heavy ends, tars, and reactor clean-out wastes from the production of certain chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons by free radical catalyzed processes. These chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons are those having carbon chain lengths ranging from one to and including five, with varying amounts and positions of chlorine substitution. (This listing does not include wastewaters, wastewater treatment sludges, spent catalysts, and wastes listed in this section.) (T) |
| F025 | Condensed light ends, spent filters and filter aids, and spent desiccant wastes from the production of certain chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, by free radical catalyzed processes. These chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons are those having carbon chain lengths ranging from one to and including five, with varying amounts and positions of chlorine substitution. (T) |
| F026 | Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from hydrogen chloride purification) from the production of materials on equipment previously used for the manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate, or component in a formulating process) of tetra-, penta-, or hexachlorobenzene under alkaline conditions. (See footnote 1, below.) (H) |
| F027 | Discarded unused formulations containing tri-, tetra-, or pentachlorophenol or discarded unused formulations containing compounds derived from these chlorophenols. (See footnote 1, below.) (This listing does not include formulations containing hexachlorophene synthesized from prepurified 2,4,5-trichlorophenol as the sole component.) (H) |
| F028 | Residues resulting from the incineration or thermal treatment of soil contaminated with nonspecific sources wastes F020, F021, F022, F023, F026 and F027. (T) |
| F032 | Wastewaters (except those that have not come into contact with process contaminants), process residuals, preservative drippage, and spent formulations from wood preserving processes generated at plants that currently use or have previously used chlorophenolic formulations (except potentially cross-contaminated wastes that have had the F032 waste code deleted in accordance with WAC 173-303-083 or potentially cross-contaminated wastes that are otherwise currently regulated as dangerous wastes (i.e., F034 or F035), and where the generator does not resume or initiate use of chlorophenolic formulations). This listing does not include K001 bottom sediment sludge from the treatment of wastewater from wood preserving processes that use creosote and/or pentachlorophenol. (T) |
| F034 | Wastewaters (except those that have not come into contact with process contaminants), process residuals, preservative drippage, and spent formulations from wood preserving processes generated at plants that use creosote formulations. This listing does not include K001 bottom sediment sludge from the treatment of wastewater from wood preserving processes that use creosote and/or pentachlorophenol. (T) |
| F035 | Wastewaters (except those that have not come into contact with process contaminants), process residuals, preservative drippage, and spent formulations from wood preserving processes generated at plants that use inorganic preservatives containing arsenic or chromium. This listing does not include K001 bottom sediment sludge from the treatment of wastewater from wood preserving processes that use creosote and/or pentachlorophenol. (T) |
| F037 | Petroleum refinery primary oil/water/solids separation sludge-Any sludge generated from the gravitational separation of oil/water/solids during the storage or treatment of process wastewaters and oily cooling wastewaters from petroleum refineries. Such sludges include, but are not limited to, those generated in: |
| Oil/water/solids separators; tanks and impoundments; ditches and other conveyances; sumps; and stormwater units receiving dry weather flow. Sludge generated in stormwater units that do not receive dry weather flow, sludges generated from noncontact once-through cooling waters segregated for treatment from other process or oily cooling waters, sludges generated in aggressive biological treatment units as defined in footnote 2, below (including sludges generated in one or more additional units after wastewaters have been treated in aggressive biological treatment units) and K051 wastes are not included in this listing. This listing does include residuals generated from processing or recycling oil-bearing hazardous secondary materials excluded under WAC 173-303-071 (3)(cc)(i), if those residuals are to be disposed of. (See footnote 2, below.) (T) | |
