Date of Adoption: August 17, 1999.

Purpose: Miscellaneous changes to chapters 296-24, 296-32, 296-52, 296-62, 296-155, and 296-301 WAC. On June 18, 1998, OSHA adopted miscellaneous changes to a number of federal rules within 29 C.F.R. 1910 and 1926 (General Industry and Construction Standards). The Department of Labor and Industries has adopted amendments to standards related to these chapters to be at-least-as-effective-as OSHA, assure appropriate worker protection throughout the state, and improve the clarity of these rules. Washington Administrative Codes that are affected include: WAC 296-24, General safety and health standards; WAC 296-32, Safety standards for telecommunications; WAC 296-62, General occupational health standards; WAC 296-52, Safety standards for possession and handling of explosives; WAC 296-155, Safety standards for construction work; and WAC 296-301, Safety standards for the textile industry.

Amendments adopted incorporate those changes from the Federal Register Notice, Volume 63, Number 117, published on June 18, 1998 (Standards Improvement (Miscellaneous Changes) for General Industry and Construction Standards; Paperwork Collection for Coke Oven Emissions and Inorganic Arsenic, Final Rule). These amendments clarify rules, eliminate duplications, and delete current WISHA requirements under the jurisdiction of the federal Department of Transportation.

In addition, WISHA adopted changes to WAC 296-52, which reduces fees to 1995 levels due to requirements of RCW 43.135 and includes the requirement of a Social Security number from RCW 26.23.150 when requesting licenses. WISHA changes to WAC 296-62, Parts G and I remove references to Appendices, which were repealed in the respiratory protection project, also within Part R, a reference was corrected. Also, clarifications to requirements for crane operators in WAC 296-24, Part D, and illustrations in WAC 296-155, Part N were made due to stakeholder request.

Changes to WAC 296-24, General safety and health standards:

Amended section WAC 296-24-47505 Basic rules. Adopted rule eliminates the requirements in subsection (15)(f), (g), and (h), this subsection relates to tank car or transport truck loading or unloading points. These changes are made to be like federal rule 29 C.F.R. 1910.110 (b)(15). The requirements pertain to the design of transportation vehicles and the safe location of such vehicles during loading and unloading operations, which fall under the jurisdiction of the Department of Transportation.

Amended section WAC 296-24-47507 (2)(b), (c), and (d) Cylinder systems. Adopted rule eliminates specifications for marking LPG cylinders, to be like federal rule 29 C.F.R. 1910.110 (c)(2), which were a duplication of the Department of Transportation requirements.

Amended section WAC 296-24-47511(10) Liquefied petroleum gas as a motor fuel. Adopted rule eliminates requirements in WAC 296-24-47511(10), pertaining to passenger carrying vehicles, to be like federal rule 29 C.F.R. 1910.110(e), which fall under the jurisdiction of the Department of Transportation.

Repealed section WAC 296-24-47515 LP gas system installations on commercial vehicles. Adopted repeal eliminates requirements pertaining to installing LP–gas systems on commercial vehicles, to be like federal rule 29 C.F.R. 1910.110(g), which fall under the jurisdiction of the Department of Transportation.

Amended section WAC 296-24-51017 Storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia, systems mounted on trucks, semi-trailers, and trailers for transportation of ammonia. Adopted rule eliminates requirements in subsections (8) and (10) regarding safety requirements to protect full trailers and semi-trailers that transport ammonia, from collision, to be like federal rule 29 C.F.R. 1910.111(f), which fall under the jurisdiction of the Department of Transportation.

Changes to WAC 296-32, Safety standards for telecommunications:

Changes to WAC 296-52, Safety standards for possession and handling of explosives:

Amended section WAC 296-52-489 Transportation. Adopted rule changes subsection (7)(a), to be like federal rule 29 C.F.R. 1910.109 (d)(1)(iv). This allows for transportation of blasting caps on a vehicle that is carrying other explosives when doing so in accordance with methods specified in the Department of Transportation regulations of 49 C.F.R. 177.835 (g)(3)(I).

Amended section WAC 296-52-493 Use of explosives and blasting agents. Adopted rule changes subsection (2)(a), to be like federal rule 29 C.F.R. 1910.109 (e)(2)(i), which allows for the reuse of uncontaminated containers and packaging materials if such reuse is accomplished in accordance with the Department of Transportation criteria contained in 49 C.F.R. 173.28.

Adopted rule makes WISHA changes to the following WACs, which decreases license fees to 1995 levels, to comply with RCW 43.135, requirements. Amended section WAC 296-52-425 Dealer’s license, subsection (2), 296-52-429 License for manufacturing, subsection (2), 296-52-433 Purchaser’s license, subsection (3), 296-52-437 User’s (blaster’s) license, subsection (2)(h), and 296-52-449 Storage magazine license fees, changes to fee schedule for operating each magazine.

Changes to WAC 296-62, General occupational health standards:

Amended section WAC 296-62-07354 Appendices--Inorganic arsenic. Adopted rule decreases the requirements in Appendix C--Medical surveillance guidelines (3)(a)(iii) to update medical history and make sputum cytology testing optional. In subsection (3)(a)(iv) requirements have been minimized to tests required in the initial exam, and updated medical history, to be like federal rule 29 C.F.R. 1910.1018, Appendix A and C.

Amended section WAC 296-62-20017 Medical surveillance. Adopted rule decreases the requirements for x-rays from semi-annually to annually in subsection (3), Periodic examinations to be like federal rule 29 C.F.R. 1910.1029 (j)(3).

Amended section WAC 296-62-20027 Appendix A--Coke oven emissions substance information sheet. Adopted rule decreases requirements for x-rays from semi-annually to annually in subsection VI, Medical examinations and clarifies the need for the examination to be like federal rule 29 C.F.R. 1910.1029, Appendix A.

Amended section WAC 296-62-20029 Appendix B--Industrial hygiene and medical surveillance guidelines. Adopted rule decreases the minimum requirements in subsection II, Medical surveillance guidelines by requiring the examinations only for workers who work at least thirty days in the regulated area, deleting the requirement for sputum cytology exams and changing x-ray requirements from semi-annual to annual. These changes are adopted to be like federal rule 29 C.F.R. 1910.1029, Appendix B.

Amended section WAC 296-62-07542 Appendix A--Substances technical guideline for formalin. Adopted rule makes a WISHA change to subsection (l)(i) by deleting (B), the fit testing requirements, contained in Appendix E, of WAC 296-62-07550, which was repealed as part of the respiratory protection project.

Amended section WAC 296-62-41025 Refresher training. Adopted rule makes a WISHA change to subsection (1) to include a corrected reference.

Changes to WAC 296-155, Safety standards for construction work:

Changes to WAC 296-301, Safety standards for the textile industry:

Amended section WAC 296-301-170 Clothing folding machine. Adopted rule makes a change by referencing requirements found in WAC 296-24-195 through 296-24-19513 to eliminate duplication.

Amended section WAC 296-301-195 Open tanks and vats for mixing and storage of hot or corrosive liquids. Adopted rule eliminates duplication of requirements to WAC 296-24-750 through 296-24-75011 in subsection (1).

Amended section WAC 296-301-220 Personal protective equipment. Within subsection (1), adopted rule removes outdated references to WAC 296-24-081 through 296-24-08113, and eliminates duplication of requirements found in WAC 296-24-07501 and 296-24-07801. Also, within subsection (2), referenced requirements to WAC 296-24-081 through 296-24-08113 were corrected to identify appropriate references to WAC 296-62, Part E, Respiratory protection.

Citation of Existing Rules Affected by this Order:

AMENDED SECTIONS: WAC 296-24, General safety and health standards, and WAC 296-24-12002 Definitions, 296-24-47505 Basic rules, 296-24-47507 Cylinder systems, 296-24-47511 Liquefied petroleum gas as a motor fuel, 296-24-51017 Storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia, systems mounted on trucks, semi-trailers, and trailers for transportation of ammonia, and 296-24-23529 Operators.

WAC 296-32, Safety standards for telecommunications, and WAC 296-32-260 Rubber insulating equipment.

WAC 296-52, Safety standards for possession and handling of explosives, and WAC 296-52-477 Quantity and distance table for separations between magazines, Table H-21, note 4, 296-52-489 Transportation, 296-52-493 Use of explosives and blasting agents, 296-52-421 Licenses--Information and verification, 296-52-425 Dealer's license, 296-52-429 License for manufacturing, 296-52-433 Purchaser's license, 296-52-437 User's (blaster's) license, and 296-52-449 Storage magazine license fees.

WAC 296-62, General occupational health standards, and WAC 296-62-07347 Inorganic arsenic, 296-62-07354 Appendices--Inorganic arsenic, 296-62-20017 Medical surveillance, 296-62-20027 Appendix A--Coke oven emissions substance information sheet, 296-62-20029 Appendix B--Industrial hygiene and medical surveillance guidelines, 296-62-07433 Appendices, 296-62-07542 Appendix A--Substances technical guideline for formalin, and 296-62-41025 Refresher training.

WAC 296-155, Safety standards for construction work, and WAC 296-155-270 Flammable and combustible liquids, and 296-155-66403 Appendix B--Sloping and benching.

WAC 296-301, Safety standards for the textile industry, and WAC 296-301-020 General safety requirements, 296-301-170 Clothing folding machine, 296-301-195 Open tanks and vats for mixing and storage of hot or corrosive liquids, and 296-301-220 Personal protective equipment.

REPEALED SECTIONS: WAC 296-24, General safety and health standards, and WAC 296-24-47515 LP gas system installations on commercial vehicles.

Statutory Authority for Adoption: RCW 49.17.010, [49.17].040, [49.17].050.

Adopted under notice filed as WSR 99-12-089 on June 1, 1999.

Changes Other than Editing from Proposed to Adopted Version: Clarifications and corrections were made to the figures in WAC 296-155-66403.

Number of Sections Adopted in Order to Comply with Federal Statute: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; Federal Rules or Standards: New 0, Amended 19, Repealed 1; or Recently Enacted State Statutes: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0.

Number of Sections Adopted at Request of a Nongovernmental Entity: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0.

Number of Sections Adopted on the Agency's Own Initiative: New 0, Amended 11, Repealed 0.

Number of Sections Adopted in Order to Clarify, Streamline, or Reform Agency Procedures: New 0, Amended 3, Repealed 0.

Number of Sections Adopted Using Negotiated Rule Making: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; Pilot Rule Making: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; or Other Alternative Rule Making: New 0, Amended 30, Repealed 1. Effective Date of Rule: December 1, 1999.

August 17, 1999

Gary Moore

Director

OTS-2977.1

AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending Order 92-06, filed 10/30/92, effective 12/8/92)

WAC 296-155-66403
Appendix B--Sloping and benching.