| F038 | Petroleum refinery secondary (emulsified) oil/water/solids separation sludge-Any sludge and/or float generated from the physical and/or chemical separation of oil/water/solids in process wastewaters and oily cooling wastewaters from petroleum refineries. Such wastes include, but are not limited to, all sludges and floats generated in: Induced air flotation (IAF) units, tanks and impoundments, and all sludges generated in DAF units. Sludges generated in stormwater units that do not receive dry weather flow, sludges generated from noncontact once-through cooling waters segregated for treatment from other process or oily cooling waters, sludges and floats generated in aggressive biological treatment units as defined in footnote 2, below (including sludges and floats generated in one or more additional units after wastewaters have been treated in aggressive biological treatment units) and F037, K048, and K051 wastes are not included in this listing. (See footnote 2, below.) (T) |
| F039 | Leachate (liquids that have percolated through land disposed wastes) resulting from the disposal of more than one restricted waste classified as dangerous under WAC 173-303-9903, 173-303-9904, and 173-303-9905. (Leachate resulting from the disposal of one or more of the following dangerous wastes, and no other dangerous wastes, retains its Dangerous Waste Number(s): F020, F021, F022, F026, F027, and/or F028.) (T) |
Specific Sources |
|
| Wood Preservation: | |
| K001 | Bottom sediment sludge from the treatment of wastewaters from wood preserving processes that use creosote and/or pentachlorophenol. (T) |
Inorganic Pigments: |
|
| K002 | Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of chrome yellow and orange pigments. (T) |
| K003 | Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of molybdate orange pigments. (T) |
| K004 | Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of zinc yellow pigments. (T) |
| K005 | Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of chrome green pigments. (T) |
| K006 | Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of chrome oxide green pigments (anhydrous and hydrated). (T) |
| K007 | Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of iron blue pigments. (T) |
| K008 | Oven residue from the production of chrome oxide green pigments. (T) |
Organic Chemicals: |
|
| K009 | Distillation bottoms from the production of acetaldehyde from ethylene. (T) |
| K010 | Distillation side cuts from the production of acetaldehyde from ethylene. (T) |
| K011 | Bottom stream from the wastewater stripper in the production of acrylonitrile. (R,T) |
| K013 | Bottom stream from the acetonitrile column in the production of acrylonitrile. (R,T) |
| K014 | Bottoms from the acetonitrile purification column in the production of acrylonitrile. (T) |
| K015 | Still bottoms from the distillation of benzyl chloride. (T) |
| K016 | Heavy ends or distillation residues from the production of carbon tetrachloride. (T) |
| K017 | Heavy ends (still bottoms) from the purification column in the production of epichlorohydrin. (T) |
| K018 | Heavy ends from the fractionation column in ethyl chloride production. (T) |
| K019 | Heavy ends from the distillation of ethylene dichloride in ethylene dichloride production. (T) |
| K020 | Heavy ends from the distillation of vinyl chloride in vinyl chloride monomer production. (T) |
| K021 | Aqueous spent antimony catalyst waste from fluoromethanes production. (T) |
| K022 | Distillation bottom tars from the production of phenol/acetone from cumene. (T) |
| K023 | Distillation light ends from the production of phthalic anhydride from naphthalene. (T) |
| K024 | Distillation bottoms from the production of phthalic anhydride from naphthalene. (T) |
| K093 | Distillation light ends from the production of phthalic anhydride from ortho-xylene. (T) |
| K094 | Distillation bottoms from the production of phthalic anhydride from ortho-xylene. (T) |
| K025 | Distillation bottoms from the production of nitrobenzene by the nitration of benzene. (T) |
| K026 | Stripping still tails from the production of methyl ethyl pyridines. (T) |
| K027 | Centrifuge and distillation residues from toluene diisocyanate production. (R,T) |
| K028 | Spent catalyst from the hydrochlorinator reactor in the production of 1,1,1-trichloroethane. (T) |
| K029 | Waste from the product steam stripper in the production of 1,1,1-trichloroethane. (T) |
| K095 | Distillation bottoms from the production of 1,1,1-trichloroethane. (T) |
| K096 | Heavy ends from the heavy ends column from the production of 1,1,1-trichloroethane. (T) |
| K030 | Column bottoms or heavy ends from the combined production of trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene. (T) |
| K083 | Distillation bottoms from aniline production. (T) |
| K103 | Process residues from aniline extraction from the production of aniline. (T) |
| K104 | Combined wastewater streams generated from nitrobenzene/aniline production. (T) |
| K085 | Distillation of fractionation column bottoms from the production of chlorobenzenes. (T) |
| K105 | Separated aqueous stream from the reactor product washing step in the production of chlorobenzenes. (T) |
| K107 | Column bottoms from product separation from the production of 1,1-dimethyl-hydrazine (UDMH) from carboxylic acid hydrazines. (C,T) |
| K108 | Condensed column overheads from product separation and condensed reactor vent gases from the production of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) from the carboxylic acid hydrazides. (I,T) |
| K109 | Spent filter cartridges from product purification from the production of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) from carboxylic acid hydrazides. (T) |
| K110 | Condensed column overheads from intermediate separation from the production of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) from carboxylic acid hydrazides. (T) |
| K111 | Product washwaters from the production of dinitrotoluene via nitration of toluene. (C,T) |
| K112 | Reaction by-product water from the drying column in the production of toluenediamine via hydrogenation of dinitrotoluene. (T) |
| K113 | Condensed liquid light ends from the purification of toluenediamine in the production of toluenediamine via hydrogenation of dinitrotoluene. (T) |
| K114 | Vicinals from the purification of toluenediamine in the production of toluenediamine via hydrogenation of dinitrotoluene. (T) |
| K115 | Heavy ends from the purification of toluenediamine in the production of toluenediamine via hydrogenation of dinitrotoluene. (T) |
| K116 | Organic condensate from the solvent recovery column in the production of toluene diisocyanate via phosgenation of toluenediamine. (T) |
| K117 | Wastewater from the reactor vent gas scrubber in the production of ethylene dibromide via bromination of ethene. (T) |
| K118 | Spent adsorbent solids from purification of ethylene dibromide in the production of ethylene dibromide via bromination of ethene. (T) |
| K136 | Still bottoms from the purification of ethylene dibromide in the production of ethylene dibromide via bromination of ethene. (T) |
| K149 | Distillation bottoms from the production of alpha- (or methyl-) chlorinated toluenes, ring-chlorinated toluenes, benzoyl chlorides, and compounds with mixtures of these functional groups. (This waste does not include still bottoms from the distillation of benzyl chloride.) (T) |
| K150 | Organic residuals, excluding spent carbon adsorbent, from the spent chlorine gas and hydrochloric acid recovery processes associated with the production of alpha-(or methyl-) chlorinated toluenes, ring-chlorinated toluenes, benzoyl chlorides, and compounds with mixtures of these functional groups. (T) |
| K151 | Wastewater treatment sludges, excluding neutralization and biological sludges, generated during the treatment of wastewaters from the production of alpha-(or methyl-) chlorinated toluenes, ring-chlorinated toluenes, benzoyl chlorides, and compounds with mixtures of these functional groups. (T) |
| K156 | Organic waste (including heavy ends, still bottoms, light ends, spent solvents, filtrates, and decantates) from the production of carbamates and carbamoyl oximes. (This listing does not apply to wastes generated from the manufacture of 3-iodo-2-propynyl n-butylcarbamate.) (T) |
| K157 | Wastewaters (including scrubber waters, condenser waters, washwaters, and separation waters) from the production of carbamates and carbamoyl oximes. (This listing does not apply to wastes generated from the manufacture of 3-iodo-2-propynyl n-butylcarbamate.) (T) |
| K158 | Bag house dusts and filter/separation solids from the production of carbamates and carbamoyl oximes. (This listing does not apply to wastes generated from the manufacture of 3-iodo-2-propynyl n-butylcarbamate.) (T) |
| K159 | Organics from the treatment of thiocarbamate wastes. (T) |
| K161 | Purification solids (including filtration, evaporation, and centrifugation solids), bag house dust and floor sweepings from the production of dithiocarbamate acids and their salts. (R,T) |
Explosives: |
|
| K044 | Wastewater treatment sludges from the manufacturing and processing of explosives. (R) |
| K045 | Spent carbon from the treatment of wastewater containing explosives. (R) |
| K046 | Wastewater treatment sludges from the manufacturing, formulation and loading of lead-based initiating compounds. (T) |
| K047 | Pink/red water from TNT operations. (R) |
Inorganic Chemicals: |
|
| K071 | Brine purification muds from the mercury cell process in chlorine production, where separately prepurified brine is not used. (T) |
| K073 | Chlorinated hydrocarbon waste from the purification step of the diaphragm cell process using graphite anodes in chlorine production. (T) |
| K106 | Wastewater treatment sludge from the mercury cell process in chlorine production. (T) |
Petroleum Refining: |
|
| K048 | Dissolved air flotation (DAF) float from the petroleum refining industry. (T) |
| K049 | Slop oil emulsion solids from the petroleum refining industry. (T) |
| K050 | Heat exchanger bundle cleaning sludge from the petroleum refining industry. (T) |
| K051 | API separator sludge from the petroleum refining industry. (T) |
| K052 | Tank bottoms (leaded) from the petroleum refining industry. (T) |
| K169 | Crude oil storage tank sediment from petroleum refining operations. (T) |
| K170 | Clarified slurry oil tank sediment and/or in-line filter/separation solids from petroleum refining operations. (T) |
| K171 | Spent hydrotreating catalyst from petroleum refining operations, including guard beds used to desulfurize feeds to other catalytic reactors (this listing does not include inert support media). (I,T) |