(1) Scope and application.  This appendix contains specifications for sloping and benching when used as methods of protecting employees working in excavations from cave-ins.  The requirements of this appendix apply when the design of sloping and benching protective systems is to be performed in accordance with the requirements set forth in WAC 296-155-657 (2)(b).

(2) Definitions.

(a) Actual slope.  The slope to which an excavation face is excavated.

(b) Distress.  Soil that is in a condition where a cave-in is imminent or is likely to occur.  Distress is evidenced by such phenomena as the development of fissures in the face of or adjacent to an open excavation; the subsidence of the edge of an excavation; the slumping of material from the face or the bulging or heaving of material from the bottom of an excavation; the spalling of material from the face of an excavation; and ravelling, i.e., small amounts of material such as pebbles or little clumps of material suddenly separating from the face of an excavation and trickling or rolling down into the excavation.

(c) Maximum allowable slope.  The steepest incline of an excavation face that is acceptable for the most favorable site conditions as protection against cave-ins, and is expressed as the ratio of horizontal distance to vertical rise (H:V).

(3) Requirements.

(a) Soil classification.  Soil and rock deposits shall be classified in accordance with appendix A of this Part.

(b) Maximum allowable slope.  The maximum allowable slope for a soil or rock deposit shall be determined from Table N-1 of this appendix.

(c) Actual slope.

(i) The actual slope shall not be steeper than the maximum allowable slope.

(ii) The actual slope shall be less steep than the maximum allowable slope, when there are signs of distress.  If that situation occurs, the slope shall be cut back to an actual slope which is at least 1/2 horizontal to one vertical (1/2H:1V) less steep than the maximum allowable slope.

(iii) When surcharge loads from stored material or equipment, operating equipment, or traffic are present, a competent person shall determine the degree to which the actual slope must be reduced below the maximum allowable slope, and shall assure that such reduction is achieved.  Surcharge loads from adjacent structures shall be evaluated in accordance with WAC 296-155-655(9).

(d) Configurations.  Configurations of sloping and benching systems shall be in accordance with Figures N-1 through N-18.

SOIL OR ROCK TYPE	MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE SLOPES (H1V) (1) FOR EXCAVATION LESS THAN 20 FEET DEEP (2)
STABLE ROCK TYPE A TYPE B TYPE C	VERTICAL (90°) 3/4 : 1 (53°) 1 : 1 (45°) 1 1/2 : 1 (34°)

Notes:

(1)	Numbers shown in parentheses next to maximum allowable slopes are angles expressed in degrees from the horizontal. Angles have been rounded off.

(2)	Sloping or benching for excavations greater than 20 feet deep shall be designed by a registered professional engineer.

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[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17 and RCW 49.17.040, [ RCW 49.17].050 and [ RCW 49.17].060.  92-22-067 (Order 92-06), § 296-155-66403, filed 10/30/92, effective 12/8/92.]

OTS-2980.2

AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending Order 91-01, filed 5/20/91, effective 6/20/91)

WAC 296-24-12002
Definitions.

The following definitions are applicable to all sections of this chapter which include WAC 296-24-120 in the section number.

(1) (("Lavatory" means a basin or similar vessel used exclusively for washing of the hands, arms, face and head.

(2))) "Nonwater carriage toilet facility" means a toilet facility not connected to a sewer.

(((3))) (2) "Number of employees" means, unless otherwise specified, the maximum number of employees present at any one time on a regular shift.

(((4))) (3) "Personal service room" means a room used for activities not directly connected with the production or service function performed by the establishment.  Such activities include but are not limited to, first aid, medical services, dressing, showering, toilet use, washing, and eating.

(((5))) (4) "Potable water" means water which meets the quality standards for drinking purposes of state or local authority having jurisdiction or water that meets the quality standards prescribed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency's National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations, published in 40 CFR Part 141, and 40 CFR 147.2400.

(((6))) (5) "Toilet facility" means a fixture maintained within a toilet room for the purpose of defecation or urination, or both.

(((7))) (6) "Toilet room" means a room maintained within or on the premises of any place of employment, containing toilet facilities for use by employees.

(((8))) (7) "Toxic material" means a material in concentration or amount which exceeds the applicable limit established by a standard, such as WAC 296-62 or, in the absence of an applicable standard, which is of such toxicity so as to constitute a recognized hazard that is causing or is likely to cause death or serious physical harm.

(((9))) (8) "Urinal" means a toilet facility maintained within a toilet room for the sole purpose of urination.

(((10))) (9) "Water closet" means a toilet facility maintained within a toilet room for the purpose of both defecation and urination and which is flushed with water.

(((11))) (10) "Wet process" means any process or operation in a workroom which normally results in surfaces upon which employees may walk or stand becoming wet.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.  91-11-070 (Order 91-01), § 296-24-12002, filed 5/20/91, effective 6/20/91; Order 74-27, § 296-24-12002, filed 5/7/74.]

(1) Odorizing gases.

(a) All liquefied petroleum gases shall be effectively odorized by an approved agent of such character as to indicate positively, by distinct odor, the presence of gas down to concentration in air of not over one-fifth the lower limit of flammability.  Odorization, however, is not required if harmful in the use of further processing of the liquefied petroleum gas, or if odorization will serve no useful purpose as a warning agent in such use or further processing.

(b) The odorization requirement of (a) of this subsection shall be considered to be met by the use of 1.0 pounds of ethyl mercaptan, 1.0 pounds of thiophane or 1.4 pounds of amyl mercaptan per ten thousand gallons of LP-gas.  However, this listing of odorants and quantities shall not exclude the use of other odorants that meet the odorization requirements of (a) of this subsection.