| K172 | Spent hydrorefining catalyst from petroleum refining operations, including guard beds used to desulfurize feeds to other catalytic reactors (this listing does not include inert support media). (I,T) |
Iron and Steel: |
|
| K061 | Emission control dust/sludge from the primary production of steel in electric furnaces. (T) |
| K062 | Spent pickle liquor generated by steel finishing operations of facilities within the iron and steel industry (SIC Codes 331 and 332). (C,T) |
Pesticides: |
|
| K031 | Byproduct salts generated in the production of MSMA and cacodylic acid. (T) |
| K032 | Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of chlordane. (T) |
| K033 | Wastewater and scrub water from the chlorination of cyclopentadiene in the production of chlordane. (T) |
| K034 | Filter solids from the filtration of hexachlorocyclopentadiene in the production of chlordane. (T) |
| K097 | Vacuum stripper discharge from the chlordane chlorinator in the production of chlordane. (T) |
| K035 | Wastewater treatment sludges generated in the production of creosote. (T) |
| K036 | Still bottoms from toluene reclamation distillation in the production of disulfoton. (T) |
| K037 | Wastewater treatment sludges from the production of disulfoton. (T) |
| K038 | Wastewater from the washing and stripping of phorate production. (T) |
| K039 | Filter cake from the filtration of diethylphosphorodithioic acid in the production of phorate. (T) |
| K040 | Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of phorate. (T) |
| K041 | Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of toxaphene. (T) |
| K098 | Untreated process wastewater from the production of toxaphene. (T) |
| K042 | Heavy ends or distillation residues from the distillation of tetrachlorobenzene in the production of 2,4,5-T. (T) |
| K043 | 2,6-Dichlorophenol waste from the production of 2,4-D. (T) |
| K099 | Untreated wastewater from the production of 2,4-D. (T) |
| K123 | Process wastewater (including supernates, filtrates, and wastewaters) from the production of ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid and its salts. (T) |
| K124 | Reactor vent scrubber water from the production of ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid and its salts. (C,T) |
| K125 | Filtration, evaporation, and centrifugation solids from the production of ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid and its salts. (T) |
| K126 | Baghouse dust and floor sweepings in milling and packaging operations from the production or formulation of ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid and its salts. (T) |
| K131 | Wastewater from the reactor and spent sulfuric acid from the acid dryer from the production of methyl bromide. (C,T) |
| K132 | Spent absorbent and wastewater separator solids from the production of methyl bromide. (T) |
Primary Copper: |
|
| K064 | Acid plant blowdown slurry/sludge resulting from the thickening of blowdown slurry from primary copper production. (T) |
Primary Lead: |
|
| K065 | Surface impoundment solids contained in and dredged from surface impoundments at primary lead smelting facilities. (T) |
Primary Zinc: |
|
| K066 | Sludge from treatment of process wastewater and/or acid plant blowdown from primary zinc production. (T) |
Primary Aluminum: |
|
| K088 | Spent potliners from primary aluminum reduction. (T) |
Ferroalloys: |
|
| K090 | Emission control dust or sludge from ferrochromium-silicon production. (T) |
| K091 | Emission control dust or sludge from ferrochromium production. (T) |
Secondary Lead: |
|
| K069 | Emission control dust/sludge from secondary lead smelting. (T) |
| K100 | Waste leaching solution from acid leaching of emission control dust/sludge from secondary lead smelting. (T) |
Veterinary Pharmaceuticals: |
|
| K084 | Wastewater treatment sludges generated during the production of veterinary pharmaceuticals from arsenic or organo-arsenic compounds. (T) |
| K101 | Distillation tar residues from the distillation of aniline-based compounds in the production of veterinary pharmaceuticals from arsenic or organo-arsenic compounds. (T) |
| K102 | Residue from the use of activated carbon for decolorization in the production of veterinary pharmaceuticals from arsenic or organo-arsenic compounds. (T) |
Ink Formulation: |
|
| K086 | Solvent washes and sludges, caustic washes and sludges, or water washes and sludges from cleaning tubs and equipment used in the formulation of ink from pigments, driers, soaps, and stabilizers containing chromium and lead. (T) |
Coking: |
|
| K060 | Ammonia still-lime sludge from coking operations. (T) |
| K087 | Decanter tank tar sludge from coking operations. (T) |
| K141 | Process residues from the recovery of coal tar, including, but not limited to, collecting sump residues from the production of coke from coal or the recovery of coke by-products produced from coal. This listing does not include K087 (decanter tank tar sludges from coking operations). |
| K142 | Tar storage tank residues from the production of coke from coal or from the recovery of coke by-products produced from coal. |