(2) Approval of equipment and systems.

(a) Each system utilizing DOT containers in accordance with 49 CFR Part 178 shall have its container valves, connectors, manifold valve assemblies, and regulators approved.

(b) Each system for domestic or commercial use utilizing containers of two thousand gallons or less water capacity, other than those constructed in accordance with 49 CFR Part 178, shall consist of a container assembly and one or more regulators, and may include other parts.  The system as a unit or the container assembly as a unit, and the regulator or regulators, shall be individually listed.

(c) In systems utilizing containers of over two thousand gallons water capacity, each regulator, container, valve, excess flow valve, gaging device, and relief valve installed on or at the container, shall have its correctness as to design, construction, and performance determined by listing by a nationally recognized testing laboratory.  Refer to federal regulation 29 CFR 1910.7 for definition of nationally recognized testing laboratory.

(d) The provisions of subsection (3)(a) of this section shall not be construed as prohibiting the continued use or reinstallation of containers constructed and maintained in accordance with the standard for the Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases NFPA No. 58 in effect at the time of fabrication.

(e) Containers used with systems embodied in this section and WAC 296-24-47509 (3)(c) and 296-24-47513, shall be constructed, tested, and stamped in accordance with DOT specifications effective at the date of their manufacture.

(3) Requirements for construction and original test of containers.

(a) Containers used with systems embodied in WAC 296-24-47509, 296-24-47513 through 296-24-47517, except as provided in WAC 296-24-47511 (3)(c) ((and 296-24-47515 (2)(a))), shall be designed, constructed, and tested in accordance with the Rules for Construction of Unfired Pressure Vessels, section VIII, Division 1, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, 1968 edition.

(b) Containers constructed according to the 1949 and earlier editions of the ASME Code do not have to comply with U-2 through U-10 and U-19 thereof.  Containers constructed according to U-70 in the 1949 and earlier editions do not meet the requirements of this section.

(c) Containers designed, constructed, and tested prior to July 1, 1961, according to the Code for Unfired Pressure Vessels for Petroleum Liquids and Gases, 1951 edition with 1954 Addenda, of the American Petroleum Institute and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers shall be considered in conformance.  Containers constructed according to API-ASME Code do not have to comply with section I or with appendix to section I.  W-601 to W-606 inclusive in the 1943 and earlier editions do not apply.

(4) Welding of containers.

(a) Welding to the shell, head, or any other part of the container subject to internal pressure, shall be done in compliance with the code under which the tank was fabricated.  Other welding is permitted only on saddle plates, lugs, or brackets attached to the container by the tank manufacturer.

(b) Where repair or modification involving welding of DOT containers is required, the container shall be returned to a qualified manufacturer making containers of the same type, and the repair or modification made in compliance with DOT regulations.

(5) Markings on container.

(a) Each container covered in subsection (3)(a) of this section except as provided in subsection (2)(d) of this section shall be marked as specified in the following:

(i) With a marking identifying compliance with, and other markings required by, the rules of the reference under which the container is constructed; or with the stamp and other markings required by the laws, rules or regulations as administered by the state of Washington, department of labor and industries pertaining to such containers.

(ii) With notation as to whether the container is designed for underground or aboveground installation or both.  If intended for both and different style hoods are provided, the marking shall indicate the proper hood for each type of installation.

(iii) With the name and address of the supplier of the container, or with the trade name of the container.

(iv) With the water capacity of the container in pounds or gallons, United States standard.

(v) With the pressure in p.s.i.g., for which the container is designed.

(vi) With the wording "This container shall not contain a product having a vapor pressure in excess of--p.s.i.g. at 100°F," see WAC 296-24-47509, Table H-31.

(vii) With the tare weight in pounds or other identified unit of weight for containers with a water capacity of three hundred pounds or less.

(viii) With marking indicating the maximum level to which the container may be filled with liquid at temperatures between 20°F and 130°F, except on containers provided with fixed maximum level indicators or which are filled by weighing.  Markings shall be increments of not more than 20°F.  This marking may be located on the liquid level gaging device.

(ix) With the outside surface area in square feet.

(b) Markings specified shall be on a metal nameplate attached to the container and located in such a manner as to remain visible after the container is installed.

(c) When LP-gas and one or more other gases are stored or used in the same area, the containers shall be marked to identify their content.  Marking shall be in compliance with American National Standard Z48.1-1954, "Method of Marking Portable Compressed Gas Containers to Identify the Material Contained."

(6) Location of containers and regulating equipment.

(a) Containers, and first stage regulating equipment if used, shall be located outside of buildings, except under one or more of the following:

(i) In buildings used exclusively for container charging, vaporization pressure reduction, gas mixing, gas manufacturing, or distribution.

(ii) When portable use is necessary and in accordance with WAC 296-24-47507(5).

(iii) LP-gas fueled stationary or portable engines in accordance with WAC 296-24-47511 (11) or (12).

(iv) LP-gas fueled industrial trucks used in accordance with WAC 296-24-47511(13).

(v) LP-gas fueled vehicles garaged in accordance with WAC 296-24-47511(14).

(vi) Containers awaiting use or resale when stored in accordance with WAC 296-24-47513.

(b) Each individual container shall be located with respect to the nearest important building or group of buildings or line of adjoining property which may be built on in accordance with Table H-23.

TABLE H-23

2Note:

The above distance requirements may be reduced to not less than ten feet for a single container of one thousand two hundred gallons water capacity or less, providing such a container is at least twenty-five feet from any other LP-gas container of more than one hundred twenty-five gallons water capacity.

(c) Containers installed for use shall not be stacked one above the other.

(d) In industrial installations involving containers of one hundred eighty thousand gallons aggregate water capacity or more, where serious mutual exposures between the container and adjacent properties prevail, firewalls or other means of special protection designed and constructed in accordance with good engineering practices are required.

(e) In the case of buildings devoted exclusively to gas manufacturing and distributing operations, the distances required by Table H-23 may be reduced provided that in no case shall containers of water capacity exceeding five hundred gallons be located closer than ten feet to such gas manufacturing and distributing buildings.

(f) Readily ignitible material such as weeds and long dry grass shall be removed within ten feet of any container.

(g) The minimum separation between liquefied petroleum gas containers and flammable liquid tanks shall be twenty feet, and the minimum separation between a container and the centerline of the dike shall be ten feet.  The foregoing provision shall not apply when LP-gas containers of one hundred twenty-five gallons or less capacity are installed adjacent to Class III flammable liquid tanks of two hundred seventy-five gallons or less capacity.

(h) Suitable means shall be taken to prevent the accumulation of flammable liquids under adjacent liquefied petroleum gas containers, such as by diking, diversion curbs, or grading.

(i) When dikes are used with flammable liquid tanks, no liquefied petroleum gas containers shall be located within the diked area.

(7) Container valves and container accessories.

(a) Valves, fittings, and accessories connected directly to the container including primary shutoff valves, shall have a rated working pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g. and shall be of material and design suitable for LP-gas service.  Cast iron shall not be used for container valves, fittings, and accessories.  This does not prohibit the use of container valves made of malleable or nodular iron.

(b) Connections to containers, except safety relief connections, liquid level gaging devices, and plugged openings, shall have shutoff valves located as close to the container as practicable.

(c) Excess flow valves, where required shall close automatically at the rated flows of vapor or liquid as specified by the manufacturer.  The connections or line including valves, fittings, etc., being protected by an excess flow valve shall have a greater capacity than the rated flow of the excess flow valve.

(d) Liquid level gaging devices which are so constructed that outward flow of container contents shall not exceed that passed by a No. 54 drill size opening, need not be equipped with excess flow valves.

(e) Openings from container or through fittings attached directly on container to which pressure gage connection is made, need not be equipped with shutoff or excess flow valves if such openings are restricted to not larger than No. 54 drill size opening.

(f) Except as provided in WAC 296-24-47507 (5)(a)(ii), excess flow and back pressure check valves where required by this section shall be located inside of the container or at a point outside where the line enters the container; in the latter case, installation shall be made in such manner that any undue strain beyond the excess flow or back pressure check valve will not cause breakage between the container and such valve.

(g) Excess flow valves shall be designed with a bypass, not to exceed a No. 60 drill size opening to allow equalization of pressures.

(h) Containers of more than thirty gallons water capacity and less than two thousand gallons water capacity, filled on a volumetric basis, and manufactured after December 1, 1963, shall be equipped for filling into the vapor space.

(8) Piping--Including pipe, tubing, and fittings.

(a) Pipe, except as provided in WAC 296-24-47511 (6)(a) ((and 296-24-47515 (10)(c))) shall be wrought iron or steel (black or galvanized), brass, copper, or aluminum alloy.  Aluminum alloy pipe shall be at least Schedule 40 in accordance with the specifications for Aluminum Alloy Pipe, American National Standards Institute (ANSI) H38.7-1969 (ASTM, B241-1969), except that the use of alloy 5456 is prohibited and shall be suitably marked at each end of each length indicating compliance with American National Standard Institute specifications.  Aluminum alloy pipe shall be protected against external corrosion when it is in contact with dissimilar metals other than galvanized steel, or its location is subject to repeated wetting by such liquids as water (except rain water), detergents, sewage, or leaking from other piping, or it passes through flooring, plaster, masonry, or insulation.  Galvanized sheet steel or pipe, galvanized inside and out, may be considered suitable protection.  The maximum nominal pipe size for aluminum pipe shall be three-fourths inch and shall not be used for pressures exceeding 20 p.s.i.g.  Aluminum alloy pipe shall not be installed within six inches of the ground.

(i) Vapor piping with operating pressures not exceeding 125 p.s.i.g. shall be suitable for a working pressure of at least 125 p.s.i.g.  Pipe shall be at least Schedule 40 ASTM A-53-69, Grade B Electric Resistance Welded and Electric Flash Welded Pipe or equal.

(ii) Vapor piping with operating pressures over 125 p.s.i.g. and all liquid piping shall be suitable for a working pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g.  Pipe shall be at least Schedule 80 if joints are threaded or threaded and back welded.  At least Schedule 40 (ASTM A-53-1969 Grade B Electric Resistance Welded and Electric Flash Welded Pipe or equal) shall be used if joints are welded, or welded and flanged.

(b) Tubing shall be seamless and of copper, brass, steel, or aluminum alloy.  Copper tubing shall be of Type K or L or equivalent as covered in the Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube, ANSI H23.1-1970 (ASTM B88-1969).  Aluminum alloy tubing shall be of Type A or B or equivalent as covered in Specification ASTM B210-1968 and shall be suitably marked every eighteen inches indicating compliance with ASTM specifications.  The minimum nominal wall thickness of copper tubing and aluminum alloy tubing shall be as specified in Table H-24 and Table H-25.