| K143 | Process residues from the recovery of light oil, including, but not limited to, those generated in stills, decanters, and wash oil recovery units from the recovery of coke by-products produced from coal. |
| K144 | Wastewater sump residues from light oil refining, including, but not limited to, intercepting or contamination sump sludges from the recover of coke by-products produced from coal. |
| K145 | Residues from naphthalene collection and recovery operations from the recovery of coke by-products produced from coal. |
| K147 | Tar storage tank residues from coal tar refining. |
| K148 | Residues from coal tar distillation, including but not limited to, still bottoms. |
Footnotes
| 1 | For wastes listed with the dangerous waste numbers F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027 the quantity exclusion limit is 2.2 lbs. (1 kg) per month or per batch. |
| 2 | Listing Specific Definitions: |
| a | For the purposes of the F037 and F038 listings, oil/water/solids is defined as oil and/or water and/or solids. |
| b(i) | For the purposes of the F037 and F038 listings, aggressive biological treatment units are defined as units which employ one of the following four treatment methods: Activated sludge; trickling filter; rotating biological contactor for the continuous accelerated biological oxidation of wastewaters; or high-rate aeration. High-rate aeration is a system of surface impoundments or tanks, in which intense mechanical aeration is used to completely mix the wastes, enhance biological activity, and (A) the units employs a minimum of 6 hp per million gallons of treatment volume; and either (B) the hydraulic retention time of the unit is no longer than 5 days; or (C) the hydraulic retention time is no longer than 30 days and the unit does not generate a sludge that is a dangerous waste by the Toxicity Characteristic. |
| (ii) | Generators and treatment, storage and disposal facilities have the burden of proving that their sludges are exempt from listing as F037 and F038 wastes under this definition. Generators and treatment, storage and disposal facilities must maintain, in their operating or other on-site records, documents and data sufficient to prove that: (A) The unit is an aggressive biological treatment unit as defined in this subsection; and (B) the sludges sought to be exempted from the definitions of F037 and/or F038 were actually treated in the aggressive biological treatment unit. |
| c(i) | For the purposes of the F037 listing, sludges are considered to be generated at the moment of deposition in the unit, where deposition is defined as at least a temporary cessation of lateral particle movement. |
| (ii) | For the purposes of the F038 listing, |
| (A) | Sludges are considered to be generated at the moment of deposition in the unit, where deposition is defined as at least a temporary cessation of lateral particle movement and |
| (B) | Floats are considered to be generated at the moment they are formed in the top of the unit. |
State Sources |
|
| W001 | Discarded transformers, capacitors or bushings containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) at concentrations of 2 parts per million or greater (except when drained of all free flowing liquid) and the following wastes generated from the salvaging, rebuilding, or discarding of transformers, capacitors or bushings containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) at concentrations of 2 parts per million or greater: Cooling and insulating fluids and cores, including core papers. (Note -- Certain PCB wastes are excluded from this listing under WAC 173-303-071 (3)(k). The generator should check that section to determine if their PCB waste is excluded from the requirements of chapter 173-303 WAC.) |
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 98-03-018 (Order 97-03), § 173-303-9904, filed 1/12/98, effective 2/12/98; 95-22-008 (Order 94-30), § 173-303-9904, filed 10/19/95, effective 11/19/95; 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-9904, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-9904, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 89-02-059 (Order 88-24), § 173-303-9904, filed 1/4/89; 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-9904, filed 6/26/87; 86-12-057 (Order DE-85-10), § 173-303-9904, filed 6/3/86; 85-09-042 (Order DE-85-02), § 173-303-9904, filed 4/15/85; 84-09-088 (Order DE 83-36), § 173-303-9904, filed 4/18/84. Statutory Authority: RCW 70.95.260 and chapter 70.105 RCW. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-9904, filed 2/10/82.]
| (( |
[Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW. 94-01-060 (Order 92-33), § 173-303-9907, filed 12/8/93, effective 1/8/94. Statutory Authority: Chapters 70.105 and 70.105D RCW, 40 CFR Part 271.3 and RCRA § 3006 (42 U.S.C. 3251). 91-07-005 (Order 90-42), § 173-303-9907, filed 3/7/91, effective 4/7/91. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70.105 RCW. 87-14-029 (Order DE-87-4), § 173-303-9907, filed 6/26/87. Statutory Authority: RCW 70.95.260 and chapter 70.105 RCW. 82-05-023 (Order DE 81-33), § 173-303-9907, filed 2/10/82.]