TABLE H-24

WALL THICKNESS OF COPPER TUBING¹

TABLE H-25

WALL THICKNESS OF ALUMINUM ALLOY TUBING¹

Aluminum alloy tubing shall be protected against external corrosion when it is in contact with dissimilar metals other than galvanized steel, or its location is subject to repeated wetting by liquids such as water (except rainwater), detergents, sewage, or leakage from other piping, or it passes through flooring, plaster, masonry, or insulation.  Galvanized sheet steel or pipe, galvanized inside and out, may be considered suitable protection.  The maximum outside diameter for aluminum alloy tubing shall be three-fourths inch and shall not be used for pressures exceeding 20 p.s.i.g.  Aluminum alloy tubing shall not be installed within six inches of the ground.

(c) In systems where the gas in liquid form without pressure reduction enters the building, only heavy walled seamless brass or copper tubing with an internal diameter not greater than three thirty-seconds inch, and a wall thickness of not less than three sixty-fourths inch shall be used.  This requirement shall not apply to research and experimental laboratories, buildings, or separate fire divisions of buildings used exclusively for housing internal combustion engines, and to commercial gas plants or bulk stations where containers are charged, nor to industrial vaporizer buildings, nor to buildings, structures, or equipment under construction or undergoing major renovation.

(d) Pipe joints may be screwed, flanged, welded, soldered, or brazed with a material having a melting point exceeding 1,000°F.  Joints on seamless copper, brass, steel, or aluminum alloy gas tubing shall be made by means of approved gas tubing fittings, or soldered or brazed with a material having a melting point exceeding 1,000°F.

(e) For operating pressures of 125 p.s.i.g. or less, fittings shall be designed for a pressure of at least 125 p.s.i.g.  For operating pressures above 125 p.s.i.g., fittings shall be designed for a minimum of 250 p.s.i.g.

(f) The use of threaded cast iron pipe fittings such as ells, tees, crosses, couplings, and unions is prohibited.  Aluminum alloy fittings shall be used with aluminum alloy pipe and tubing.  Insulated fittings shall be used where aluminum alloy pipe or tubing connects with a dissimilar metal.

(g) Strainers, regulators, meters, compressors, pumps, etc., are not to be considered as pipe fittings.  This does not prohibit the use of malleable, nodular, or higher strength gray iron for such equipment.

(h) All materials such as valve seats, packing, gaskets, diaphragms, etc., shall be of such quality as to be resistant to the action of liquefied petroleum gas under the service conditions to which they are subjected.

(i) All piping, tubing, or hose shall be tested after assembly and proved free from leaks at not less than normal operating pressures.  After installation, piping and tubing of all domestic and commercial systems shall be tested and proved free of leaks using a manometer or equivalent device that will indicate a drop in pressure.  Test shall not be made with a flame.

(j) Provision shall be made to compensate for expansion, contraction, jarring, and vibration, and for settling.  This may be accomplished by flexible connections.

(k) Piping outside buildings may be buried, above ground, or both, but shall be well supported and protected against physical damage.  Where soil conditions warrant, all piping shall be protected against corrosion.  Where condensation may occur, the piping shall be pitched back to the container, or suitable means shall be provided for revaporization of the condensate.

(9) Hose specifications.

(a) Hose shall be fabricated of materials that are resistant to the action of LP-gas in the liquid and vapor phases.  If wire braid is used for reinforcing the hose, it shall be of corrosion-resistant material such as stainless steel.

(b) Hose subject to container pressure shall be marked "LP-gas" or "LPG" at not greater than ten-foot intervals.

(c) Hose subject to container pressure shall be designed for a bursting pressure of not less than 1,250 p.s.i.g.

(d) Hose subject to container pressure shall have its correctness as to design construction and performance determined by being listed (see WAC 296-24-47501(15)).

(e) Hose connections subject to container pressure shall be capable of withstanding, without leakage, a test pressure of not less than 500 p.s.i.g.

(f) Hose and hose connections on the low-pressure side of the regulator or reducing valve shall be designed for a bursting pressure of not less than 125 p.s.i.g. or five times the set pressure of the relief devices protecting that portion of the system, whichever is higher.

(g) Hose may be used on the low-pressure side of regulators to connect to other than domestic and commercial gas appliances under the following conditions:

(i) The appliances connected with hose shall be portable and need a flexible connection.

(ii) For use inside buildings the hose shall be of minimum practical length, but shall not exceed six feet except as provided in WAC 296-24-47507 (5)(a)(vii) and shall not extend from one room to another, nor pass through any walls, partitions, ceilings, or floors.  Such hose shall not be concealed from view or used in a concealed location.  For use outside of buildings, the hose may exceed this length but shall be kept as short as practical.

(iii) The hose shall be approved and shall not be used where it is likely to be subjected to temperatures above 125°F.  The hose shall be securely connected to the appliance and the use of rubber slip ends shall not be permitted.

(iv) The shutoff valve for an appliance connected by hose shall be in the metal pipe or tubing and not at the appliance end of the hose.  When shutoff valves are installed close to each other, precautions shall be taken to prevent operation of the wrong valve.

(v) Hose used for connecting to wall outlets shall be protected from physical damage.

(10) Safety devices.

(a) Every container except those constructed in accordance with DOT specifications and every vaporizer (except motor fuel vaporizers and except vaporizers described in subsection (11)(b)(iii) of this section and WAC 296-24-47509 (4)(e)(i)) whether heated by artificial means or not, shall be provided with one or more safety relief valves of spring-loaded or equivalent type.  These valves shall be arranged to afford free vent to the outer air with discharge not less than five feet horizontally away from any opening into the building which is below such discharge.  The rate of discharge shall be in accordance with the requirements of (b) or (d) of this subsection in the case of vaporizers.

(b) Minimum required rate of discharge in cubic feet per minute of air at one hundred twenty percent of the maximum permitted start to discharge pressure for safety relief valves to be used on containers other than those constructed in accordance with DOT specification shall be as follows:

Surface area (sq. ft.)			Flow rate CFM air
20	or less . . . . . . . . . . . .		626
25	. . . . . . . . . . . .		751
30	. . . . . . . . . . . .		872
35	. . . . . . . . . . . .		990
40	. . . . . . . . . . . .		1,100
45	. . . . . . . . . . . .		1,220
50	. . . . . . . . . . . .		1,330
55	. . . . . . . . . . . .		1,430
60	. . . . . . . . . . . .		1,540
65	. . . . . . . . . . . .		1,640
70	. . . . . . . . . . . .		1,750
75	. . . . . . . . . . . .		1,850
80	. . . . . . . . . . . .		1,950
85	. . . . . . . . . . . .		2,050
90	. . . . . . . . . . . .		2,150
95	. . . . . . . . . . . .		2,240
100	. . . . . . . . . . . .		2,340
105	. . . . . . . . . . . .		2,440
110	. . . . . . . . . . . .		2,530
115	. . . . . . . . . . . .		2,630
120	. . . . . . . . . . . .		2,720
125	. . . . . . . . . . . .		2,810
130	. . . . . . . . . . . .		2,900
135	. . . . . . . . . . . .		2,990
140	. . . . . . . . . . . .		3,080
145	. . . . . . . . . . . .		3,170
150	. . . . . . . . . . . .		3,260
155	. . . . . . . . . . . .		3,350
160	. . . . . . . . . . . .		3,440
165	. . . . . . . . . . . .		3,530
170	. . . . . . . . . . . .		3,620
175	. . . . . . . . . . . .		3,700
180	. . . . . . . . . . . .		3,790
185	. . . . . . . . . . . .		3,880
190	. . . . . . . . . . . .		3,960
195	. . . . . . . . . . . .		4,050
200	. . . . . . . . . . . .		4,130
210	. . . . . . . . . . . .		4,300
220	. . . . . . . . . . . .		4,470
230	. . . . . . . . . . . .		4,630
240	. . . . . . . . . . . .		4,800
250	. . . . . . . . . . . .		4,960
260	. . . . . . . . . . . .		5,130
270	. . . . . . . . . . . .		5,290
280	. . . . . . . . . . . .		5,450
290	. . . . . . . . . . . .		5,610
300	. . . . . . . . . . . .		5,760
310	. . . . . . . . . . . .		5,920
320	. . . . . . . . . . . .		6,080
330	. . . . . . . . . . . .		6,230
340	. . . . . . . . . . . .		6,390
350	. . . . . . . . . . . .		6,540
360	. . . . . . . . . . . .		6,690
370	. . . . . . . . . . . .		6,840
380	. . . . . . . . . . . .		7,000
390	. . . . . . . . . . . .		7,150
400	. . . . . . . . . . . .		7,300
450	. . . . . . . . . . . .		8,040
500	. . . . . . . . . . . .		8,760
550	. . . . . . . . . . . .		9,470
600	. . . . . . . . . . . .		10,170
650	. . . . . . . . . . . .		10,860
700	. . . . . . . . . . . .		11,550
750	. . . . . . . . . . . .		12,220
800	. . . . . . . . . . . .		12,880
850	. . . . . . . . . . . .		13,540
900	. . . . . . . . . . . .		14,190
950	. . . . . . . . . . . .		14,830
1,000	. . . . . . . . . . . .		15,470
1,050	. . . . . . . . . . . .		16,100
1,100	. . . . . . . . . . . .		16,720
1,150	. . . . . . . . . . . .		17,350
1,200	. . . . . . . . . . . .		17,960
1,250	. . . . . . . . . . . .		18,570
1,300	. . . . . . . . . . . .		19,180
1,350	. . . . . . . . . . . .		19,780
1,400	. . . . . . . . . . . .		20,380
1,450	. . . . . . . . . . . .		20,980
1,500	. . . . . . . . . . . .		21,570
1,550	. . . . . . . . . . . .		22,160
1,600	. . . . . . . . . . . .		22,740
1,650	. . . . . . . . . . . .		23,320
1,700	. . . . . . . . . . . .		23,900
1,750	. . . . . . . . . . . .		24,470
1,800	. . . . . . . . . . . .		25,050
1,850	. . . . . . . . . . . .		25,620
1,900	. . . . . . . . . . . .		26,180
1,950	. . . . . . . . . . . .		26,750
2,000	. . . . . . . . . . . .		27,310

Surface area= total outside surface area of container in

square feet.

(c) When the surface area is not stamped on the nameplate or when the marking is not legible, the area can be calculated by using one of the following formulas:

(i) Cylindrical container with hemispherical heads:

Area= Overall length x outside diameter x 3.1416.

(ii) Cylindrical container with other than hemispherical heads:

Area= (Overall length+ 0.3 outside diameter) x outside diameter x 3.1416.

Note:

This formula is not exact, but will give results within the limits of practical accuracy for the sole purpose of sizing relief valves.

(iii) Spherical container:

Area= Outside diameter squared x 3.1416.

Flow rate-CFM air= Required flow capacity in cubic feet per minute of air at standard conditions, 60°F and atmospheric pressure (14.7 p.s.i.a.).

The rate of discharge may be interpolated for intermediate values of surface area.  For containers with total outside surface area greater than two thousand square feet, the required flow rate can be calculated using the formula, flow rate-CFM air =53.632 A^0.82.

A= Total outside surface area of the container in square feet.

Valves not marked "air" have flow rate marking in cubic feet per minute of liquefied petroleum gas.  These can be converted to ratings in cubic feet per minute of air by multiplying the liquefied petroleum gas ratings by factors listed below.  Air flow ratings can be converted to ratings in cubic feet per minute of liquefied petroleum gas by dividing the air ratings by the factors listed below.

AIR CONVERSION FACTORS

The minimum required rate of discharge for safety relief valves shall be determined as follows:

(i) Obtain the total surface area by adding the surface area of vaporizer shell in square feet directly in contact with LP-gas and the heat exchanged surface area in square feet directly in contact with LP-gas.

(ii) Obtain the minimum required rate of discharge in cubic feet of air per minute, at 60°F and 14.7 p.s.i.a. from (b) of this subsection, for this total surface area.

(e) Container and vaporizer safety relief valves shall be set to start-to-discharge, with relation to the design pressure of the container, in accordance with Table H-26.

TABLE H-26

(f) Safety relief devices used with systems employing containers other than those constructed according to DOT specifications shall be so constructed as to discharge at not less than the rates shown in (b) of this subsection, before the pressure is in excess of one hundred twenty percent of the maximum (not including the ten percent referred to in (e) of this subsection) permitted start to discharge pressure setting of the device.

(g) In certain locations sufficiently sustained high temperatures prevail which require the use of a lower vapor pressure product to be stored or the use of a higher designed pressure vessel in order to prevent the safety valves opening as the result of these temperatures.  As an alternative the tanks may be protected by cooling devices such as by spraying, by shading, or other effective means.

(h) Safety relief valves shall be arranged so that the possibility of tampering will be minimized.  If pressure setting or adjustment is external, the relief valves shall be provided with approved means for sealing adjustment.

(i) Shutoff valves shall not be installed between the safety relief devices and the container, or the equipment or piping to which the safety relief device is connected except that a shutoff valve may be used where the arrangement of this valve is such that full required capacity flow through the safety relief device is always afforded.

(j) Safety relief valves shall have direct communication with the vapor space of the container at all times.

(k) Each container safety relief valve used with systems covered by WAC 296-24-47509, 296-24-47511, ((296-24-47515)) and 296-24-47517, except as provided in WAC 296-24-47511 (3)(c) shall be plainly and permanently marked with the following: "Container type" of the pressure vessel on which the valve is designed to be installed; the pressure in p.s.i.g. at which the valve is set to discharge; the actual rate of discharge of the valve in cubic feet per minute of air at 60°F and 14.7 p.s.i.a.; and the manufacturer's name and catalog number, for example: T200-250-4050 AIR--indicating that the valve is suitable for use on a Type 200 container, that it is set to start to discharge at 250 p.s.i.g.; and that its rate of discharge is four thousand fifty cubic feet per minute of air as determined in (b) of this subsection.

(l) Safety relief valve assemblies, including their connections, shall be of sufficient size so as to provide the rate of flow required for the container on which they are installed.

(m) A hydrostatic relief valve shall be installed between each pair of shutoff valves on liquefied petroleum gas liquid piping so as to relieve into a safe atmosphere.  The start-to-discharge pressure setting of such relief valves shall not be in excess of 500 p.s.i.g.  The minimum setting on relief valves installed in piping connected to other than DOT containers shall not be lower than one hundred forty percent of the container relief valve setting and in piping connected to DOT containers not lower than 400 p.s.i.g.  Such a relief valve should not be installed in the pump discharge piping if the same protection can be provided by installing the relief valve in the suction piping.  The start-to-discharge pressure setting of such a relief valve, if installed on the discharge side of a pump, shall be greater than the maximum pressure permitted by the recirculation device in the system.

(n) The discharge from any safety relief device shall not terminate in or beneath any building, except relief devices covered by subsection (6)(a)(i) through (vi) of this section, or WAC 296-24-47507 (4)(a) or (5).

(o) Container safety relief devices and regulator relief vents shall be located not less than five feet in any direction from air openings into sealed combustion system appliances or mechanical ventilation air intakes.

(11) Vaporizer and housing.

(a) Indirect fired vaporizers utilizing steam, water, or other heating medium shall be constructed and installed as follows:

(i) Vaporizers shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of subsection (3)(a) through (c) of this section and shall be permanently marked as follows:

(A) With the code marking signifying the specifications to which the vaporizer is constructed.

(B) With the allowable working pressure and temperature for which the vaporizer is designed.

(C) With the sum of the outside surface area and the inside heat exchange surface area expressed in square feet.

(D) With the name or symbol of the manufacturer.

(ii) Vaporizers having an inside diameter of six inches or less exempted by the ASME Unfired Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code--1968 shall have a design pressure not less than 250 p.s.i.g. and need not be permanently marked.

(iii) Heating or cooling coils shall not be installed inside a storage container.

(iv) Vaporizers may be installed in buildings, rooms, sheds, or lean-tos used exclusively for gas manufacturing or distribution, or in other structures of light, noncombustible construction or equivalent, well ventilated near the floor line and roof.

When vaporizing and/or mixing equipment is located in a structure or building not used exclusively for gas manufacturing or distribution, either attached to or within such a building,